JP7169354B2 - 変性y型分子篩及び製造方法、水素化分解触媒及び製造方法、並びに、炭化水素油の水素化分解方法 - Google Patents
変性y型分子篩及び製造方法、水素化分解触媒及び製造方法、並びに、炭化水素油の水素化分解方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7169354B2 JP7169354B2 JP2020529328A JP2020529328A JP7169354B2 JP 7169354 B2 JP7169354 B2 JP 7169354B2 JP 2020529328 A JP2020529328 A JP 2020529328A JP 2020529328 A JP2020529328 A JP 2020529328A JP 7169354 B2 JP7169354 B2 JP 7169354B2
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- molecular sieve
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- dealumination
- hydrocracking
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 title claims description 247
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 247
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 31
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- GDCCFQMGFUZVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-2h-pyridine Chemical compound CCCCN1CC=CC=C1 GDCCFQMGFUZVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 19
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 benzyl quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical group [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940104869 fluorosilicate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UDYGXWPMSJPFDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tributyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UDYGXWPMSJPFDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011959 amorphous silica alumina Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tributyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VJGNLOIQCWLBJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- OSPKGDDLQQVQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tripropyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OSPKGDDLQQVQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- YTRIOKYQEVFKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(tripropyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YTRIOKYQEVFKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 40
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002156 adsorbate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011949 advanced processing technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002795 fluorescence method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LXPCOISGJFXEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxifentorex Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C[N+](C)([O-])C(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 LXPCOISGJFXEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/08—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y
- B01J29/16—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J29/16—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- B01J29/10—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/14—Iron group metals or copper
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- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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Description
NaY分子篩を前処理して、脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(1)と、
前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩をナトリウムイオン交換して、ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を得るステップ(2)と、
前記ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を大分子アンモニウム塩溶液で浸漬処理し、次に乾燥、焙焼をして、変性Y型分子篩を得るステップ(3)と、を含む。
NaY分子篩とアンモニウム塩水溶液とをアンモニウムイオン交換反応して、脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(a)と、
前記脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を水熱脱アルミニウムして、水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を得るステップ(b)と、
前記水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を化学的脱アルミニウムして、前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(c)と、を含み、
前記化学的脱アルミニウムは、アルミニウム塩による脱アルミニウム、フルオロケイ酸塩による脱アルミニウム、又は酸による脱アルミニウムを含む。
本発明の変性Y型分子篩、アモルファスシリカ-アルミナ及び/又は酸化アルミニウムを、(5~90):(0~50):(0.6~80)の重量比で混合して担体混合材料とし、次に、前記担体混合材料に質量百分率3~30重量%の硝酸水溶液を加えてスラリーとし、押出成形を行うステップ(I)と、
