JP7383069B2 - 多能性幹細胞を未分化状態で培養する培地、細胞培養および方法 - Google Patents
多能性幹細胞を未分化状態で培養する培地、細胞培養および方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
細胞系
iPS細胞培養物-人工多能性幹(iPS)細胞系J1.2-3およびiF4[Parkら、2008年](それぞれ、包皮線維芽細胞および成体線維芽細胞に由来)を、過去に記載されたように、不活性化マウス胚性線維芽細胞(MEF)とともに培養した。次の培地の組み合わせを、付着された[二次元(2D)]培養物中でのiPS細胞の成長を支持するそれらの能力について試験した。
hESC培養物-ヒトESC系I4、I3、I6およびH9.2を、本試験において使用した。
(i)85%DMEM/F12(Biological Industries(Beit Haemek,Israel))、15%ノックアウト血清代替物(SR;Invitrogen)、2mM L-グルタミン、0.1mM β-メルカプトエタノール、1%非必須アミノ酸ストック、および10ng/mlの塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)(すべては、特に指定されない限り、Invitrogen Corporation製品(Grand Island NY,USA)から入手)からなるyF10塩基性培地。この塩基性培地は、対照として、また、二次元培養下のフィーダー層としての不活性化MEFまたは包皮線維芽細胞とともに、iPS細胞またはhESCのルーチン成長のために使用した。
(ii)mHA40/4 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、ITS1%[Invitrogen corporation;ITS予混合物は、1.25mgのインスリン、1.25mgのトランスフェリンおよび1.25mgの亜セレン酸(Selenius acid)からなるX100ストック溶液である]、2ng/mlのTGFβ3(R&D Systems(Minneapoli,MN,USA)製)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma,Israel)、bFGF-10ng(Invitrogen corporation)、ヒト血清アルブミン-0.5%(Sigma、カタログ番号A1653)、重炭酸Na(7.5%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen corporation)。
(iii)HA75 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma)、bFGF-10ng(Invitrogen Corporation)、TGFβ3 2ng/ml(R&D Systems(Minneapoli,MN,USA))、SR3(血清代替物)-1%(Sigma,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen corporation)。
(iv)HA76 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries(Beit HaEmek,Israel))、ITS1%(Invitrogen corporation)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma,Israel)、bFGF-100ng(Invitrogen corporation)、TGFβ3 2ng/ml(R&D Systems(Minneapoli,MN,USA))、ヒト血清アルブミン血清-1%(Sigma、カタログ番号A1653)、重炭酸Na(7.5%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen corporation)。
(v)HA77 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries,Israel,Sigma Israel)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation,Sigma,Israel)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma,Israel)、bFGF-100ng(Invitrogen corporation)、重炭酸Na(7.5%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、SR3~1%(Sigma,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen corporation,Sigma,Israel)。HA77 DMEM/F12(94%)がまた、重炭酸Naを全く含まずに使用されるだけでなく、多能性幹細胞(例えばhESCおよびiPSC)の増殖性、多能性および未分化状態での培養を少なくとも10継代(passges)にわたり支持しうることは注目されるべきである。
