JP4976402B2 - 実用的な3dビジョンシステムの方法および装置 - Google Patents
実用的な3dビジョンシステムの方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4976402B2 JP4976402B2 JP2008534751A JP2008534751A JP4976402B2 JP 4976402 B2 JP4976402 B2 JP 4976402B2 JP 2008534751 A JP2008534751 A JP 2008534751A JP 2008534751 A JP2008534751 A JP 2008534751A JP 4976402 B2 JP4976402 B2 JP 4976402B2
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- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/10—Image acquisition
- G06V10/12—Details of acquisition arrangements; Constructional details thereof
- G06V10/14—Optical characteristics of the device performing the acquisition or on the illumination arrangements
- G06V10/147—Details of sensors, e.g. sensor lenses
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Description
Claims (24)
- 物体の位置および向きのうちの少なくとも1つを3次元で求めるための、3次元(3D)ビジョンの方法であって、
A 前記物体の画像をそれぞれの異なる視点から取得するように配設された複数台のカメラを、それぞれのカメラのレンズから発する、そのカメラの視野内のピクセル位置に対応する3D空間内の光線を特定するマッピング関数を識別するように較正するステップと、
B 前記複数台のカメラに付随する機能を前記複数台のカメラによって実質的に同時に取得された画像から、前記複数台のカメラによって実行時中に取得されるべき前記物体の画像内にある期待パターンを認識するようにトレーニングし、(i)前記期待パターンの共通の基準点及び(ii)前記物体上にある前記共通の基準点の3D空間内での期待位置に関して前記機能をトレーニングするステップであって、前記機能は、コードシーケンス、サブルーチン、関数、オブジェクト、データ構造および関連ソフトウェアのうちの少なくとも1つの機能を含む、それら機能の動作中に行われるトレーニングするステップと、
C 実行時中に、以下の(i)〜(iii)のステップを行うステップと、
(i)前記複数台のカメラの少なくとも2台以上のカメラで前記物体の画像を取得し、
(ii)前記期待パターンの3D空間内での位置を、前記複数台のカメラによって取得された前記物体の画像内にある前記共通の基準点のピクセル位置に対応する3D空間内の光線の交差する点に基づいて、各カメラのそれぞれについて特定された前記光線に基づいた三角測量を行い、
(iii)3D空間内での前記物体の位置及び向きの少なくとも1つを、前記物体上の前記期待パターンの前記期待位置における関数として及び3D空間内のそのようなパターンの前記三角測量された位置における関数として、決定する
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記ステップ(C)の(ii)は、3D空間内での前記位置を、前記複数台のカメラによって実質的に同時に撮影された前記物体の画像から三角測量することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- D 前記複数のパターンが残りのカメラからの画像とは一致しない、かつ/または実質的に食い違う位置にあるように見える画像を生成する、選択されたカメラを再較正するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(D)は、前記ステップ(C)において前記残りのカメラからの画像から求められた3D空間内での位置を使用して、前記選択されたカメラのレンズから発する、そのカメラの視野内のピクセル位置に対応する3D空間内の光線を特定するマッピング関数を識別することを含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、各位置決め目標を3D空間内の既知の各位置に配置すること、およびそれらの位置と前記複数台のカメラの視野内にあるそれぞれの目標の前記ピクセルに関する位置との間の相関関係を特徴付けることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、前記相関関係をアルゴリズム的に特徴付けることを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、位置決め目標のうちの1つまたは複数を配置し、それらが前記マッピング関数を識別する目的で複数台のカメラによって同時に結像されることを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、前記マッピング関数を識別するために、1つまたは複数の較正プレート上に配設される位置決め目標を結像することを含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(A)は、1台または複数台のカメラに関して、そのカメラの視野内の歪みを考慮に入れたマッピング関数を識別することを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記複数台のカメラに付随する前記機能を、結像されることが期待される前記物体の、文字、数字、他の記号、隅部、または他の識別可能な特徴のいずれかを含む期待パターンを認識するようにトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記複数台のカメラに付随する前記機能を、結像されることが期待される前記物体上にある前記パターン及び前記共通の基準点の少なくとも1つにおける相互の3D空間内での期待位置に関してトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記複数台のカメラに付随する前記機能を、ユーザ入力に基づく前記期待位置に関してトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記複数台のカメラに付随する前記機能を3D空間内での期待位置に関して、実際の位置を(i)トレーニング中の物体の画像内にあるそれらのパターンのピクセルに関する位置、および(ii)前記ステップ(A)中に識別されたマッピングから三角測量することによってトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記機能を、類似モデルを使用して異なるカメラ相互間で類似パターンを特定するようにトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、前記機能を、(i)異なるモデルを使用して異なるカメラ相互間で類似パターンを特定するように、また(ii)そのように特定された前記類似パターンに関する類似基準点を特定するようにトレーニングすることを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(B)は、1台のカメラからの画像内にある期待パターンを、別のカメラからの画像内にあるそのパターンの以前の特定に基づいて検出することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、前記パターンの前記位置を、パターンマッチングまたは他の2次元ビジョンツールを使用して三角測量することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、3D空間内での前記パターンの前記位置を、複数台のカメラからの複数本の3D光線であって該パターンがその上にあるように見える複数本の3D光線の交差する点に最も近い点から三角測量することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、3D空間内での前記パターンの前記位置を、
(i)複数台のカメラからの複数本の3D光線であって前記パターンがその上にあるように見える複数本の3D光線の交差する点に最も近い点
(ii)前記パターン以外のパターンがその上にあるように見える、1台または複数台のカメラからの1本または複数本の3D光線、
(iii)前記複数のパターンの期待位置、
のうちの1つまたは複数から三角測量することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ステップ(C)は、類似モデルを使用して、異なるカメラによって取得される前記物体の画像内にある前記パターンを特定することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、(i)異なるモデルを使用して、異なるカメラによって取得される前記物体の画像内にある前記パターンを特定すること、および(ii)当該パターンに関する類似基準点を、それが異なるモデルを使用して特定されたにも関わらず特定することを含むことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、前記パターンのうちの1つまたは複数が前記物体の画像内で検出されない場合でさえ、前記物体の3D空間内での前記位置を三角測量することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(C)は、前記物体の画像内にある前記パターンの検出を、そのような検出がある遅延間隔を超える場合に中止することを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1、2、5、15のいずれかに従って動作することを特徴とするマシンビジョンシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/246,024 | 2005-10-07 | ||
| US11/246,024 US8111904B2 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2005-10-07 | Methods and apparatus for practical 3D vision system |
| PCT/US2006/039324 WO2007044629A2 (en) | 2005-10-07 | 2006-10-06 | Methods and apparatus for practical 3d vision system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2009511881A JP2009511881A (ja) | 2009-03-19 |
| JP4976402B2 true JP4976402B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
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| JP2008534751A Expired - Fee Related JP4976402B2 (ja) | 2005-10-07 | 2006-10-06 | 実用的な3dビジョンシステムの方法および装置 |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US8111904B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4976402B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112006002674B4 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2007044629A2 (ja) |
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| DE112006002674T5 (de) | 2008-09-11 |
| US8111904B2 (en) | 2012-02-07 |
| WO2007044629A2 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| JP2009511881A (ja) | 2009-03-19 |
| WO2007044629A3 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
| DE112006002674B4 (de) | 2019-05-09 |
| US20070081714A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
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