RU2016111656A - Спеченный магнит R-Fe-B и способ его изготовления - Google Patents
Спеченный магнит R-Fe-B и способ его изготовления Download PDFInfo
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Claims (18)
1. Спеченный магнит на основе R-Fe-B, выполненный из композиции, состоящей в основном из 12-17 ат.% R, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, два элемента из иттрия и какого-либо из редкоземельных элементов и в основном содержит Nd и Pr, 0,1-3 ат.% M1, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Si, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi, 0,05-0,5 ат.% M2, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, и W, 4,8+2×m - 5,9+2×m ат.% B, где m означает атомную концентрацию M2, до 10 ат.% Co, до 0,5 ат.% углерода, до 1,5 ат.% кислорода, до 0,5 ат.% азота и остальное - Fe, содержащий интерметаллическое соединение R2(Fe,(Co))14B в качестве основной фазы, и обладающий коэрцитивной силой, по меньшей мере, 10 кЭ при комнатной температуре, причем:
магнит содержит M2 боридные фазы на тройных переходах границ зерен, но не включает в себя фазу соединения R1,1Fe4B4, обладает структурой сердечник/оболочка, в которой основная фаза покрыта фазами границ зерен, содержащими аморфную и/или нанокристаллическую фазу R-Fe(Co)-M1 с размерами кристаллов меньше 10 нм, состоящую в основном из 25-35 ат.% R, 2-8 ат.% M1, до 8 ат.% Co, и остальное - Fe, или фазу R-Fe(Co)-M1 и кристаллическую или нанокристаллическую, с размером частиц меньше 10 нм, и аморфную фазу R-M1, имеющую, по меньшей мере, 50 ат.% R, причем площадь поверхности покрытия из фазы R-Fe(Co)-M1 на основной фазе составляет, по меньшей мере, 50%, ширина фазы границы зерна составляет, по меньшей мере, 10 нм и, по меньшей мере, 50 нм в среднем.
2. Спеченный магнит по п. 1, в котором в фазе R-Fe(Co)-M1, M1 состоит из 0,5-50 ат.% Si, а остальное состоит, по меньшей мере, из одного элемента, выбранного из группы, состоящей из Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi.
3. Спеченный магнит по п. 1, в котором в фазе R-Fe(Co)-M1, M1 состоит из 1,0-80 ат.% Ga, а остальное состоит, по меньшей мере, из одного элемента, выбранного из группы, состоящей из Si, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi.
4. Спеченный магнит по п. 1, в котором в фазе R-Fe(Co)-M1, M1 состоит из 0,5-50 ат.% Al, а остальное состоит, по меньшей мере, из одного элемента, выбранного из группы, состоящей из Si, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi.
5. Спеченный магнит по п. 1 в котором общее содержание Dy, Tb и Ho составляет 0-5,0 ат.%.
6. Способ получения спеченного магнита на основе R-Fe-B по п. 1, включающий в себя этапы:
придания формы порошку сплава, с образованием неспеченной прессовки, причем порошок сплава получают путем тонкого измельчение сплава, состоящего в основном из 12-17 ат.% R, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, два элемента из иттрия и какого-либо из редкоземельных элементов и в основном содержит Nd и Pr, 0,1-3 ат.% M1, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Si, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi, 0,05-0,5 ат.% M2, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta и W, 4,8+2×m - 5,9+2×m ат.% B, где m означает атомную концентрацию M2, до 10 ат.% Co, и остальное - Fe,
спекания неспеченной прессовки при температуре 1000-1150°C,
охлаждения спеченного компакта до температуры 400°C или ниже,
термообработки после спекания, включающей в себя нагрев спеченного компакта при температуре в диапазоне 700-1100°C, причем данная температура превышает перитектическую температуру фазы R-Fe(Co)-M1, и охлаждения до температуры 400°C или ниже при скорости 5-100°C/мин, и
подвергания старению, включающего в себя подвергание спеченного компакта воздействию температуры в диапазоне 400-600°C, причем данная температура является более низкой, чем перитектическая температура фазы R-Fe(Co)-M1, для образования фазы R-Fe(Co)-M1 на границе зерен, и охлаждения до температуры 200°C или ниже.
7. Способ получения спеченного магнита на основе R-Fe-B по п. 1, включающий в себя этапы:
придания формы порошку сплава, с образованием неспеченной прессовки, причем порошок сплава получают путем тонкого измельчения сплава, состоящего в основном из 12-17 ат.% R, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, два элемента из иттрия и какого-либо из редкоземельных элементов и в основном содержит Nd и Pr, 0,1-3 ат.% M1, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Si, Al, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Pt, Au, Hg, Pb и Bi, 0,05-0,5 ат.% M2, который представляет собой, по меньшей мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta и W, 4,8+2×m - 5,9+2×m ат.% B, где m означает атомную концентрацию M2, до 10 ат.% Co, и остальное - Fe,
спекания неспеченной прессовки при температуре 1000-1150°C,
охлаждения спеченного компакта до температуры 400°C или ниже при скорости 5-100°C/мин, и
подвергания старению, включающего в себя подвергание спеченного компакта воздействию температуры в диапазоне 400-600°C, причем данная температура является более низкой, чем перитектическая температура фазы R Fe(Co)-M1 для образования фазы R-Fe(Co)-M1 на границе зерен, и охлаждения до температуры 200°C или ниже.
8. Способ по п. 6 в котором сплав содержит Dy, Tb и Ho в общем количестве 0-5,0 ат.%.
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JP6488976B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-07 | 2019-03-27 | Tdk株式会社 | R−t−b系焼結磁石 |
EP3179487B1 (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2021-04-28 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | R-(fe,co)-b sintered magnet and making method |
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JP2018056188A (ja) | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-05 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | R−Fe−B系焼結磁石 |
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