(vi)HA78 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma,Israel)、bFGF-10ng/ml(Invitrogen corporation)、TGFβ3 2ng/ml(R&D Systems(Minneapoli,MN,USA))、SR3(商標)-1%(Sigma,Israel)、重炭酸Na(7.5%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen corporation)。
(v)HA74/1 DMEM/F12(94%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、ITS1%(Invitrogen corporation)、L-グルタミン2mM(Invitrogen corporation)、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml(Sigma,Israel)、bFGF-50ng/ml(Invitrogen corporation)、TGFβ3 2ng/ml(R&D Systems(Minneapoli,MN,USA))、ヒト血清アルブミン-0.5%(Sigma,Israel、カタログ番号A1653)、重炭酸Na(7.5%)(Biological Industries,Israel)、限定された脂質混合物1%(Invitrogen Corporation)。
浮遊培養に使用される培地-
(i)100pg/mlのIL6RIL6キメラを補充した塩基性培地(yF10塩基性培地)からなるCM100Fp培地。85-KdaのIL6RIL6は、上記のように生成・精製され、InterPharm,Merck-Serono group(Nes-Ziona,IsraelおよびGeneva,Switzerland)により提供された。
(ii)100ng/mlのIL6RIL6キメラを補充した塩基性培地(yF10塩基性培地)からなるCM100F培地。85-KdaのIL6RIL6は、上記のように生成・精製され、InterPharm,Merck-Serono group(Nes-Ziona,IsraelおよびGeneva,Switzerland)により提供された。
(iii)10ng/mlのbFGFの代わりに100ng/mlのbFGFを使用したyF100塩基性培地(yF10塩基性培地)。この培地は、hESCのCM100Fと同じ効率での浮遊培養を支持することが見出された。
(iv)yFL3培地は、10ng/mlのbFGFの代わりに4ng/mlのbFGFを有しかつ3000単位/mlの白血病阻害因子(LIF)を補充したyF10塩基性培地からなる。iPS細胞が、4または10ng/mlのbFGFを含むyFL3培地で同じ効率で培養されたことは注目されるべきである。
(v)修飾HA13(a)培地は、DMEM/F12(95%)、L-グルタミン2mM、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml、bFGF-4ng、およびSR3~1%からなり、二次元および三次元培養系下でhESCおよびiPSCを支持することが見出された。
(vi)修飾HA13(b)培地は、DMEM/F12(95%)、L-グルタミン2mM、アスコルビン酸500μg/ml、bFGF-4ng、SR3~1%および脂質混合物(1%)からなり、二次元および三次元培養系下でhESCおよびiPSCを支持することが見出された。
(vii)修飾HA13(c)培地は、DMEM/F12(95%)、L-グルタミン2mM、アスコルビン酸50μg/ml、bFGF-4ng、およびSR3~1%からなり、二次元および三次元培養系下でhESCおよびiPSCを支持することが見出された。
(viii)修飾HA13(d)培地は、DMEM/F12(95%)、L-グルタミン2mM、アスコルビン酸50μg/ml、bFGF-4ng、SR3~1%および脂質混合物(1%)からなり、二次元および三次元培養系下でhESCおよびiPSCを支持することが見出された。
人工多能性幹細胞および胚性幹細胞は、異種成分不含、無フィーダー層の二次元培養系上で培養される場合、未分化および多能性状態で維持されうる
下記の実験は、上の「一般的な材料および実験方法」セクションに記載の方法、培養条件および培地に従って培養したiPS細胞またはhESCを使用して行った。
