JP4836797B2 - 放出制御性無菌注射アリピプラゾール製剤および方法 - Google Patents
放出制御性無菌注射アリピプラゾール製剤および方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4836797B2 JP4836797B2 JP2006536693A JP2006536693A JP4836797B2 JP 4836797 B2 JP4836797 B2 JP 4836797B2 JP 2006536693 A JP2006536693 A JP 2006536693A JP 2006536693 A JP2006536693 A JP 2006536693A JP 4836797 B2 JP4836797 B2 JP 4836797B2
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- Prior art keywords
- aripiprazole
- sterile
- formulation
- lyophilized
- suspension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/4965—Non-condensed pyrazines
- A61K31/497—Non-condensed pyrazines containing further heterocyclic rings
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- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
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Description
本願は、米国仮出願第60/513,618号からの優先権の利益を主張し、この全ての開示は、本明細書中に参照により組込まれる。
米国特許第5,006,528号(Oshiroら)は、ドーパミン作動性神経伝達物質アンタゴニストとして、アリピプラゾールを包含する7−[(4−フェニルピペラジノ)−ブトキシ]カルボスチリル類を開示している。
本発明によれば、注射用水で構成されると、少なくとも約1週間、そして好ましくは約2、3または4週間そして6週間以上までの期間、治療量で、アリピプラゾールを放出する、無菌凍結乾燥アリピプラゾール製剤が、提供される。本発明の凍結乾燥アリピプラゾール製剤は、以下:
(a)アリピプラゾール、および
(b)該アリピプラゾールのためのビヒクル、
を含み、該製剤は、水で構成されると、(好ましくは、筋肉内に)注射されると少なくとも1週間、好ましくは2、3または4週間そして6週間以上までの期間、治療量のアリピプラゾールを放出する注射懸濁液を形成する。
(a)アリピプラゾール、
(b)1以上の懸濁化剤(suspending agents)、
(c)必要に応じて1以上のバルキング剤(bulking agents)、
(d)必要に応じて1以上の緩衝剤、および
(e)必要に応じて1以上のpH調整剤。
(a)アリピプラゾール、
(b)そのためのビヒクル、および
(c)注射用水。
(a)所望の粒度分布および約5〜約100ミクロンの範囲内の平均粒子径を好ましくは有する、無菌アリピプラゾール原末(sterile bulk aripiprazole)を調製する工程、
(b)該無菌アリピプラゾール原末のための無菌ビヒクルを調製する工程、
(c)該無菌アリピプラゾール原末と該無菌ビヒクルを混合して、無菌一次懸濁液を形成する工程、
(d)該無菌一次懸濁液中のアリピプラゾールの平均粒子径を、約1〜約30ミクロンの範囲内に減少させて、最終無菌懸濁液を形成する工程、および
(e)該最終無菌懸濁液を凍結乾燥して、所望の多型形態(無水物、一水和物、または両方の混合物)のアリピプラゾールの無菌凍結乾燥懸濁液を形成する工程、
を包含する、上述の無菌凍結乾燥アリピプラゾール製剤の製造方法が提供される。
本発明の放出制御性無菌注射アリピプラゾール製剤は、該無菌注射製剤の重量に基づいて約1〜約40重量%、好ましくは約5〜約20重量%、そしてより好ましくは約8〜約15重量%の範囲内の量でアリピプラゾールを含む。
A.アリピプラゾール、ならびに
B.そのためのビヒクル[これは、
(a)1以上の懸濁化剤、
(b)1以上のバルキング剤、
(c)1以上の緩衝剤、および
(d)必要に応じて1以上のpH調整剤
を含む]。
アリピプラゾール無水結晶Bは、周知の方法、例えば、日本国特許公開公報191256/1990の実施例1に記載されるように7−(4−ブロモブトキシ)−3,4−ジヒドロカルボスチリルと1−(2,3−ジクロロフェニル)ピペリジンとを反応させそして得られる原料アリピプラゾール結晶をエタノールで再結晶させることによって、作製される。
アリピプラゾール無水結晶Bは、少なくとも60℃そして90℃未満の温度で、従来のアリピプラゾール水和物を加熱することによって、作製される。加熱時間は、加熱温度に依存して、一般的に約1〜30時間である。加熱時間および加熱温度は、上述のように、反比例する。具体的には、アリピプラゾール水和物の加熱温度が約60℃である場合、加熱温度は約8時間であり得、一方、加熱温度が80℃である場合、加熱時間は約4時間であり得る。
