WO1999067437A1 - Tige en fil d'acier et procede de fabrication de l'acier destine a ce fil - Google Patents
Tige en fil d'acier et procede de fabrication de l'acier destine a ce fil Download PDFInfo
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- WO1999067437A1 WO1999067437A1 PCT/JP1999/003307 JP9903307W WO9967437A1 WO 1999067437 A1 WO1999067437 A1 WO 1999067437A1 JP 9903307 W JP9903307 W JP 9903307W WO 9967437 A1 WO9967437 A1 WO 9967437A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- less
- wire
- steel wire
- average composition
- Prior art date
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 271
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018663 Mn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004534 SiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004940 physical analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a steel wire, a steel for a steel wire, and a method for manufacturing an ultrafine steel wire. More specifically, such as wire ropes, valve springs, suspension springs, PC steel wire, steel cord, etc., have excellent fatigue resistance properties and excellent cold workability (for example, wire drawing, rolling workability, Steel wire suitable for use in products that require high workability), a method of producing steel having high cleanliness and being a material steel of the steel wire, and a method of manufacturing a fine steel wire using the steel wire as a material. It relates to a manufacturing method. Background art
- wire ropes, valve springs, suspension springs, and PC steel wires are produced by hot-rolling steel wires (hereinafter, “steel wires” are simply referred to as “wires”), wire drawing, and cold rolling. It is manufactured by cold working and then by tempering or quenching and tempering.
- ultra-fine steel wire for steel cord used as a reinforcing material for automotive radial tires is firstly drawn and patented into a wire rod with a diameter of about 5.5 mm that has been adjusted and cooled after hot rolling. It is manufactured by processing, secondary wire drawing, and final patenting, followed by brass plating, and final wet wire drawing. The ultra-fine steel wire obtained in this manner is further burned to form a twisted steel wire by burning a plurality of the wires to form a steel cord.
- wire rods belonging to the above technical fields are strong at the time of wire drawing or cold rolling, especially when manufacturing steel cord. It is strongly required not to break during wet wire drawing in which cold working is performed at a high temperature. Similarly, it is required that there be no breakage in the burning process where multiple ultra-fine steel wires are burned.
- inclusions non-metallic inclusions (hereinafter simply referred to as inclusions) were added during hot rolling. There is disclosed a technology for rendering harmless as ductile inclusions by controlling the plastic deformation to a ternary low melting point composition region.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62-99436 discloses that the ratio of the length (L) to the width (d) of inclusions is limited to that of LZd ⁇ 5 having a small stretchability, and the average composition of the inclusions is as follows: S i 0 2: 20 ⁇ 60% , M n 0: to 1 0 ⁇ 80%, C A_ ⁇ : 5 0% or less, M g O: 1 5% or less of one or steel containing both disclose I have.
- the ratio of the length (L) to the width (d) of inclusions is limited to those having a small stretchability of LZd ⁇ 5, and the average composition of the inclusions Is S i 02: 35 to 75%, Al 2 ⁇ 3 : 30% or less, C a :: 50% or less, A steel consisting of less than 25% MgO is disclosed.
- inclusions have very low interfacial energy. For this reason, inclusions tend to agglomerate and grow during secondary smelting, such as in a gas publishing or arc-type heating system, during secondary scouring, etc., and during construction, and tend to remain as giant inclusions at the single stage. .
- the frequency of crystallization of a heterogeneous phase increases during the solidification process within the same inclusion, as shown in Fig. 1, even if the average composition of the inclusions is the same there is a possibility .
- the hatched portion indicates a heterogeneous phase.
- the inclusion composition proposed in each of the above publications that is, the average composition of the inclusions
- the inclusions having a large and heterogeneous composition crystallize, the inclusions among the huge inclusions
- the region within the composition proposed in the publication is soft, it is reduced in size by hot rolling, cold rolling or wire drawing, but the region outside the composition proposed in the publication may remain as a large size.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-125195 and 9-12520 disclose techniques for specifying the size and number of hard inclusions that affect the cold workability and also the fatigue resistance.
- the technology proposed in these publications is, for example, to dissolve a test material collected from a 5.5 mm diameter wire rod obtained by hot rolling with a prescribed solution.
- oxides hard oxide inclusions
- it By measuring the size and number of hard oxide inclusions (hereinafter simply referred to as oxides) that are the residues, and by satisfying the specified conditions, it can be identified as steel or steel with high cleanliness for the first time. It is. For this reason, if the equipment for smelting steel is different or the chemical composition of steel is different, it is not always possible to stably obtain steel and steel materials with the desired high cleanliness.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a wire rod suitable for applications such as a wire rope, a valve spring, a suspension spring, a PC steel wire, a steel cord, etc., which require excellent fatigue resistance and excellent cold workability, and a high cleanliness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a steel having properties and being a material steel of the wire, and a method for producing an ultrafine steel wire using the wire as a material.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- a method for producing an ultra-fine steel wire comprising subjecting the wire according to (1) to cold working and then subjecting the wire to final heat treatment, plating, and wet drawing in this order.
