JP7361730B2 - 記憶装置 - Google Patents
記憶装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7361730B2 JP7361730B2 JP2020568866A JP2020568866A JP7361730B2 JP 7361730 B2 JP7361730 B2 JP 7361730B2 JP 2020568866 A JP2020568866 A JP 2020568866A JP 2020568866 A JP2020568866 A JP 2020568866A JP 7361730 B2 JP7361730 B2 JP 7361730B2
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- oxide
- insulator
- transistor
- conductor
- layer
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Description
本発明の一態様の記憶装置について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、図面にX方向、Y方向、およびZ方向を示す矢印を付す場合がある。X方向、Y方向、およびZ方向は、それぞれが互いに直交または交差する方向である。
駆動回路層110の構成例について説明する。図2は駆動回路層110の構成例を説明するブロック図である。駆動回路層110は、PSW141(パワースイッチ)、PSW142、周辺回路115、およびRWアレイ127を有する。周辺回路115は、周辺回路111、コントロール回路112、および電圧生成回路128を有する。
N層ある記憶層120の構成例について説明する。それぞれの記憶層120は、P行Q列(Qは2以上の自然数)のマトリクス状に設けられた複数のメモリセル10を有する。図3は、k層目の記憶層120(記憶層120_k)をZ方向から見たブロック図である。本明細書などにおいて、X方向は行方向に相当し、Y方向は列方向に相当し、Z方向は記憶層120の積層方向に相当する。
次に、メモリセル10の構成例を説明する。メモリセル10は、トランジスタ11A、トランジスタ11B、および容量12を有する(図7(A)参照。)。トランジスタ11Aのソースまたはドレインの一方はノードFNと電気的に接続され、他方はビット線WBLと電気的に接続され、ゲートはワード線WWLと電気的に接続される。トランジスタ11Bのソースまたはドレインの一方は選択線SLと電気的に接続され、他方はビット線RBLと電気的に接続され、ゲートはノードFNと電気的に接続される。
次に、メモリセル10のデータ書き込み動作例と読み出し動作例について説明する。本実施の形態では、トランジスタ11Aおよびトランジスタ11Bにnチャネル型のトランジスタを用いるものとする。図10はメモリセル10の動作例を説明するためのタイミングチャートである。図11(A)、図11(B)、図12(A)、および図12(B)は、メモリセル10の動作例を説明するための回路図である。
期間T1において、ワード線WWLおよびビット線WBLにH電位を供給する(図10および図11(A)参照。)。すると、トランジスタ11Aがオン状態になり、ノードFNに“1”を示すデータとして、H電位が書き込まれる。より正確には、ノードFNに、ノードFNの電位がH電位になる量の電荷が供給される。
期間T2において、ワード線WWLにL電位を供給する。すると、トランジスタ11Aがオフ状態になり、ノードFNに書き込まれたデータが保持される(図10および図11(B)参照。)。
期間T3において、ビット線RBLにH電位をプリチャージする。すなわち、ビット線RBLをH電位のままフローティング状態にする(図10および図12(A)参照。)。
列ドライバ124には、列ごとに、図13に示すRW回路129が設けられている。図13は、RW回路129の構成例を示す回路図である。
トランジスタM21は、プリチャージ回路として機能する。トランジスタM21によって、ビット線RBLは、電位VDDにプリチャージされる。信号PREはプリチャージ信号であり、信号PREによって、トランジスタM21の導通状態が制御される。
センスアンプ回路31は、読み出し動作時には、ビット線RBLに入力されたデータのハイレベルまたはローレベルを判定する。また、センスアンプ回路31は、書き込み動作時には、入力されたデータDINを一時的に保持するラッチ回路として機能する。
トランジスタM22およびトランジスタM23は、出力MUX(マルチプレクサ)回路を構成する。信号GRSELは、グローバル読み出し選択信号であり、出力MUX回路を制御する。
トランジスタM24乃至トランジスタM26は、書き込みドライバ回路を構成する。信号GWSELは、グローバル書き込み選択信号であり、書き込みドライバ回路を制御する。書き込みドライバ回路は、入力されたデータDINをセンスアンプ回路31に書き込む機能を有する。
