KR940701466A - 염용액을 전기분해시켜 산과 염기를 생성하는 장치 및 그 방법 - Google Patents
염용액을 전기분해시켜 산과 염기를 생성하는 장치 및 그 방법Info
- Publication number
- KR940701466A KR940701466A KR1019930704025A KR930704025A KR940701466A KR 940701466 A KR940701466 A KR 940701466A KR 1019930704025 A KR1019930704025 A KR 1019930704025A KR 930704025 A KR930704025 A KR 930704025A KR 940701466 A KR940701466 A KR 940701466A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- salt
- gas
- hydrogen
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 title claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 8
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 claims 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 6
- 208000007882 Gastritis Diseases 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004211 gastric acid Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011027 product recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
- C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/22—Inorganic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI91A001765 | 1991-06-27 | ||
| ITMI911765A IT1248564B (it) | 1991-06-27 | 1991-06-27 | Processo di decomposizione elettrochimica di sali neutri senza co-produzione di alogeni o di acido e cella di elettrolisi adatta per la sua realizzazione. |
| PCT/EP1992/001442 WO1993000460A1 (en) | 1991-06-27 | 1992-06-26 | Apparatus and process for electrochemically decomposing salt solutions to form the relevant base and acid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR940701466A true KR940701466A (ko) | 1994-05-28 |
Family
ID=11360215
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019930704025A Withdrawn KR940701466A (ko) | 1991-06-27 | 1992-06-26 | 염용액을 전기분해시켜 산과 염기를 생성하는 장치 및 그 방법 |
Country Status (24)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5595641A (enExample) |
| EP (2) | EP0591350B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP3182216B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR940701466A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1067931A (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR246560A1 (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE145018T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU663717B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR9206192A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2112100A1 (enExample) |
| CZ (1) | CZ289193A3 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE69215093T2 (enExample) |
| FI (1) | FI935818A0 (enExample) |
| HU (1) | HU212211B (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL102247A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT1248564B (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX9203527A (enExample) |
| NZ (1) | NZ243305A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2107752C1 (enExample) |
| SK (1) | SK145893A3 (enExample) |
| TR (1) | TR26992A (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW230226B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO1993000460A1 (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA924771B (enExample) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160057449A (ko) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-05-23 | 인두스트리에 데 노라 에스.피.에이. | 산화액 제조용 전해조 |
Families Citing this family (115)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3236693B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-18 | 2001-12-10 | ペルメレック電極株式会社 | ガス電極を使用する電解槽及び電解方法 |
| US5770033A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1998-06-23 | Lynntech, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for using gas and liquid phase cathodic depolarizers |
| US5961795A (en) * | 1993-11-22 | 1999-10-05 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrochemical cell having a resilient flow field |
| CN1212029A (zh) * | 1995-12-28 | 1999-03-24 | 纳幕尔杜邦公司 | 碳酰卤的制备 |
| US5904829A (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-05-18 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine |
| US5906722A (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-05-25 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine |
| US5900133A (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-05-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine |
| US5882501A (en) * | 1997-08-18 | 1999-03-16 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Method of converting amine hydrohalide into free amine |
| US5928488A (en) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-07-27 | David S. Newman | Electrolytic sodium sulfate salt splitter comprising a polymeric ion conductor |
| DE19844059A1 (de) | 1998-09-25 | 2000-03-30 | Degussa | Elektrolysezelle und deren Verwendung |
| DE10004878A1 (de) * | 2000-02-04 | 2001-08-09 | Sgl Technik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum gleichzeitigen Herstellen von Säure und Base hoher Reinheit |
| JP2001236968A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-31 | Asahi Kasei Corp | 燃料電池型反応装置およびその使用方法 |
| ES2367627T3 (es) * | 2000-09-13 | 2011-11-07 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Método para producir un hidróxido de metal alcalino. |
| US7141147B2 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2006-11-28 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Electrolytic cell |
| EP1397531A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2004-03-17 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Electrolytic cell |
| DE10257186A1 (de) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-15 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von beschichteten Streckmetallen und Verwendung solcher Metalle als Stromableiter in elektrotechnischen Bauelementen |
| EP1775278B1 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2016-04-13 | Solvay Sa | Process for producing epoxy resins |
| WO2006106155A2 (fr) | 2005-05-20 | 2006-10-12 | Solvay (Société Anonyme) | Procede de fabrication d'un epoxyde au depart d'une chlorhydrine |
| KR20080019005A (ko) | 2005-05-20 | 2008-02-29 | 솔베이(소시에떼아노님) | 폴리히드록실화 지방족 탄화수소에서 출발하여클로로히드린을 제조하는 방법 |
| JP4761194B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-10 | 2011-08-31 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 化成方法及び化成装置 |
| JP5576045B2 (ja) | 2005-11-08 | 2014-08-20 | ソルヴェイ(ソシエテ アノニム) | グリセロールの塩素化によるジクロロプロパノールの製造方法 |
| MX2008015810A (es) | 2006-06-14 | 2009-01-12 | Solvay | Producto basado en glicerol crudo, proceso para purificarlo y su uso en la fabricacion de dicloropropanol. |
| FR2904330B1 (fr) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-01-02 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif d'electrolyse de l'eau et son utilisation pour produire de l'hydrogene |
| DE102007003554A1 (de) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Leistungsverbesserung von Nickelelektroden |
| FR2913421B1 (fr) | 2007-03-07 | 2009-05-15 | Solvay | Procede de fabrication de dichloropropanol. |
| FR2913684B1 (fr) | 2007-03-14 | 2012-09-14 | Solvay | Procede de fabrication de dichloropropanol |
| TW200911740A (en) | 2007-06-01 | 2009-03-16 | Solvay | Process for manufacturing a chlorohydrin |
| TW200911693A (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2009-03-16 | Solvay | Aqueous composition containing a salt, manufacturing process and use |
| TWI500609B (zh) | 2007-06-12 | 2015-09-21 | Solvay | 含有環氧氯丙烷的產品,其製備及其不同應用中的用途 |
| CA2659451C (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2011-04-12 | Calera Corporation | Desalination methods and systems that include carbonate compound precipitation |
| US7753618B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-07-13 | Calera Corporation | Rocks and aggregate, and methods of making and using the same |
| ITMI20071375A1 (it) * | 2007-07-10 | 2009-01-11 | Uhdenora Spa | Collettore di corrente elastico per celle elettrochimiche |
| US8177946B2 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2012-05-15 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Electrochemical formation of hydroxide for enhancing carbon dioxide and acid gas uptake by a solution |
| US8715568B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2014-05-06 | Solvay Sa | Use of compositions containing silicon for improving the corrosion resistance of vessels |
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| CN101990523B (zh) | 2008-09-30 | 2015-04-29 | 卡勒拉公司 | Co2-截存的成形建筑材料 |
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| US7815880B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2010-10-19 | Calera Corporation | Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions |
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1991
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1992
- 1992-06-18 IL IL10224792A patent/IL102247A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-19 TW TW081104802A patent/TW230226B/zh active
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- 1992-06-26 AU AU21655/92A patent/AU663717B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-26 RU RU93058574A patent/RU2107752C1/ru active
- 1992-06-26 EP EP92913603A patent/EP0591350B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-26 EP EP92110897A patent/EP0522382A1/en active Pending
- 1992-06-26 AT AT92913603T patent/ATE145018T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 DE DE69215093T patent/DE69215093T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 1992-06-26 US US08/157,180 patent/US5595641A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-26 WO PCT/EP1992/001442 patent/WO1993000460A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-26 TR TR00637/92A patent/TR26992A/xx unknown
- 1992-06-26 JP JP16938692A patent/JP3182216B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-26 CN CN92105160A patent/CN1067931A/zh active Pending
- 1992-06-26 CA CA002112100A patent/CA2112100A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-26 HU HU9303700A patent/HU212211B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 BR BR9206192A patent/BR9206192A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-06-26 CZ CS932891A patent/CZ289193A3/cs unknown
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- 1992-06-26 ZA ZA924771A patent/ZA924771B/xx unknown
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1993
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- 1993-12-23 FI FI935818A patent/FI935818A0/fi unknown
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20160057449A (ko) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-05-23 | 인두스트리에 데 노라 에스.피.에이. | 산화액 제조용 전해조 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI935818A7 (fi) | 1993-12-23 |
| HU9303700D0 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
| HUT66157A (en) | 1994-09-28 |
| ITMI911765A0 (it) | 1991-06-27 |
| ITMI911765A1 (it) | 1992-12-27 |
| CA2112100A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| BR9206192A (pt) | 1994-11-08 |
| FI935818A0 (fi) | 1993-12-23 |
| US5595641A (en) | 1997-01-21 |
| SK145893A3 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
| HU212211B (en) | 1996-04-29 |
| TR26992A (tr) | 1994-09-13 |
| JPH05214573A (ja) | 1993-08-24 |
| AU663717B2 (en) | 1995-10-19 |
| AU2165592A (en) | 1993-01-25 |
| CN1067931A (zh) | 1993-01-13 |
| ATE145018T1 (de) | 1996-11-15 |
| IT1248564B (it) | 1995-01-19 |
| CZ289193A3 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
| DE69215093D1 (de) | 1996-12-12 |
| TW230226B (enExample) | 1994-09-11 |
| EP0591350A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
| EP0591350B1 (en) | 1996-11-06 |
| IL102247A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
| WO1993000460A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| RU2107752C1 (ru) | 1998-03-27 |
| MX9203527A (es) | 1992-12-01 |
| NZ243305A (en) | 1994-06-27 |
| EP0522382A1 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
| AR246560A1 (es) | 1994-08-31 |
| US5776328A (en) | 1998-07-07 |
| ZA924771B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| DE69215093T2 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
| JP3182216B2 (ja) | 2001-07-03 |
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