- the “longitudinal longitudinal section” (of the wire) (hereinafter referred to as “L section”) in the present invention refers to a plane cut in parallel with the rolling direction of the wire and passing through the center line thereof.
- the “width” of an oxide refers to the maximum length in the width direction of each oxide in the L section. The same definition applies when the oxide form is granular.
- C A_ ⁇ + A l 2 ⁇ 3 refers to the total amount of C a 0 and A 1 2 ⁇ a.
- wire refers to steel that has been hot-rolled into a rod and is coiled and includes a so-called “burn-in coil”.
- “Secondary refining” refers to “scrubbing methods outside the converter for cleaning”, such as a refining method using gas publishing or an arc heating method, or a refining method using a vacuum processing device. Out-of-pile scouring.
- Step wire refers to a wire that has been cold worked and coiled.
- ⁇ two-roll rolling mill Including cold rolling using “3 roll rolling mill” and “4 roll rolling mill”.
- “Final heat treatment” refers to the final patenting process.
- “plating treatment” is used to reduce the drawing resistance in the next wet drawing process, such as brass plating, Cu plating, and Ni plating, and to use rubber with rubber in steel cord applications. It is used for the purpose of improving adhesion.
- Figure 1 shows that when large inclusions with a heterogeneous composition crystallize, the soft parts of the large inclusions are reduced in size by hot rolling, cold rolling or wire drawing, while the hard parts are large. It is a conceptual diagram showing that it remains as it is. The hatched portion indicates a heterogeneous phase.
- (a), (b) and (c) show inclusions in a piece, a wire and a steel wire, respectively.
- the present inventors have found applications in ropes, valve springs, suspension springs, PC steel wires, steel cords, etc., where excellent fatigue resistance and excellent cold workability are required.
- Various investigations and researches were conducted to obtain suitable wire rods. That is, we investigated and studied the relationship between oxides in the wire and fatigue resistance and cold workability (drawability and burnability). As a result, first, the following findings (a) and (b) were obtained.
- the average composition of the oxide having a width of 2 m or more in the L section of the wire is S i 0 2 : 70% or more in weight%; Ca O + Al 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 3 : less than 20% and ZrO 2 : 0.1 to 10% may be included.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
- the “%” display of the content of each element and oxide means “% by weight”.
- the effect of oxides with a width of less than 2 m on the L section of the wire on fatigue resistance and cold workability is small. Furthermore, since the above oxides with a width of less than 2 m are very small, if the composition analysis is performed by a physical analysis method such as the EPMA method, the matrix part may be included, and the measurement is performed accurately. It is difficult to do. Therefore, the width of the oxide in the L section of the wire was set to 2 m or more.
- the average composition of the width least 2 m of the oxide in the L section of the wire rod (hereinafter referred to simply as "average composition") is 70% or more of S i ⁇ 2, less than 2 0% C a 0 + a 1 2 ⁇ 3, is Rukoto contain from 0.1 to 1 0% of Z R_ ⁇ 2 is important.
- Z r O 2 is also dispersed finely in addition to S i O 2 of hard to disperse finely, adversely affect cold workability Ya fatigue resistance Disappears.
- Z R_ ⁇ 2 inclusions referred to here "Z r 0 2 inclusions” also " Like the S i 0 2 inclusions ", Z R_ ⁇ not only 2 refers to a compound inclusions containing Z R_ ⁇ 2) disconnection origin during drawing in some of the coarse and rigid inclusions And the starting point of fatigue failure.
- Z R_ ⁇ 2 contained in the "average composition” is less than 1% 0.
- Z R_ ⁇ 2 contained in the "average composition” is 0.5% or more, more preferably equal to 1.0% or more.
- average composition is S i 0 2: 7 0% or more, C a 0 + A 1 2 O 3: less than 20%, Z R_ ⁇ 2: 0. 1 to those containing 1 0% You only have to do it. Therefore, oxides other than S i ⁇ 2 , C aO, A 12 O 3, and Z r O 2 (eg, Mg 0, M n ⁇ , T i ⁇ 2 , N a 2 ⁇ , C r 2 ratio, etc. o 3) is contained in the "average composition" is not particularly necessary to define. However, as described in the Examples below, for example, S i O 2 oxide over put that width 2 m to L section of the wire, C a O, A l 2 ⁇ 3, M g O, M n
- a test piece taken from a wire rod is mirror-polished, and the polished surface is used as a test surface and analyzed with an EPMA apparatus.
- the wire rod targeted by the present invention which is suitable for applications such as wire ropes, valve springs, suspension springs, PC steel wires, and steel cords, which require excellent fatigue resistance and excellent cold workability, is made of a material steel.
- the specific chemical composition of the steel to be formed and the method of producing the steel need not be particularly limited.