ステップ(I)で得た押出生成物を80~120℃で1~5h乾燥させ、次に400~500℃で1~5h焙焼し、シリカ-アルミナ担体を得るステップ(II)と、
前記シリカ/アルミナ担体を、水素化活性金属を含有する溶液において飽和浸漬して、得た生成物を乾燥させて焙焼し、水素化分解触媒を得るステップ(III)と、を含む。
細く粉砕された(粒度200メッシュ未満)サンプル20mgを直径20mmのシートにプレスし、吸収セルのサンプルホルダーにセットし、サンプル(シート状)200mgを石英バネの下端にあるカップ(サンプルを添加する前にバネの長さを記録、x 1 、mm)に投入し、吸収セルと吸着管を接続して、真空吸引して浄化し、真空度が4×10 -2 Paとなると、500℃に昇温して1h保温し、それによりサンプルの表面の吸着物を除去する(このとき、サンプル浄化後のバネ長さ、x 2 、mm)。次に室温に降温し、ピリジン(又はn-ブチルピリジン)を飽和まで吸着させ、次に160℃に昇温して、1時間平衡化し、物理的に吸着させたピリジンを脱着させ(このとき、ピリジン吸着後のバネ長さ、x 3 、mm)、ピリジン(又はn-ブチルピリジン)重量吸着法によって全酸量を求めた。
全酸量は、ピリジン重量吸着法により計算され、具体的には、以下のとおりである。
NaY分子篩を前処理して、脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(1)と、
前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩をナトリウムイオン交換して、ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を得るステップ(2)と、
前記ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を大分子アンモニウム塩溶液で浸漬処理し、次に乾燥、焙焼をして、変性Y型分子篩を得るステップ(3)と、を含む。
NaY分子篩とアンモニウム塩水溶液とをアンモニウムイオン交換反応して、脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(a)と、
前記脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を水熱脱アルミニウムして、水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を得るステップ(b)と、
前記水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を化学的脱アルミニウムして、前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(c)と、を含み、
前記化学的脱アルミニウムは、アルミニウム塩による脱アルミニウム、フルオロケイ酸塩による脱アルミニウム、又は酸による脱アルミニウムである。
本発明の変性Y型分子篩、アモルファスシリカ-アルミナ及び/又は酸化アルミニウムを、(5~90):(0~50):(0.6~80)の重量比で混合して担体混合材料とし、次に、前記担体混合材料に質量百分率3~30重量%の硝酸水溶液を加えてスラリーとし、押出成形を行うステップ(I)と、
ステップ(I)で得た押出生成物を80~120℃で1~5h乾燥させ、次に400~500℃で1~5h焙焼し、シリカ-アルミナ担体を得るステップ(II)と、
前記シリカ/アルミナ担体を、水素化活性金属を含有する溶液において飽和浸漬して、得た生成物を乾燥させて焙焼し、水素化分解触媒を得るステップ(III)と、を含む。
以下の実施例及び比較例では、ピリジン、n-ブチルピリジン赤外分光法による酸量は、ピリジン、n-ブチルピリジン吸着赤外分光法により、米国NICOLET社製のNicolet 6700フーリエ赤外分光計方法を用いて測定され、そのプロセスは、以下のとおりである。
分子篩中のNa 2 O含有量、分子篩SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 モル比は蛍光法により測定され、
分子篩の格子定数、相対結晶化度は、XRD方法により測定され、機器としてRigaku Dmax-2500 X線回折計を用い、Cukα放射、グラファイト単結晶フィルター、操作チューブの電圧35KV、チューブ電流40mA、走査速度(2θ)2°/min、走査範囲4°~35°を用いる。標準試料は本発明の実施例1で使用されるY型分子篩原粉である。
d:密度(15.6℃)
T:絶対温度Kで表される平均沸点。
(1)NaY型分子篩原粉(Na 2 O含有量 10重量%、SiO 2 /Al 2 O 3 モル比 5.0)を、濃度1.0mol/Lの硝酸アンモニウムと、3:1の液固比で混合し、70℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を3h行い、このプロセスを3回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.5重量%であった。
(1)NaY分子篩原粉を、濃度2.0mol/Lの塩化アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、80℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を2h行い、このプロセスを1回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.7重量%であった。
(1)NaY分子篩原粉を濃度3.0mol/Lの硫酸アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、80℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を2h行い、このプロセスを1回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.3重量%であった。
(1)NaY型分子篩原粉を濃度0.5mol/Lの硝酸アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、70℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を3h行い、このプロセスを3回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.5重量%であった。
(1)NaY型分子篩原粉を濃度0.5mol/Lの硝酸アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、70℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を3h行い、このプロセスを3回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.5重量%であった。
(1)NaY型分子篩原粉を濃度0.5mol/Lの硝酸アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、70℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を3h行い、このプロセスを3回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.5重量%であった。
(1)NaY型分子篩原粉200gを濃度0.5mol/Lの硝酸アンモニウムと3:1の液固比で混合し、70℃でアンモニウムイオン交換を3h行い、このプロセスを3回繰り返し、得た脱ナトリウムY型分子篩には、Na 2 O含有量は2.5重量%であった。
実施例1~4及び比較例1~3で製造した変性Y型分子篩を用いて水素化分解触媒を製造し、触媒の成分組成を表2に示した。
触媒C-1~C-4及びBC-1~BC-3を小型マイクロ反応装置(米国xytel社製の100ml小型評価装置)において評価試験を行い、評価装置には、1段直列式ワンパスプロセスが使用され、第1反応器には従来の精製触媒が充填され、第2反応器には表2の水素化分解触媒が充填され、反応原料油の特性を表3、評価結果を表4~表5に示した。
Claims (18)
- 変性Y型分子篩であって、
前記変性Y型分子篩の全量を基準として、前記変性Y型分子篩は、Na2O 0.5~2重量%を含有し、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量と前記変性Y型分子篩のn-ブチルピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量との比が1~1.2であり、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量は0.1~1.2mmol/gである、ことを特徴とする変性Y型分子篩。 - 前記変性Y型分子篩の全量を基準として、前記変性Y型分子篩は、Na2O 0.8~1.8重量%を含有し、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量と前記変性Y型分子篩のn-ブチルピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量との比が1.02~1.15であり、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量は0.2~1mmol/gである、請求項1に記載の変性Y型分子篩。
