JP3687976B2 - 反射状態と透過状態との間で切換可能な光学パネル - Google Patents

反射状態と透過状態との間で切換可能な光学パネル Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP3687976B2
JP3687976B2 JP50441697A JP50441697A JP3687976B2 JP 3687976 B2 JP3687976 B2 JP 3687976B2 JP 50441697 A JP50441697 A JP 50441697A JP 50441697 A JP50441697 A JP 50441697A JP 3687976 B2 JP3687976 B2 JP 3687976B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
polarizer
reflective
liquid crystal
switchable
optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP50441697A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH11508377A (ja
JPH11508377A5 (enExample
Inventor
ウェーバー，マイケル・エフ
オーダーカーク，アンドリュー・ジェイ
アースチューン，デイビッド・ジェイ
Original Assignee
ミネソタ・マイニング・アンド・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ミネソタ・マイニング・アンド・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー filed Critical ミネソタ・マイニング・アンド・マニュファクチャリング・カンパニー
Publication of JPH11508377A publication Critical patent/JPH11508377A/ja
Publication of JPH11508377A5 publication Critical patent/JPH11508377A5/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3687976B2 publication Critical patent/JP3687976B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133536—Reflective polarizers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133545—Dielectric stack polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133626—Illuminating devices providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/09—Function characteristic transflective
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0456—Pixel structures with a reflective area and a transmissive area combined in one pixel, such as in transflectance pixels

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
JP50441697A 1995-06-26 1996-06-03 反射状態と透過状態との間で切換可能な光学パネル Expired - Fee Related JP3687976B2 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/494,916 1995-06-26
US08/494,916 US5686979A (en) 1995-06-26 1995-06-26 Optical panel capable of switching between reflective and transmissive states
PCT/US1996/008303 WO1997001789A2 (en) 1995-06-26 1996-06-03 Optical panel capable of switching between reflective and transmissive states

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH11508377A JPH11508377A (ja) 1999-07-21
JPH11508377A5 JPH11508377A5 (enExample) 2004-08-05
JP3687976B2 true JP3687976B2 (ja) 2005-08-24

Family

ID=23966492

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP50441697A Expired - Fee Related JP3687976B2 (ja) 1995-06-26 1996-06-03 反射状態と透過状態との間で切換可能な光学パネル

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5686979A (enExample)
EP (1) EP0835475B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP3687976B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR19990028381A (enExample)
AU (1) AU5964696A (enExample)
BR (1) BR9608641A (enExample)
CA (1) CA2224324A1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE69633283T2 (enExample)
IL (1) IL122294A0 (enExample)
MY (1) MY132180A (enExample)
WO (1) WO1997001789A2 (enExample)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017165539A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Marketing Displays, Inc. Graphic mirror

Families Citing this family (412)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6473143B2 (en) * 1991-11-27 2002-10-29 Reveo, Inc. Broadband switchable polarizer
US6912018B2 (en) * 1991-11-27 2005-06-28 Inventqjaya Sdn. Bhd. Electro-optical glazing structures having total-reflection and transparent modes of operation for use in dynamical control of electromagnetic radiation
US6671008B1 (en) 1991-11-27 2003-12-30 Reveo, Inc. Electro-optical glazing structures having scattering and transparent modes of operation and methods and apparatus for making the same
US6559903B2 (en) * 1991-11-27 2003-05-06 Reveo, Inc. Non-absorptive electro-optical glazing structure employing composite infrared reflective polarizing filter
US6072549A (en) * 1991-11-27 2000-06-06 Reveo Inc "Intelligent" glazing structures with additional control layers
US6633354B2 (en) 1991-11-27 2003-10-14 Reveo, Inc. Spectrum-controllable reflective polarizers having electrically-switchable modes of operation
US6369868B1 (en) * 1998-06-05 2002-04-09 Reveo, Inc. Liquid crystal polarizer with electrically controllable bandwidth
US5940150A (en) * 1991-11-27 1999-08-17 Reveo, Inc. Electro-optical glazing structures having total-reflection and transparent modes of operation for use in dynamical control of electromagnetic radiation
US20050007505A1 (en) * 1991-11-27 2005-01-13 Faris Sadeg M. Electro-optical glazing structures having reflection and transparent modes of operation
USRE37377E1 (en) 1992-10-09 2001-09-18 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. LCD device including an illumination device having a polarized light separating sheet between a light guide and the display
US5910854A (en) 1993-02-26 1999-06-08 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic polymeric solid films, manufacturing electrochromic devices using such solid films, and processes for making such solid films and devices
