TW504795B - Seed layers for interconnects and methods and apparatus for their fabrication - Google Patents
Seed layers for interconnects and methods and apparatus for their fabrication Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW504795B TW504795B TW089118841A TW89118841A TW504795B TW 504795 B TW504795 B TW 504795B TW 089118841 A TW089118841 A TW 089118841A TW 89118841 A TW89118841 A TW 89118841A TW 504795 B TW504795 B TW 504795B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- seed layer
- conformal
- deposition
- layer
- copper
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 142
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 140
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 110
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910004156 TaNx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010421 TiNx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 306
- 208000037998 chronic venous disease Diseases 0.000 description 64
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 40
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012691 Cu precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- -1 but not limited to Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012864 cross contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012776 electronic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002365 hybrid physical--chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002294 plasma sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76873—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroplating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2221/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof covered by H01L21/00
- H01L2221/10—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device
- H01L2221/1068—Formation and after-treatment of conductors
- H01L2221/1073—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L2221/1084—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L2221/1089—Stacks of seed layers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/410,898 US6136707A (en) | 1999-10-02 | 1999-10-02 | Seed layers for interconnects and methods for fabricating such seed layers |
| US09/563,733 US6610151B1 (en) | 1999-10-02 | 2000-05-03 | Seed layers for interconnects and methods and apparatus for their fabrication |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW504795B true TW504795B (en) | 2002-10-01 |
Family
ID=27021179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW089118841A TW504795B (en) | 1999-10-02 | 2000-09-14 | Seed layers for interconnects and methods and apparatus for their fabrication |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (8) | US6610151B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2003511858A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20020043604A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW504795B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2001026145A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (118)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| US6610151B1 (en) * | 1999-10-02 | 2003-08-26 | Uri Cohen | Seed layers for interconnects and methods and apparatus for their fabrication |
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2000
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- 2000-09-14 TW TW089118841A patent/TW504795B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-09-25 WO PCT/US2000/040983 patent/WO2001026145A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-09-25 KR KR1020027004251A patent/KR20020043604A/ko not_active Withdrawn
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| US7282445B2 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
| KR20020043604A (ko) | 2002-06-10 |
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| US6903016B2 (en) | 2005-06-07 |
| US6518668B2 (en) | 2003-02-11 |
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| US20090239372A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
| US20010005056A1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
| US7550386B2 (en) | 2009-06-23 |
| US20080026569A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
| US9673090B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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