- 前記変性Y型分子篩の全量を基準として、前記変性Y型分子篩は、Na2O 1~1.5重量%を含有し、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量と前記変性Y型分子篩のn-ブチルピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量との比が1.05~1.12であり、前記変性Y型分子篩のピリジン赤外分光法による全酸量は0.3~0.8mmol/gである、請求項2に記載の変性Y型分子篩。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の変性Y型分子篩の製造方法であって、
NaY分子篩を前処理して、脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(1)と、
前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩をナトリウムイオン交換して、ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を得るステップ(2)と、
前記ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を大分子アンモニウム塩溶液で浸漬処理し、次に乾燥、焙焼をして、変性Y型分子篩を得るステップ(3)と、を含む、ことを特徴とする製造方法。 - ステップ(2)では、前記ナトリウムイオン交換のプロセスは、前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を、40~80℃で、NaNO3の質量百分率が0.1~3重量%であるNaNO3水溶液と1~4h恒温反応させることである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ステップ(3)では、前記浸漬処理のプロセスは、40~80℃で、前記ナトリウム含有Y型分子篩を、前記大分子アンモニウム塩溶液において2~6h浸漬することであり、前記大分子アンモニウム塩がベンジル四級アンモニウム塩である、請求項4又は5に記載の方法。
- 前記ベンジル四級アンモニウム塩は、臭化ベンジルトリプロピルアンモニウム、臭化ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウム、塩化ベンジルトリプロピルアンモニウム、及び塩化ベンジルトリブチルアンモニウムのうちの少なくとも1種である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- ステップ(3)では、前記乾燥プロセスは、100~150℃で1~4h乾燥することであり、前記焙焼プロセスは、500~700℃で2~6h焙焼処理することである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ステップ(1)では、前記前処理プロセスは、アンモニウムイオン交換、水熱脱アルミニウム、アルミニウム塩による脱アルミニウム、フルオロケイ酸塩による脱アルミニウム、及び酸による脱アルミニウムのうちの1つ又は複数の組み合わせを含む、請求項4~8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ステップ(1)では、前記前処理プロセスは、
NaY分子篩とアンモニウム塩水溶液とをアンモニウムイオン交換反応して、脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(a)と、
前記脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を水熱脱アルミニウムして、水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を得るステップ(b)と、
前記水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を化学的脱アルミニウムして、前記脱ナトリウム・脱アルミニウムY型分子篩を得るステップ(c)と、を含み、
前記化学的脱アルミニウムは、アルミニウム塩による脱アルミニウム、フルオロケイ酸塩による脱アルミニウム、又は酸による脱アルミニウムである、請求項9に記載の方法。 - ステップ(a)では、前記アンモニウム塩イオン交換反応のプロセスは、NaY分子篩とアンモニウム塩水溶液とを、60~120℃で、1~4回、1~3h交換させ、Na2O含有量が3重量%未満の前記脱ナトリウムY型分子篩を得ることであり、
NaY分子篩は、SiO2/Al2O3モル比(3~6):1、Na2O含有量6~12重量%であり、アンモニウム塩は、塩化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、硫酸アンモニウム、酢酸アンモニウム、及びシュウ酸アンモニウムから選ばれる1種又は複数種であり、前記アンモニウム塩水溶液のモル濃度は0.3~6mol/Lである、請求項10に記載の方法。 - ステップ(b)では、前記水熱脱アルミニウムのプロセスは、前記脱ナトリウムY型分子篩と水蒸気とを、温度520~700℃、圧力0.01~0.5MPaの条件で1~6h接触させることである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- ステップ(c)では、前記化学的脱アルミニウムのプロセスは、前記水熱脱アルミニウムの生成物を、アルミニウム塩溶液、フルオロケイ酸アンモニウム溶液又は硝酸溶液と、50~120℃の温度で0.5~3h恒温反応させることである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 水素化分解触媒の製造方法であって、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の変性Y型分子篩、アモルファスシリカ-アルミナ及び/又は酸化アルミニウムを、(5~90):(0~50):(0.6~80)の重量比で混合して担体混合材料とし、次に、前記担体混合材料に質量百分率3~30重量%の硝酸水溶液を加えてスラリーとし、押出成形を行うステップ(I)と、
ステップ(I)で得た押出生成物を80~120℃で1~5h乾燥させ、次に400~500℃で1~5h焙焼し、シリカ-アルミナ担体を得るステップ(II)と、
前記シリカ-アルミナ担体を、水素化活性金属を含有する溶液において飽和浸漬して、得た生成物を乾燥させて焙焼し、水素化分解触媒を得るステップ(III)と、を含む水素化分解触媒の製造方法。 - 水素化分解触媒が、シリカ-アルミナ担体と、水素化活性金属とを含み、前記水素化分解触媒の全量を基準として、前記シリカ-アルミナ担体の含有量は55~85重量%であり、前記水素化活性金属の含有量は金属酸化物で15~45重量%であり、前記シリカ-アルミナ担体は、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の変性Y型分子篩を含有し、前記シリカ-アルミナ担体における前記変性Y型分子篩の含有量が5~90重量%である、請求項14に記載の製造方法。
- 前記水素化活性金属は、第VIII族及び/又は第VI族から選ばれる金属であり、
前記第VIII族金属はNi及び/又はCoであり、第VI族金属はW及び/又はMoである、請求項15に記載の製造方法。 - 前記触媒の全量を基準として、前記水素化分解触媒は、金属酸化物で、前記第VIII族金属3~15重量%、前記第VI族金属10~40重量%を含む、請求項16に記載の製造方法。
- 炭化水素油の水素化分解方法であって、
請求項15~17のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法を行い、水素化分解触媒を製造するステップ、及び、
水素ガス存在下、炭化水素油を、前記ステップで製造された水素化分解触媒と接触させて水素化分解反応させるステップを含み、反応温度は340~420℃であり、反応圧力は8~20MPaであり、前記炭化水素油の供給時の体積空間速度は0.1~2h-1であり、水素ガスと前記炭化水素油との体積比は(200~2000):1である、炭化水素油の水素化分解方法。
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