US6804058B1 (en) 1993-12-21 2004-10-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Electroluminescent light source and display incorporating same
US6025897A (en) 1993-12-21 2000-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Co. Display with reflective polarizer and randomizing cavity
US6096375A (en) 1993-12-21 2000-08-01 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical polarizer
JP3971455B2 (ja) * 1993-12-21 2007-09-05 スリーエム カンパニー 多層光学フィルム
US5882774A (en) 1993-12-21 1999-03-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Optical film
US6498683B2 (en) 1999-11-22 2002-12-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer optical bodies
US6101032A (en) 1994-04-06 2000-08-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Light fixture having a multilayer polymeric film
US5668663A (en) 1994-05-05 1997-09-16 Donnelly Corporation Electrochromic mirrors and devices
JP3318852B2 (ja) * 1994-08-16 2002-08-26 ソニー株式会社 テレビジョン受像機
US6891563B2 (en) * 1996-05-22 2005-05-10 Donnelly Corporation Vehicular vision system
US6080467A (en) 1995-06-26 2000-06-27 3M Innovative Properties Company High efficiency optical devices
US5699188A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-12-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. Metal-coated multilayer mirror
DE69617016T2 (de) 1995-06-26 2002-07-18 Minnesota Mining And Mfg. Co., Saint Paul Durchsichtiges Mehrschichtgerät
US6088067A (en) * 1995-06-26 2000-07-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid crystal display projection system using multilayer optical film polarizers
US6737154B2 (en) 1995-06-26 2004-05-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer polymer film with additional coatings or layers
EP0832392B1 (en) 1995-06-26 2003-08-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Backlight system with multilayer optical film reflector
CN1106937C (zh) 1995-06-26 2003-04-30 美国3M公司 带有附加涂层或附加层的多层聚合物薄膜
JPH11508376A (ja) * 1995-06-26 1999-07-21 ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー 拡散反射多層偏光子および拡散反射多層反射鏡
EP0871923A1 (en) 1995-06-26 1998-10-21 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Transflective displays with reflective polarizing transflector
US20030071937A1 (en) * 1995-10-30 2003-04-17 Li Jian-Feng Broadband switchable polarizer
US6590705B1 (en) 1996-02-29 2003-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film with co-continuous phases
DE69721505T2 (de) 1996-02-29 2003-11-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company, St. Paul Film zur helligkeitserhoehung
US5825543A (en) * 1996-02-29 1998-10-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Diffusely reflecting polarizing element including a first birefringent phase and a second phase
US5867316A (en) * 1996-02-29 1999-02-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Multilayer film having a continuous and disperse phase
US5808794A (en) * 1996-07-31 1998-09-15 Weber; Michael F. Reflective polarizers having extended red band edge for controlled off axis color
JPH10115826A (ja) * 1996-08-23 1998-05-06 Seiko Epson Corp 表示素子およびそれを用いた電子機器
JP3331903B2 (ja) 1996-08-23 2002-10-07 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示素子及びそれを用いた電子機器
KR100582861B1 (ko) * 1996-09-17 2006-05-25 세이코 엡슨 가부시키가이샤 표시 장치 및 그 표시 장치를 사용한 전자 기기
WO1998012595A1 (en) 1996-09-17 1998-03-26 Seiko Epson Corporation Display and electronic apparatus using the same
JP3339334B2 (ja) * 1996-12-05 2002-10-28 松下電器産業株式会社 反射型液晶表示素子
WO1998032046A1 (en) * 1997-01-17 1998-07-23 Seiko Epson Corporation Liquid crystal device and electronic apparatus using it
JPH10260403A (ja) * 1997-01-20 1998-09-29 Seiko Epson Corp 液晶装置及び電子機器
JPH10293212A (ja) * 1997-02-18 1998-11-04 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd バックライト及び液晶表示装置
US6977695B2 (en) * 1997-02-26 2005-12-20 Reveo, Inc. Variable optical attenuator based on electrically switchable cholesteric liquid crystal reflective polarizers
US6064521A (en) * 1997-05-14 2000-05-16 Burke; Douglas Polarizing resonant scattering three dimensional image screen and display systems
US6529250B1 (en) * 1997-05-22 2003-03-04 Seiko Epson Corporation Projector
JP3702643B2 (ja) * 1997-06-09 2005-10-05 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及び電子時計
JPH11194185A (ja) * 1997-06-09 1999-07-21 Seiko Epson Corp 電子時計
DE69823425T2 (de) * 1997-06-09 2005-05-19 Seiko Epson Corp. Elektronische Uhr
WO1998057220A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1998-12-17 Seiko Epson Corporation Display, and electronic devices and polarization separators made by using the same
US6300989B1 (en) 1997-06-13 2001-10-09 Seiko Epson Corporation Display device using polarized light separating means and electronic apparatus using the same
US6291110B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2001-09-18 Pixelligent Technologies Llc Methods for transferring a two-dimensional programmable exposure pattern for photolithography
BR9806101A (pt) * 1997-06-30 1999-08-31 Citizen Watch Co Ltda Relógio.
