JPWO2009125833A1 - 作業機械 - Google Patents
作業機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2009125833A1 JPWO2009125833A1 JP2010507278A JP2010507278A JPWO2009125833A1 JP WO2009125833 A1 JPWO2009125833 A1 JP WO2009125833A1 JP 2010507278 A JP2010507278 A JP 2010507278A JP 2010507278 A JP2010507278 A JP 2010507278A JP WO2009125833 A1 JPWO2009125833 A1 JP WO2009125833A1
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- Prior art keywords
- engine
- drive
- motor
- work
- motor generator
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1のハイブリッド型建設機械を示す側面図である。
図2は、実施の形態1のハイブリッド型建設機械の構成を表すブロック図である。この図2では、機械的動力系を二重線、高圧油圧ラインを実線、パイロットラインを破線、電気駆動・制御系を一点鎖線でそれぞれ示す。
エンジン11は、例えば、ディーゼルエンジンで構成される内燃機関であり、その出力軸は減速機13の一方の入力軸に接続される。このエンジン11は、建設機械の運転中は常時運転される。
実施の形態1のハイブリッド型建設機械では、運転開始直後(作業前)におけるキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)は、70%に設定される。また、油圧系の作業要素、リフティングマグネット6、又は旋回用電動機21のいずれかの駆動が必要なときには、充電量(SOC)は85%に上昇される。そして、油圧系の作業要素、リフティングマグネット6、及び旋回用電動機21のいずれも駆動されなくなると、充電量(SOC)は70%に低下される。
実施の形態2のハイブリッド型建設機械は、エンジン11の回転数に応じてキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)を設定する点が実施の形態1と異なる。このため、コントローラ50には、エンジン11の回転数を表す電気信号が入力されるように構成される。
実施の形態2のハイブリッド型建設機械では、運転開始直後(作業前)におけるキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)は、70%に設定される。また、エンジン回転数が閾値以上に上昇したときには、充電量(SOC)は85%に上昇される。そして、エンジン回転数が閾値未満に低下すると、充電量(SOC)は70%に低下される。
実施の形態3のハイブリッド型建設機械は、レバー26A及び26Bとペダル26C(以下、実施の形態3では「レバー26A等」と略す)の操作の有無に応じてキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)を設定する点が実施の形態1と異なる。このため、コントローラ50には、圧力センサ29より伝送されるレバー26A等の操作の有無を表す電気信号が入力されるように構成される。
実施の形態3のハイブリッド型建設機械では、運転開始直後(作業前)におけるキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)は、70%に設定される。また、レバー26A等の操作が有りと判定されたときには、エンジン11、又は作業要素(旋回機構2(旋回用電動機21)、バケット4、アーム5、リフティングマグネット6)の駆動度合いが高くなると判定して、充電量(SOC)は85%に上昇される。そして、レバー26A等の操作が無くなった(無し)と判定されたときには、エンジン11、又は作業要素(旋回機構2(旋回用電動機21)、バケット4、アーム5、リフティングマグネット6)の駆動度合いが低くなると判定して、充電量(SOC)は70%に低下される。
実施の形態4のハイブリッド型建設機械は、ゲートロックレバーの操作の有無に応じてキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)を設定する点が実施の形態1と異なる。このため、コントローラ50には、ゲートロックレバーの開閉状態を表す電気信号が入力されるように構成される。
実施の形態4のハイブリッド型建設機械では、運転開始直後(作業前)におけるキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)は、70%に設定される。また、ゲートロックレバー60Aが引き上げられたと判定されたときには、充電量(SOC)は85%に上昇される。そして、ゲートロックレバー60Aが下ろされたと判定されたときには、充電量(SOC)は70%に低下される。
実施の形態5のハイブリッド型建設機械は、イグニッションスイッチの操作位置に応じてキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)を設定する点が実施の形態1と異なる。このため、コントローラ50には、イグニッションスイッチより伝送されるレバー26A等の操作の有無を表す電気信号が入力されるように構成される。イグニッションスイッチは、図9に示す運転席10Aの脇に配設されている。
実施の形態5のハイブリッド型建設機械では、運転開始直後(作業前)におけるキャパシタ19の充電量(SOC)は、70%に設定される。また、イグニッションスイッチの操作によりエンジン11が運転状態にされたと判定されたときには、充電量(SOC)は85%に上昇される。そして、イグニッションスイッチの操作によりエンジン11が停止状態にされたと判定されたときには、充電量(SOC)は70%に低下される。