アリピプラゾール水和物は、含水溶媒(hydrous solvent)中に、上記方法aによって得られたアリピプラゾール無水結晶を溶解させ、そして得られる溶液を加熱次いで冷却することによって、得られる。この方法を使用して、アリピプラゾール水和物は、該含水溶媒中で、結晶として析出される。
実施例1
アリピプラゾール注射(IM Depot)水性懸濁液(200mgアリピプラゾール/2mL、200mg/バイアル)を、以下のように調製した。
アリピプラゾールの微粒子分散液(microparticulate dispersion)を、DYNO(登録商標)−MILL(Willy A. Bachoffen AG Maschinenfabrik,Basel,Switzerland製のType KDL A)を使用して調製した。
アリピプラゾール 100g
カルボキシメチルセルロース、ナトリウム塩7L2P 9.0g
マンニトール 45g
リン酸ナトリウム、一塩基性 0.8g
水酸化ナトリウム溶液、1N pHを7.0へ調整するための十分量
注射用水、USP 1040gまでの十分量。
粉砕容器:冷却水用ジャケット付き0.6Lステンレス鋼ベッセル(water jacketed 0.6 L stainless steel vessel)
冷却水温度:15℃(±5℃)
撹拌速度:2500rpm
粉砕媒体:超高密度(VHD)酸化ジルコニウムビーズ500mL
懸濁液流量:10L/h
ミリング時間:6分。
(a)熱処理:プロダクトを、0.1〜1時間、−40℃で凍結させ、そして少なくとも3時間、−40℃で維持する、
(b)コンデンサー(condenser)を−50℃以下に冷却する、
(c)一次乾燥:チャンバ圧を約100ミクロンHgへ低下させ、そしてプロダクト温度を約2時間を要して−5℃へ上昇させ;少なくとも48時間、−5℃および100ミクロンHgで一次乾燥を継続する、
(d)無菌窒素または空気を使用して、大気圧または部分真空下で、バイアルに栓をし、そしてフリーズドライヤーから取り出す、
(e)適当なシールでバイアルを密封しそしてラベルする。
アリピプラゾール注射(IM Depot)水性懸濁液(200mgアリピプラゾール/2mL、200mg/バイアル)を、以下のように調製した。
衝突噴流結晶化によって調製されたアリピプラゾールマイクロサスペンジョン
アリピプラゾールの微粒子分散液(microparticulate dispersion)を、衝突噴流結晶化(impinging jet crystallization)を使用して調製した。
1. 95%エタノール2000mL中に、アリピプラゾール100gを懸濁させる。該懸濁液を、それが透明な溶液となるまで、80℃へ加熱する。
アリピプラゾール(衝突噴流結晶化によって調製) 100g
カルボキシメチルセルロース、ナトリウム塩7L2P 9.0g
マンニトール 45g
リン酸ナトリウム、一塩基性 0.8g
水酸化ナトリウム溶液、1N pHを7.0へ調整するための十分量
注射用水、USP 1040gまでの十分量。
10%<0.4μ
50%<1.6μ
75%<3.3μ
90%<5.9μ
95%<7.5μ。
(a)熱処理:プロダクトを、0.1〜1時間、−40℃で凍結させ、そして少なくとも6時間、−40℃で維持する、
(b)コンデンサー(condenser)を−50℃以下に冷却する、
(c)一次乾燥:チャンバ圧を約100ミクロンHgへ低下させ、そしてプロダクト温度を約2時間を要して−5℃へ上昇させ;少なくとも48時間、−5℃および100ミクロンHgで一次乾燥を継続する、
(d)無菌窒素または空気を使用して、大気圧または部分真空下で、バイアルに栓をし、そしてフリーズドライヤーから取り出す、
(e)適当なシールでバイアルを密封しそしてラベルする。
A.ラットにおける単回投与I.M.デポ研究
実施例1において調製されたアリピプラゾールI.M.デポ製剤(I. M. depot formulation)を、12.5、25、および50mg/kgの用量で、15匹のラット(M−雄性、F−雌性)の大腿筋中へ注射した。アリピプラゾールI.M.デポ投与後の全身性暴露の評価のために、血液サンプルを、第1(投与後6時間)、2、4、7、10、15、22、28、36および43日に採取し、そしてアリピプラゾールについて分析した。図1は、ラットにおけるアリピプラゾールの平均血漿濃度vs.時間プロファイルを示している。
実施例1において調製されたアリピプラゾール筋肉内(intramuscular)(I.M.)デポ製剤を、100、200、および400mgの用量で、5匹のイヌ(M−雄性、F−雌性)の大腿筋中へ注射した。アリピプラゾールI.M.デポ投与後の全身性暴露の評価のために、血液サンプルを、第1(投与後10および30分、ならびに1、3および8時間)、2、4、7、10、15、22、28、36および42日に採取し、そしてアリピプラゾールについて分析した。図2は、イヌにおけるアリピプラゾールの平均血漿濃度vs.時間プロファイルを示している。