JPH1124065A (ja) * 1997-07-07 1999-01-29 Sharp Corp 液晶表示装置
JPH1184034A (ja) * 1997-07-09 1999-03-26 Seiko Epson Corp 電子時計
WO1999004313A1 (en) * 1997-07-14 1999-01-28 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display
CN1114123C (zh) * 1997-07-18 2003-07-09 时至准钟表股份有限公司 液晶显示面板
KR100334470B1 (ko) * 1997-07-18 2002-04-26 하루타 히로시 액정표시장치
US6067136A (en) * 1997-07-23 2000-05-23 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Birefringence-type color liquid crystal display device
WO1999005562A1 (en) * 1997-07-25 1999-02-04 Seiko Epson Corporation Display and electronic device equipped with the same
WO1999005563A1 (en) 1997-07-25 1999-02-04 Seiko Epson Corporation Display and electronic apparatus employing the same
WO1999006877A1 (en) 1997-07-30 1999-02-11 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display
JPH11174172A (ja) * 1997-07-30 1999-07-02 Citizen Watch Co Ltd 時 計
US6930738B1 (en) 1997-07-30 2005-08-16 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display with particular reflective switched states
JP3094961B2 (ja) * 1997-07-31 2000-10-03 日本電気株式会社 液晶表示素子
DE69812366T2 (de) * 1997-08-01 2003-10-23 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Flüssigkristallanzeige für uhren
JP3802658B2 (ja) * 1997-08-07 2006-07-26 セイコーエプソン株式会社 液晶表示装置及びそれを用いた電子機器
RU2124746C1 (ru) * 1997-08-11 1999-01-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Кванта Инвест" Дихроичный поляризатор
US6326613B1 (en) 1998-01-07 2001-12-04 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle interior mirror assembly adapted for containing a rain sensor
US6172613B1 (en) 1998-02-18 2001-01-09 Donnelly Corporation Rearview mirror assembly incorporating vehicle information display
JP3210274B2 (ja) 1997-08-25 2001-09-17 松下電器産業株式会社 反射型液晶表示素子
US6124886A (en) 1997-08-25 2000-09-26 Donnelly Corporation Modular rearview mirror assembly
US8294975B2 (en) 1997-08-25 2012-10-23 Donnelly Corporation Automotive rearview mirror assembly
JP3460588B2 (ja) * 1997-09-18 2003-10-27 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及びそれを用いた電子機器
US6798468B1 (en) * 1997-09-18 2004-09-28 Seiko Epson Corporation Display device with a light-reflective polarizer and electronic apparatus employing the same
US6627300B1 (en) 1997-10-12 2003-09-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device containing polymeric material domains having different degrees of randomness
DE69839449D1 (de) * 1997-10-16 2008-06-19 Citizen Holdings Co Ltd Transflektive Flüssigkristallanzeige
US6486997B1 (en) 1997-10-28 2002-11-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective LCD projection system using wide-angle Cartesian polarizing beam splitter
US7023602B2 (en) 1999-05-17 2006-04-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective LCD projection system using wide-angle Cartesian polarizing beam splitter and color separation and recombination prisms
JP3614001B2 (ja) 1997-12-03 2005-01-26 セイコーエプソン株式会社 投影装置
US5999316A (en) * 1997-12-06 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Light valve with rotating polarizing element
US6262843B1 (en) * 1997-12-31 2001-07-17 Qwest Communications Int'l, Inc. Polarizing privacy system for use with a visual display terminal
US6445287B1 (en) 2000-02-28 2002-09-03 Donnelly Corporation Tire inflation assistance monitoring system
US8288711B2 (en) 1998-01-07 2012-10-16 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with forwardly-viewing camera and a control
US6690268B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2004-02-10 Donnelly Corporation Video mirror systems incorporating an accessory module
US6808658B2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2004-10-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making texture multilayer optical films
US6082876A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-07-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Hand-holdable toy light tube with color changing film
US6045894A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Clear to colored security film
US6157490A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-12-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film with sharpened bandedge
US6926952B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2005-08-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Anti-reflective polymer constructions and method for producing same
US6024455A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective article with concealed retroreflective pattern
US6049419A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-04-11 3M Innovative Properties Co Multilayer infrared reflecting optical body
US6157486A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-12-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Retroreflective dichroic reflector
US6531230B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2003-03-11 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film
DE69924354T2 (de) 1998-01-13 2006-03-09 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company, St. Paul Modifizierte copolyester und verbesserte reflektierende mehrschichtfolie
US6569515B2 (en) 1998-01-13 2003-05-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayered polymer films with recyclable or recycled layers
US6012820A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-01-11 3M Innovative Properties Compnay Lighted hand-holdable novelty article
US6967778B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2005-11-22 3M Innovative Properties Co. Optical film with sharpened bandedge
US6053795A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Toy having image mode and changed image mode
US6788463B2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2004-09-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Post-formable multilayer optical films and methods of forming
