JP5777566B2 - フルオロオレフィンを含む組成物 - Google Patents
フルオロオレフィンを含む組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5777566B2 JP5777566B2 JP2012116166A JP2012116166A JP5777566B2 JP 5777566 B2 JP5777566 B2 JP 5777566B2 JP 2012116166 A JP2012116166 A JP 2012116166A JP 2012116166 A JP2012116166 A JP 2012116166A JP 5777566 B2 JP5777566 B2 JP 5777566B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 296
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 95
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 61
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 57
- -1 butane or propane Chemical class 0.000 description 41
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 35
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 29
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 28
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 25
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 23
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 20
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 18
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 17
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)Cl VOPWNXZWBYDODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 13
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- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000000743 hydrocarbylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 7
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 7
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethane Chemical compound CCF UHCBBWUQDAVSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F WZLFPVPRZGTCKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAJNGDIORYACQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)=O ZAJNGDIORYACQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)pent-4-en-2-one Chemical group CC(=C)CC(=O)Cc1c(C)cc(C)cc1C UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002592 cumenyl group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)C(C)C 0.000 description 3
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N (+)-α-limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPZNOMCNRMUKPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 DPZNOMCNRMUKPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VWCLQNINSPFHFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-oxapentacyclo[12.8.0.02,11.04,9.015,20]docosa-1(14),2(11),4,6,8,12,15,17,19,21-decaene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C4OC5=CC=CC=C5CC4=C3C=CC2=C1 VWCLQNINSPFHFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)=O ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NMSQHDLIUSFSPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1-pentylpiperidin-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCN1CC(C)CCC1=O NMSQHDLIUSFSPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-hexanone Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)=O FFWSICBKRCICMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical class [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ULIAPOFMBCCSPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-7-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCC ULIAPOFMBCCSPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKJHMKQSIBMURP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC#N WKJHMKQSIBMURP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFHCXWMZXQBQMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)methane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)SC(F)(F)F OFHCXWMZXQBQMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