本実施の形態では、記憶装置100の変形例について説明する。記憶装置100の変形例として、図14(A)に、記憶装置100Aを示す。本実施の形態では、記憶装置100Aの記憶装置100とは異なる点について説明する。本実施の形態で説明が無い事柄については、他の実施の形態などを参酌すればよい。
記憶装置100Aは、駆動回路層110上にM個の記憶ブロック130が積層された構成を有する。図14(A)などでは、1個目の記憶ブロック130を記憶ブロック130_1と示し、M個目(Mは2以上の自然数)の記憶ブロック130を記憶ブロック130_Mと示している。また、t個目(tは1以上M以下の自然数)の記憶ブロック130を記憶ブロック130_tと示している。
本実施の形態では、記憶装置100の変形例について説明する。記憶装置100の変形例として、図15(A)に、記憶装置100Bを示す。本実施の形態では、記憶装置100Bの記憶装置100とは異なる点について説明する。本実施の形態で説明が無い事柄については、他の実施の形態などを参酌すればよい。
記憶装置100Bは、記憶装置100の駆動回路層110に替えて駆動回路層110Aを有する。図15(B)は駆動回路層110Aの構成例を説明するブロック図である。駆動回路層110Aは、駆動回路層110のRWアレイ127に替えてRWアレイ127Aを有する。駆動回路層110AのRWアレイ127A以外の構成は、駆動回路層110と同様であるため、本実施の形態での詳細な説明は省略する。
上記の記憶装置100Bでは、1行に含まれる全てのビット線が1つのRW回路129に接続されるため、当該RW回路129に加わる配線容量などの負荷が大きくなりやすい。特に記憶装置の記憶容量が増加して1行に含まれるビット線の本数が増えると、その影響が大きくなり、データの読み書き速度や精度などか低下しやすくなる。
以下では、上記実施の形態に係る記憶装置の一例について、図22乃至図27を用いて説明する。まず、当該記憶装置を構成するメモリセルの構成例について説明する。
図22(A)および図22(B)に、本発明の一態様に係る記憶装置を構成するメモリセル860の構造を示す。図22(A)は、メモリセル860とその周辺の上面図である。また、図22(B)は、メモリセル860の断面図であり、図22(B)は、図22(A)にA1-A2の一点鎖線で示す部位に対応する。図22(B)において、トランジスタ600のチャネル長方向の断面と、トランジスタ700のチャネル幅方向の断面を示す。なお、図22(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いている。なお、図22(A)に示す、X方向、Y方向、およびZ方向は、それぞれが互いに直交または交差する方向である。ここで、X方向およびY方向は基板面に対して平行または概略平行であり、Z方向は基板面に対して垂直または概略垂直であることが好ましい。
以下では、本発明の一態様に係るメモリセル860の詳細な構成について説明する。以下において、トランジスタ700の構成要素は、トランジスタ600の構成要素の記載を参酌できるものとする。
以下では、図23を用いてメモリセルの変形例について説明する。図23(A)は、メモリセル860とその周辺の上面図である。また、図23(B)は、メモリセル860の断面図であり、図23(B)は、図23(A)にA1-A2の一点鎖線で示す部位に対応する。図23(B)において、トランジスタ600のチャネル長方向の断面と、トランジスタ700のチャネル幅方向の断面を示す。なお、図23(A)の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いている。なお、図23(A)に示す、X方向、Y方向、およびZ方向は、それぞれが互いに直交または交差する方向である。ここで、X方向およびY方向は基板面に対して平行または概略平行であり、Z方向は基板面に対して垂直または概略垂直であることが好ましい。
酸化物630として、酸化物半導体として機能する金属酸化物を用いることが好ましい。以下では、本発明に係る酸化物630に適用可能な金属酸化物について説明する。
ここで、金属酸化物の構成例として、CAC-OS(Cloud-Aligned Composite Oxide Semiconductor)またはCAC-metal oxideについて説明する。
酸化物半導体(金属酸化物)は、単結晶酸化物半導体と、それ以外の非単結晶酸化物半導体と、に分けられる。非単結晶酸化物半導体としては、例えば、CAAC-OS、多結晶酸化物半導体、nc-OS(nanocrystalline oxide semiconductor)、擬似非晶質酸化物半導体(a-like OS:amorphous-like oxide semiconductor)、および非晶質酸化物半導体などがある。
ここで、金属酸化物中における各不純物の影響について説明する。