異種成分不含、無血清培地および支持層を含まない系を使用する二次元培養系上で培養されたiPS細胞およびヒトESCは、iPSまたはhESCに典型的な未分化形態および特性を示す-いくつかの考えられる培地の組み合わせ(HA74/1、HA75、HA76、HA77、HA78、HA40/4)における、iPS細胞またはhESCの無フィーダー層および異種成分不含(動物汚染物質を全く含まない)培養を支持する能力について試験した。すべての試験培地(すなわち、HA74/1、HA75、HA76、HA77、HA78、HA40/4)は、iPSまたはhESCの培養を少なくとも15継代支持するのに適することが見出された。MATRIGEL(商標)合成マトリックスを使用する無フィーダー層条件下で試験培地を使用し、iPS細胞またはhESCを、未分化増殖、核型安定性および多能性を含むそれらのiPSまたは(of)hESCの特徴を維持しながら、少なくとも15継代連続培養した(データは示さない)。形態学的差異は、試験培養系で成長させたコロニーと、yF10培地の存在下、MEF上で成長させたコロニーの間で、全く認めることができず、それに応じて、形態学的特徴は、単細胞レベルで不変のままであり、細胞を小さく丸い状態にし、高い核対細胞質比を示し、そこでは1~3つの核小体の存在が顕著であり、典型的な細胞間間隔が認められた(データは示さない)。試験培地(HA74/1、HA75、HA76、HA77、HA78、HA40/4)のすべての存在下、MATRIGEL(商標)(BD Biosceince)合成マトリックス上で培養したiPS細胞またはhESCを、対照培地(yF10塩基性培地)の存在下、MEF上で成長させた細胞と同様、(対照培地、MEF上で成長させたiPSまたはhESCと同様の集団倍加時間を示す)1対2、2対3、または1対3に相当する比で、5~7日ごとに定期的に継代した。iPS細胞またはhESCを、90%超に相当する生存速度で、約100万個の細胞/10cm2に相当する播種効率で継代した。15%の血清代替物(SR)および10%のDMSOを使用し、iPS細胞またはhESCの凍結および解凍に成功した。
人工多能性幹細胞および胚性幹細胞は、異種成分不含および無血清培地の存在下、異種成分不含フィーダー層上で培養される場合、未分化および多能性状態で維持されうる
下記の実験は、上の「一般的な材料および実験方法」セクションに記載の方法、培養条件および培地に従って培養したiPS細胞またはhESCを使用して行った。
異種成分不含、無血清培地および異種成分不含フィーダー細胞層を使用する二次元培養系上で培養されたiPS細胞またはhESCは、iPSまたはhESCに典型的な未分化形態および特性を示す-いくつかの考えられる培地の組み合わせ(HA74/1、HA75、HA76、HA77、HA78、HA40/4)における、iPSまたはhESCの、フィーダー細胞層として包皮線維芽細胞を使用する異種成分不含(動物汚染物質を全く含まない)培養を支持する能力について試験した。すべての試験培地は、iPSまたはhESCの培養を支持するのに適することが見出された。支持層として包皮線維芽細胞を用いる異種成分不含条件下で試験培地を使用し、iPS細胞またはhESCを、未分化増殖(図1A~C、データは示さない)、核型安定性および多能性を含むそれらのiPSまたはhESCの特徴を維持しながら、少なくとも22継代連続培養した。形態学的差異は、試験培養系で成長させたコロニーと、対照yF10培地の存在下、MEF上で成長させたコロニーの間で、全く認めることができず、それに応じて、形態学的特徴は、単細胞レベルで不変のままであり、細胞を小さく丸い状態にし、高い核対細胞質比を示し、そこでは1~3つの核小体の存在が顕著であり、典型的な細胞間間隔が認められた(データは示さない)。試験培地(HA74/1、HA75、HA76、HA77、HA78、HA40/4)のすべての存在下、包皮線維芽細胞フィーダー細胞上で培養したiPS細胞またはhESCを、MEF上で成長させた細胞と同様、(対照yF10培地の存在下、MEF上で成長させたiPSまたはhESCと同様の集団倍加時間を示す)1対2、2対3、または1対3に相当する比で、5~7日ごとに定期的に継代した。iPS細胞またはhESCを、90%超に相当する生存速度とともに、約100万個の細胞/10cm2に相当する播種効率で継代した。15%の血清代替物(SR)および10%のDMSOを使用し、iPS細胞またはhESCの凍結および解凍に成功した。
本発明の異種成分不含培地上での胚性幹細胞系の誘導
透明帯のタイロード酸性溶液(Sigma(St Louis,MO,USA))による消化後、全胚盤胞を、(重炭酸ナトリウムを含有しない以外では)HA40/4培地の存在下の、有糸分裂的に不活性化されたヒト包皮線維芽細胞(HFF)上に置く。最初に、細胞を、インスリン注射器(BD plastipak、カタログ番号300013)を使用し、機械的に継代し、4継代後、細胞を、1mg/mlのIV型コラゲナーゼ(Gibco Invitrogen corporation製品(San Diago,CA,USA))を使用し、4~6日ごとに継代した。得られたヒトESC系を、「WC1」と称した。
人工多能性幹細胞および胚性幹細胞は、静的浮遊培養下、未分化および多能性状態で維持されうる
iPS細胞の浮遊培養は、特に、細胞および組織移植のため、大量の細胞を得ることを意図する場合、従来の培養よりも有意な利点を有する。