- the fatigue resistance and the cold workability vary greatly depending on the chemical composition of the steel used as the material steel of the wire.
- the chemical composition of the steel used as the material steel of the wire rod may be specified as follows. (C) Chemical composition of steel
- C is an element effective for securing strength.
- the content is less than 0.45%, it is difficult to impart high strength to final products such as springs and steel cords.
- the content of C is preferably set to 0.45 to 1.1%.
- Si is an element effective for deoxidation, and its effect cannot be exhibited if its content is less than 0.1%. On the other hand, the excess Doing so reduces the ductility of the ferrite phase in perlite. In springs, "sag resistance" is important, and Si has the effect of enhancing "sag resistance", but its effect is saturated even if it exceeds 2.5%. This increases the cost and promotes decarburization. Therefore, the Si content is preferably set to 0.1 to 2.5%.
- Mn is an element effective for deoxidation, and if its content is less than 0.1%, this effect cannot be exerted. On the other hand, when the content exceeds 1.0%, segregation is apt to occur, and the cold workability and the fatigue resistance are deteriorated. Therefore, the content of Mn should be 0.1 to 1.0%.
- the Zr may not be added. If added, the average composition of the oxides described above can be adjusted relatively easily to a desired range, and in addition, it has the effect of refining o-stenite crystal grains and increasing ductility and toughness. . However, not only effect the of the content exceeds 1% 0. is saturated, the cold workability Ya fatigue resistance beyond Z r 0 2 ranges contained in the average composition of oxides wherein Deterioration may be caused. Therefore, the Zr content is preferably set to 0.1% or less. The lower limit of Z r content is a value when the amount of Z r 0 2 contained in the average composition of the oxide is 1% 0.1.
- the steel used as the raw material steel for the wire rod may further contain the following elements.
- Cu need not be added. When added, it has the effect of increasing corrosion resistance. To ensure this effect, it is desirable that the content of Cu be 0.1% or more. However, when Cu is contained in an amount exceeding 0.5%, the grain boundaries are biased, and cracks and flaws are remarkably generated during the ingot rolling of the steel ingot and the hot rolling of the wire. Therefore, the content of Cu should be 0-0.5% Is good.
- Ni need not be added. When added, it has the effect of forming a solid solution in the filament and increasing the toughness of the filament. In order to ensure this effect, it is preferable that the content of Ni is 0.05% or more. However, if the content exceeds 1.5%, the hardenability becomes too high, so that martensite is easily formed and the cold workability deteriorates. Therefore, the content of Ni is preferably set to 0 to 1.5%.
- Cr need not be added. Cr has the effect of reducing the lamella spacing of pearlite and increasing the strength after hot rolling and after patenting. Furthermore, since it also has the effect of increasing the work hardening rate during cold working, high strength can be obtained even at a relatively low work rate by adding Cr. Cr also has the effect of increasing corrosion resistance. To ensure such effects, the content of Cr is preferably 0.1% or more. However, if the content exceeds 1.5%, the hardenability against the pearlite transformation becomes too high, and the patenting treatment becomes difficult. Therefore, the content of Cr is preferably set to 0 to 1.5%.
- M 0 may not be added. If added, it has the effect of increasing the strength and fatigue resistance by precipitating as fine carbides by heat treatment. To ensure this effect, it is preferable that the content of Mo be 0.1% or more. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.5%, the above effect is saturated and the cost is increased. Therefore, the content of Mo is preferably set to 0 to 0.5%.
- W need not be added. If added, it has the effect of significantly increasing the rate of heat hardening during cold working, like Cr. To ensure this effect, W The content is preferably 0.1% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.5%, the hardenability of the steel becomes too high, and the patenting treatment becomes difficult. Therefore, the content of W is preferably set to 0 to 0.5% Co: 0 to 2.0%
- C 0 may not be added. When added, it has the effect of suppressing the precipitation of pro-eutectoid cementite. To ensure this effect, the content of Co is preferably 0.1% or more. However, even if the content exceeds 2.0%, the above effect is saturated and the cost is only increased. Therefore, the content of C 0 is preferably set to 0 to 2.0%.
- the content of B is preferably 0.0005% or more. However, if the content exceeds 0.0030%, cracks are likely to occur during warm or hot application. Therefore, the content of B is preferably set to 0 to 0.0030%.
- V need not be added. When added, it has the effect of making austenite crystal grains finer and increasing ductility and toughness. In order to ensure this effect, it is preferable that the content of V is 0.05% or more. However, even if the content exceeds 0.5%, the above effect is saturated and the cost is increased. Therefore, the content of V is preferably set to 0 to 0.5%.
- Nb may not be added. When added, it has the effect of reducing the size of austenite grains and increasing ductility and toughness. In order to ensure this effect, it is preferable that the content of Nb is 0.01% or more. But, Even if the content exceeds 0.1%, the above effect is saturated and the cost is increased. Therefore, the content of Nb is preferably set to 0 to 0.1%.
- Ti need not be added. When added, it has the effect of reducing the size of austenite grains and increasing ductility and toughness. In order to surely obtain this effect, the content of T i is preferably set to 0.05% or more. However, even if the content exceeds 0.1%, the above-mentioned effect is saturated and the cost increases. Therefore, the content of D1 should be 0-0.1%. P, S, Al, N and ⁇ (oxygen) as impurity elements should have the following contents. Good.
- the content of P as an impurity is preferably set to 0.020% or less.
- the content of S as an impurity is preferably set to 0.020% or less.
- A1 0.005% or less
- a 1 is an element that mainly forms oxides, and degrades fatigue resistance and cold workability. In particular, if the content exceeds 0.005%, the deterioration of the fatigue resistance becomes large. Therefore, the content of A 1 as an impurity is preferably 0.0005% or less, and more preferably 0.004% or less.
- N 0.005% or less
- N is an element that becomes a nitride, and adversely affects ductility and toughness due to strain aging. In particular, if the content exceeds 0.005%, the adverse effects become significant. Therefore, the content of N as an impurity is preferably 0.005% or less, and more preferably 0.0035% or less.
- the content of 0 as an impurity is preferably set to 0.0025% or less, and more preferably set to 0.020% or less.
- the chemical components of the material steel particularly suitable for use in springs and steel cords are as follows.
- the chemical composition of steel is% by weight, C: 0.45 to 0.70%, Si: 0.1 to 2.5%, Mn: 0.1 to 1. 0%, Zr: 0.1% or less, Cu: 0 to 0.5%, Ni: 0 to 1.5%, Cr: 0 to 1.5%, Mo: 0 To 0.5%, W: 0 to 0.5%, Co: 0 to 1.0%, B: 0 to 0.03 0%, V: 0 to 0.5%, Nb: 0 0.1 to 0.1%, Ti: 0 to 0.1%, the balance consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities, P in impurities is 0.020% or less, and S is 0.020% %, Less than 0.005%, less than 0.05% N, and less than 0.0025% ⁇ (oxygen).
- a spring after heat treatment can easily have a tensile strength of 160 MPa or more.
- the chemical composition of steel is% by weight, C: 0.60 to 1. 1%, Si: 0 .:! To 1.0%, Mn: 0.1 to 0%. 7%, Zr: 0.1% or less, Cu: 0-0.5%, Ni: 0-1.5%, Cr: 0-l.5%, Mo: 0-0.2%, W: 0-0.5%, Co: 0-2.0%, B: 0-0.00.30%, V: 0-0.5% , Nb: 0 to 0.1%, Ti: 0 to 0.1%, the balance consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities, P in impurities is 0.020% or less, and S is 0 0.20% or less, 81 is 0.005% or less, N is 0.005% or less, and 0 (oxygen) is preferably 0.025% or less.
- a large tensile strength of more than 320 OMPa can be imparted to a steel wire wet-drawn to 0.15 to 0.35 mm.
- the specific method of manufacturing steel it is not necessary to specifically limit the specific method of manufacturing steel to be the material steel of the wire having excellent fatigue resistance and cold workability.
- the chemical composition of the steel, particularly the content of impurities varies depending on the method of smelting and forging of steel, and the cost of producing a steel ingot also varies depending on the method of forging.
- the method of manufacturing the steel used as the raw material steel of the wire rod, in particular, the smelting method and the forging method may be specified as follows.
- the steel to be used as the raw material steel for the wire rod is preferably formed into a steel ingot through the steps of primary refining by the converter, secondary refining outside the converter, and continuous forming.
- the term “steel ingot” as used herein includes “pieces” as defined as JIS terms.
- secondary purification refers to ladle refining methods that use a gas bubble-work heating method, etc., and refining methods that use vacuum processing equipment. The method usually referred to as “out-of-pile refining” in the “refining method”.
- the “mixed A 1 amount” When the "mixed A 1 amount” is more than 1 0 g / ton, A 1 2 0 in an amount of 3 increases "average composition" in C a 0 + A 1 2 ⁇ amount of 3 2 0% or more included S i ⁇ 2 inclusions in addition to become possible to in some cases you deterioration Natsute, cold workability are not finely dispersed. Therefore, it is preferable that the “mixed A 1 amount” be 10 g / ton or less. It is more preferable that the “mixed A 1 amount” is 5 g ton or less, and it is extremely preferable that the amount is 3 gZ ton or less.
- Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvent is less than 1%
- less than the amount of Z r 0 2 contained in the "average composition” is a 0.1% defined, S i ⁇ 2 based inclusions
- the object may become coarse and hard inclusions, resulting in frequent wire breakage during cold working.
- the “amount of Zr 02 in the solvent” exceeds 95%, the refractory becomes brittle and peels or breaks and remains in the molten steel, or the “average” described in the above section (B).
