JP5479331B2 - JANUSキナーゼ阻害剤(R)−3−(4−(7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−1−イル)−3−シクロペンチルプロパンニトリルの有効な代謝体 - Google Patents
JANUSキナーゼ阻害剤(R)−3−(4−(7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イル)−1H−ピラゾール−1−イル)−3−シクロペンチルプロパンニトリルの有効な代謝体 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
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- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
- A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Description
本発明は、下記の群から選択される化合物またはその医薬上許容される塩を提供する:
3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル;
3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(2-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル;および
3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(3-オキソシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル。
本発明は、とりわけ、JAK 阻害剤(R)-3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-シクロペンチルプロパンニトリルの活性な代謝体である化合物を提供する。これらの代謝体は、1以上のJAKの活性を調節し、そして例えば、JAK発現または活性と関連のある疾患の処置に有用である。本発明の代謝体を下記表1に示す。該構造には、全ての立体異性体が含まれることが意図される。
その塩を含む本発明の化合物は、公知の有機合成技術を用いて製造することができ、多数の可能な合成経路のいずれかにしたがって合成することが出来る。
本発明の化合物は、1以上のJanus キナーゼ(JAK)の活性を調節することができる。「調節する」という用語は、JAK ファミリーのキナーゼの1以上のメンバーの活性を上昇または低下させる能力を意味する。したがって、本発明の化合物はJAKと本明細書に記載する1以上の化合物または組成物とを接触させることによりJAKを調節する方法に利用できる。ある態様において、本発明の化合物は1以上の JAKの阻害剤として作用しうる。ある態様において、本発明の化合物は1以上の JAKの活性を刺激するよう作用しうる。さらなる態様において、本発明の化合物は、調節する量の本発明の化合物を投与することにより受容体の調節を必要とする個体においてJAKの活性を調節するのに用いることが出来る。
(1)疾患の予防;例えば、疾患、症状または障害に罹患しやすいが、疾患の病理または症状を経験または示したことがない個体における疾患、症状または障害の予防;
(2)疾患の阻害;例えば、疾患、症状または障害の病理または症状を経験または示している個体における疾患、症状または障害の阻害;および、
(3) 疾患の寛解;例えば、疾患、症状または障害の病理または症状を経験または示している個体における疾患、症状または障害の寛解(即ち、病理および/または症状からの回復)、例えば、疾患の重症度の低下。
1以上のさらなる医薬品、例えば、化学療法薬、抗炎症薬、ステロイド、免疫抑制剤ならびに Bcr-Abl、Flt-3、RAFおよびFAK キナーゼ 阻害剤、例えば、WO 2006/056399に記載のもの、またはその他の薬剤を、JAK-関連の疾患、障害または症状の処置のために本発明の化合物と組み合わせて用いることが出来る。1以上のさらなる医薬品は患者に同時に投与しても逐次的に投与してもよい。
医薬として用いる場合、本発明の化合物を医薬組成物の形態で投与すればよい。かかる組成物は薬学分野に周知の方法で調製することが出来、局所的または全身的のいずれの処置が望ましいか、そして処置されるべき領域に応じて様々な経路で投与することが出来る。投与は、局所(例えば、経皮、上皮、経眼および経粘膜、例えば、鼻腔内、経膣および直腸送達)、肺 (例えば、散剤またはエアロゾルの吸入またはガス注入による、例えば 噴霧器による; 気管内または鼻腔内)、経口または非経口であってよい。非経口投与としては、静脈内、動脈内、皮下、腹腔内または筋肉内注射または注入;または頭蓋内、例えば、くも膜下腔内または脳室内投与が挙げられる。非経口投与は、単回注射の形態であってもよく、あるいは、例えば、連続的注入ポンプによるものであってもよい。局所投与のための医薬組成物および剤形には、経皮パッチ、軟膏、ローション、クリーム、ゲル、ドロップ、坐薬、スプレー、液体および散剤が含まれうる。常套の医薬用の担体、水性、粉末または油性基剤、増粘剤等が必要であることや望ましいこともあり得る。被覆されたコンドーム、グローブなども有用であり得る。
本発明の別の側面は標識(放射標識、蛍光標識等)された本発明の化合物に関し、それはイメージング技術のみならず、インビトロおよびインビボの両方のアッセイにも有用であり、かかるアッセイは、ヒトを含む組織サンプルにおけるJAKの局在決定および定量のため、および標識化合物の結合の阻害によるJAKリガンドの同定のために行われる。したがって、本発明は、かかる標識化合物を含むJAKアッセイも包含する。