US5999317A (en) * 1998-01-13 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Toy mirror with transmissive image mode
US6179948B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2001-01-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film and process for manufacture thereof
US6207260B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2001-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multicomponent optical body
US6111697A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-08-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device with a dichroic polarizer and a multilayer optical film
US6113811A (en) 1998-01-13 2000-09-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Dichroic polarizing film and optical polarizer containing the film
US6120026A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-09-19 3M Innovative Properties Co. Game with privacy material
US6475609B1 (en) 1998-01-13 2002-11-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film glitter
EP0979328B1 (en) * 1998-01-22 2003-10-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Road marking unit and road marking system
TW565733B (en) * 1998-03-18 2003-12-11 Hitachi Ltd Liquid crystal display device
US6188500B1 (en) * 1998-04-03 2001-02-13 Psc Scanning, Inc. Method for generating multiple scan lines in a thin scanner
KR100703140B1 (ko) 1998-04-08 2007-04-05 이리다임 디스플레이 코포레이션 간섭 변조기 및 그 제조 방법
US6329925B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2001-12-11 Donnelly Corporation Rearview mirror assembly with added feature modular display
US6693517B2 (en) 2000-04-21 2004-02-17 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle mirror assembly communicating wirelessly with vehicle accessories and occupants
US8928967B2 (en) * 1998-04-08 2015-01-06 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method and device for modulating light
US6477464B2 (en) 2000-03-09 2002-11-05 Donnelly Corporation Complete mirror-based global-positioning system (GPS) navigation solution
JPH11316372A (ja) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-16 Seiko Epson Corp 液晶装置および電子機器
US6108131A (en) 1998-05-14 2000-08-22 Moxtek Polarizer apparatus for producing a generally polarized beam of light
US6552850B1 (en) 1998-06-30 2003-04-22 Citicorp Development Center, Inc. Device, method, and system of display for controlled viewing
US6137630A (en) * 1998-07-13 2000-10-24 Industrial Technology Research Institute Thin-film multilayer systems for use in a head-up display
US6749427B1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2004-06-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Dental articles including post-formable multilayer optical films
US6256146B1 (en) 1998-07-31 2001-07-03 3M Innovative Properties Post-forming continuous/disperse phase optical bodies
WO2000019266A1 (en) 1998-09-25 2000-04-06 Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display
US6160663A (en) * 1998-10-01 2000-12-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Film confined to a frame having relative anisotropic expansion characteristics
US6208466B1 (en) 1998-11-25 2001-03-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer reflector with selective transmission
US5986730A (en) * 1998-12-01 1999-11-16 Moxtek Dual mode reflective/transmissive liquid crystal display apparatus
JP3906956B2 (ja) * 1998-12-24 2007-04-18 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ 液晶表示装置
US6455140B1 (en) 1999-01-13 2002-09-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Visible mirror film glitter
WO2000046633A1 (en) 1999-02-01 2000-08-10 Seiko Epson Corporation Display device, electronic device and light guide
US6322236B1 (en) 1999-02-09 2001-11-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical film with defect-reducing surface and method for making same
WO2000049453A1 (en) * 1999-02-17 2000-08-24 Central Research Laboratories Limited Liquid crystal display
DE19906483A1 (de) * 1999-02-17 2000-09-07 Mannesmann Vdo Ag Flüssigkristallanzeige
US6381068B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2002-04-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Reflective projection screen and projection system
KR20020002420A (ko) 1999-04-06 2002-01-09 레베오 인코포레이티드 산란 및 투과 작동 모드를 갖는 전자 광학적 글레이징구조물
EP1090328A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2001-04-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Transflective display device
US6515785B1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2003-02-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical devices using reflecting polarizing materials
JP3383260B2 (ja) * 1999-04-26 2003-03-04 日東電工株式会社 ニュートラル偏光板及び液晶表示装置
US6952310B1 (en) * 1999-05-12 2005-10-04 Nitto Denko Corporation Light pipe and polarized-light source
US6407862B2 (en) 1999-05-14 2002-06-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Electronic projection system with polymeric film optical components
US6972813B1 (en) * 1999-06-09 2005-12-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical laminated bodies, lighting equipment and area luminescence equipment
US7306338B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2007-12-11 Moxtek, Inc Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6447120B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2002-09-10 Moxtex Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
US6666556B2 (en) 1999-07-28 2003-12-23 Moxtek, Inc Image projection system with a polarizing beam splitter
JP2001134221A (ja) * 1999-09-13 2001-05-18 Asulab Sa ２つの重なり合った表示装置を含む表示アセンブリ
JP2001083508A (ja) * 1999-09-14 2001-03-30 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置及びそれを用いた電子機器
WO2001022129A1 (en) 1999-09-20 2001-03-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical films having at least one particle-containing layer