- the amount of Z R_ ⁇ 2 contained in the composition "becomes Z R_ ⁇ 2 inclusions exceed 1 0% of the coarse and rigid inclusions, breakage during cold working may frequently.
- the upper limit of the above “amount of ZrO 2 such as a solvent” is preferably 80%.
- adding the Z r 0 2 to S i 0 2 based inclusions by adding a metal Z r in the molten steel may be a method for finely dispersing the S i 0 2 inclusions, in this case
- manufacturing costs are high and economics may be lacking.
- the “final C a OZS i C ⁇ ratio” exceeds 2.0, hard oxides such as subinel-alumina may appear and the cleanliness of the steel may decrease. Therefore, high steel material having a cleanliness to produce stably, and the "final C A_ ⁇ / S i ⁇ 2 ratio" 2. preferably set to 0 or less.
- the “final Ca ⁇ Si 0 2 ratio” is preferably 0.3 or more, with 2.0 as the upper limit, and more preferably 0.6 or more. Further, a value of 0.8 or more is extremely preferable.
- the C a 0 S i 0 2 ratio may be kept constant without changing the ratio at each stage of the refinement, or may be a low value. Or from a high value, the “final C a 0 / S i O 2 ratio” may be adjusted to 2.0 or less.
- the Ca OZS i O 2 ratio can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the solvent to be blown into the molten steel.
- the value of the Ca OZS i O 2 ratio of the slag in the slide By adjusting the Ca 0 / S i O 2 ratio from a low value to a ⁇ final Ca OZS i ⁇ 2 ratio '' of 2.0 or less by injecting a higher solvent medium into the molten steel to achieve uniformity Can be.
- the hot rolling method for turning the steel produced through the steps of refining and forging described in the above (D) into a wire does not need to be particularly specified.
- a normal hot rolling method for a wire is used. Is fine.
- (F) Cold working of wire, final heat treatment, plating and wet wire drawing Cold working of wire obtained by hot rolling is performed by wire drawing using hole dies and roller dies.
- the conventional cold working method such as the wire drawing used, that is, the cold rolling using a so-called “2 roll rolling mill”, “3 roll rolling mill” or “4 roll rolling mill” may be used.
- the final patenting process that is the “final heat treatment” may be, for example, a commonly performed patenting process.
- the plating process for the purpose of reducing the drawing resistance in the subsequent wet drawing process and increasing the adhesion to rubber, such as in steel cord applications, does not need to be special. Normal brass plating, Cu plating, Ni plating, etc. may be used. In addition, wet wire drawing may be one that is usually performed.
- the ultrafine steel wire produced by subjecting the wire to cold working, final heat treatment, plating, and wet drawing may be processed into a predetermined final product.
- a steel cord is formed by further burning a plurality of the ultrafine steel wires by burning to form a stranded steel wire.
- Steels A to W having the chemical compositions shown in Table 1 were produced by a primary purification process using a converter, a secondary purification process using an external furnace, and a continuous production process. In other words, it is melted in a 70-ton converter, deoxidized with Si and Mn at tapping, then “out-of-furnace scouring” to adjust the components (chemical composition) and to purify it.
- Table 1 shows the “mixed A 1 amount” during converter melting and “out-of-furnace refining” (that is, the amount of metal A charged into the molten steel from the converter to the continuous production process or the unavoidable amount).
- A1 amount of metal mixed as impurities into the steel “Al 2 ⁇ 3 amount of medium solvent” (that is, A 1 2 in refractories and medium solvents that come into contact with molten steel) 0 3 content), “Z r O 2 amount of such medium solvent” (that is, the amount of Z R_ ⁇ 2 included in one or more of the refractory and Nakadachi ⁇ agent), blowing medium solvent into the molten steel whether, C a ozs i O 2 ratio of taking base medium slag in seminal ⁇ and “final C A_ ⁇ _ZS i ⁇ 2 ratio" (that is, when in contact with molten steel in the secondary rectification ⁇ and subsequent steps Ribe The details of the final C a OZS i ⁇ 2 ratio of the medium slag are also shown.
- the medium solvent blown into the molten steel is specifically a Ca0 powder or a mixed powder of CaO and Si02.
- Table 1 Steels A to W in Table 1 correspond to JIS SWR S82 A, which is generally used as a material steel for steel cord.
- Table 1 also shows the contents of Al, N, and ⁇ (oxygen) as impurity elements in addition to C, Si, Mn, P, and S, which are JIS standard chemical components.
- Each of the steels thus continuously formed was hot-rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate in a usual manner.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter: 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter: 1.2 mm). After this, a final patterning process (austenitic temperature of 950 to 150 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 60 ° C) is performed, and brazing is continued.
- Wet wire drawing (finished diameter: 0.2 mm) was performed at a wire drawing speed of 550 mZ.
