JP5872478B2 - Iii−v族半導体装置の導電性の改善 - Google Patents
Iii−v族半導体装置の導電性の改善 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5872478B2 JP5872478B2 JP2012540180A JP2012540180A JP5872478B2 JP 5872478 B2 JP5872478 B2 JP 5872478B2 JP 2012540180 A JP2012540180 A JP 2012540180A JP 2012540180 A JP2012540180 A JP 2012540180A JP 5872478 B2 JP5872478 B2 JP 5872478B2
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Description
トランジスタであって、
ゲート電極の下側の第1の半導体材料と、
前記ゲート電極の下側の第2の半導体材料であって、前記第1の半導体材料は、前記第2の半導体材料とは異なり、前記第2の半導体材料と接触し、ヘテロ接合が形成される、第2の半導体材料と、
当該トランジスタが活性のとき、キャリアが移動するソース電極からドレイン電極までの経路であって、前記第2の材料を含み、前記へテロ接合とは交差しない経路と、
を有するトランジスタが提供される。
ソースおよびドレイン電極の下側にある接触層/キャップ層/エッチング停止層/バリア層に存在する寄生抵抗に関する背景技術における記載を再度参照すると、図2には、これらの抵抗を大きく抑制するための、新しい装置構造200を示す。特に、図2の実施例では、バリア層209は、半導体スタック206において他の層と同一の幅で平坦化されてはいない。バリア層209の平坦な範囲を減少させることにより、ソース電極203およびドレイン電極204の下側に、単一層213(単純化のため、層「X」または材料「X」と称する)が使用され、この層は、図1の接触層/キャップ層/エッチング停止層/バリア層の構成において、エッチング停止層108およびバリア層109と有効に置換される。すなわち、図2の方法では、図1に見られるような接触層/キャップ層/エッチング停止層/バリア層の構成ではなく、ソース電極/ドレイン電極の下側に、接触層/キャップ層/X層の構成が存在する。
1)図1の方法に比べて、一つのヘテロ接合が除去される;
2)図1の方法に比べて、2つのヘテロ接合が除去される;
3)材料「X」は、図1のエッチング停止層107およびバリア層109の一方または両方よりも低い抵抗を有し得る。
1)キャップ層207およびチャネル層210に整合する格子により、キャップ/X接合およびX/チャネル接合にわたる結晶格子の不完全性に関連する寄生抵抗を抑制する;
2)少なくともバリア層材料209に比べて低いバンドギャップ(Eg)により、ソースおよびドレイン電極の下側のチャネル層210界面に存在するエネルギーバリアから生じる抵抗の寄与を抑制する。特に、前述の設計指針を満たすある実施例では、キャップ層207、X層213、チャネル層210の各々は、同じ材料で構成される(例えばインジウムガリウム砒素、InSb、GaAs)。
X層213の正確な材料組成を選定し、チャネル層210内部に歪みを発生させ、チャネル層210の移動度を高める。ここでも、インジウムガリウム砒素系を使用し、X層213およびチャネル層210の両方をインジウムガリウム砒素で構成することにより、X層213において、チャネル層210よりもインジウムの割合を大きくし、X層213において、チャネル層210よりも大きな格子定数を得ても良い。シリコン(Si)チャネル層210を有するHEMT装置の場合、X材料213は、ゲルマニウム(Ge)であり、これにより格子ミスマッチが得られ、その結果、シリコンチャネルに歪みが生じ、移動度が向上する。
図4には、多くのIII-V族装置(金属半導体フィールド効果トランジスタ(MESFET))、金属酸化物半導体HEMT(MOS-HEMT)およびHEMT)のソース/ドレイン接触構造のモデル400を示す。例えば、図4のモデルは、図1に示した典型的なHEMT100のソース/ドレイン接触構造のモデルの他、図2に示す改良されたHEMT構造200のモデルにも使用され得る。
図6a乃至6cには、III-V装置に高導電性の浅いソース/ドレイン接合を形成するためのプロセス方法を示す。図6a乃至6cのプロセスでは、まず図6aに示すように、基板層603(例えばインジウムリン)の上に配置されたIII-Vバッファ層602(例えばインジウムアルミニウム砒素)上に、III-Vチャネル層601(例えばインジウムガリウム砒素)が配置される。チャネル層601上に、下側に高K誘電体605を有し、隣接する側壁606を有するゲート電極604が形成される(この構造は、図1および2に関して示したような凹状ゲートHEMTではなく、MOSFET状HEMT(例えばMOS-HEMT)であることに留意する必要がある)。
MOSFET系III-V装置(例えばMOS-HEMT)とIII-V族HEMT装置の両方において、チャネル層が露出され、伝導帯における高キャリア濃度が維持され、高ゲインの装置が得られる。そのようなIII-V装置の懸念事項は、チャネル層の表面またはその近傍での表面状態である。そのような表面状態は、電子をトラップし、これによりチャネル層でのキャリア濃度が減少し、装置のトランスコンダクタンス(ゲイン)が低下する。
Claims (10)
- トランジスタを有する機器であって、前記トランジスタは、
III-Vバッファ層の上に直接配置されたIII-Vチャネル層、および両者の間のヘテロ接合と、
前記III-Vチャネル層上に直接配置された第1のIII-V層と、
前記III-Vチャネル層上に直接配置されるとともに、前記第1のIII-V層内に囲まれて配置されたバリア層と、
ソース/ドレイン電極であって、前記第1のIII-V層、前記III-Vチャネル層、および前記III-Vバッファ層は、前記ソース/ドレイン電極の下側にあるソース/ドレイン電極と、
前記第1のIII-V層、前記III-Vチャネル層、および前記III-Vバッファ層には延在しないゲート電極であって、端部が前記III-Vチャネル層および前記III-Vバッファ層の上部に存在し、前記端部は、前記バリア層内にあるゲート電極と、