HFC−1225yeならびにHFC−1234ze、HFC−1234yf、HFC−1234ye、HFC−1243zf、HFC−32、HFC−125、HFC−134、HFC−134a、HFC−143a、HFC−152a、HFC−161、HFC−227ea、HFC−236ea、HFC−236fa、HFC−245fa、HFC
−365mfc、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタン、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ジメチルエーテル、CF3SCF3、CO2、NH3およびCF3Iからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、
HFC−1234zeならびにHFC−1234yf、HFC−1234ye、HFC−1243zf、HFC−32、HFC−125、HFC−134、HFC−134a、HFC−143a、HFC−152a、HFC−161、HFC−227ea、HFC−236ea、HFC−236fa、HFC−245fa、HFC−365mfc、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタン、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ジメチルエーテル、CF3SCF3、CO2およびCF3Iからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、
HFC−1234yfならびにHFC−1234ye、HFC−1243zf、HFC−32、HFC−125、HFC−134、HFC−134a、HFC−143a、HFC−152a、HFC−161、HFC−227ea、HFC−236ea、HFC−236fa、HFC−245fa、HFC−365mfc、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタン、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ジメチルエーテル、CF3SCF3、CO2および、NH3およびCF3Iからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、
HFC−1243zfならびにHFC−1234ye、HFC−32、HFC−125、HFC−134、HFC−134a、HFC−143a、HFC−152a、HFC−161、HFC−227ea、HFC−236ea、HFC−236fa、HFC−245fa、HFC−365mfc、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタン、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ジメチルエーテル、CF3SCF3、CO2およびCF3Iからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物、ならびに
HFC−1234yeならびにHFC−1243zf、HFC−32、HFC−125、HFC−134、HFC−134a、HFC−143a、HFC−152a、HFC−161、HFC−227ea、HFC−236ea、HFC−236fa、HFC−245fa、HFC−365mfc、プロパン、n−ブタン、イソブタン、2−メチルブタン、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、ジメチルエーテル、CF3SCF3、CO2およびCF3Iからなる群から選択された少なくとも1つの化合物。
器で組み合わせることである。必要ならば、かき混ぜが用いられてもよい。
パーセントのR32(ジフルオロメタン)のブレンドに対するアシュラエ(ASHRAE:米国暖房冷凍空調学会)呼称)、R410A(50質量パーセントのR125および50質量パーセントのR32のブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)、R417A(46.6質量パーセントのR125、50.0質量パーセントのR134a、および3.4質量パーセントのn−ブタンのブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)、R422A、R422B、R422C、R422D(85.1質量パーセントのR125、11.5質量パーセントのR134a、および3.4質量パーセントのイソブタンのブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)、R404A(44質量パーセントのR125、52質量パーセントのR143a(1,1,1−トリフルオロエタン)、および4.0質量パーセントのR134aのブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)ならびにR507A(50質量パーセントのR125および50質量パーセントのR143aのブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)を含むがそれらに限定されない、現在使用されている冷媒の低い地球温暖化係数(GWP)代替品として有用であるかもしれない。さらに、本発明の組成物は、R12(CFC−12、ジクロロジフルオロメタン)またはR502(51.2質量パーセントのCFC−115(クロロペンタフルオロエタン)および48.8質量パーセントのHCFC−22のブレンドに対するアシュラエ呼称)の代替品として有用であるかもしれない。
さらに含み、圧縮冷凍、エアコン、またはヒートポンプ装置運転条件下で本発明の冷媒と混和性である。かかる潤滑油およびそれらの特性はR.L.シュブキン(R.L.Shubkin)編、「合成潤滑油および高性能流体(Synthetic Lubricants and High−Performance Fluids)」、Marcel Dekker社、1993年に議論されている。かかる潤滑油には、キャストロール(Castrol)(登録商標)100(キャストロール、英国(Castrol、United Kingdom))などのポリオールエステル(POE)、ダウ(Dow)(ダウ・ケミカル、ミシガン州ミッドランド(Dow Chemical,Midland,Michigan))製のRL−488Aなどのポリアルキレングリコール(PAG)ならびにポリビニルエーテル(PVE)が含まれるが、それらに限定されない。これらの潤滑油は様々な商業的供給業者から容易に入手可能である。
の前もって測定された量で組成物に加えられる。