- Table 2 shows that the L section of the 5.5 mm diameter wire was mirror-polished, and the polished surface was analyzed with an EPMA device to measure the composition of oxides with a width of 2 m or more.
- the results and the breakage index (number of breaks per ton of steel wire (turn tons)) when a 1.2 mm diameter steel wire is wet drawn to a 0.2 mm diameter steel wire are shown.
- the “average composition” in Table 2 refers to the average composition of the oxide having a width of 2 m or more in the L section of the wire, and is the same in the following examples.
- the asterisk indicates that the condition is out of the conditions specified in the present invention. From Table 2, it can be seen that, for the test rods Nos. 1 to 16, that is, for the wires made from the steels A to P manufactured by the method described in Table 1, the average composition satisfies the conditions specified in the present invention, the steel wire It is clear that the breaking index is low and the wire drawing workability is excellent. On the other hand, the average composition of the wire rods using steels Q to W of test numbers 17 to 23 as the material steels is out of the conditions specified in the present invention, and the breaking index of the steel wire is high, and the drawability is high. Was inferior.
- Steels A1 to A15 shown in Table 3 were produced by a primary purification process using a converter, a secondary purification process using an external furnace, and a continuous production process. In other words, they are melted in a converter, deoxidized with Si and Mn at the time of tapping, then “out-of-furnace” to adjust the components (chemical composition) and to purify them.
- Each of the steels thus continuously formed was hot-rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate in a usual manner.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter 1.2 mm). After this, a final patenting treatment (austenitic temperature of 950 to 100 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 610 ° C) is further performed, followed by brass plating.
- Wet wire drawing (finished diameter: 0.2 mm) was performed at a drawing speed of 550 mZ.
- Table 4 shows the results of measuring the composition of oxides with a width of 2 m or more by mirror-polishing the L cross section of a 5.5 mm diameter wire rod and analyzing the polished surface as a test surface with an EPMA device. The figure also shows the breaking index when a 1.2 mm diameter steel wire is wet drawn to a 0.2 mm diameter steel wire.
- Steel 17 with the chemical composition shown in Table 5 was produced by a primary purification process using a converter, a secondary purification process using an external furnace, and a continuous production process. In other words, it is melted in a converter, deoxidized with SiMn when tapping steel, then “outside the furnace” to adjust the components (chemical composition) and to purify it. Up to 5 g Z ton As well as adjusted to the "A 1 2 ⁇ 3 of such medium solvent” and 1 0% or less, and 80% 1 to "Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvent", "final C a 0 / adjust the S i 0 2 ratio "in the range of 0.8 to 2.0, and then continuously ⁇ .
- Each of the steels thus continuously formed was rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate by a usual method.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter: 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter: 1.2 mm).
- a final patterning treatment (austenitic temperature of 950 to 150 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 61 ° C) is performed, followed by brass polishing.
- wet drawing at a drawing speed of 550 m / min final diameter 0.2 mm to ⁇ .
- Table 6 shows the results of measuring the composition of oxides with a width of 2 m or more by mirror-polishing the L cross section of a 5.5 mm diameter wire and analyzing the polished surface as a test surface with an EPMA device.
- the figure shows the tensile strength and fatigue strength of a 0.2 mm steel wire, and the number of breaks when a 1.2 mm diameter steel wire is wet drawn to a 0.2 mm diameter steel wire.
- the fatigue strength is the result when the temperature is 1 0 7 cycle test using a 2 0 to 2 5 ° C, humidity rotation Hunter bending under the conditions of 5 0-6 0% Fatigue Tester is there.
- Steels 8 to 14 having the chemical compositions shown in Table 7 were produced by a primary refining process using a converter, a secondary refining process using out-of-pile refining, and a continuous production process. In other words, it is melted in a converter, deoxidized with S i and Mn at tapping, then “out-of-furnace” to adjust the components (chemical composition) and to purify it. 5 with gZ tons adjusted to below, the "a 1 2 ⁇ 3 of such medium solvent” and 1 0% or less, and, the "Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent” 1-8 0% The “final C a OZS i O 2 ratio” was adjusted to a range of 0.8 to 2.0, and then a continuous production was performed.
- Each of the steels thus continuously formed was rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate by a usual method.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter 1.2 mm). After this, a final patterning treatment (austenitic temperature of 950 to 150 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 61 ° C) is performed, and brazing is continued.
- Wet wire drawing (finished diameter: 0.2 mm) was performed under the condition of a speed of 550 mZ.
- Table 8 shows the results of measuring the composition of oxides with a width of 2 m or more by mirror-polishing the L cross section of a 5.5 mm diameter wire rod and analyzing the polished surface as a test surface with an EPMA device.
- the figure shows the tensile strength and fatigue strength of a 0.2 mm steel wire, and the number of breaks when a 1.2 mm diameter steel wire is wet drawn to a 0.2 mm diameter steel wire.
