JP5011468B2 - 金属または金属合金の生成方法、電解セル、および溶融塩電解質 - Google Patents
金属または金属合金の生成方法、電解セル、および溶融塩電解質 Download PDFInfo
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- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
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- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1281—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using carbon containing agents, e.g. C, CO, carbides
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- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
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- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
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- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
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- C25C3/26—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium
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- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/34—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of metals not provided for in groups C25C3/02 - C25C3/32
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- C25C3/36—Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions
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- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C5/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses
- C25C5/04—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses from melts
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Description
Kroll法[2]では、TiCl4を、アルゴン雰囲気中約800℃で、溶融マグネシウムで還元する。これは、下記の反応に従って、スポンジ状の塊として金属チタンを生成する。
上記反応から、過剰なMgおよびMgCl2を、約1000℃の真空中で揮発させることによって除去する。次いでMgCl2を分離し、電気分解により再生して、TiCl4をさらに還元するための還元剤として、Mgを生成する。Hunter法[3、4]では、ナトリウムを、下記の反応による還元剤として使用する。
Kroll法およびHunter法のいずれかによって生成されたチタンは、有用なチタン形態へのさらなる処理に向けてチタンスポンジを遊離させるため、真空蒸留によって、および/または酸性化溶液に浸出させることによって、還元剤であるハロゲン化物から分離しなければならないだけでなく、電気分解による還元剤の再生も必要とする。これら多数のステップが原因で、得られるチタンは非常に高価であり、したがってその使用は、コストの影響を受けない用途に制限される。
カソードでは、下記の式の通りである。
TiF6 −3+3e=Ti0+6F−
Claims (6)
- 金属または金属合金の生成方法であって、
前記対象の金属が、チタン、クロム、ハフニウム、モリブデン、ニオブ、タンタル、タングステン、バナジウム、およびジルコニウムから選択され、
融解塩電解質中で、対象の金属イオンを有する前記融解塩電解質に可溶である金属の酸化物と、炭素との複合体で形成されたアノードを、電気化学的に還元する方法であって、
前記融解塩電解質が、NaAlCl4を含むか、又は前記電解質が、塩化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物と、フッ化カリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、およびフッ化リチウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、およびフッ化ナトリウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、およびフッ化ナトリウムの共晶物とからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の生成方法であって、
前記対象の金属が精製されたチタンを含み、
前記アノードは亜酸化チタン−炭素複合体で形成されることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記対象の金属がチタンであり、前記対象金属酸化物が精製されたルチルであり、
前記精製されたルチルはルチルと炭素を不活性雰囲気の中で1200℃を超える温度で反応させて生成させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記対象金属はチタンであり、
前記アノードの炭素は0.01〜100ミクロンの粒子径を有する炭素薄片を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 対象の金属または金属合金を生成するための電解セルであって、
前記対象の金属は、チタン、クロム、ハフニウム、モリブデン、ニオブ、タンタル、タングステン、バナジウム、およびジルコニウムから選択され、
前記セルは、
前記電解質に接触するカソードおよび金属イオンを有する対象の金属の酸化物と炭素との複合体から成るアノードと、セル内に配置され融解塩電解質との組合せからなり、
前記対象金属酸化物は前記融解塩電解質に可溶であり、
前記融解塩電解質が、NaAlCl4を含むか、又は前記電解質が、塩化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物と、フッ化カリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、およびフッ化リチウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、およびフッ化ナトリウムの共晶物と、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、およびフッ化ナトリウムの共晶物とからなる群から選択されることを特徴とするセル。 - 金属または金属合金を生成するための融解塩セルに用いる請求項5に記載の融解塩電解質であって、塩化ナトリウム、塩化リチウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物、フッ化カリウム、フッ化ナトリウム、およびフッ化リチウムの共晶物、又は塩化ナトリウム、塩化カルシウム、および塩化カリウムの共晶物から選択される一種以上の共晶物を含むことを特徴とする溶融塩電解質。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US49698103P | 2003-08-20 | 2003-08-20 | |
US60/496,981 | 2003-08-20 | ||
US10/828,641 US7410562B2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-04-21 | Thermal and electrochemical process for metal production |
US10/828,641 | 2004-04-21 | ||
PCT/US2004/026660 WO2005019501A2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-08-18 | Thermal and electrochemical process for metal production |
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JP2007502915A JP2007502915A (ja) | 2007-02-15 |
JP2007502915A5 JP2007502915A5 (ja) | 2007-09-20 |
JP5011468B2 true JP5011468B2 (ja) | 2012-08-29 |
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JP2006523976A Expired - Fee Related JP5011468B2 (ja) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-08-18 | 金属または金属合金の生成方法、電解セル、および溶融塩電解質 |
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US (3) | US7410562B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1656472B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5011468B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101136586B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN104831318B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004267452B2 (ja) |
CA (3) | CA2860451C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005019501A2 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR101385528B1 (ko) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-04-15 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | 혼합금속산화물로부터 고온 용융염 전해환원에 의한 니켈네오디뮴 합금 제조방법 |
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KR101385528B1 (ko) | 2013-05-07 | 2014-04-15 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | 혼합금속산화물로부터 고온 용융염 전해환원에 의한 니켈네오디뮴 합금 제조방법 |
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EP2322693A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
CN1867702B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
EP1656472A2 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
WO2005019501A2 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
US20060236811A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
WO2005019501A3 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
CA2535978A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
CA2535978C (en) | 2012-08-07 |
CA2860451A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
CN1867702A (zh) | 2006-11-22 |
KR20060064645A (ko) | 2006-06-13 |
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