図14は、本発明に係る作業機械の一例として、ハイブリッド型建設機械1001の外観を示す斜視図である。図14に示すように、ハイブリッド型建設機械1001はいわゆるリフティングマグネット車両であり、無限軌道を含む走行機構1002と、走行機構1002の上部に旋回機構1003を介して回動自在に搭載された旋回体1004とを備えている。旋回体1004には、ブーム1005と、ブーム1005の先端にリンク接続されたアーム1006と、アーム1006の先端にリンク接続されたリフティングマグネット1007とが取り付けられている。リフティングマグネット1007は、鋼材などの吊荷Gを磁力により吸着して捕獲するための設備である。ブーム1005、アーム1006、及びリフティングマグネット1007は、それぞれブームシリンダ1008、アームシリンダ1009、及びバケットシリンダ1010によって油圧駆動される。また、旋回体1004には、リフティングマグネット1007の位置や励磁動作および釈放動作を操作する操作者を収容するための運転室1004aや、油圧を発生するためのエンジン(内燃機関発動機)1011といった動力源が設けられている。エンジン1011は、例えばディーゼルエンジンで構成される。
の操作量を表す信号を速度指令に変換し、旋回用電動機1021の駆動制御を行う。また、コントローラ1030は、電動発電機1012の運転制御(アシスト運転及び発電運転の切り替え)、リフティングマグネット1007の駆動制御(励磁と消磁の切り替え)、並びに、昇降圧コンバータ1100を駆動制御することによるバッテリ1019の充放電制御を行う。
た方向は、コントロールユニット600の短手方向と一致しており、この方向は、図20(a)の紙面上下方向に相当する。また、複数のユニット1062〜1066が配列された方向と直交する方向は、コントロールユニット1600の長手方向と一致しており、この方向は、図20(a)の紙面左右方向に相当する。
Claims (16)
- 作業のために用いられる第1の電動機と、
作業以外の用途に用いられる第2の電動機と、
前記第1の電動機に接続された第1のインバータ回路と、
前記第2の電動機に接続された第2のインバータ回路と、
前記第1及び第2のインバータ回路に接続された蓄電池と、
前記第1及び第2のインバータ回路を駆動する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、前記蓄電池に蓄積された電力を放電させるための放電モードを有し、該放電モードにおいて、前記第1のインバータ回路を停止させると共に、前記第2のインバータ回路を駆動して前記第2の電動機を電動運転させることにより前記蓄電池を放電させる、作業機械。 - 請求項1に記載の作業機械であって、
前記第1の電動機が、操作者の操作により駆動される作業用電動機であり、
前記第1のインバータ回路が、前記作業用電動機の端子に一端が接続され、
前記蓄電池が、前記第1のインバータ回路の他端に直流電圧変換器を介して接続され、
前記第1のインバータ回路および前記直流電圧変換器を冷却するために設けられ、冷却液を循環させるポンプ、及び該ポンプを駆動する前記第2の電動機としての冷却用電動機を含む冷却液循環システムを更に備え、
前記第2のインバータ回路が、前記冷却用電動機と前記直流電圧変換器との間に接続され、
前記制御部が、前記第1及び第2のインバータ回路並びに前記直流電圧変換器を駆動し、
前記制御部は、放電モードにおいて、前記第1のインバータ回路を停止させると共に、前記第2のインバータ回路を駆動して前記冷却用電動機に電力を消費させることにより前記蓄電池を放電させる。 - 請求項2に記載の作業機械であって、
前記直流電圧変換器が、昇圧用及び降圧用の各スイッチング素子と、各スイッチング素子のそれぞれに対して並列に接続されたダイオードとを含む昇降圧型のスイッチング制御方式を有しており、
前記制御部が、前記放電モードの際に各スイッチング素子を駆動しない。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の作業機械であって、
内燃機関発動機と、
前記内燃機関発動機に連結され、前記内燃機関発動機の駆動力により発電を行うとともに、自身の駆動力により前記内燃機関発動機の駆動力を補助する電動発電機と、
前記電動発電機と前記直流電圧変換器との間に接続された第3のインバータ回路と、を更に備え、
前記制御部は、前記放電モードにおいて前記第3のインバータ回路を停止させる。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の作業機械であって、
前記冷却液循環システムが前記作業用電動機を更に冷却する。 - 請求項1に記載の作業機械であって、
前記第2の電動機が、エンジンをアシストするための電動発電機であり、
前記蓄電池が、前記電動発電機への電力供給、又は回生電力の充電を行い、
前記第2のインバータ回路が、前記電動発電機の駆動制御を行い、
前記制御部は、前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定する駆動度合判定部を含み、
前記第2のインバータ回路は、前記駆動度合判定部によって前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項6に記載の作業機械であって、
前記第2のインバータ回路は、前記蓄電池の充電率が所定度合い以上に保持されるように前記電動発電機を電動駆動する。 - 請求項6又は7に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、前記作業要素の作動状態に基づいて前記エンジンの駆動度合いを判定する、又は、前記エンジンの回転数に応じて前記エンジンの駆動度合いを判定する、又は、前記作業要素の操作装置に入力される操作量に応じて前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定する、又は、運転席からの運転者の離脱を禁止するためのゲートロックレバーの作動状態に応じて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定する、又は、イグニッションスイッチの操作位置に応じて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定するように構成されている。 - 請求項1に記載の作業機械であって、