たは環式であってもよい。代表的なR1およびR3炭化水素基には、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、第二ブチル、第三ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル、第三ペンチル、シクロペンチル、およびシクロヘキシルが含まれる。本発明のポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル混和剤上の遊離のヒドロキシル基がある種の圧縮冷凍装置構築資材(例えばマイラー(Mylar)(登録商標))と相性が悪いかもしれない場合、R1およびR3は好ましくは1〜4個の炭素原子、最も好ましくは1個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族炭化水素基である。2〜4個の炭素原子を有するR2脂肪族ヒドロカルビレン基は、オキシエチレン基、オキシプロピレン基、およびオキシブチレン基を含む繰り返しオキシアルキレン基−(OR2)x−を形成する。1つのポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル混和剤分子中にR2を含むオキシアルキレン基は、同じものであってもよいし、または1つの分子は異なるR2オキシアルキレン基を含有してもよい。本発明のポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル混和剤は好ましくは少なくとも1つのオキシプロピレン基を含む。R1が1〜6個の炭素原子およびy個の結合部位を有する脂肪族または脂環式炭化水素基である場合、該基は線状、分岐または環式であってもよい。2個の結合部位を有する代表的なR1脂肪族炭化水素基には、例えば、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基、ペンチレン基、ヘキシレン基、シクロペンチレン基およびシクロヘキシレン基が含まれる。3または4個の結合部位を有する代表的なR1脂肪族炭化水素基には、それらのヒドロキシル基を除去することによって、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ペンタエリスリトール、1,2,3−トリヒドロキシシクロヘキサンおよび1,3,5−トリヒドロキシシクロヘキサンなどの、ポリアルコールに由来する残基が含まれる。
H2OC(CH2)3CH3)2CH2OH)が含まれるが、それらに限定されない。
ゲン(例えば、フッ素、塩素)およびアルコキシド(例えばメトキシ)から選択された非炭化水素置換基を含有する基を含んでもよい。R1およびR2は場合によりヘテロ原子置換炭化水素基、すなわち、さもなければ炭素原子からなる基鎖中に原子窒素(アザ−)、酸素(ケト−、オキサ−)または硫黄(チア−)を含有する基を含んでもよい。一般に、3つ以下、好ましくは1つ以下の非炭化水素置換基およびヘテロ原子がR1およびR2中の各10個の炭素原子につき存在するだろうし、任意のかかる非炭化水素置換基およびヘテロ原子の存在は、前述の分子量制限を適用する際に考慮されなければならない。一般式R1C(O)R2中の代表的なR1およびR2脂肪族、脂環式およびアリール炭化水素基には、フェニル、ベンジル、クメニル、メシチル、トリル、キシリルおよびフェネチルだけでなく、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、第二ブチル、第三ブチル、ペンチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル、第三ペンチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ウンデシル、ドデシルおよびそれらの立体配置異性体が含まれる。
ペンチル、イソペンチル、ネオペンチル、第三ペンチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、ウンデシル、ドデシルおよびそれらの立体配置異性体が含まれる。
されない。
(アニソール)、1,3−ジメトキシベンゼン、エチルフェニルエーテルおよびブチルフェニルエーテルが含まれるが、それらに限定されない。
、フルオロエーテルおよび1,1,1−トリフルオロアルカンからなる群から選択される、有効量の混和剤の存在下で前記潤滑油を前記組成物と接触させる工程を含む方法に関する。
0.005質量パーセント〜約0.5質量パーセント、最も好ましくは0.01質量パーセント〜約0.25質量パーセントがUV染料である。
り返す。
(すなわち、蒸発しないまたは凝縮しない)。あるいはまた、蒸発冷却プロセスは同様に伝熱流体を利用してもよい。
整数であり、R1は水素、ならびに1〜6個の炭素原子およびy個の結合部位を有する脂肪族炭化水素基から選択され、R2は2〜4個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族ヒドロカルビレン基から選択され、R3は水素、ならびに1〜6個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択され、R1およびR3の少なくとも1つは前記炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテルであって、約100〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル;ii)式R1C(O)NR2R3およびシクロ−[R4CON(R5)−](式中、R1、R2、R3およびR5は独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基、ならびに6〜12個の炭素原子を有する多くても1つの芳香族基から選択され、R4は3〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族ヒドロカルビレン基から選択される)で表されるアミドであって、約100〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するアミド;iii)式R1C(O)R2(式中、R1およびR2は独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族、脂環式およびアリール炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるケトンであって、約70〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するケトン;iv)式R1CN(式中、R1は5〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族、脂環式またはアリール炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるニトリルであって、約90〜約200原子質量単位の分子量を有するニトリル;v)式RClx(式中、xは1または2であり、Rは1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるクロロカーボンであって、約100〜約200原子質量単位の分子量を有するクロロカーボン;vi)式R1OR2(式中、R1は6〜12個の炭素原子を有するアリール炭化水素基から選択され、R2は1〜4個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるアリールエーテルであって、約100〜約150