前記バリア層の上部に配置された第3の材料の層であって、前記ゲート電極の端部が貫通する第3の材料の層と、
を有し、
前記バリア層は、前記III-Vチャネル層よりも大きなエネルギーギャップを有し、前記III-Vチャネル層内にキャリアを保持し、
前記ゲート電極の前記端部は、前記バリア層と接触し、
前記第1のIII-V層は、前記バリア層よりもバンドギャップが小さく、
前記第3の材料の層は、InPまたはAlSbを含み、
前記第3の材料の層は、第1の面に沿って前記バリア層と接触し、前記第1の面を貫通して、前記ゲート電極の前記端部は、前記バリア層内に延伸し、
前記第3の材料の層は、前記第1の面と垂直な第2の面に沿って前記バリア層と接触し、
前記バリア層は、第3の面に沿って前記第1のIII-V層と接触し、前記第3の面は、前記第2の面に平行であることを特徴とする機器。 - 前記第1のIII-V層は、インジウムガリウム砒素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の機器。
- 前記III-Vチャネル層は、インジウムガリウム砒素であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の機器。
- 前記第1のIII-V層は、前記III-Vチャネル層よりもインジウムの組成が高いことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の機器。
- 前記第1のIII-V層は、前記ソース/ドレイン電極の下側の、前記バリア層と前記チャネル層の間の第2のヘテロ接合と水平方向に配列された深さにまで延在し、
前記第2のヘテロ接合は、前記ゲート電極の前記端部の下側にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の機器。 - 前記第1のIII-V層は、インジウムガリウムヒ素であるであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の機器。
- トランジスタを形成する方法であって、
(i) III-Vバッファ層上にIII-Vチャネル層を直接エピタキシャル形成させ、両者の間に第1のヘテロ接合を形成した後、III-Vチャネル層上に、直接第1のIII-V層をエピタキシャル形成することにより、III-V族半導体スタックを形成するステップと、
(ii) 前記トランジスタのゲート電極が配置される位置で、前記III-Vチャネル層が露出するまで、前記第1のIII-V層をエッチングするステップであって、前記エッチングにより、前記第1のIII-V層内にボイドが形成されるステップと、
(iii) 前記ボイド内に該ボイドを充填するバリア層をエピタキシャル形成させるステップであって、前記バリア層と前記III-Vチャネル層の間に第2のヘテロ接合が形成され、前記バリア層は、前記第1のIII-V層とは異なる材料であり、前記III-Vバリア層は、前記III-Vチャネル層よりも大きなエネルギーギャップを有し、前記III-Vチャネル層内にキャリアを保持し、前記第1のIII-V層は、前記バリア層よりもバンドギャップが小さい、ステップと、
(iv) 前記バリア層内に第2のボイドを形成した後、該第2のボイド内に第3の材料の層を形成するステップであって、前記第3の材料の層は、InPまたはAlSbを含むステップと、
(v) 前記バリア層の上部にゲート電極を形成するステップであって、前記III-Vチャネル層に最近接の前記ゲート電極の端部は、前記第3の材料の層を貫通して、前記バリア層内に延伸するステップと、
(vi) 前記第1のIII-V層の上にソースおよびドレイン電極を形成するステップと、
を有する方法。 - 前記第1のIII-V層は、インジウムガリウム砒素であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記III-Vチャネル層は、インジウムガリウム砒素であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のIII-V層は、前記III-Vチャネル層よりもインジウムの割合が高い組成を有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の方法。
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TWI560876B (en) | 2016-12-01 |
JP2015207778A (ja) | 2015-11-19 |
KR20120089764A (ko) | 2012-08-13 |
JP2013511164A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
EP2517253B1 (en) | 2019-01-23 |
EP2517253A4 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
CN102652363B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
KR101394136B1 (ko) | 2014-05-14 |
WO2011087610A3 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
JP2016195287A (ja) | 2016-11-17 |
US20150123171A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
WO2011087610A2 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
JP6272961B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
US20110147798A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
TW201131761A (en) | 2011-09-16 |
CN102652363A (zh) | 2012-08-29 |
US8936976B2 (en) | 2015-01-20 |
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