US20130233899A1 - Discharge nozzle for installation inside the base of a metallurgical vessel - Google Patents

Discharge nozzle for installation inside the base of a metallurgical vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
US20130233899A1
US20130233899A1 US13/883,606 US201113883606A US2013233899A1 US 20130233899 A1 US20130233899 A1 US 20130233899A1 US 201113883606 A US201113883606 A US 201113883606A US 2013233899 A1 US2013233899 A1 US 2013233899A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
discharge nozzle
gas
case
proof
opening
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US13/883,606
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Kendall
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RHI AG
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RHI AG
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Filing date
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Application filed by RHI AG filed Critical RHI AG
Assigned to RHI AG reassignment RHI AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KENDALL, MARTIN
Publication of US20130233899A1 publication Critical patent/US20130233899A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
    • B22D41/58—Pouring-nozzles with gas injecting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a discharge nozzle for installation inside or at the base (bottom) of a metallurgic vessel with an upper end, preferably for the connection to a metallurgic vessel or to a sliding valve of a metallurgic vessel, and a lower end, wherein a flow-through channel with at least one discharge opening at its lower end is arranged between the two ends, wherein the radially to the outside pointing wall of the flow-through channel is surrounded by a gas-proof casing (envelope). Furthermore, the invention relates to a technique for the operation of the bottom discharge nozzle.
  • the liquid metal is ultimately poured from a metallurgic vessel into a casting mould.
  • a metallurgic vessel can especially be a casting ladle or a so called tundish (also called intermediate vessel).
  • the liquid metal is poured from the ladle into the tundish and from the tundish into the casting mould of a strand casting apparatus. In doing so, it flows through a discharge nozzle which is located in the base of the ladle, or respectively in the base of the tundish.
  • a noble gas like argon is often fed into the flow-through channel. Too large quantities of gas can also negatively affect the quality of the steel though, for example by the formation of hollow enclosures in the steel, which lead to damage on the surface when the steel is rolled out (milled).
  • a material for the discharge nozzle is described for example in WO 2004/035249 A1.
  • a discharge nozzle within a metallurgic vessel is disclosed in KR 2003-0017154 A or in US 2003/0116893 A1.
  • the use of noble gases is displayed with the target of reducing the adherence of materials to the inner wall of the discharge nozzle (so called clogging), similar to the way as described in JP 2187239.
  • a mechanism with a gas supply control is known relatively detailed from WO 01/56725 A1.
  • JP 8290250 nitrogen is supplied.
  • JP 3193250 discloses a technique to monitor the adherence of materials with the aid of multiple temperature sensors which are arranged in series alongside the discharge nozzle.
  • the supply of noble gas into the inner space of the discharge nozzle is further known from JP 2002210545, JP61206559, JP 58061954 and JP 7290422.
  • the object of the present invention is to further improve the present technologies in order to minimize the adhesion of material inside the nozzle of a discharge device in a simple and reliable way without affecting the quality of the metal melt or the solidified metal respectively.
  • a discharge nozzle for the arrangement in the base (bottom) of a metallurgic vessel with an upper end, preferably for the connection to a metallurgic vessel or to a slide valve of a metallurgic vessel, and a lower end, wherein a flow-through channel with at least one discharge opening at its lower end is arranged between the two ends, wherein the radially to the outside pointing (fireproof) wall of the flow-through channel is surrounded by a gas-proof casing (envelope), can be achieved by the fact, that not only the circumference of the discharge nozzle, i.e.
  • gas-proof is not to be understood as absolute leakage-free, but rather that the entering of gas, especially atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen, is generally prevented or stopped respectively.
  • the discharge nozzle, the sliding gate valve (or a stopper rod closure) and a further upper nozzle, which is surrounded by a case and arranged in the base of the metallurgic vessel above the sliding valve, are connected in a gas-tight manner and in this way represent a system of a completely sealed nozzle-arrangement.
  • a method according to the invention for the operation of a discharge nozzle for example by using the discharge nozzle according to the invention as described above, is characterized by the fact that the discharge nozzle is arranged at a sliding gate (valve) or a stopper rod closure of a metallurgic vessel and that before the opening of the sliding gate or the stopper rod closure respectively either a vacuum is created or a noble gas flushing with a subsequent creation of a noble gas excess or high pressure taking place in the discharge nozzle and that the sliding gate valve or the stopper rod closure is opened afterwards.
  • valve sliding gate
  • stopper rod closure of a metallurgic vessel
  • argon can preferably be used.
  • oxygen is at least partially removed from the discharge nozzle, so an oxygen deficit or low partial pressure of oxygen is created.