原子質量単位の分子量を有するアリールエーテル;vii)式CF3R1(式中、R1は約5〜約15個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択される)で表される1,1,1−トリフルオロアルカン;viii)式R1OCF2CF2H(式中、R1は約5〜約15個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族、脂環式、および芳香族炭化水素から選択される)で表されるフルオロエーテルであって、フルオロオレフィンとポリオールとから誘導され、ここで、前記フルオロオレフィンがタイプCF2=CXY(式中、Xは水素、塩素またはフッ素であり、Yは塩素、フッ素、CF3またはORf(ここで、RfはCF3、C2F5、またはC3F7である)のものであり、そして前記ポリオールが線状または分岐であり、ここで、前記線状ポリオールがタイプHOCH2(CHOH)x(CRR’)yCH2OH(式中、RおよびR’は水素、CH3またはC2H5であり、xは0〜4の整数であり、yは0〜3の整数であり、zは0か1かのどちらかである)のものであり、そして前記分岐ポリオールがタイプC(OH)t(R)u(CH2OH)v[(CH2)mCH2OH]w(式中、Rは水素、CH3またはC2H5であってもよく、mは0〜3の整数であり、tおよびuは0または1であり、vおよびwは0〜4の整数であり、そしてまた式中t+u+v+w=4である)のものであるフルオロエーテル;ならびにix)構造[B]、[C]、および[D]:
たような染料を含む組成物の検出方法が提供される。本方法は、本組成物を装置に提供する工程と、装置の漏洩ポイントでまたは装置の近くで本組成物を検出するための好適な手段を提供する工程とを含む。
であり、ここで、前記線状ポリオールがタイプHOCH2(CHOH)x(CRR’)yCH2OH(式中、RおよびR’は水素、CH3またはC2H5であり、xは0〜4の整数であり、yは0〜3の整数であり、zは0か1かのどちらかである)のものであり、そして前記分岐ポリオールがタイプC(OH)t(R)u(CH2OH)v[(CH2)mCH2OH]w(式中、Rは水素、CH3またはC2H5であってもよく、mは0〜3の整数であり、tおよびuは0または1であり、vおよびwは0〜4の整数であり、そしてまた式中t+u+v+w=4である)のものであるフルオロエーテル;ならびにix)構造[B]、[C]、および[D]:
a)式R1[(OR2)xOR3]y(式中、xは1〜3の整数であり、yは1〜4の整数であり、R1は水素、ならびに1〜6個の炭素原子およびy個の結合部位を有する脂肪族炭化水素基から選択され、R2は2〜4個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族ヒドロカルビレン基から選択され、R3は水素、ならびに1〜6個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択され、R1およびR3の少なくとも1つは前記炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテルであって、約100〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するポリオキシアルキレングリコールエーテル;b)式R1C(O)NR2R3およびシクロ−[R4CON(R5)−](式中、R1、R2、R3およびR5 は独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素
基、ならびに6〜12個の炭素原子を有する多くても1つの芳香族基から選択され、R4は3〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族ヒドロカルビレン基から選択される)で表されるアミドであって、約100〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するアミド;c)式R1C(O)R2(式中、R1およびR2は独立して、1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族、脂環式またはアリール炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるケトンであって、約70〜約300原子質量単位の分子量を有するケトン;d)式R1CN(式中、R1は5〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族、脂環式およびアリール炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるニトリルであって、約90〜約200原子質量単位の分子量を有するニトリル;e)式RClx(式中、xは1または2であり、Rは1〜12個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるクロロカーボンであって、約100〜約200原子質量単位の分子量を有するクロロカーボン;f)式R1OR2(式中、R1は6〜12個の炭素原子を有するアリール炭化水素基から選択され、R2は1〜4個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族炭化水素基から選択される)で表されるアリールエーテルであって、約100〜約150原子質量単位の分子量を有するアリールエーテル;g)式CF3R1(式中、R1は約5〜約15個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素基から選択される)で表される1,1,1−トリフルオロアルカン;h)式R1OCF2CF2H(式中、R1は約5〜約15個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族および脂環式炭化水素から選択される)で表されるフルオロエーテルであって、フルオロオレフィンとポリオールとから誘導され、ここで、前記フルオロオレフィンがタイプCF2=CXY(式中、Xは水素、塩素またはフッ素であり、Yは塩素、フッ素、CF3またはORf(ここで、RfはCF3、C2F5、またはC3F7である)のものであり、前記ポリオールがタイプHOCH2CRR’(CH2)z(CHOH)xCH2(CH2OH)y(式中、RおよびR’は水素、CH3またはC2H5であり、xは0〜4の整数であり、yは0〜3の整数であり、zは0か1かのどちらかである)のものであるフルオロエーテル;ならびにi)構造[B]、[C]、および[D]:
からなる群から選択される、有効量の前記混和剤の存在下で前記潤滑油を前記冷媒または伝熱流体組成物と接触させる工程を含む前記方法に関する。