US6822711B1 (en) 1999-09-30 2004-11-23 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display apparatus using polarizing element transmitting one of two polarizing components crossing at right angles and reflecting the other component
US6654170B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2003-11-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical device having continuous and disperse phases
US6673275B1 (en) 1999-10-12 2004-01-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for making optical devices from homopolymers
US6449093B2 (en) 1999-10-12 2002-09-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies made with a birefringent polymer
US6590711B1 (en) 2000-04-03 2003-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Co. Light directing construction having corrosion resistant feature
US6264336B1 (en) 1999-10-22 2001-07-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Display apparatus with corrosion-resistant light directing film
US7042486B2 (en) * 1999-11-30 2006-05-09 Eastman Kodak Company Image capture and display device
US7420585B2 (en) * 1999-11-30 2008-09-02 Eastman Kodak Company Image capture and display device
US6353508B1 (en) 2000-01-06 2002-03-05 Douglas Burke Polarizing fresnel enhanced apparent depth viewing screens and systems
CA2399065C (en) * 2000-02-02 2011-05-10 Trivium Technologies, Inc. Multiflecting light directing film
US6498872B2 (en) * 2000-02-17 2002-12-24 Jds Uniphase Inc. Optical configuration for a dynamic gain equalizer and a configurable add/drop multiplexer
EP1130567B1 (de) * 2000-02-24 2005-11-16 AEG Gesellschaft für moderne Informationssysteme mbH LCD-Pixelmatrixelement und grafikfähige LCD-Anzeigetafel mit einer Mehrzahl von solchen LCD-Pixelmatrixelementen
US7167796B2 (en) 2000-03-09 2007-01-23 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle navigation system for use with a telematics system
WO2007053710A2 (en) 2005-11-01 2007-05-10 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror with display
US7370983B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2008-05-13 Donnelly Corporation Interior mirror assembly with display
US7195381B2 (en) 2001-01-23 2007-03-27 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle interior LED lighting system
US6590707B1 (en) 2000-03-31 2003-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Birefringent reflectors using isotropic materials and form birefringence
WO2001079340A1 (en) 2000-04-13 2001-10-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Light stable articles
US6975455B1 (en) * 2000-04-18 2005-12-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Transflective layer for displays
US7015990B2 (en) * 2000-04-24 2006-03-21 Nitto Denko Corporation Liquid crystal display including O-type and E-type polarizer
US7583335B2 (en) 2000-06-27 2009-09-01 Citizen Holdings Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
JP4412441B2 (ja) * 2000-07-11 2010-02-10 日本電気株式会社 液晶表示装置
AU3486401A (en) 2000-08-21 2002-03-04 3M Innovative Properties Co Loss enhanced reflective optical filters
US6630283B1 (en) 2000-09-07 2003-10-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Photothermographic and photographic elements having a transparent support having antihalation properties and properties for reducing woodgrain
EP1340116A1 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-09-03 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Display device
US6710831B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2004-03-23 Rockwell Scientific Licensing, Llc High brightness transflective LCD and method using tunable mirror
US6591033B2 (en) * 2000-11-06 2003-07-08 Jack Gershfeld Optical matrix switcher
US20020057337A1 (en) * 2000-11-15 2002-05-16 Kumler James J. Immersive time sequential imaging system
KR20020081421A (ko) * 2001-01-12 2002-10-26 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 능동 매트릭스 일렉트로크로믹 디스플레이 디바이스
US7255451B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-08-14 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic mirror cell
US7581859B2 (en) 2005-09-14 2009-09-01 Donnelly Corp. Display device for exterior rearview mirror
WO2006124682A2 (en) 2005-05-16 2006-11-23 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle mirror assembly with indicia at reflective element
US6506480B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2003-01-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film with a plurality of fluorescent colorants
US6534158B2 (en) 2001-02-16 2003-03-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Color shifting film with patterned fluorescent and non-fluorescent colorants
US6573963B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2003-06-03 3M Innovativeproperties Company Cholesteric liquid crystal optical bodies and methods of manufacture
US6917399B2 (en) 2001-02-22 2005-07-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies containing cholesteric liquid crystal material and methods of manufacture
US7375887B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2008-05-20 Moxtek, Inc. Method and apparatus for correcting a visible light beam using a wire-grid polarizer
JP3598987B2 (ja) * 2001-03-28 2004-12-08 セイコーエプソン株式会社 液晶表示装置および電子機器
US6759945B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2004-07-06 Vtec Technologies, Inc. Variable transmittance birefringent device
RU2206914C2 (ru) * 2001-04-24 2003-06-20 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие Научно-Исследовательский Институт "Волга" Пассивно-матричный жидкокристаллический экран и способ управления данным экраном
DE10121177A1 (de) * 2001-04-30 2002-11-14 Aeg Ges Moderne Inf Sys Mbh LCD-Zelle
JP2003029251A (ja) * 2001-07-16 2003-01-29 Nec Corp 液晶表示装置
JP3941561B2 (ja) * 2001-09-14 2007-07-04 三菱電機株式会社 両面表示型液晶表示装置および情報機器
US6876427B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2005-04-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Cholesteric liquid crystal optical bodies and methods of manufacture and use
RU2226708C2 (ru) * 2001-09-21 2004-04-10 ОПТИВА, Инк. Жидкокристаллический дисплей с отражающим поляризатором
US20030090012A1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2003-05-15 Allen Richard Charles Methods of making polarization rotators and articles containing the polarization rotators
US6985291B2 (en) * 2001-10-01 2006-01-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Non-inverting transflective assembly
US7061561B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2006-06-13 Moxtek, Inc. System for creating a patterned polarization compensator
US6909473B2 (en) 2002-01-07 2005-06-21 Eastman Kodak Company Display apparatus and method
US7426804B2 (en) * 2002-02-06 2008-09-23 Andersen Corporation Specialty display window
US7345824B2 (en) 2002-03-26 2008-03-18 Trivium Technologies, Inc. Light collimating device
US7428367B2 (en) * 2002-10-17 2008-09-23 Brilliant Film Llc Light control devices and methods of making same
US6918674B2 (en) 2002-05-03 2005-07-19 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle rearview mirror system
US6785050B2 (en) 2002-05-09 2004-08-31 Moxtek, Inc. Corrosion resistant wire-grid polarizer and method of fabrication
US6991695B2 (en) * 2002-05-21 2006-01-31 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for subdividing multilayer optical film cleanly and rapidly
US6765719B2 (en) * 2002-05-21 2004-07-20 The Boeing Company Multiple field of view telescope
US7095009B2 (en) * 2002-05-21 2006-08-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Photopic detector system and filter therefor
US7396493B2 (en) * 2002-05-21 2008-07-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer optical film with melt zone to control delamination
WO2003105099A1 (en) 2002-06-06 2003-12-18 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with compass
US7329013B2 (en) 2002-06-06 2008-02-12 Donnelly Corporation Interior rearview mirror system with compass
JP4645634B2 (ja) * 2002-06-24 2011-03-09 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及びこれを備えた電子機器
JP3726900B2 (ja) 2002-06-24 2005-12-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及びこれを備えた電子機器
JP4085846B2 (ja) * 2002-06-24 2008-05-14 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及びこれを備えた電子機器
JP3937945B2 (ja) * 2002-07-04 2007-06-27 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置及びこれを備えた電子機器
GB2390437B (en) * 2002-07-06 2006-02-08 Nokia Corp A display device
US7436470B2 (en) * 2002-07-06 2008-10-14 Spyder Navigations L.L.C. Display device having liquid crystal layer and switchable optical layer
JP2004061907A (ja) 2002-07-30 2004-02-26 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv 半透過型液晶表示装置
WO2004026633A2 (en) 2002-09-20 2004-04-01 Donnelly Corporation Mirror reflective element assembly
US7310177B2 (en) 2002-09-20 2007-12-18 Donnelly Corporation Electro-optic reflective element assembly
JP2004199027A (ja) * 2002-10-24 2004-07-15 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置、及び電子機器
GB2397894B (en) * 2003-02-03 2006-05-03 Samsung Electronics Co Ltd Improvements in mobile communication devices
US7245347B2 (en) * 2003-03-19 2007-07-17 The Boeing Company Variable aperture stop with no moving parts
JP4170121B2 (ja) * 2003-03-20 2008-10-22 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ 液晶表示装置
TWI240906B (en) * 2003-04-09 2005-10-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Driving method of transflective liquid-crystal display device
US20040219338A1 (en) * 2003-05-01 2004-11-04 Hebrink Timothy J. Materials, configurations, and methods for reducing warpage in optical films
US7289037B2 (en) 2003-05-19 2007-10-30 Donnelly Corporation Mirror assembly for vehicle
WO2004104677A2 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-12-02 Trivium Technologies, Inc. Devices for use in non-emissive displays
JP2004354818A (ja) * 2003-05-30 2004-12-16 Optrex Corp 表示装置
TWI222611B (en) * 2003-07-04 2004-10-21 Display Optronics Corp M Flat panel display with double-sided display image
JP4727629B2 (ja) * 2003-07-23 2011-07-20 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置
JP2005070603A (ja) * 2003-08-27 2005-03-17 Nec Corp 両面液晶表示装置および携帯無線電話機
JP3938126B2 (ja) * 2003-09-24 2007-06-27 セイコーエプソン株式会社 表示装置および電子機器
US7446924B2 (en) 2003-10-02 2008-11-04 Donnelly Corporation Mirror reflective element assembly including electronic component
US7308341B2 (en) 2003-10-14 2007-12-11 Donnelly Corporation Vehicle communication system
US7339636B2 (en) * 2003-12-02 2008-03-04 Motorola, Inc. Color display and solar cell device
TWI235620B (en) * 2003-12-09 2005-07-01 Au Optronics Corp Organic electro-luminescent display
US7019905B2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2006-03-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer reflector with suppression of high order reflections
KR100961385B1 (ko) * 2003-12-30 2010-06-07 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 액정표시장치
GB0403933D0 (en) * 2004-02-21 2004-03-24 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Optical path length adjuster
DE102004021494B4 (de) * 2004-04-30 2006-04-06 Man Roland Druckmaschinen Ag Vorrichtung zum Auf- und Abziehen einer Hülse
TWI240124B (en) * 2004-05-31 2005-09-21 Au Optronics Corp Display device and electronic device utilizing the same
US7502156B2 (en) * 2004-07-12 2009-03-10 Gentex Corporation Variable reflectance mirrors and windows
US8545030B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2013-10-01 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror assemblies with anisotropic polymer laminates
US8282224B2 (en) * 2004-07-12 2012-10-09 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror assemblies with anisotropic polymer laminates
US7564612B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2009-07-21 Idc, Llc Photonic MEMS and structures
US7304784B2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2007-12-04 Idc, Llc Reflective display device having viewable display on both sides
US20060083004A1 (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-20 Eastman Kodak Company Flat-panel area illumination system
WO2006046168A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Display panel with a light valve layer
US7329465B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2008-02-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical films incorporating cyclic olefin copolymers
US7800823B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2010-09-21 Moxtek, Inc. Polarization device to polarize and further control light
US7961393B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2011-06-14 Moxtek, Inc. Selectively absorptive wire-grid polarizer
US7630133B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2009-12-08 Moxtek, Inc. Inorganic, dielectric, grid polarizer and non-zero order diffraction grating
US7570424B2 (en) 2004-12-06 2009-08-04 Moxtek, Inc. Multilayer wire-grid polarizer
CN100395621C (zh) * 2004-12-30 2008-06-18 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 液晶显示装置
US7525604B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2009-04-28 Naxellent, Llc Windows with electrically controllable transmission and reflection
US9709700B2 (en) * 2005-04-06 2017-07-18 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical bodies including rough strippable boundary layers
US20060227421A1 (en) 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Stover Carl A Optical bodies including strippable boundary layers
JP4814312B2 (ja) * 2005-04-06 2011-11-16 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 粗い可剥性境界層及び非対称表面構造を含んだ光学体
US20060290845A1 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Hebrink Timothy J Polarization sensitive illumination element and system using same
KR20060135151A (ko) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-29 삼성전자주식회사 액정 표시 장치
US8023065B2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2011-09-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical element for lateral light spreading in edge-lit displays and system using same
US7903194B2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2011-03-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Optical element for lateral light spreading in back-lit displays and system using same
US20060290843A1 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-28 Epstein Kenneth A Illumination element and system using same
GB2428345A (en) * 2005-07-13 2007-01-24 Sharp Kk A display having multiple view and single view modes
US7419272B2 (en) * 2005-12-08 2008-09-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Day and night film
US7916980B2 (en) 2006-01-13 2011-03-29 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interconnect structure for MEMS device
KR20090006142A (ko) * 2006-03-31 2009-01-14 코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 스위치가능한 캔버스를 사용한 주변 조명 생성을 구비한 디스플레이 장치
WO2007149682A2 (en) * 2006-05-25 2007-12-27 I2Ic Corporation Energy efficient transflective display
US7527998B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2009-05-05 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Method of manufacturing MEMS devices providing air gap control
CN101578553A (zh) * 2006-08-29 2009-11-11 西里厄斯材料股份有限公司 具有可电控的透射和反射的窗口
US8755113B2 (en) 2006-08-31 2014-06-17 Moxtek, Inc. Durable, inorganic, absorptive, ultra-violet, grid polarizer
GB2443649A (en) * 2006-11-07 2008-05-14 Sharp Kk Liquid crystal device having splay-twist and splay-bend mode
US20080111834A1 (en) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-15 Mignard Marc M Two primary color display
KR100809849B1 (ko) * 2006-11-10 2008-03-04 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 광학 필름 및 이의 제조 방법, 그리고 액정 표시 장치
EP2106560B1 (en) 2007-01-24 2017-04-26 Ravenbrick, LLC Thermally switched optical downconverting filter
US8115987B2 (en) * 2007-02-01 2012-02-14 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Modulating the intensity of light from an interferometric reflector
WO2008134019A2 (en) * 2007-04-25 2008-11-06 Tesserae Technologies Corporation System and method for color-changing decorative construction materials
US7789515B2 (en) 2007-05-17 2010-09-07 Moxtek, Inc. Projection device with a folded optical path and wire-grid polarizer
US8111262B2 (en) 2007-05-18 2012-02-07 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Interferometric modulator displays with reduced color sensitivity
US7973998B2 (en) * 2007-05-18 2011-07-05 Serious Materials, Inc. Temperature activated optical films
WO2009009770A1 (en) 2007-07-11 2009-01-15 Ravenbrick, Llc Thermally switched reflective optical shutter
RU2350990C1 (ru) * 2007-07-12 2009-03-27 Николай Александрович Коровин Питающий жидкокристаллический экран
CA2703010A1 (en) 2007-09-19 2009-03-26 Ravenbrick, Llc Low-emissivity window films and coatings incorporating nanoscale wire grids
US8169685B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2012-05-01 Ravenbrick, Llc Thermally switched absorptive window shutter
TW200946775A (en) 2008-02-27 2009-11-16 Brilliant Film Llc Concentrators for solar power generating systems
US8154418B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2012-04-10 Magna Mirrors Of America, Inc. Interior rearview mirror system
JP4471019B2 (ja) * 2008-04-15 2010-06-02 ソニー株式会社 照明装置および表示装置
CN103513305A (zh) 2008-04-23 2014-01-15 雷文布里克有限责任公司 反射性和热反射性表面的眩光管理
JP5539659B2 (ja) * 2008-05-22 2014-07-02 リンテック株式会社 発光性組成物、それを用いる無機系電界発光シート及びその製造方法
JP4593650B2 (ja) * 2008-05-28 2010-12-08 シャープ株式会社 液晶表示装置