- Fatigue strength is the result of when the temperature 1 0 7 cycle test using a 2 0 ⁇ 2 5 ° C, fatigue tester rotary bending Hunter under the conditions of humidity 5 0-6 0%.
- a steel having the chemical composition shown in Table 9 is melted in a test furnace, deoxidized with Si and Mn, then subjected to secondary scouring, and the metal A1 is introduced into the molten steel from the test furnace to the continuous manufacturing process.
- Amount of metal A1 or the amount of metal A1 inevitably mixed as impurities (hereinafter, these A1 amounts are also simply referred to as “mixed A1 amount”), A12 ⁇ 3 the amount (hereinafter, this a l 2 Rei_3 amount referred to simply as "medium solvent in which a l 2 ⁇ 3 amount”), the refractory and the amount of Z r ⁇ 2 that is part of the one or more medium solvent (hereinafter the Z r 0 2 amount to simply as "Z r O 2 amount of such medium solvent”), further, “the final C A_ ⁇ _ZS i ⁇ 2 ratio" (that is, the molten steel in the secondary Sei ⁇ and subsequent steps Upon contact, the final C a OZS
- the A 1 2 ⁇ 3 of such medium solvent 1 0% or less, Z r such medium solvent 0 2 amount is from 1 to 80%, further, the final C a O / S I_ ⁇ 2 ratio was adjusted to a range of 0.8 to 2.0, and then continuously ⁇ .
- mixed A 1 weight, A 1 2 0 3 amount of such medium solvents, Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvents, final C a 0 / S i 0 is varied any one or more of the 2 ratios.
- steel 21 has a final Ca 0 / S i ⁇ 2 ratio of 2.2.
- Steel 22 was the Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent and 0.9%.
- Steel 23 the Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent and 8% 0., further, was 0.6 the final C a ozs i ⁇ 2 ratio.
- Steel 24 the Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent and 8% 0., further, the final C a 0 Bruno S i ⁇ 2 ratio 2.
- Steel 25 had a ZrO 2 content of 81%, such as a solvent medium, and a final Ca 0 / S iO 2 ratio of 2.3.
- Steel 26 mixed A 1 amount of 7 g / ton, the A l 2 ⁇ 3 of such medium solvent and 1 1% addition, the final C A_ ⁇ _ZS i 0 2 ratio 2. was 1. Steel 15 and steel 21, steel 16 and steel 22, steel 17 and steel 23, steel 18 and steel 24, steel 19 and steel 25, and steel 20 and steel 26 have almost the same chemistry. It was adjusted so as to have a composition.
- each steel After continuously forming each steel as described above, it was hot-rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate by a usual method.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter 1.2 mm).
- a final patenting treatment (austenitic temperature of 950 to 150 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 60 ° C) is performed, and brazing is continued.
- wet drawing (finished diameter: 0.2 mm) was performed at a drawing speed of 550 mZ.
- Table 9 shows the results of a mirror-polished L section of a 5.5 mm diameter wire rod, analysis of the polished surface as a test surface with an EPMA apparatus, and measurement of the composition of oxides with a width of 2 ym or more.
- the tensile strength and fatigue strength of 0.2 mm steel wire are also shown.
- the fatigue strength is the result of when the temperature 1 0 7 cycle test using a 2 0 ⁇ 2 5 ° C, fatigue tester rotating bending Hunter humidity in conditions under 60% 50.
- Table 10 shows the breakage index of each of the above steels when a 1.2 mm diameter steel wire was wet drawn to a 0.2 mm diameter steel wire (number of breaks per ton of steel wire (times) Ton))).
- Table 1 1 a steel having a chemical composition shown in smelted in a test furnace, S i, and secondary Sei ⁇ after deoxidation M n, "contaminating A 1 amount", A 1 2 ⁇ 3, such as “medium solvent amount ", by changing the" Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvent “and” final C a oZS i O 2 ratio ", the composition of the oxide to various changes so, then having conducted a continuous ⁇ .
- the amount of mixed A1 was 5 g W 99/67437 as well as adjusted below tons, the A 1 2 0 3 amount of such medium solvent 1 0% or less, and the Z r O 2 amount of such medium solvent 1 and 80%, further, final C a
- the 0 / Si02 ratio was adjusted in the range of 0.8 to 2.0, and then the structure was continuously manufactured.
- mixed A 1 weight, A 1 2 O 3 amount, such Nakadachi ⁇ agent, Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvents, final C a 0 / At least one of the S i O 2 ratios was changed.
- the steel 33 is the final C a O / S i 0 2 ratio 2.
- Steel 34 was the Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent 8% 0.1.
- Steel 3 5 a Z r 0 2 quantity, such as medium solvent and 0.7%, further, the final C a O // S i ⁇ 2 ratio was 0.6.
- Steel 36 had a ZrO 2 content of 0.8%, such as a solvent, of 0.8%, and a final C a 0 to S i O 2 ratio of 2.2.