約99質量パーセントのHFC−1225yeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−152a;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのHFC−1225yeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−1234yf;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのHFC−1225yeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234ze;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのHFC−1225yeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−1243zf;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234zeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−134a;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234zeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−152a;約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234zeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのHFC−227ea;ならびに約1質量パーセント〜約99質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234zeおよび約99質量パーセント〜約1質量パーセントのCF3Iからなる群から選択され、ここで、前記冷媒または伝熱流体はそれらからなる群から選択された組成物を含む。
含有組成物は火炎上へスプレーされても、かけられるなどされてもよく、または火炎の少なくとも一部が火炎抑制組成物中に浸けられてもよい。本明細書での教示を考慮に入れると、当業者は、様々な従来の装置および火炎抑制の方法を本開示での使用のために容易に構成することができるであろう。
(蒸気漏洩の影響)
容器に−25℃か、明記される場合には25℃でかのどちらかの温度で初期組成物を装入し、組成物の初期蒸気圧を測定する。初期組成物の50質量パーセントが除去されるまで、温度を一定に保持しながら、組成物を容器から漏洩させ、その時点で容器に残っている組成物の蒸気圧を測定する。結果を表9に示す。
(冷却性能データ)
表10は、HFC−134aと比べて本発明の様々な冷媒組成物の性能を示す。表10において、Evap Presはエバポレーター圧力であり、Cond Presは凝縮器圧力であり、Comp Disch Tは圧縮機吐出温度であり、COPはエネルギー効率であり、CAPはキャパシティである。データは次の条件に基づいている。
エバポレーター温度 40.0°F(4.4℃)
凝縮器温度 130.0°F(54.4℃)
サブクール量 10.0°F(5.5℃)
リターンガス温度 60.0°F(15.6℃)
圧縮機効率は 100%である。
過熱は冷却能力に含められていることに留意されたい。
(冷却性能データ)
表11は、R404AおよびR422Aと比べて本発明の様々な冷媒組成物の性能を示す。表11において、Evap Presはエバポレーター圧力であり、Cond Presは凝縮器圧力であり、Comp Disch Tは圧縮機吐出温度であり、EERはエネルギー効率であり、CAPはキャパシティである。データは次の条件に基づいている。
エバポレーター温度 −17.8℃
凝縮器温度 46.1℃
サブクール量 5.5℃
リターンガス温度 15.6℃
圧縮機効率は 70%である。
過熱は冷却能力に含められていることに留意されたい。
(冷却性能データ)
表12は、HCFC−22、R410A、R407C、およびR417Aと比べて本発
明の様々な冷媒組成物の性能を示す。表12において、Evap Presはエバポレーター圧力であり、Cond Presは凝縮器圧力であり、Comp Disch Tは圧縮機吐出温度であり、EERはエネルギー効率であり、CAPはキャパシティである。データは次の条件に基づいている。
エバポレーター温度 4.4℃
凝縮器温度 54.4℃
サブクール量 5.5℃
リターンガス温度 15.6℃
圧縮機効率は 100%である。
過熱は冷却能力に含められていることに留意されたい。
(冷却性能データ)
表13は、HCFC−22およびR410Aと比べて本発明の様々な冷媒組成物の性能を示す。表13において、Evap Presはエバポレーター圧力であり、Cond Presは凝縮器圧力であり、Comp Disch Tは圧縮機吐出温度であり、EERはエネルギー効率であり、CAPはキャパシティである。データは次の条件に基づいている。
エバポレーター温度 4℃
凝縮器温度 43℃
サブクール量 6℃
リターンガス温度 18℃
圧縮機効率は 70%である。
過熱は冷却能力に含められていることに留意されたい。
(引火性)
引火性化合物は、電子点火源で、ASTM(米国材料試験協会(American Society of Testing and Materials))E681−01下で試験することによって特定されてもよい。引火性のかかる試験は、引火性下限界(LFL)および引火性上限界(UFL)を測定するために、空気中の様々な濃度で、HFC−1234yf、HFC−1225yeおよび本開示の混合物について101kPa(14.7psia)、100℃(212°F)、および50パーセント相対湿度で行った。結果を表13に与える。
Claims (7)
- 30質量パーセント〜99質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234zeおよび70質量パーセント〜1質量パーセントのHFC−125からなる組成物。
- 1質量パーセント〜98質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234ze、1質量パーセント〜98質量パーセントのHFC−32、および1質量パーセント〜98質量パーセントのCF 3 Iからなる組成物。
- 10質量パーセント〜80質量パーセントのトランス−HFC−1234ze、1質量パーセント〜70質量パーセントのHFC−32、および1質量パーセント〜80質量パーセントのCF3Iからなる請求項2に記載の組成物。
- 冷熱を生成させるための方法であって、冷却しようとする本体の近くで請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を蒸発させること、およびその後上記組成物を凝縮させることを含む方法。
- 温熱を生成させるための方法であって、加熱しようとする本体の近くで請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を凝縮させること、およびその後上記組成物を蒸発させることを含む方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を伝熱流体組成物として使用する方法であって、該組成物を熱源からヒートシンクに運ぶことを含む方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を含有する冷凍、エアコン、またはヒートポンプ装置。
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- 2006-08-29 RU RU2008142994/04A patent/RU2410404C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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