  • the high pressure or rather the vacuum (low pressure) exists in the whole volume within the gas-proof case.
  • the term “in the discharge nozzle” therefore means the space within the casing (envelope) or the outer-wall respectively and includes the internal volume and the pores of the whole discharge channel.
  • this low or high pressure also exists in the flow-through channel.
  • the casing melts when it comes into contact with the steel melt in the area of the at least one discharge opening, so that the steel melt can flow into the vessel which is located underneath.
  • the discharge nozzle can be run either under a vacuum or under noble gases.
  • One type of discharge nozzle is the so called submerged entry nozzle, called SEN or SES (Submerged Entry Nozzle or Submerged Entry Shroud) among experts. With its lower end, it dips (penetrates) into the steel melt which is inside the subjacent metallurgic vessel, whereby the case (casing) melts when it comes into contact with the liquid steel, so that a free flow-through is possible.
  • SEN Submerged Entry Nozzle
  • SES Submerged Entry Shroud
  • the case features multiple case parts that are connected with each other in a gas-proof manner and preferably arranged above each other.
  • the case is preferably made of metal, like steel, so that it is resistant enough but also melts when it comes into contact with the steel melt.
  • the metal of the case is depending on its purpose chosen in such a way that it melts by the metal inside the melt-receiving container.
  • the case features a lower case part made of steel which surrounds at least the lower end with the at least one discharge opening in a gas-proof manner and that above that a gas-proof case part, designed as an integral part of the wall, being arranged, so that the discharge opening is enclosed by a kind of cap, while the circumferential wall of the discharge nozzle arranged above features a gas-proof layer, especially surface, which—according to the invention—is considered as part of the case.
  • the case features a lower case part made of steel which is implemented in a gas-proof manner into the lower end with the at least one discharge opening and that a gas-proof case part designed as an integral part of the wall is arranged above, so that the discharge opening is closed by a kind of plug, whereby the outer circumference of the discharge nozzle, including the plug, features a gas-proof layer, especially surface, which, including the plug, may be considered—in accordance with the invention—as part of the casing.
  • a layer of a dividing (separating) material like a paper coating, which is known to the skilled person, in order to prevent the adhesion of slag or scoria, which are typically present at the surface of the area of the metallic case which is to be dipped into, in order to accelerate the melting of this casing.
  • a getter material within the casing, preferably selected from at least one metal of the group comprising silicon, calcium, titanium, aluminium, magnesium or zirconium. By this remaining free oxygen in the casing can be bound.
  • the fireproof (refractory) material of the wall can feature a low porosity of 2 to 13%, preferably smaller than 10%.
  • Such material for example carbon impregnated alumina-graphite-material, can—in terms of the invention—create a sufficient impermeability (sealing).
  • Standard fireproof material has a porosity of more than 16%.
  • a heating is arranged inside the wall of the flow-through channel in order to be able to pre-heat the discharge nozzle before use in order to prevent or minimise temperature shocks.
  • a layer of a dividing (separating) material is arranged around the outer surface of the discharge nozzle.
  • the outer surface of the wall is surrounded by an insulating cement seal at its upper end, below the gas-proof case, whereby the cement seal preferably contains a castable heat-proof cement, preferably with at least one of the group alumina (Al2O3), aluminium-silicate, magnesia (MgO).
  • the outer circumference of the wall is surrounded by an isolating material at its lower end, below (under) the gas-proof case, especially a ceramic paper or a woven fabric of ceramic fibres.
  • the insulating material can be arranged directly below (underneath) the cement seal.
  • gas channels are arranged in the lengthwise direction of the nozzle, underneath the gas-proof casing, especially between the gas-proof casing and the wall.
  • a sliding gate valve, according to the invention, for use with a discharge nozzle and especially for use with a discharge nozzle as defined above, which comprises an outer gas-proof case, is characterized by the fact that the gas-proof case includes at least one gas inlet and at least one gas outlet.
  • the at least one gas inlet can be used to pump noble gases like argon into the case and the at least one gas outlet can be used to create a vacuum within the case.
  • the low pressure is 1 to 1013 mbar, especially 150 to 1013 mbar
  • the high pressure is 1013 to 1500 mbar or more, i.e. high pressure being above atmospheric pressure.
  • a vacuum low pressure
  • a noble gas high pressure At the discharge of a tundish it is advantageous to create a noble gas high pressure first and a vacuum after the opening.
  • FIG. 1 shows a discharge nozzle for a tundish
  • FIG. 2 shows a further discharge nozzle for a tundish
  • FIG. 3 shows a third variation of a discharge nozzle for a tundish
  • FIG. 4 shows a discharge nozzle for a casting ladle
  • FIG. 5 shows a further discharge nozzle for a casting ladle
  • FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of a discharge nozzle at a tundish