iPS細胞は浮遊培養下、未分化状態で維持されうる-MEFまたは無フィーダー層条件下[Amitら、2004年]で成長させたiPS細胞(J1.2-3およびiF4細胞系)を、浮遊培養下で置いた。iPS細胞は、(4ng/mlもしくは10ng/mlのbFGFを含み、かつ3000単位/mlのLIFを補充した)試験培地CM100F、CM100Fp、yFL3、またはyF100での浮遊培養下で24時間後、球状塊または皿様構造をもたらし、それを少なくとも20継代維持した(図3A~C、データは示さない)。少なくとも10継代浮遊培養したiPSの組織学的評価によると、大きい核を有する小細胞の均質集団が示された。球状物が、成長し、5~7日ごとにその形態を維持しながら機械的に分割され、浮遊培養物の増殖が可能になった。あるいは、浮遊細胞は、トリプシン-EDTAおよびROCK阻害剤治療を用いることにより、単細胞に解離でき、さらに同じ形態および特徴の球状物を形成し、それによって効率的な細胞増殖が可能になった。一部の培養は、50継代を超える期間(1年にわたる連続培養)行った。本明細書中に記載のように試験培地で浮遊培養した2つの異なるiPS細胞系J1.2-3およびiF4は、同様の挙動と球状の形態および組織を示した。
人工多能性幹細胞および胚性幹細胞は、動的浮遊培養下、未分化および多能性状態で維持されうる
下記の実験は、上の「一般的な材料および実験方法」セクションに記載の方法、培養条件および培地に従って培養したiPS細胞またはhESCを使用して行った。
振とう浮遊培養下で培養されるiPS細胞は、その未分化状態を維持する-系J1.2-3由来のiPS細胞またはhESCを、試験培地を使用し、スピナーフラスコ内で少なくとも1か月間浮遊培養した。1か月後の実験によると、細胞によって形成された球状塊の形態学的特性が、iPS細胞がペトリ皿内で静的に培養される場合に認められる場合と同様のままであることが示された(データは示さない)。さらに、iPS細胞は、Oct-4、TRA-1-81、TRA-1-60およびSSEA4などの未分化hESCのマーカーを高度に発現した(図6A~D)。塊中のiPS細胞は、MEF上での再培養時、再付着し、iPS細胞に典型的なコロニーを再び形成した(データは示さない)。スピナーフラスコ内で1か月培養した細胞の核型は、正常であることが見出された(データは示さない)。
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配列番号36は、IL6R/IL6キメラタンパク質の配列である。
Claims (9)
- 多能性幹細胞を未分化状態で増殖・維持する方法であって、約50~200ng/mlの濃度範囲での塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)および血清代替物を含む無血清の培地中で、基質接着及びフィーダー細胞ならし培地を有さない浮遊培養下で前記多能性幹細胞を少なくとも5継代にわたって培養して、前記多能性幹細胞を前記未分化状態で増殖・維持するステップを含み、前記培地は、前記浮遊培養下で多能性幹細胞を未分化状態で維持する能力を有する、方法。
- 前記培地が、無フィーダー、マトリックス不含およびタンパク質担体不含である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記培地が、動物汚染物質を含まない、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記bFGFの濃度は、約100ng/mlである、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、胚性幹細胞である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、ヒト胚性幹細胞である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、人工多能性幹(iPS)細胞である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 胚様体を多能性幹細胞から生成する方法であって、
(a)前記多能性幹細胞を、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って培養し、それによって増殖された未分化多能性幹細胞を得るステップと、
(b)前記増殖された未分化多能性幹細胞を、前記幹細胞の胚様体への分化に適した培養条件下に置いて、前記胚様体を前記多能性幹細胞から生成するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 系統特異的細胞を多能性幹細胞から生成する方法であって、
(a)前記多能性幹細胞を、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って培養し、それによって増殖された未分化多能性幹細胞を得るステップと、
(b)前記増殖された未分化多能性幹細胞を、前記増殖された未分化幹細胞の胚様体への分化に適した培養条件下に置くステップと、
(c)前記胚様体の細胞を、系統特異的細胞の分化および/または増殖に適した培養条件下に置いて、前記系統特異的細胞を前記多能性幹細胞から生成するステップと、
を含む方法。
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