KR20110116489A - 금속산화물 초극세 섬유-기반 내열성 복합 분리막 및 이를 이용한 이차전지 - Google Patents
금속산화물 초극세 섬유-기반 내열성 복합 분리막 및 이를 이용한 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20110116489A KR20110116489A KR1020100035935A KR20100035935A KR20110116489A KR 20110116489 A KR20110116489 A KR 20110116489A KR 1020100035935 A KR1020100035935 A KR 1020100035935A KR 20100035935 A KR20100035935 A KR 20100035935A KR 20110116489 A KR20110116489 A KR 20110116489A
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- metal oxide
- ultra
- polymer resin
- separator
- fibrous composite
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0004—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles
- B01D67/00041—Organic membrane manufacture by agglomeration of particles by sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
- C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62227—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres
- C04B35/62231—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining fibres based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/62236—Fibres based on aluminium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 비교예 1에서 제조된 금속산화물 나노입자/고분자 복합 초극세 섬유의 전자투과현미경 사진으로서, (a) SiO2/PAN (1/1.8 중량비), (b) TiO2/PVdF (1:2 중량비), (c) TiO2/PVdF (1:l 중량비)이고,
도 3은 비교예 1에서 제조된 금속산화물 나노입자 복합 고분자 분리막의 전기화학적 안정성 측정결과로서, (a) SiO2/PVdF (1:2 중량비), (b) TiO2/PVdF (1:2 중량비)이고,
도 4는 실시예 1-1, 1-2 및 1-3에서 각각 제조된 초극세 섬유상 금속산화물 다공체의 전자투과현미경 사진으로서, (a) SiO2, (b) Al2O3, (c) 고분자 수지 함침된 SiO2 초극세 섬유상 다공체이고,
도 5는 실시예 2-1에서 제조된 초극세 섬유상 SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비) 내열성 복합 분리막의 전자투과현미경 사진으로서, (a) 열압착 전, (b) 열압착 후, (c) 용매를 사용하여 PVdF 성분을 추출 제거한 후이고,
도 6은 실시예 2-1에서 제조된 초극세 섬유상 내열성 복합 분리막의 전기화학적 안정성 측정결과로서, (a) SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비), (b) TiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비)이고,
도 7은 실시예 2-1에서 제조된 내열성 복합 분리막의 TMA 분석결과(고온 용융 보존성)로서, (a) PE 분리막 및 PVdF 초극세 섬유상 분리막, (b) 초극세 섬유상 SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비), (c) 250℃에서 약 1시간 방치한 후의 초극세 섬유상 SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비) 분리막이고,
도 8은 실시예 2-1에서 제조된 SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비) 내열성 복합 분리막의 출력 특성 그래프이고,
도 9는 실시예 2-1에서 제조된 SiO2/PVdF (1:1 중량비) 내열성 복합 분리막의 충방전 특성 그래프이다.
Claims (18)
- 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액 또는 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액과 고분자 수지 용액의 혼합물을 전기방사(electrospinning)하여 배출된 초극세 금속산화물/고분자 복합섬유 또는 초극세 금속산화물 섬유가 연속적으로 랜덤하게 배열 및 축적되어 이루어진 다공체를 포함하고, 이때 상기 초극세 금속산화물 섬유로 이루어진 다공체는 그 표면에 고분자 수지 코팅층을 가지며,
150 내지 250℃에서의 열수축률이 10% 이하이고 200℃ 이하의 온도에서는 용융에 의한 붕괴를 일으키지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는,
초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 고분자 수지 코팅층을 갖는 섬유 다공체가, 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액 또는 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액과 고분자 수지 용액(제1 고분자 수지 용액)의 혼합물을 전기방사하여 얻어지는 섬유 다공체를 300 내지 1000℃에서 소결한 후 제2 고분자 수지 용액으로 함침 또는 코팅하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 고분자 수지 용액이 전해액에 팽윤성을 갖는 고분자 수지, 180℃ 이상의 융점을 갖거나 용융되지 않는 고분자 수지, 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 전해액에 팽윤성을 갖는 고분자 수지가 폴리비닐리덴플루오라이드, 폴리(비닐리덴플루오라이드-코-헥사플루오로프로필렌), 퍼플루오로폴리머, 퍼플루오로폴리머 공중합체, 폴리에틸렌글리콜 디알킬에테르, 폴리에틸렌글리콜 디알킬에스터, 폴리에틸렌옥사이드, 폴리프로필렌옥사이드, 폴리아크릴로니트릴, 폴리아크릴로니트릴 메틸메타크릴레이트 공중합체, 폴리우레탄, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트, 폴리메틸메타크릴레이트 공중합체 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 180℃ 이상의 융점을 갖거나 용융되지 않는 고분자 수지가 폴리아마이드, 폴리이미드, 폴리아마이드이미드, 폴리(메타-페닐렌 이소프탈아마이드), 폴리설폰, 폴리에테르설폰, 폴리페닐렌설폰, 폴리에테르케톤, 폴리에테르이미드, 폴리에틸렌테레프탈레이트, 폴리트리메틸렌테레프탈레이트, 폴리에틸렌나프탈레이트, 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌, 폴리우레탄, 폴리우레탄 공중합체 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 제1 고분자 수지 용액이 폴리비닐피롤리돈, 폴리비닐알콜, 폴리비닐아세테이트, 폴리에틸렌 옥사이드 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 고분자 수지를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 제2 고분자 수지 용액이 전해액에 팽윤성을 갖는 고분자 수지, 180℃ 이상의 융점을 갖거나 용융되지 않는 고분자 수지, 또는 이들의 혼합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 섬유의 다공체를 구성하는 금속산화물이 실리카(SiO2), 알루미나(Al2O3), 보헤마이트(bohemite), ZnO2, LiAlO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, LiTiO3 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 초극세 금속산화물/고분자 복합섬유가 5~80 중량%의 금속산화물을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액이 실리카(SiO2), 알루미나(Al2O3), 보헤마이트, ZnO2, LiAlO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, LiTiO3 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 금속산화물의 나노입자를 금속산화물 전구체의 졸-겔 용액으로부터 얻어지는 금속산화물의 중량에 대해 0.1~200 중량%의 양으로 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서
상기 섬유의 다공체가 초극세 섬유상 사이에 분산된 바인더를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 섬유의 다공체가 고분자 수지의 유리전이온도(Tg) 이상이면서 용융온도(Tm) 이하의 온도에서 열압착되거나, 열압착 후 열연신되거나, 열압착 후 열연신에 이어 추가로 열압착된 것임을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
상기 섬유의 다공체가 열압착 또는 열연신 후 100~250℃의 온도에서 열처리된 것임을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전기방사가 용융취입(melt-blowing), 플래쉬 방사(flash spinning) 또는 전기취입(electro-blowing)인 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 전기방사가 실온 내지 150℃의 온도에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 초극세 섬유가 1 내지 3000nm 범위의 직경을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 제 12 항에 있어서,
상기 분리막이 40~75%의 기공도를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는, 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막. - 양극, 음극, 및 상기 양극과 음극 사이에 위치한 제 1 항 내지 제 17 항 중 어느 한 항의 초극세 섬유상 복합 분리막과 전해질을 포함하는 이차전지.
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CN102218271A (zh) | 2011-10-19 |
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KR101117126B1 (ko) | 2012-02-24 |
US20120003524A1 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
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