AU663717B2 - Apparatus and process for electrochemically decomposing salt solutions to form the relevant base and acid - Google Patents
Apparatus and process for electrochemically decomposing salt solutions to form the relevant base and acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU663717B2 AU663717B2 AU21655/92A AU2165592A AU663717B2 AU 663717 B2 AU663717 B2 AU 663717B2 AU 21655/92 A AU21655/92 A AU 21655/92A AU 2165592 A AU2165592 A AU 2165592A AU 663717 B2 AU663717 B2 AU 663717B2
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- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- electrolyzer
- membrane
- current collector
- electrocatalytic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 45
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 37
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 161
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 120
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 81
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 42
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 26
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- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 15
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 13
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
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- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000013023 gasketing Methods 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)oxane-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1C1(C(=O)O)CCOCC1 CYDQOEWLBCCFJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
- C25B9/23—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
- C25B1/16—Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/22—Inorganic acids
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
- C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| ITMI91A1765 | 1991-06-27 | ||
| ITMI911765A IT1248564B (it) | 1991-06-27 | 1991-06-27 | Processo di decomposizione elettrochimica di sali neutri senza co-produzione di alogeni o di acido e cella di elettrolisi adatta per la sua realizzazione. |
| PCT/EP1992/001442 WO1993000460A1 (en) | 1991-06-27 | 1992-06-26 | Apparatus and process for electrochemically decomposing salt solutions to form the relevant base and acid |
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| US4299674A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1981-11-10 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Process for electrolyzing an alkali metal halide using a solid polymer electrolyte cell |
| US4331521A (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-05-25 | Oronzio Denora Impianti Elettrochimici S.P.A. | Novel electrolytic cell and method |
| JPS5842778A (ja) * | 1981-09-09 | 1983-03-12 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | 電解方法 |
| JPS59159991A (ja) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-10 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | イオン交換膜と電極とを一体に接合する方法 |
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| US4565612A (en) * | 1984-12-10 | 1986-01-21 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for reducing sulphate ion concentration in aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions |
| US4732660A (en) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-03-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Membrane electrolyzer |
| JP2648313B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-30 | 1997-08-27 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 電解方法 |
| US4927514A (en) | 1988-09-01 | 1990-05-22 | Eltech Systems Corporation | Platinum black air cathode, method of operating same, and layered gas diffusion electrode of improved inter-layer bonding |
| DE4009410A1 (de) * | 1990-03-23 | 1991-09-26 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur elektrochemischen spaltung von alkali sulfaten |
| US5256261A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-10-26 | Sterling Canada, Inc. | Membrane cell operation |
-
1991
- 1991-06-27 IT ITMI911765A patent/IT1248564B/it active IP Right Grant
-
1992
- 1992-06-18 IL IL10224792A patent/IL102247A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-19 TW TW081104802A patent/TW230226B/zh active
- 1992-06-20 AR AR92322643A patent/AR246560A1/es active
- 1992-06-25 NZ NZ243305A patent/NZ243305A/en unknown
- 1992-06-26 AU AU21655/92A patent/AU663717B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-26 RU RU93058574A patent/RU2107752C1/ru active
- 1992-06-26 EP EP92913603A patent/EP0591350B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-06-26 EP EP92110897A patent/EP0522382A1/en active Pending
- 1992-06-26 AT AT92913603T patent/ATE145018T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 DE DE69215093T patent/DE69215093T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-26 MX MX9203527A patent/MX9203527A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 US US08/157,180 patent/US5595641A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-26 WO PCT/EP1992/001442 patent/WO1993000460A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-26 TR TR00637/92A patent/TR26992A/xx unknown
- 1992-06-26 JP JP16938692A patent/JP3182216B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-06-26 CN CN92105160A patent/CN1067931A/zh active Pending
- 1992-06-26 CA CA002112100A patent/CA2112100A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-06-26 HU HU9303700A patent/HU212211B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-06-26 BR BR9206192A patent/BR9206192A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-06-26 CZ CS932891A patent/CZ289193A3/cs unknown
- 1992-06-26 KR KR1019930704025A patent/KR940701466A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-06-26 ZA ZA924771A patent/ZA924771B/xx unknown
-
1993
- 1993-12-21 SK SK1458-93A patent/SK145893A3/sk unknown
- 1993-12-23 FI FI935818A patent/FI935818A0/fi unknown
-
1996
- 1996-05-24 US US08/653,628 patent/US5776328A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4343690A (en) * | 1979-08-03 | 1982-08-10 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti Elettrochimici S.P.A. | Novel electrolysis cell |
| US4561945A (en) * | 1984-07-30 | 1985-12-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Electrolysis of alkali metal salts with hydrogen depolarized anodes |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI935818A7 (fi) | 1993-12-23 |
| HU9303700D0 (en) | 1994-04-28 |
| HUT66157A (en) | 1994-09-28 |
| ITMI911765A0 (it) | 1991-06-27 |
| ITMI911765A1 (it) | 1992-12-27 |
| CA2112100A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| BR9206192A (pt) | 1994-11-08 |
| FI935818A0 (fi) | 1993-12-23 |
| US5595641A (en) | 1997-01-21 |
| SK145893A3 (en) | 1994-07-06 |
| HU212211B (en) | 1996-04-29 |
| TR26992A (tr) | 1994-09-13 |
| JPH05214573A (ja) | 1993-08-24 |
| AU2165592A (en) | 1993-01-25 |
| CN1067931A (zh) | 1993-01-13 |
| ATE145018T1 (de) | 1996-11-15 |
| IT1248564B (it) | 1995-01-19 |
| CZ289193A3 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
| DE69215093D1 (de) | 1996-12-12 |
| TW230226B (enExample) | 1994-09-11 |
| EP0591350A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
| EP0591350B1 (en) | 1996-11-06 |
| IL102247A (en) | 1996-06-18 |
| WO1993000460A1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
| RU2107752C1 (ru) | 1998-03-27 |
| MX9203527A (es) | 1992-12-01 |
| NZ243305A (en) | 1994-06-27 |
| EP0522382A1 (en) | 1993-01-13 |
| AR246560A1 (es) | 1994-08-31 |
| US5776328A (en) | 1998-07-07 |
| ZA924771B (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| KR940701466A (ko) | 1994-05-28 |
| DE69215093T2 (de) | 1997-06-12 |
| JP3182216B2 (ja) | 2001-07-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |