JP5904688B2 - 共生乳酸産生細菌およびその使用 - Google Patents
共生乳酸産生細菌およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5904688B2 JP5904688B2 JP2000565902A JP2000565902A JP5904688B2 JP 5904688 B2 JP5904688 B2 JP 5904688B2 JP 2000565902 A JP2000565902 A JP 2000565902A JP 2000565902 A JP2000565902 A JP 2000565902A JP 5904688 B2 JP5904688 B2 JP 5904688B2
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- bacillus coagulans
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Description
本発明は、治療組成物における共生生物の利用のための方法および組成物に関する。より詳細には、本発明は、乳酸産生細菌(好ましくは、Bacillus coagulans株)の1つ以上の種または株の、胃腸管病原体(抗生物質耐性胃腸管病原体を含む)ならびにその関連疾患の制御のための利用に関し、この制御は、その抗生物質耐性病原体のコロニー形成の速度の減少、およびそのコロニー形成の有害な生理学的効果の重篤度の減少の両方による。さらに、本発明は、乳酸産生細菌および抗微生物剤(例えば、抗生物質、抗真菌化合物、抗酵母化合物、または抗ウイルス化合物)から構成される、治療化合物の利用に関する。さらに、本発明は、動物において乳酸産生細菌を使用して、胃腸管病原体を緩和することに関する。
(1.共生微生物)
胃腸の微生物叢は、胃腸管機能および全体の生理学的健康を維持するのに、多くの重要な役割を果たすことが示されている。例えば、胃腸管に存在する多くの個々の細菌種の増殖および代謝は、それらが利用し得る基質に主に依存し、その基質のほとんどは、食餌に由来する。例えば、Gibson G.R.ら、1995、Gastroenterology 106:975〜982;Christl,S.U.ら、1992、Gut 33:1234〜1238を参照のこと。これらの知見は、この共同体の構造および代謝活性を、食餌(生きた微生物食物補助剤である共生生物を主に用いて)を通じて改変する試みをもたらした。公知の最良の共生生物は、乳酸産生細菌(すなわち、Lactobacilli)およびBifidobacteriaであり、これらは、ヨーグルトおよび他の乳製品において広く利用されている。これらの共生生物は、非病原性でありかつ非毒素原性であり、貯蔵の間に生存能力を保持し、そして胃および小腸を通じる通路で生存する。共生生物は宿主において永続的にはコロニー形成しないので、これらはいかなる健康促進特性も存続するように、規則的に摂取される必要がある。市販の共生生物調製物は、一般的に、LactobacilliおよびBifidobacteriaの混合物から構成されるが、酵母(例えば、Saccharomyces)もまた利用されている。
抗生物質は、ヒトおよび動物の両方において、病原性微生物を制御するために広く使用される。不運にも、抗微生物剤(特に広いスペクトルの抗生物質)の広範な使用が、多数の深刻な臨床結果を生じた。例えば、抗生物質は、消化機能および健康に寄与する、胃腸管内の有益な非病原性微生物(例えば、微生物叢)をしばしば殺傷する。従って、再発(感染の回帰およびその関連症状)および二次的日和見感染が、乳酸産生微生物叢および胃腸管内の他の有益な微生物叢の枯渇からしばしば生じる。
本発明は、抗生物質耐性の乳酸産性細菌株を、種々の型の治療適用における利用のために、選択的に育種および単離するための方法論を開示する。例えば、1つの具体的な実施態様において、これらの乳酸産性細菌が、1つ以上の抗微生物化合物(例えば、抗生物質、抗真菌化合物、抗ウイルス化合物など)とともに同時投与される。ほとんどの臨床分野および科学分野において、抗生物質耐性微生物の産生または進化は、抗生物質化合物の不必要な支給および/または不適切な使用の望まれない結果である。しかし、本発明は、単一の(複数とは対照的に)抗生物質に対する耐性を保有する細菌を構築的に産生するように作用する。
一般的かつ抗生物質耐性の消化病原体が、抗生物質治療の間に胃腸管において生存可能なままである能力について同定された特定の共生生物の利用によって制御され得ることが、示されている。しかし、本発明の開示の前に、共生細菌のほとんどの株(例えば、Lactobacillus、Bifidobacterium、およびBacillus)が、大多数の抗生物質に対して感受性であることが見出された。従って、それらは、広いスペクトルの抗生物質とともに同時投与するには特に適切ではなかった。
さらに本明細書中で開示されるのは、特定の乳酸産生細菌(例えば、Bacillus coagulans)が、胃腸細菌感染(特に、Enterococcus、Clostridium、Escherichia、およびStaphylococcus種のような抗生物質耐性病原体に関連する感染)を予防し、そしてその感染のコロニー形成率を減少させる際、ならびにその病原体による感染の有害な生理学的効果を緩和する際に、阻害活性を示す能力を保有するという新規な発見を利用する、処置の組成物ならびに方法である。例外的に、丈夫な(hardy)コーティングまたは腸溶性コーティングされた乳酸産性細菌が、好ましく使用され、芽胞形成Bacillus種(特に、Bacilus coagulans)が好ましい実施態様である。本発明はまた、種々の病原性細菌の胃腸管感染(特に、抗生物質耐性病原体に関係する感染)の処置および/または予防のための、治療組成物、治療系、および使用の方法を開示する。
現在、動物の腸管にコロニー形成する寄生生物および病原体が、共生乳酸産生細菌の使用と組み合わせた珪藻土の使用によって阻害および/または制御され得ることが実証されている。
他に定義しない限り、本明細書において使用する全ての科学用語および技術用語は、関連する分野の当業者によって一般に理解されるものと同一の意味を有する。他に言及しない限り、本明細書において使用されるか、または意図される技術は、当業者に周知の標準的な方法論である。実施態様の実施例は、例示のみのためである。
抗生物質は、ヒトおよび動物の両方において、病原性微生物を制御するために、広範に使用される。不運なことに、これら薬剤の無差別的な使用は、複数の抗生物質に対する耐性を頻繁に示す病原性細菌の生成をもたらす。さらに、抗生物質の投与は、しばしば、「正常な」胃腸機能(例えば、消化、吸収、ビタミン産生など)に寄与する、胃腸管内の多くの有益な微生物(すなわち、微生物叢)の死滅を生じる。従って、再発(感染およびその関連する症状の復帰)および二次的な日和見感染は、しばしば、胃腸管内のLactobacillusおよび他の型の有利な微生物叢の枯渇より生じる。不運なことに、全てではないにしても、ほとんどの乳酸産生細菌または共生細菌は、一般的な抗生物質化合物に対して、非常に感受性である。従って、抗生物質治療の通常の治療の経過において、多くの個体が、多数の有害な生理学的副作用(下痢、腸痙攣、および時として便秘症を含む)を発症する。これらの副作用は、おもに、抗生物質の非選択的作用に起因する。なぜなら、抗生物質は、有益な細菌と病原性細菌とを区別する能力を有さないからである。従って、病原性細菌および非病原性細菌の両方が、これら薬剤によって、死滅する。
抗生物質および選択された抗生物質に耐性である適切な微生物を含む生体合理的治療は、抗生物質の全体的な治療効力を増強し(この抗生物質が消化管病原体を制御する目的のために使用される場合)、そして内因性乳酸産生細菌の再樹立を促し、かつ病原性微生物の同時増殖を抑制する胃腸管の環境を提供することを補助する両方のために働く。
Bacillus coagulansのグラム陽性桿状体は、パラ芽胞(parasporal)結晶産生を伴わず、芽胞嚢の可変性の肥大を伴い、1.0μmより大きい細胞直径を有する。Bacillus coagulansは、非病原性、グラム陽性、芽胞形成細菌であり、ホモ発酵条件下でL(+)乳酸(右旋性)を産生する。これは、栄養培地中に播種された熱処理した土壌サンプルのような、天然の供給源から単離されている(例えば、Bergey’s Manual of Systemic Bacteriology、第2巻、Sneath,P.H.Aら編、Williams & Wilkins,Baltimore,MD,1986を参照のこと)。精製されたBacillus coagulans株は、以下を含む酵素の供給源として役立ってきた:エンドヌクレアーゼ(例えば、米国特許第5,200,336号);アミラーゼ(米国特許第4,980,180号);ラクターゼ(米国特許第4,323,651号)およびシクロ−マルト−デキストリングルカノ−トランスフェラーゼ(米国特許第5,102,800号)。Bacillus coagulansはまた、乳酸を生成するために利用されている(米国特許第5,079,164号)。Bacillus coagulansのある株(Lactobacillus sporogenesとしても称される;SakagutiおよびNakayama,ATCC番号31284)は、他の乳酸産生細菌およびBacillus nattoと組み合せられ、蒸した大豆から発酵食品を生産する(米国特許第4,110,477号)。Bacillus coagulans株はまた、家禽および家畜の動物飼料添加物として、疾患を減少し、そして飼料利用を改善し、従って動物の成長率を増加するために、使用されている(国際PCT特許出願番号WO 9314187および同WO9411492)。特に、Bacillus coagulans株は、一般の栄養補給剤および栄養剤として、ヒトおよび動物において便秘および下痢を制御するために使用されている。
Bacillus coagulansは、好気性および通性であり、そして代表的には、2重量%までのNaClを含有する栄養ブロス中でpH5.7〜6.8で培養されるが、増殖のためにはNaClもKClも必要とされない。芽胞形成(すなわち、芽胞の形成)の開始のためには、約4.0〜約7.5のpHが最適である。この細菌は、30℃〜45℃にて最適に増殖され、そしてこの芽胞は、低温殺菌に耐え得る。さらに、この細菌は、窒素源または硫酸源を利用することによる、通性および従属栄養性の増殖を示す。Bacillus coagulansの代謝特性を図1にまとめる。
あるいは、乾燥したBacillus coagulans Hammer細菌(ATCC番号31284)芽胞の培養物を以下の通りに調製した。約1×107芽胞を、以下を含有する1リットルの培養培地に接種した:24g(重量/容量)のジャガイモデキストロースブロス;家禽および魚の組織の酵素消化物10g;5gのフルクトオリゴサッカライド(FOS);ならびに10g MnSO4。この培養物を、高酸素環境下で72時間、37℃にて保持して、約15×1010細胞/培養物のグラムを有する培養物を産生するようにした。次いでこの培養物を濾過して液体の培養培地を除去し、そして得られる細菌ペレットを水に再懸濁し、そして凍結乾燥した。凍結乾燥した細菌を、標準的な良好な製造実施(GMP)方法論を利用して、微細な「粉末」へと粉砕した。
本発明の主な焦点は、栄養細胞または芽胞の形態の乳酸産生共生細菌の利用にあるが、さらなる実施態様は、細菌、真菌、酵母およびウイルスならびにそれらの組み合わせによって引き起こされる感染の予防および/または制御のために、Bacillus coagulans株の培養物の上清または濾液を含む細胞外産物を利用する。Bacillus coagulansの細胞外産物もまた、乳児に補給されるべき食物および液体のような組成物中に含まれ得る。
本明細書中で命名したようなビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドは、本発明の乳酸産生細菌の増殖を優先的に促進するために特に有用なあるクラスの炭水化物である。これらのオリゴサッカライドとしては以下が挙げられるがこれらに限定されない:フルクトオリゴサッカライド(FOS);グルコオリゴサッカライド(GOS);フルクトースおよび/またはグルコースの他の長鎖のオリゴサッカライドポリマー;ならびに三糖(ラフィノース)。これらの上記の炭水化物は全て、病原性細菌によっては容易に消化されない。従って、乳酸産生細菌の優先的な増殖は、このクラスの細菌の栄養要求に起因した、これらのビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドの利用により、病原性細菌と比較して促進される。
珪藻土は、寄託物の供給源および寄託物中に存在する珪藻類の成分種に依存して、代表的に組成が比較的均質である、珪藻類として公知の単細胞水生植物の骨格残存物である。珪藻土は、種に依存して特有の、シリカ含量、形態学的状態、および約5〜20ミクロン(μm)の直径の平均サイズを有すると特徴付けられる。
以前に考察したように、本発明は、同時に投与される生体合理剤(biorational agent)として使用されるべき乳酸産生細菌の抗生物質耐性株を、選択、単離および培養するための方法論を開示する。これらの実施態様は、以下によって内含され得る:(i)減少した抗生物質感受性、または好ましくは抗生物質耐性の発達を促進するために、共生細菌(これは、最初に選り抜きの抗生物質に対して感受性であり得る)を漸増濃度の選り抜きの抗生物質中で選択的に培養すること;(ii)抗生物質感受性細菌株に対して抗生物質耐性を付与するために、「接合性トランスポゾン」(すなわち、プラスミドの媒介を伴わない耐性遺伝子の直接転移を可能にするDNA配列)を利用すること;および(iii)標準的組換えDNAに基づく技術によって生成される、選り抜きの抗生物質に対する耐性を付与する遺伝子を保有するプラスミド(すなわち、しばしば、天然で抗生物質耐性遺伝子を保有する、小さな、非染色体性の自律複製する、環状のDNA)を利用すること。
細菌、真菌性および酵母の病原体の多くの種が、以下を含むがこれらに限定されない種々の胃腸障害を引き起こす能力を保有することが臨床的に充分に実証されている:正常な胃腸生化学的機能の破壊、生化学機能、胃腸組織の壊死および栄養の生体吸収(bioabsorption)の破壊などのような状態。それゆえ、これらの病原体を阻害する本発明の共生微生物含有組成物の利用は、これらの上記の病原体による感染に関連した状態の予防的なまたは治療的な処置において有用である。
Bacillus coagulansが種々の細菌病原体を阻害する能力は、インビトロアッセイの使用により定量的に確認された。このアッセイは、標準化された細菌病原体スクリーニング(U.S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)により開発された)の一部であり、そして固体支持体ディスクで市販される(DIFCO(登録商標) BACTROL(登録商標)Antibiotic Disks)。このアッセイを実施するために、ジャガイモ−デキストロースプレート(DIFCO(登録商標))を、標準的手順を用いて最初に調製した。次いで、このプレートに、コンフルエントな細菌床を形成するように試験されるこの細菌(約1.5×106CFU)を個々に接種した。
Bacillus coagulansが、種々の真菌病原体を阻害する能力を、インビトロでのアッセイを用いて実証した。Trichophyton種の試験した真菌株は、American Type Culture Collection(ATCC;Rockville,Maryland)から入手可能であり、そしてそれらのATCC登録番号を、図2に例示する。
同様に、Bacillus coagulansが種々の酵母病原体を阻害する能力が、4種のCandidaについてインビトロで実証された。これらの全ては、American Type Culture Collection(ATCC;Rockville,Maryland)から入手可能であり、それらのATCC登録番号を図3に例示する。
(8.1:抗微生物剤を含有する治療化合物)
本明細書において、Bacillus coagulansが、共生種の好ましい例として利用されるが、すべての乳酸産生細菌に特有である共通の生理学的特徴によって、これらの乳酸産生細菌の他の種が本発明に開示される方法および/または治療組成物において効果的であり得ることに注目すべきである。本発明の治療組成物の好ましい例示的処方物が図4に示される。
本発明は、本明細書において開示される治療組成物または治療システムを用いる胃腸管細菌感染を処置、軽減または制御するための方法を意図する。開示された処置方法は、胃腸管感染に関連する病原性細菌の増殖を阻害するために、そして同時に、これらの病原性感染の有害な生理学的効果/徴候を緩和するために機能する。
いくつかの微生物種は、食物が原因の胃腸管感染(すなわち、細菌性胃腸炎)の大部分の病因として定量的に確認されてきた。ここで、Campylobacter jejuni媒介カンピロバクター感染症(46%)が、米国における細菌性胃腸炎の原因として最も通常に報告されており、罹患率として、これにSalmonella typhimurium媒介サルモネラ感染症(28%);細菌性下痢(17%);およびEscherichia coli O157感染(5%)が続く。さらに、種々のSalmonellaおよびShigella種が、Enterococciが、もともとStaphylococcus aureusから抗生物質耐性を獲得したのと同じ様式で、最終的に抗生物質(すなわち、メチシリン(Metacillin)またはバンコマイシン)耐性を獲得し得るという可能性が非常にある。
Campylobacter jejuni媒介胃腸炎の病態生理学は、宿主特異的因子および病原特異的因子の両方を含む。宿主の全般的健康度および年齢(例えば、Tauxe,R.V.「Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in the United States and other industrial nations」Campylobacter jejuni:current and future trends.第9〜13頁(Nachamkin,I.およびTompkins L.S.編;American Society for Microbiology;1992)を参照のこと)ならびに以前の曝露からのCampylobacter jejuni特異的体液性免疫(例えば、Blaser,M.J.ら、1987.JAMA 257:43〜46)を含むがこれらに限定されない因子が、感染後の臨床結果に影響する。
いくつかの慢性の胃腸管外の続発症は、Campylobacter jejuni媒介細菌性胃腸炎(例えば、ギヤン−バレー症候群およびライター症候群−活動型の関節症)と関連づけられる。
Campylobacter jejuniの抗微生物剤耐性株により引き起こされる、増加した割合のヒト感染により、キャンピロバクター症の症例の臨床的管理が明らかにより困難になっている。例えば、Murphy,G.S.ら,1996.Clin.Infect.Dis.22:568−569;Piddock,L.V.,1995.Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.36:891−898を参照のこと。以前に議論されたように、抗微生物薬剤耐性は、疾患を長引かせ得、そして菌血症を有する患者の処置に欠陥を生じ得る。興味深いことには、抗微生物剤耐性Campylobacter jejuni媒介腸感染の割合は、発展途上国で最も高く、そこでは、ヒトおよび動物における抗微生物薬剤の使用は比較的制限されている。例えば、1994年の研究において、タイランドの米軍由来のCampylobacter jejuniの大部分の臨床単離株が広域スペクトルの抗生物質であるシプロフロキサシンに耐性であることがわかった。同様に、Hat Yaiに駐留する米軍由来のCampylobacter jejuni単離株の約1/3がアジスロマイシンに耐性であることもまた分かった。例えば、Murphy,G.S.ら,1996.Clin.Infect.Dis.22:568−569を参照のこと。工業国では、広域スペクトルの抗生物質であるフルオロキノロンに耐性であることが分かったCampylobacter jejuni株の出現は、食用動物生産における抗生物質の使用については細心の注意が必要であることを示す。例えば、Piddock,L.V.,1995.Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.36:891−898を参照のこと。実験的証拠は、フルオロキノロン感受性のCampylobacter jejuniが、これらの薬物が投与される場合に家禽中で薬物耐性に容易になり得ることを実証する。例えば、Jacobs−Reitsma,W.F.ら,The induction of quinolone resistance in Campylobacter bacteria in broilers by quinolone treatment.(Campylobacter,Helicobacters,and related organisms.1996.(Newell,D.G.,Ketley,J.M.およびFeldman,R.A.,編、New York:Plenum Press)307〜11頁)を参照のこと。家禽におけるフルオロキノロンの使用が欧州で認可された後に、耐性Campylobacter jejuni株が、1990年代初頭の間にヒトにおいて急速に出現したことが示された。例えば、Piddock,L.V.,1995.Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.36:891−898を参照のこと。同様に、米国において家禽に対するフルオロキノロンの使用を1995に認可してから2年以内に、シプロフロキサン耐性キャンピロバクター症の、家畜から感染した(domestically−acquired)ヒト症例の数がミネソタで二倍になった。ミネソタで行われた1997年の研究では、食品雑貨店で購入した鶏肉から得られた、60のCampylobacter jejuni単離株の(20%)が、シプロフロキサン耐性であることがわかった。例えば、Smith,K.E.ら,Fluoroquinolone−resistant Campylobacter isolated from humans and poultry in Minnesota.1995.Program of the 1st International Conference on Emerging Infectious
Diseases;Mar 7−10,1998.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;Atlanta,GAを参照のこと。
現在の伝統的な治療モダリティーは、主に、キャンピロバクター症を有する患者の大部分に対する補助的手段(特に体液置換および電解質置換)を包含する。例えば、Blaser,M.J.,Campslobacter Species.(Principles and practice of infectious diseases.1990.1649−1658頁(Mandell,G.L.ら,Churchhill Livingstone))を参照のこと。重篤な脱水症状の患者は、速やかな静脈内液体の容量の増大を受けるべきであるが、大部分の他の患者については、経口的再水和が指示される。
種々の他の胃腸内病原体(いくつかは抗生物質耐性)が最近報告されている。これらの病原体は、本発明での予防または処置になじみやすい。
本発明はまた、動物の胃腸管中の寄生虫および/または病原生物の増殖を阻害するための方法に関する。この方法は、本発明の組成物を、動物の胃腸管に投与し、それによってその胃腸管にいる任意の寄生虫と、この組成物中の有効量の活性成分とを接触させる工程を包含する。
本発明は、動物の胃腸管および動物の糞便中の寄生虫および/または病原体の増殖を阻害するためのシステムをさらに企図する。このシステムは、ラベルおよび本発明に従う組成物を含む容器を含み、ここで上記のラベルは、病原体/寄生虫の増殖を阻害するための組成物の使用についての説明書を含む。
本発明の特定の実施態様の前述の詳細な説明から、胃腸管病原体およびそれらに関連する疾患を予防および処置するために乳酸産生細菌(好ましくは、Bacillus coagulans)を利用するための独自の方法論が記載されてきたことは容易に明らかである。特定の実施態様が本明細書中に詳細に開示されたが、これは、例示の目的のみのために例によって開示され、そして上記の添付された特許請求の範囲の範囲を制限することは意図されない。特に、種々の置換、改変、および変更が、特許請求の範囲により規定される発明の趣旨および範囲から逸脱することなく本発明に対して行われ得ることを、本発明者らは企図する。例えば、本発明の治療組成物において利用される特定の抗生物質の選択は、本明細書中に記載される実施態様の知見に基づいて、当業者にとって慣用的事項であると考えられる。
Claims (30)
- 病原性細菌によって引き起こされる胃腸感染の予防のための飲料組成物であって、該組成物は、ティーおよびBacillus coagulansの1以上の種または株を含み、ここで、該Bacillus coagulans細菌株は、該病原性細菌のコロニー形成率と、該コロニー形成に起因する潜在的な生理学的に有害な効果との両方を減少する能力を保持する、組成物。
- 前記Bacillus coagulansが、芽胞の形態である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜2のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、1日あたり10mg〜10gの濃度範囲にある該組成物の投与のためである、組成物。
- 1日あたり0.1g〜5gの範囲で投与するための、請求項3に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜2のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、1日あたり1×103〜1×104コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲の濃度のBacillus coagulansを投与するためのものである、組成物。
- 1日あたり1×105〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 1日あたり5×108〜1×109コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜2のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、ここで、予防されるべき前記感染は、成体内におけるものであり、かつ抗生物質耐性病原体によって引き起こされ、かつここで、該組成物は、1日あたり1×102〜1×1014コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲の濃度のBacillus coagulansの投与用である、組成物。
- 1日あたり1×108〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するための、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 1日あたり2.5×108〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するための、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 請求項8〜10のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、ここで、予防されるべき前記感染は、6ヶ月齢を超える幼児における乳児突然死症候群(SIDS)であり、かつ抗生物質耐性病原体によって引き起こされ、かつここで、該組成物は、1日あたり1×106〜1×109コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲にある濃度のBacillus coagulansの投与用である、組成物。
- 1日あたり5×104〜2.5×105コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するための、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 1日あたり1.5×105〜2×105コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するための、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜2のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物であって、ここで、該組成物は、1以上のビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドをさらに含み、ここで、該ビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドは、フルクト−オリゴサッカライド(FOS)、グルコ−オリゴサッカライド(GOS)、ラフィノース、および長鎖オリゴサッカライドからなる群より選択される、組成物。
- 請求項14に記載の組成物であって、ここで、該組成物は、1以上のビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドをさらに含み、かつここで、該ビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドは、フルクト−オリゴサッカライド(FOS)であり、かつここで、該組成物は、10mg/日〜20g/日の範囲の該ビフィドジェニックオリゴサッカライドの投与用である、組成物。
- 50mg/日〜10g/日の範囲で投与するための、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 150mg/日〜5g/日の範囲で投与するための、請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記病原性細菌が、抗生物質耐性病原性細菌である、請求項1または2のうちのいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 病原性細菌によって引き起こされる胃腸感染の予防のための飲料調製物の製造における、ティーおよびBacillus coagulansの1以上の種または株の使用であって、該Bacillus coagulans細菌株は、該病原性細菌のコロニー形成率と、該コロニー形成に起因する潜在的な生理学的に有害な効果との両方を減少する能力を保持する、使用。
- 前記Bacillus coagulansが、芽胞の形態である、請求項19に記載の使用。
- 請求項19または20に記載の使用であって、前記調製物は、1日あたり10mg〜10gの範囲で投与するためのものである、使用。
- 請求項21に記載の使用であって、前記調製物は、1日あたり0.1g〜5gの範囲で投与するためのものである、使用。
- 請求項19または20に記載の使用であって、前記調製物は、1日あたり1×103〜1×104コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲のBacillus coagulansを投与するためのものである、使用。
- 前記調製物が1日あたり1×105〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 前記調製物が1日あたり5×108〜1×109コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 請求項19〜20のうちのいずれか1項に記載の使用であって、前記調製物は、抗生物質耐性病原体によって引き起こされるヒト成体内での感染の予防用であり、該調製物は、1日あたり1×102〜1×1014コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲の濃度のBacillus coagulansの投与用である、使用。
- 前記調製物が、1日あたり1×108〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項26に記載の使用。
- 前記調製物が、1日あたり2.5×108〜1×1010コロニー形成単位(CFU)の生存芽胞の範囲で投与するためのものである、請求項26に記載の使用。
- 粉末の形態である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記ティーおよびBacillus coagulans細菌が粉末の形態で提供される、請求項19に記載の使用。
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US09/370,793 US6461607B1 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-08-05 | Probiotic, lactic acid-producing bacteria and uses thereof |
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PCT/US1999/017862 WO2000010582A2 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-08-06 | Probiotic, lactic acid-producing bacteria and uses thereof |
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WO2000010582A3 (en) | 2000-07-13 |
EP1107772A2 (en) | 2001-06-20 |
US20110020305A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
US20080233104A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
WO2000010582A8 (en) | 2001-05-25 |
JP2015061882A (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
US8697055B2 (en) | 2014-04-15 |
JP2002523372A (ja) | 2002-07-30 |
DE69930944T2 (de) | 2007-01-04 |
WO2000010582A2 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
US20110020306A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
ATE323503T1 (de) | 2006-05-15 |
US20120177620A1 (en) | 2012-07-12 |
US7708988B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
CA2341503C (en) | 2011-05-03 |
US20140242051A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
CA2341503A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
DE69930944D1 (de) | 2006-05-24 |
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