本発明はまた、例えば、JAK -関連疾患または障害、例えば癌の処置または予防に有用な医薬キットも包含し、かかるキットは、治療上有効量の本発明の化合物を含む医薬組成物を含んでいる1以上の容器を含む。かかるキットはさらに、所望により、1以上の様々な常套の医薬キット成分、例えば、1以上の医薬上許容される担体を含む容器、追加的な容器等を含んでいてもよく、これは当業者に明らかである。挿入されていてもラベルであってもよいが、投与される成分の量、投与のための説明および/または成分の混合のための説明を示す説明書もまた、キットに含めることが出来る。
実施例1:
3-[(1S,3R)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルおよび3-[(1R,3S)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル
1H NMR(300 MHz、CDCl3): δ4.93 (m、1H)、2.91 (m、1H)、2.19 (m、1H)、1.60-1.99 (m、5H).
1H NMR(400 MHz、CDCl3): δ 6.78 (dd、1H)、5.30 (d、1H)、5.20 (m、1H)、2.67 (m、1H)、2.20 (m、1H)、1.40-1.90 (m、6H).
1H NMR(400 MHz、CDCl3): δ 8.90 (d、1H)、8.39 (m、2H)、7.46 (m、1H)、6.86 (m 1H)、5.73 (s、2H)、4.52 (m、2H)、3.59 (m、2H)、3.2 (m、1H)、3.02 (m、1H)、2.78 (m、1H)、2.3 (m、1H)、1.30-1.90 (m、6H)、0.99 (m、2H)、0.08 (s、9H). LC/MS: 453 (M+H)+.
リチウムテトラフルオロホウ酸塩(0.176 g、1.88 mmol)を、バイアル内での3-[(1S,3R)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルおよび3-[(1R,3S)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル (85.0 mg、0.188 mmol)のアセトニトリル(1.5 mL)と水(0.135 mL)の溶液に添加した。得られる混合物を85℃で26時間加熱した。反応混合物を25℃に冷却した後、エチレンジアミン(63 μL、0.94 mmol)を添加し、得られる混合物を、25℃で3時間攪拌した。該反応混合物を、分取LCにより精製し、トリフルオロ酢酸塩と該生成物を得た。これを、メタノールに溶解し、Amberlyst 26を添加した。得られる混合物を、10分間攪拌し、濾過し、濃縮した。該残液を、キラルクロマトグラフィーにより精製し、4つのメジャーピークと4つのマイナーピークを得た(Column: ChiralPak IA、 4.6 x 250mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30% エタノール。流速:0.8 ml/分−分析用;カラム: ChiralPak IA、20 x 250mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30%エタノール。流速:12 ml/分-分取用)
マイナーピークは、非常に移動しやすく、またメタノール中にあれば対応するアルコールへと分解するトリフルオロ酢酸エステルの結果であると考えられる。
3-[(1S,3S)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルトリフルオロ酢酸塩および3-[(1R,3R)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルトリフルオロ酢酸塩
ジイソプロピルアゾジカルボキシレート(0.38 mL、1.9 mmol)を、丸底フラスコ内において0℃で3-[(1S,3R)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルおよび3-[(1R,3S)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル(0.51 g、1.9 mmol)のテトラヒドロフラン(5.3 mL)溶液に添加した。得られる混合物を、10分間攪拌し、安息香酸(0.24g、1.9 mmol)を添加した。該反応混合物を2時間0℃で攪拌したが、この時点でTLC分析は出発物質が存在しないことを示した。該反応混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、飽和NaHCO3、水、飽和NaClで洗浄し、乾燥して(MgSO4)、真空で揮散させた。該残液を、20% EtOAc/ヘキサンを用いるシリカゲルでのクロマトグラフィーに供し、該生成物を得た。1H NMR(300 MHz、CDCl3): δ 8.91 (d、1H)、8.39 (m、2H)、8.08 (m、2H)、7.75 (m、1H)、7.61 (m、1H)、7.48 (m、2H)、7.46 (m、1H)、6.87 (m 1H)、5.74 (s、2H)、5.40-5.50 (m、1H)、4.40 (m、1H)、3.60 (m、2H)、3.25 (m、1H)、3.07 (m、1H)、2.27 (m、2H)、1.30-1.90 (m、6H)、0.99 (m、2H)、0.08 (s、9H). LC/MS: 557 (M+H)+.