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of a discharge nozzle at a casting ladle.
  • the discharge nozzle displayed in FIG. 1 features a flow-through channel 1 with multiple lateral discharge openings 2 .
  • the wall 3 of the flow-through channel 1 is generally made out of a mixture of alumina and graphite.
  • a mounting sleeve 4 is arranged for the alignment to a sliding gate valve, which represents the main part of the completely sealed system.
  • the outer circumference of the wall 3 is surrounded by an insulating cement seal 5 at its upper end; below an insulating material 6 , for example a ceramic paper or a fibre mat of ceramic fibres being arranged.
  • an insulating material 6 for example a ceramic paper or a fibre mat of ceramic fibres being arranged.
  • On top of the cement seal 5 and the isolating material 6 a gas-proof case 7 is arranged.
  • the noble gas can be fed into a gap between the gas-proof case 7 and the insulating material 6 for the flushing action.
  • a so called scoria belt (scoria layer) 9 made of zirconium-graphite is arranged above the discharge openings 2 .
  • the discharge openings 2 are closed by the case 7 .
  • FIG. 2 A similar discharge nozzle is displayed in FIG. 2 . It features a cap 10 , for example made out of steel, at its lower end, which closes (encloses) the discharge openings 2 . At least the outer surface of the wall 3 is gas-proof at least above said cap 10 , thus forming a gas-proof part of the case.
  • a layer of a separating material 10 ′ like for example paper, is arranged along the outer surface of the cap 10 . This dividing layer 10 ′ can also cover the whole outer surface of the discharge nozzle.
  • FIG. 3 shows a similar arrangement to FIG. 1 , whereby a circumferential slit 27 within the wall 3 is connected to the opening 8 .
  • Argon can be fed into the wall and an Argon high pressure can be achieved.
  • the discharge nozzle for a casting ladle ( FIG. 4 ) is, in principle, designed in a similar way, however it features a persistently straight flow-through channel 1 ′ and a discharge opening 2 ′ which is located centrically at the lower end.
  • FIG. 5 A similar arrangement is displayed in FIG. 5 , wherein the discharge opening 2 ′ is closed by a gas-proof plug 28 and wherein at least the outer surface of the wall 3 is designed in a gas-proof manner.
  • the plug 28 can be melted, burned or dissolved by the influence of the metal melt in the metallurgic vessel in order to clear the discharge opening 2 ′. It can for example consist of a metal like steel, stainless steel or copper.
  • FIG. 6 the arrangement of a discharge nozzle as a lower nozzle 11 at a tundish 12 is displayed.
  • the tundish 12 features a multi-layered lining 13 , which protects the tundish wall 14 .
  • An upper nozzle 15 in which electrodes 16 are embedded and which outer periphery 29 being gas-proof is arranged in the base of the tundish 12 .
  • the upper nozzle 15 is surrounded by a well nozzle 17 for its protection.
  • a sliding gate valve 18 is arranged, surrounded by a gas-proof slider-case 19 , which is connected in a gas proof manner at its upper end with the outside 29 of the upper nozzle 15 and with the gas-proof case 7 at its lower end.
  • a gas-proof slider-case 19 Inside the slider-case 19 an inlet 20 for noble gas and a connection 21 for a vacuum pump are provided.
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of a discharge nozzle at a casting ladle 22 as well as the tundish 12 which is arranged underneath.
  • the tundish comprises, besides its outlet opening 23 , so called impact pads 24 which are supposed to calm the steel melt mechanically, so to prevent turbulences that are too large.
  • the discharge nozzle displayed in FIG. 4 is arranged.
  • the inlet for noble gas as well as the connection for a vacuum pump are, for reasons of simplicity, not displayed in FIG. 7 .
  • the casting ladle 22 itself features a multilayered lining 26 along its inside.
  • the sliding valve 25 is closed and a vacuum is created in the flow-through channel 1 ′, FIG. 4 , of a casting ladle in order to remove any oxygen.
  • a vacuum is also created in the flow-through channel 1 ′, in the wall of the discharge nozzle, so between the inside wall surrounding the flow-through channel 1 ′ and the outer case as well as inside the sliding valve 25 a low pressure (vacuum) is created.
  • the gas-proof case 7 melts in the area of the discharge opening 2 ′ when it comes into contact with the steel melt, so that the steel melt can flow into the subjacent container (tundish 12 ).
  • the low pressure was, in an example, regulated within the area of 700 to 800 mbar, and the subsequent high pressure was adjusted to a maximum of 1500 mbar.
  • a discharge nozzle is also located. Initially a high pressure with an argon pressure of a maximum of 1500 mbar is created inside said nozzle. At the flowing in of the steel melt into the flow-through channel 1 , the gas tight casing 7 melts in the area of the discharge opening 2 , so that the steel melt can flow into the subjacent vessel. The gas is pumped off the discharge nozzle, so that a vacuum is created.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
US13/883,606 2010-11-11 2011-10-25 Discharge nozzle for installation inside the base of a metallurgical vessel Abandoned US20130233899A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010050936A DE102010050936A1 (de) 2010-11-11 2010-11-11 Bodenausgussdüse für die Anordnung im Boden eines metallurgischen Gefäßes
DE102010050936.1 2010-11-11
PCT/EP2011/005373 WO2012062414A1 (de) 2010-11-11 2011-10-25 Bodenausgussdüse für die anordnung im boden eines metallurgischen gefässes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20130233899A1 true US20130233899A1 (en) 2013-09-12

