JP6302468B2 - 酸化還元対としての高分子量化合物と電気エネルギーを貯蔵するための半透性の膜とを含むレドックスフローセル - Google Patents
酸化還元対としての高分子量化合物と電気エネルギーを貯蔵するための半透性の膜とを含むレドックスフローセル Download PDFInfo
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Description
・アノードスペースとカソードスペースとの分離
・高分子量の酸化還元活性成分の保持
・電荷の等化、すなわち伝導性塩のアニオンおよびカチオンの等化に役立つ電解質の伝導性塩の透過性
を有する膜を指す。
本発明に従って使用されるサイズ排除膜の厚さは、広範囲に変更が可能である。典型的な厚さは、1μmから5mmであり、特に好ましくは10μmから200μmの範囲である。
特に好ましくは、酸化還元活性成分として、窒素酸化物ラジカル、ベルダジルラジカルもしくはニトロニルニトロキシドラジカル、ビオロゲンまたはキノンを形成する基を含有するポリマーを使用することである。
・電極、例えばグラファイト、グラファイト製不織布、グラファイトペーパー、カーボンナノチューブ製のカーペットまたはグラフェンで作製された電極、
・導電線、例えばグラファイトまたは金属で作製された導電線、
・溶解した伝導性塩を含有する電解質;これらは、液体の酸化還元活性ポリマーであってもよいし、または酸化還元活性ポリマーと電解質溶媒とで構成される溶液、乳濁液または懸濁液であってもよく、
・電解質溶媒の例は、水、または例えばアセトニトリル、有機カーボネート、アルコール、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジクロロメタン、ニトロメタン、テトラヒドロフランなどの有機溶媒であり、好ましくは水、アセトニトリル、および有機カーボネートであり、
・伝導性電解質塩の例は、PF6、BF4、SbF6、AsF6、ClO4、CF3SO3、SO2C2F5、C4F9SO3、(CF3SO3)N2、OH、SO4、F、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択されるアニオンを含有する塩であり、さらにはH、アルカリ金属カチオンおよびアルカリ土類金属カチオン、ならびに置換または非置換のアンモニウムカチオンからなる群より選択されるカチオンを含有する塩も挙げられ、
・酸化還元活性成分の輸送および貯蔵のための、例えばポンプなど、またはタンクおよびパイプなどの輸送手段。
・溶解した伝導性塩に加えて電解質添加剤をさらに含有する電解質、
・電解質添加剤の例は、界面活性剤、粘度調整剤、殺虫剤、緩衝液、安定剤、触媒、導電性添加剤、不凍液、熱安定剤である。
本発明のレドックスフローセルは、それ自体公知の方式で、連続して、または平行して互いに連結されていてもよい。
レドックスフローセルは、中空のテフロンを本体として生産された2つの構造的に同一な半分のセル(1)および(2)からなり、半分のセル(1)はアノライトチャンバーとして作用し、半分のセル(2)はカソライトチャンバーとして作用する。
それぞれの半分のセル(1、2)は流入ポート(4)および流出ポート(5)を有しており、これらのポートを介して、半分のセル(1、2)はぞれぞれ、半分のセル(1)または(2)に対応するアノライトまたはカソライトを含有する貯蔵容器(液体貯蔵部)のそれぞれ(明確にするために図面に示さず)にホースにより合体している。
3 サイズ排除膜
4 流入ポート
5 流出ポート
6 導電線
Claims (14)
- それぞれ液体貯蔵部に連結され、イオン交換のための膜で分離された、カソライトおよびアノライトのための2つの極固有のチャンバー(1、2)を有する反応セルを含有する電気エネルギーを貯蔵するためのレドックスフローセルであって、ここで各チャンバー(1、2)は、電解質溶媒中に溶解した状態で存在する酸化還元活性成分で充填されており、そこに伝導性塩と場合によりさらなる添加剤とが溶解しており、ここで酸化還元活性成分として高分子量の有機材料が提供され、高分子量の有機材料は500g/molから500000g/molの間の平均モル質量(数平均)を有するオリゴマーまたはポリマーであり、サイズ排除膜(3)は、溶解した状態で存在する高分子量の酸化還元活性成分を分離するための膜として提供されることを特徴とする、上記レドックスフローセル。
- 各チャンバー(1、2)が、水もしくは有機溶媒中に溶解した状態で存在する酸化還元活性成分で充填されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜として、半透性の膜が提供されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜として、透析膜が提供されることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜が、少なくとも500g/molの選択性を有し、高分子量の酸化還元活性成分が、550g/molより大きいかまたはそれに等しい対応するモル質量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜が、プラスチック、セラミック、ガラス、金属、複合材料もしくはシート状の布地構造またはそれらの組み合わせからなることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜が、有機材料からなる、請求項1または2に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- サイズ排除膜の厚さが、1μmから5mmの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- 酸化還元活性成分として、窒素酸化物ラジカル、ベルダジルラジカルもしくはニトロニルニトロキシドラジカルを形成する基、ビオロゲンまたはキノンを含有するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- 酸化還元活性成分として、ポリメタクリレート、ポリアクリレート、ポリスチレン、ポリアルキレングリコール、およびポリビニルエーテルからなる群より選択されるポリマー主鎖を有し、このポリマー主鎖に共有結合した窒素酸化物ラジカル、ベルダジルラジカルもしくはニトロニルニトロキシドラジカルを形成する基、ビオロゲン、およびキノンからなる群より選択される酸化還元活性成分を有するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- 酸化還元活性成分として、直鎖状ポリマー、分岐状ポリマー、櫛形もしくは星形ポリマー、デンドリマー、導電性ポリマー、環状ポリマー、ポリカテナンまたはポリロタキサンとして存在するポリマーが使用されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- 使用される電解質の粘度が、プレート/プレート型の回転式粘度計を使用して、25℃で測定した場合、1mPasから106mPasの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセル。
- 陸上の乗り物、飛行機、および水上の乗り物用のエレクトロモビリティ用に電気エネルギーを貯蔵するための、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセルの使用。
- 非常時の電力供給もしくはピーク負荷の平準化のためのエネルギー貯蔵のための、または再生可能エネルギー源からの電気エネルギーの一時貯蔵のための、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のレドックスフローセルの使用。
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DE102012016317.7 | 2012-08-14 | ||
PCT/EP2013/002206 WO2014026728A1 (de) | 2012-08-14 | 2013-07-25 | Redox-flow-zelle mit hochmolekularen verbindungen als redoxpaar und|semipermeabler membran zur speicherung elektrischer energie |
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US10239978B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Redox active colloidal particles for flow batteries |
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DE102015010083A1 (de) | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-09 | Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena | Redox-Flow-Zelle zur Speicherung elektrischer Energie und deren Verwendung |
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WO2017151647A1 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Materials for flow battery energy storage and methods of using |
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