RU2011146545A - Катализаторы восстановления оксидов азота из нанесенной на мелкопористое молекулярное сито меди, стойкие к старению при колебаниях состава бедной/богатой смеси - Google Patents

Катализаторы восстановления оксидов азота из нанесенной на мелкопористое молекулярное сито меди, стойкие к старению при колебаниях состава бедной/богатой смеси Download PDF

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RU2011146545A
RU2011146545A RU2011146545/04A RU2011146545A RU2011146545A RU 2011146545 A RU2011146545 A RU 2011146545A RU 2011146545/04 A RU2011146545/04 A RU 2011146545/04A RU 2011146545 A RU2011146545 A RU 2011146545A RU 2011146545 A RU2011146545 A RU 2011146545A
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catalyst
molecular sieve
group
scavenger
scr catalyst
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Пол Дж. АНДЕРСЕН
Хай-Ин ЧЕНЬ
Джозеф М. ФЕДЕЙКО
Эрих ВАЙГЕРТ
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Джонсон Мэттей Паблик Лимитед Компани
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Abstract

1. Система очистки отработавших газов, содержащая катализатор-поглотитель NO, расположенный выше по потоку от катализатора SCR, в которой указанный катализатор SCR содержит медь, нанесенную на молекулярное сито, при этом молекулярное сито (а) имеет максимальный размер кольца в восемь тетраэдрических атомов; (b) выбрано из группы, состоящей из алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит, металлозамещенных алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит и алюмофосфатных молекулярных сит; и (с) подвергнуто обработке с целью улучшения гидротермальной стабильности с использованием по меньшей мере одной технологии, выбранной из группы, состоящей из деалюминирования, катионного обмена или обработки фосфорсодержащими соединениями.2. Система по п.1, в которой молекулярное сито имеет код каркаса, выбранный из группы, состоящей из LEV, ERI и DDR.3. Система по п.1, в которой молекулярное сито имеет величину отношения диоксида кремния к оксиду алюминия от около 8 до около 150.4. Система по п.1, в которой указанная медь присутствует в указанном мелкопористом молекулярном сите в количестве от 0,5 до 5 мас.%.5. Система по п.1, в которой указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOсодержит благородный металл и основной материал, выбранный из группы, состоящей из щелочного металла, щелочноземельного металла и редкоземельного металла.6. Система по п.1, в которой указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOвносится в первый носитель, а указанный катализатор SCR вносится во второй носитель, и первый носитель расположен перед вторым носителем по отношению к нормальному направлению движения отработавшего газа через систему.7. Система по п.1, дополнительно содержащая компонент аммиак, в которой �

Claims (14)