酸化物630に用いることができる半導体材料は、上述の金属酸化物に限られない。酸化物630として、バンドギャップを有する半導体材料(ゼロギャップ半導体ではない半導体材料)を用いてもよい。例えば、シリコンなどの単体元素の半導体、ヒ化ガリウムなどの化合物半導体、半導体として機能する層状物質(原子層物質、2次元材料などともいう。)などを半導体材料に用いることが好ましい。特に、半導体として機能する層状物質を半導体材料に用いると好適である。
次に上述のメモリセル860の配置の一例について、図24および図25を用いて説明する。図24および図25に、上記メモリセル860を2×2×2個配置した、メモリセルブロックを示す。図24は、メモリセルブロックの上面図である。また、図25は、メモリセルブロックの断面図であり、図25は、図24にB1-B2の一点鎖線で示す部位に対応する。図25において、トランジスタ600のチャネル長方向の断面と、トランジスタ700のチャネル幅方向の断面を示す。なお、図24の上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素を省いている。なお、図24に示す、X方向、Y方向、およびZ方向は、それぞれが互いに直交または交差する方向である。ここで、X方向およびY方向は基板面に対して平行または概略平行であり、Z方向は基板面に対して垂直または概略垂直であることが好ましい。
次に、上述のメモリセル860を積層させた記憶装置の一例について、図26を用いて説明する。図26は、シリコン層871の上に、メモリセル860を含むメモリセル層870が複数積層された、記憶装置の断面図である。図26に示す記憶装置は、図1等に示す記憶装置100に対応しており、シリコン層871は駆動回路層110に対応し、メモリセル層870は記憶層120に対応する。
本実施の形態は、上記実施の形態に示す記憶装置などが組み込まれた電子部品および電子機器の一例を示す。
まず、記憶装置100が組み込まれた電子部品の例を、図29(A)および(B)を用いて説明を行う。
次に、上記電子部品を備えた電子機器の例について図30を用いて説明を行う。
本実施の形態では、先の実施の形態に示す記憶装置を用いた記憶装置の応用例について説明する。
Claims (3)
- N層(Nは2以上の自然数)の記憶層と、
駆動回路層と、
M層(Mは2以上の自然数)の機能層と、
複数の第1配線と、
複数の第2配線と、を有し、
前記N層の記憶層は前記駆動回路層上に積層され、
前記駆動回路層は複数の第1回路を有し、
t-1個目(tは1以上M以下の自然数)の機能層とt個目の機能層と、の間に複数の前記記憶層を有し、
前記複数の第1配線は、前記N層の記憶層の積層方向に延在し、かつ、P行R列(PおよびRは1以上の自然数)のマトリクス状に設けられ、
前記複数の第2配線は、前記積層方向に延在し、かつ、P行Q列(PおよびQは2以上の自然数)のマトリクス状に設けられ、
前記N層の記憶層のそれぞれは、
前記P行Q列のマトリクス状に設けられた複数のメモリセルと、
前記Q列の第3配線と、
前記Q列の第4配線と、
前記Q列の第5配線と、を有し、
k層目の前記記憶層において、
i行2×s-1列目のメモリセルとi行2×s列目のメモリセルは、
i行s列目の第1配線と電気的に接続され、
前記i行2×s-1列目のメモリセルは、
前記i行2×s-1列目の第2配線、2×s-1列目の第3配線、2×s-1列目の第4配線、および2×s-1列目の第5配線と電気的に接続され、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線は、
前記複数の第1回路のいずれか一と電気的に接続される記憶装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記i行2×s-1列目のメモリセルは、第1トランジスタと、第2トランジスタと、容量と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記第2トランジスタのゲートおよび前記容量の一方の電極と電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの他方は、前記第1配線と電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタのゲートは、前記第3配線と電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記第4配線と電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタのソースまたはドレインの他方は、前記第2配線と電気的に接続され、
前記容量の他方の電極は前記第5配線と電気的に接続されている記憶装置。 - 請求項1または請求項2において、
前記機能層は複数の第2回路を有し、
前記第1配線と前記第2配線は、
前記複数の第2回路のいずれか一を介して前記第1回路と電気的に接続する記憶装置。
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