平均アリピプラゾールラット血清濃度−時間プロファイルを、図1においてグラフとして示す。アリピプラゾール水性懸濁液は、ラットモデルにおいて少なくとも4週間、安定した血清濃度を示した。
患者における単回投与I.M.デポ研究
実施例1において調製されたアリピプラゾールI.M.デポ製剤を、慢性の安定した統合失調症または統合失調性感情障害(schizoaffective disorder)と診断された患者へ筋肉内投与した。研究デザインは、全ての被検者へ5mg用量のアリピプラゾール溶液を投与することを包含し、患者一人当たり15、50および100mgでのIMデポの単回投与が続いた。PK分析のためのサンプルを、アリピプラゾールの血漿濃度が2連続の訪問について定量の下限値(lower limit of quantification)(LLQ)未満となるまで、採取した。
Claims (15)
- (a)アリピプラゾール、および
(b)そのためのビヒクル、
を含む、無菌凍結乾燥放出制御性アリピプラゾール製剤であって、アリピプラゾールは1〜10ミクロンの範囲内の平均粒子径を有し、該製剤は、水で構成されると、注射されると少なくとも2週間アリピプラゾールを放出する無菌注射製剤を形成する、製剤。 - 注射用水で構成されると、少なくとも3週間アリピプラゾールを放出する、請求項1に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- 2.5ミクロンの平均粒子径を有する、請求項2に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- 前記ビヒクルが、
(a)1以上の懸濁化剤、
(b)1以上のバルキング剤、および
(c)1以上の緩衝剤、
を含む、請求項1に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。 - 更にpH調整剤を含む、請求項4に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- (a)アリピプラゾール、
(b)カルボキシメチルセルロースまたはそのナトリウム塩、
(c)マンニトール、及び
(d)リン酸ナトリウム
を含む、水で構成されそして注射されると、少なくとも3週間アリピプラゾールを放出する、請求項5に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。 - (a)アリピプラゾール、
(b)カルボキシメチルセルロースまたはそのナトリウム塩、
(c)マンニトール、
(d)リン酸ナトリウム、および
(e)水酸化ナトリウム
を含む、水で構成されそして注射されると、少なくとも3週間アリピプラゾールを放出する、請求項5に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。 - 凍結乾燥製剤の水性懸濁液のpHが6〜8に調製された、請求項6又は7に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- 水で再構成されそして注射されると、4週間アリピプラゾールを放出する、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- 前記アリピプラゾールが、無水結晶の形態であるか、または一水和物の形態である、請求項9に記載の凍結乾燥製剤。
- (a)所望の粒度分布を有する無菌アリピプラゾール原末を調製する工程、
(b)該無菌アリピプラゾール原末のための無菌ビヒクルを調製する工程、
(c)該無菌アリピプラゾールと該無菌ビヒクルを混合して、無菌固体混合物を含む無菌一次懸濁液を形成する工程、
(d)該無菌一次懸濁液中の該無菌固体混合物の平均粒子径を、1〜10ミクロンの範囲内に減少させて、無菌最終懸濁液を形成する工程、および
(e)該無菌最終懸濁液を凍結乾燥して、凍結乾燥製剤を形成する工程
を包含する、請求項1に記載の無菌凍結乾燥製剤の製造方法。 - 前記無菌一次懸濁液中の無菌固体混合物の平均粒子径を減少させる工程が、湿式粉砕を使用して行われる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記湿式粉砕が湿式ボールミリングを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結乾燥工程が、前記無菌最終懸濁液を−40℃へ冷却し、そして該冷却された無菌最終懸濁液を0℃未満で乾燥して、その一水和物の形態の凍結乾燥アリピプラゾールを形成することによって行われる、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記無菌最終懸濁液の凍結乾燥工程が、(1)−40℃での該無菌最終懸濁液の冷却を包含する凍結段階、(2)0℃未満で行われる一次乾燥段階、および(3)0℃超で行われる二次乾燥段階の3段階で行われて、無水形態のアリピプラゾールを形成する、請求項11に記載の方法。
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