エンジンをアシストするための電動発電機と、当該電動発電機への電力供給、又は回生電力の充電を行うキャパシタとを含み、複数の作業要素を電動力又は油圧力で駆動し、
前記電動発電機の駆動制御を行う駆動制御部と、
前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定する駆動度合判定部と
を含み、前記駆動制御部は、前記駆動度合判定部によって前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項9に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動制御部は、前記キャパシタに蓄積されている電力を利用して前記電動発電機を電動駆動する。 - 請求項10に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動制御部は、前記キャパシタの充電率が所定度合い以上に保持されるように前記電動発電機を電動駆動する。 - 請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、前記作業要素の作動状態に基づいて前記エンジンの駆動度合いを判定するように構成されており、
前記駆動制御部は、前記作業要素の作動状態に基づいて前記駆動度合判定部によって前記エンジンの駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、前記エンジンの回転数に応じて前記エンジンの駆動度合いを判定するように構成されており、
前記駆動制御部は、前記駆動度合判定部により前記エンジンの回転数に基づいて前記エンジンの駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、前記作業要素の操作装置に入力される操作量に応じて前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定するように構成されており、
前記駆動制御部は、前記駆動度合判定部により前記作業要素の操作装置に入力される操作量に基づいて前記作業要素の駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、運転席からの運転者の離脱を禁止するためのゲートロックレバーの作動状態に応じて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定するように構成されており、
前記駆動制御部は、前記駆動度合判定部により前記ゲートロックレバーの作動状態に基づいて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。 - 請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載の作業機械であって、
前記駆動度合判定部は、イグニッションスイッチの操作位置に応じて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いを判定するように構成されており、
前記駆動制御部は、前記駆動度合判定部により前記イグニッションスイッチの操作位置に基づいて前記エンジン又は前記作業要素の駆動度合いが所定度合い以下であると判定された場合に、前記電動発電機を電動運転する。
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2009
- 2009-04-10 EP EP09729201.5A patent/EP2275299A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-04-10 KR KR1020107022631A patent/KR101169962B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-04-10 CN CN2009801126235A patent/CN101990505B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-10 JP JP2010507278A patent/JP5384476B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-10 US US12/937,051 patent/US8798875B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-04-10 WO PCT/JP2009/057334 patent/WO2009125833A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP2275299A4 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
US20110093150A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
CN101990505B (zh) | 2013-12-11 |
JP5384476B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
CN101990505A (zh) | 2011-03-23 |
KR101169962B1 (ko) | 2012-08-06 |
WO2009125833A1 (ja) | 2009-10-15 |
US8798875B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
KR20100126491A (ko) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2275299A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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