反応混合物は、時間TLC分析が始まっている材料を示さなかった2時間、0の°Cでかき回されました。
水酸化リチウム(22.7 mg、0.000948 mol)を、丸底フラスコ内で1,4-ジオキサン(10.0 mL、0.128 mol)、メタノール(4.0 mL、0.099 mol)、および水(4.0 mL、0.22 mol)の混合物に溶解した(1S,3S)-3-{2-シアノ-1-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]エチル}シクロペンチル安息香酸塩および(1R,3R)-3-{2-シアノ-1-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]エチル}シクロペンチル安息香酸塩(440 mg、0.00079 mol)の溶液に添加した。得られる混合物を、LCMS分析により出発物質がないことが示された20時間攪拌した。該反応混合物を、酢酸エチルにより抽出し、該有機抽出物を飽和NaHCO3、水、飽和NaClで洗浄し、乾燥し(MgSO4)、真空下で揮散させた。該残液を、さらなる精製をせずに次ぎの反応に使用した。LC/MS: 453 (M+H)+.
3-[(1S,3S)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル および 3-[(1R,3R)-3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルの混合物を、実施例1のステップ5に記載した同じ条件下で脱保護した。該混合物を、キラルLCを用いて分割し、さらにLCにより精製し、トリフルオロ酢酸塩としてアイソマーを得た。カラム:ChiralPak IA、4.6 x 250mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30%エタノール。流速:0.8 ml/分-分析用;カラム:ChiralPak IA、20 x 250 mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30%エタノール。流速:12 ml/分−分取用)。
3-[(1S)-3-オキソシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル トリフルオロ酢酸塩および3-[(1R)-3-オキソシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル トリフルオロ酢酸塩
3-[(1S)-3-オキソシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリル および 3-[(1R)-3-オキソシクロペンチル]-3-[4-(7-[2-(トリメチルシリル)エトキシ]メチル-7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル]プロパンニトリルの混合物を、実施例1のステップ5と類似した条件下で脱保護して、2つのジアステレオマーケトンを得、これをキラルクロマトグラフィーにより分割し、LCにより精製して、トリフルオロ酢酸塩としてジアステレオマーおよびエナンチオマーを得た。カラム:ChiralPak IA、4.6 x 250mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30%エタノール。流速:0.8 ml/分-分析用;カラム:ChiralPak IA、20 x 250 mm、5 ミクロン粒子。移動相:ヘキサン中30%エタノール。流速:12 ml/分−分取用).