- Steel 3 7 the Z R_ ⁇ 2 of such medium solvent and 81%, more, final C A_ ⁇ "S i to O 2 ratio 2 was 2.
- Steel 38 is mixed A 1 amount of 7 g / tons, which a 1 2 0 3 amount of medium solvent and 1 2%, more, the final C a oZS i Oz ratio 2. was 1. It should be noted that steel 2 7 and the steel 3 3, and steel 2 8 Steel 34, steel 29, steel 35, steel 30 and steel 36, steel 31 and steel 37, and steel 32 and steel 38 were adjusted to have almost the same chemical composition.
- the asterisk indicates that the condition is outside the conditions specified in the present invention.
- each steel After continuously forming each steel as described above, it was hot-rolled into a wire having a diameter of 5.5 mm while adjusting a rolling temperature and a cooling rate by a usual method.
- These wires were subjected to primary drawing (finished diameter 2.8 mm), primary patenting, and secondary drawing (finished diameter 1.2 mm). After this, a final patenting process (austenitizing temperature of 950 to 150 ° C, lead bath temperature of 560 to 60 ° C) is performed, and brass plating is continued. After that, wet drawing (finished diameter: 0.2 mm) was performed at a drawing speed of 550 m / min.
- Table 11 shows that the L section of the 5.5 mm diameter wire was mirror-polished, and the polished surface was used as the surface to be tested, analyzed with an EPMA device, and the composition of oxides with a width of 2 m or more was measured. The tensile strength and fatigue strength of 0.2 mm and 0.2 mm steel wires are also shown.
- the wire of the L, S i O 2 widths least 2 m of the oxide in the cross-section C A_ ⁇ , A l 2 ⁇ 3, Mg O, Mn O, identifies the Z r 0 2 That is, assuming that the sum of the “average composition” of the above six-component oxide was 100%, the “average composition” was investigated. Fatigue strength at temperature 2 0-2 5, the results of the case where the humidity is 1 0 7 cycle test using a Hunter type rotating bending fatigue tester under the conditions of 5 0-6 0%.
- Products that require excellent fatigue resistance and excellent cold workability such as wire ropes, valve springs, suspension springs, PC steel wires, and steel cords, have high productivity using the wires of the present invention as materials. Can be provided below.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR1020007001761A KR100353322B1 (ko) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | 강선재 및 강선재용 강의 제조방법 |
JP2000556076A JP3440937B2 (ja) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | 鋼線材及び鋼線材用鋼の製造方法 |
CA002300992A CA2300992C (en) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | Steel wire rod and method of manufacturing steel for the same |
EP99957184A EP1018565A4 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | STEEL WIRE ROD AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING STEEL FOR SAID WIRE |
AU42894/99A AU736258B2 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | Steel wire rod and process for producing steel for steel wire rod |
US09/503,713 US6277220B1 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2000-02-14 | Steel wire rod and process for producing steel for steel wire rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP10/176273 | 1998-06-23 | ||
JP17627398 | 1998-06-23 | ||
JP10/350824 | 1998-12-10 | ||
JP35082498 | 1998-12-10 | ||
JP11/48289 | 1999-02-25 | ||
JP4828999 | 1999-02-25 | ||
JP10574999 | 1999-04-13 | ||
JP11/105749 | 1999-04-13 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US09/503,713 Continuation US6277220B1 (en) | 1998-06-23 | 2000-02-14 | Steel wire rod and process for producing steel for steel wire rod |
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WO1999067437A1 true WO1999067437A1 (fr) | 1999-12-29 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP1999/003307 WO1999067437A1 (fr) | 1998-06-23 | 1999-06-21 | Tige en fil d'acier et procede de fabrication de l'acier destine a ce fil |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6277220B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1018565A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3440937B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100353322B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1087355C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU736258B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2300992C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999067437A1 (ja) |
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US9365663B2 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2016-06-14 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Production of shear-stable high viscosity PAO |
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US10689736B2 (en) | 2015-12-07 | 2020-06-23 | Hyundai Motor Company | Ultra-high-strength spring steel for valve spring |
JP2017190519A (ja) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-10-19 | 現代自動車株式会社Hyundai Motor Company | 耐食性に優れた高強度バネ鋼 |
US10718039B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2020-07-21 | Hyundai Motor Company | High strength spring steel having excellent corrosion resistance |
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CN114150221A (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-08 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | 一种超高强钢82b的生产方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1018565A1 (en) | 2000-07-12 |
AU736258B2 (en) | 2001-07-26 |
CA2300992C (en) | 2004-08-31 |
CN1272890A (zh) | 2000-11-08 |
JP3440937B2 (ja) | 2003-08-25 |
AU4289499A (en) | 2000-01-10 |
CN1087355C (zh) | 2002-07-10 |
KR100353322B1 (ko) | 2002-09-18 |
KR20010023138A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
CA2300992A1 (en) | 1999-12-29 |
US6277220B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
EP1018565A4 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
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