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US13/883,606 Abandoned US20130233899A1 (en) 2010-11-11 2011-10-25 Discharge nozzle for installation inside the base of a metallurgical vessel

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US (1) US20130233899A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP2637814A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP5572266B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR20130100160A (ja)
CN (1) CN103228382A (ja)
AU (1) AU2011328557B2 (ja)
BE (1) BE1019916A5 (ja)
BR (1) BR112013011578A2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2754323C (ja)
DE (1) DE102010050936A1 (ja)
MX (1) MX2013005164A (ja)
RU (1) RU2013121151A (ja)
UA (1) UA107409C2 (ja)
WO (1) WO2012062414A1 (ja)
ZA (1) ZA201303150B (ja)

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CN105965005A (zh) * 2016-07-07 2016-09-28 宜兴市耐火材料有限公司 一种长水口砖

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DE202015001370U1 (de) 2014-03-12 2015-03-03 Sheffield Hi-Tech Refractories Germany Gmbh Stopfen in einem Verteilergefäß
CN111036891A (zh) * 2019-11-29 2020-04-21 浙江科宇金属材料有限公司 垂直铸造用浇管
CN112974790B (zh) * 2021-02-03 2022-07-19 鞍山市和丰耐火材料有限公司 一种中间包水口铁壳防脱落的生产工艺
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Also Published As

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UA107409C2 (en) 2014-12-25
KR20130100160A (ko) 2013-09-09
CN103228382A (zh) 2013-07-31
MX2013005164A (es) 2013-08-29
EP2637814A1 (de) 2013-09-18
CA2754323A1 (en) 2012-05-11
RU2013121151A (ru) 2014-11-20
BR112013011578A2 (pt) 2016-08-09
AU2011328557B2 (en) 2015-02-05
DE102010050936A1 (de) 2012-05-16
CA2754323C (en) 2014-12-16
BE1019916A5 (nl) 2013-02-05
ZA201303150B (en) 2014-01-29
AU2011328557A1 (en) 2013-05-02
JP2013542856A (ja) 2013-11-28
WO2012062414A1 (de) 2012-05-18
JP5572266B2 (ja) 2014-08-13

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