本明細書に記載する化合物をPark et al.、Analytical Biochemistry 1999、269、94-104に記載の以下のインビトロアッセイにしたがって、Jak 標的の阻害活性について試験した。N末端 Hisタグを備えたヒト Jakl (a.a. 837-1142)、Jak2 (a.a. 828-1132)およびJak3 (a.a. 781-1124) の触媒ドメインを昆虫細胞中でバキュロウイルスを用いて発現させて精製した。JAKl、JAK2またはJAK3の触媒活性をビオチン化ペプチドのリン酸化を測定することによりアッセイした。リン酸化されたペプチドをホモジニアス時間分解蛍光法 (HTRF)によって検出した。化合物のIC50を、100 mM NaCl、5 mM DTT、および0.1 mg/ml (0.01%) BSA を含む50 mM トリス (pH 7.8)バッファー中に酵素、ATPおよび500 nM ペプチドを含む反応中で各キナーゼについて測定した。反応中のATP濃度はJaklについては 90 μM、Jak2については30 μM、Jak3については3 μMであった。反応を室温で1時間行い、次いで20 μLのアッセイバッファー(Perkin Elmer、Boston、MA)中の45 mM EDTA、300 nM SA-APC、6 nM Eu-Py20を用いて停止させた。ユーロピウム標識抗体に対する結合を、40分間行い、HTRF シグナルを Fusion プレートリーダー (Perkin Elmer、Boston、MA)で測定した。上記いずれかのJak 標的について、IC50が10 μM以下である化合物を活性であるとみなした。
試験化合物のタンパク質結合を、Harvard Apparatus (Holliston、MA)のDianorm 系を用いて平衡透析により決定した。該透析を、37℃2時間ヒト血清中で行った。代謝体を、3μMにてインキュベートし、化合物1を3および10 μMにてインキュベートした。透析後の血清中および緩衝液中の該化合物の濃度をLC/MS/MS分析により決定した。遊離画分は、緩衝液と血清の濃度の割合として規定した。
内因性クリアランスを、ヒトの男女混合した肝臓ミクロソーム(0.5 mg/mL タンパク質)中で1 mM NADPHの存在下において37℃で試験化合物(1 μM)のインキュベーションにより決定した。試験化合物の消失を、LC/MSにより0、5、10、20および30分間追跡した。化合物濃度の減少する傾きを用いて、文献で報告された標準的方法を用いてヒト内因性クリアランスを計算した。
Claims (25)
- 3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(3-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル;
3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(2-ヒドロキシシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル;および
3-(4-(7H-ピロロ[2,3-d]ピリミジン-4-イル)-1H-ピラゾール-1-イル)-3-(3-オキソシクロペンチル)プロパンニトリル、
から選択される化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩。 - 請求項1の化合物またはその医薬上許容される塩、および少なくとも1つの医薬上許容される担体を含む、医薬組成物。
- 経口投与に好適である、請求項2記載の医薬組成物。
- JAKの活性を調節するための、請求項1の化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩を含む医薬組成物。
- 該調節が阻害である、請求項4記載の医薬組成物。
- JAK活性と関連した疾患を処置するための、治療上有効量の請求項1の化合物、またはその医薬上許容される塩を含む、医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が、同種移植片拒絶反応または移植対宿主疾患である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 疾患が自己免疫疾患である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が皮膚障害である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患がウイルス性疾患である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が癌である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該癌が固体腫瘍である、請求項11記載の医薬組成物。
- 該癌が、前立腺癌、腎臓、肝臓癌、乳癌、肺癌、甲状腺癌、カポジ肉腫、キャッスルマン病または膵臓癌である、請求項12記載の医薬組成物。
- 該癌が皮膚癌である、請求項11記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が変異体JAK2を特徴とする、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が骨髄増殖性障害である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が炎症性疾患である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該炎症性疾患が炎症性筋疾患である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が虚血再灌流であるか、または虚血事象に関連がある、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が、癌に起因または関連する食欲不振または悪液質である、請求項6記載の医薬組成物。
- 該疾患が、癌に起因または関連する疲労である、請求項6記載の組成物。
- 癌、関節リウマチまたは乾癬を処置するための、治療上有効量の請求項1の化合物またはその医薬上許容される塩を含む、医薬組成物。
- 該癌が、前立腺癌、多発性骨髄腫、菌状息肉腫または血液癌である、請求項22記載の医薬組成物。
- 該血液癌が、慢性骨髄性白血病(CML)、急性リンパ芽球性白血病(ALL)または慢性骨髄単球性白血病(CMML)である、請求項23記載の医薬組成物。
- 骨髄線維症を伴う骨髄化生(MMM)、真性多血症(PV) または本態性血小板血症(ET)を処置するための、治療上有効量の請求項1の化合物またはその医薬上許容される塩を含む、医薬組成物。
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