1. Система очистки отработавших газов, содержащая катализатор-поглотитель NOx, расположенный выше по потоку от катализатора SCR, в которой указанный катализатор SCR содержит медь, нанесенную на молекулярное сито, при этом молекулярное сито (а) имеет максимальный размер кольца в восемь тетраэдрических атомов; (b) выбрано из группы, состоящей из алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит, металлозамещенных алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит и алюмофосфатных молекулярных сит; и (с) подвергнуто обработке с целью улучшения гидротермальной стабильности с использованием по меньшей мере одной технологии, выбранной из группы, состоящей из деалюминирования, катионного обмена или обработки фосфорсодержащими соединениями.
2. Система по п.1, в которой молекулярное сито имеет код каркаса, выбранный из группы, состоящей из LEV, ERI и DDR.
3. Система по п.1, в которой молекулярное сито имеет величину отношения диоксида кремния к оксиду алюминия от около 8 до около 150.
4. Система по п.1, в которой указанная медь присутствует в указанном мелкопористом молекулярном сите в количестве от 0,5 до 5 мас.%.
5. Система по п.1, в которой указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOx содержит благородный металл и основной материал, выбранный из группы, состоящей из щелочного металла, щелочноземельного металла и редкоземельного металла.
6. Система по п.1, в которой указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOx вносится в первый носитель, а указанный катализатор SCR вносится во второй носитель, и первый носитель расположен перед вторым носителем по отношению к нормальному направлению движения отработавшего газа через систему.
7. Система по п.1, дополнительно содержащая компонент аммиак, в которой компонент аммиак вырабатывается указанным катализатором-поглотителем NOx.
8. Система по любому из предшествующих пунктов, дополнительно содержащая изменяющуюся восстановительную газовую среду и окислительную газовую среду, в которой указанный катализатор SCR подвергается попеременному воздействию указанных газовых сред.
9. Система по п.8, в которой указанная восстановительная газовая среда является бедным отработавшим газом, а указанная окислительная газовая среда является богатым отработавшим газом.
10. Способ применения катализатора, содержащий:
подвергание катализатора SCR воздействию восстановительной газовой среды, содержащей NH3, вырабатываемый на катализаторе-поглотителе NOx, и применение катализатора SCR для накопления NH3 во время данного этапа подвергания;
и приведения катализатора SCR в контакт с NOx в невосстанавливающей газовой среде для обеспечения эффекта селективного восстановления указанного NOx накопленным NH3;
где указанный катализатор SCR содержит медь, нанесенную на молекулярное сито, при этом данное молекулярное сито (а) имеет максимальный размер кольца в восемь тетраэдрических атомов; (b) выбрано из группы, состоящей из алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит, металлозамещенных алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит и алюмофосфатных молекулярных сит; и (с) подвергнуто обработке с целью улучшения гидротермальной стабильности с помощью по меньшей мере одной технологии, выбранной из группы, состоящей из деалюминирования, катионного обмена, или обработки фосфорсодержащими соединениями.
11. Способ по п.10, который дополнительно содержит этапы:
приведения катализатора-поглотителя NOx в контакт с бедным отработавшим газом, содержащим NOx,
использование катализатора-поглотителя NOx для сохранения по меньшей мере одной порции NOx в указанном бедном отработавшем газе.
12. Способ по п.10, в котором молекулярное сито имеет код каркаса, выбранного из группы, состоящей из LEV, ERI и DDR; при котором медь присутствует в указанном мелкопористом молекулярном сите в количестве от 0,5 до 5 мас.%; и в котором указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOx содержит благородный металл и основной материал, выбранный из группы, состоящей из щелочного металла, щелочноземельного металла и редкоземельного металла.
13. Способ очистки отработавшего газа, включающий:
а. подвергание катализатора-поглотителя NOx и катализатора SCR воздействию бедного отработавшего газа, при котором указанный катализатор SCR размещен по отношению к направлению потока отработавшего газа вслед за указанным катализатором-поглотителем NOx и при котором указанный катализатор SCR содержит медь, нанесенную на молекулярное сито, при этом молекулярное сито (а) имеет максимальный размер кольца в восемь тетраэдрических атомов; (b) выбрано из группы, состоящей из алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит, металлозамещенных алюмосиликатных молекулярных сит и алюмофосфатных молекулярных сит; и (с) подвергнуто обработке с целью улучшения гидротермальной стабильности с помощью по меньшей мере одной технологии, выбранной из группы, состоящей из деалюминирования, катионного обмена, или обработки фосфорсодержащими соединениями;
b. подвергание указанного катализатора-поглотителя NOx и указанного катализатора SCR воздействию восстановительной газовой среды; и
c. циклическое повторение этапов (а) и (b);
при котором указанный катализатор-поглотитель NOx накапливает NOx во время этапа (а) и выделяет NOx для выработки NH3 во время этапа (b); а указанный катализатор SCR накапливает NH3, вырабатываемый указанным катализатором-поглотителем NOx во время этапа (b), и использует запасенный NH3 для селективного восстановления NOx во время этапа (а).
14. Способ по п.13, в котором указанная восстановительная газовая среда создается во время одного или нескольких процессов, выбранных из регенерации сажевого фильтра, регенерации катализатора-поглотителя NOx и десульфатирования катализатора-поглотителя NOx.
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