US9116302B2 (en) 2008-06-19 2015-08-25 Ravenbrick Llc Optical metapolarizer device
KR101482625B1 (ko) * 2008-06-24 2015-01-14 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 투과 및 반사 전환형 디스플레이 장치
US9254789B2 (en) 2008-07-10 2016-02-09 Gentex Corporation Rearview mirror assemblies with anisotropic polymer laminates
KR101331058B1 (ko) 2008-08-20 2013-11-20 라벤브릭 엘엘씨 열변색 필터를 제조하는 방법
KR20100029633A (ko) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-17 삼성전자주식회사 능동형 반투과 소자를 구비하는 디스플레이 장치
US20110222263A1 (en) * 2008-11-19 2011-09-15 Weber Michael F High transmission flux leveling multilayer optical film and related constructions
US20120050687A1 (en) * 2008-12-24 2012-03-01 Elizabeth Berry Creating a lighting effect
JP5333758B2 (ja) * 2009-02-27 2013-11-06 東芝ライテック株式会社 照明装置および照明器具
US8270056B2 (en) 2009-03-23 2012-09-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Display device with openings between sub-pixels and method of making same
CN102460238A (zh) 2009-04-10 2012-05-16 雷文布里克有限责任公司 结合有宾主型结构的热切换滤光器
US8947760B2 (en) 2009-04-23 2015-02-03 Ravenbrick Llc Thermotropic optical shutter incorporating coatable polarizers
US8248696B2 (en) 2009-06-25 2012-08-21 Moxtek, Inc. Nano fractal diffuser
WO2011053853A2 (en) 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Ravenbrick Llc Thermochromic filters and stopband filters for use with same
US11314139B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2022-04-26 View, Inc. Self-contained EC IGU
US10303035B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2019-05-28 View, Inc. Self-contained EC IGU
US10690540B2 (en) 2015-10-06 2020-06-23 View, Inc. Multi-sensor having a light diffusing element around a periphery of a ring of photosensors
US20130271813A1 (en) 2012-04-17 2013-10-17 View, Inc. Controller for optically-switchable windows
US11592723B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2023-02-28 View, Inc. Automated commissioning of controllers in a window network
US8213074B1 (en) 2011-03-16 2012-07-03 Soladigm, Inc. Onboard controller for multistate windows
JP2011141393A (ja) 2010-01-06 2011-07-21 Casio Computer Co Ltd 液晶表示装置
JP5608385B2 (ja) * 2010-02-08 2014-10-15 デクセリアルズ株式会社 光学体およびその製造方法、窓材、建具、ならびに日射遮蔽装置
AU2011235265A1 (en) 2010-03-29 2012-10-25 Ravenbrick Llc Polymer-stabilized thermotropic liquid crystal device
EP2556403A1 (en) 2010-04-09 2013-02-13 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Mechanical layer of an electromechanical device and methods of forming the same
US8699114B2 (en) 2010-06-01 2014-04-15 Ravenbrick Llc Multifunctional building component
US8277055B2 (en) 2010-07-21 2012-10-02 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Multiple view display system using a single projector and method of operating the same
US8362992B2 (en) 2010-07-21 2013-01-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual view display system using a transparent display
US8363325B2 (en) 2010-09-14 2013-01-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual view display system
US8913321B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2014-12-16 Moxtek, Inc. Fine pitch grid polarizer
US8611007B2 (en) 2010-09-21 2013-12-17 Moxtek, Inc. Fine pitch wire grid polarizer
WO2012078543A2 (en) 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Glare reducing glazing articles
US8305678B2 (en) 2010-12-29 2012-11-06 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Dual view display system
KR101762370B1 (ko) 2011-02-01 2017-08-07 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 반사 투과형 액정 표시 장치
WO2013155467A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-10-17 View, Inc. Applications for controlling optically switchable devices
US9454055B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2016-09-27 View, Inc. Multipurpose controller for multistate windows
US11822202B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2023-11-21 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US8705162B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2014-04-22 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US9030725B2 (en) 2012-04-17 2015-05-12 View, Inc. Driving thin film switchable optical devices
US11054792B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2021-07-06 View, Inc. Monitoring sites containing switchable optical devices and controllers
US10935865B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2021-03-02 View, Inc. Driving thin film switchable optical devices
US11630367B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2023-04-18 View, Inc. Driving thin film switchable optical devices
US9778532B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2017-10-03 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US9645465B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2017-05-09 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
TWM410950U (en) * 2011-03-16 2011-09-01 Lbc Technology Co Ltd Exhibition machine having brightness contrast effect
US8254013B2 (en) 2011-03-16 2012-08-28 Soladigm, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US9412290B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2016-08-09 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US8963159B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-02-24 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Pixel via and methods of forming the same
US9134527B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-09-15 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Pixel via and methods of forming the same
KR101407586B1 (ko) 2011-04-25 2014-06-27 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 모드에 따라 광반사율을 변화시키는 표시장치 및 그 구동방법
US8659816B2 (en) 2011-04-25 2014-02-25 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Mechanical layer and methods of making the same
US20120287510A1 (en) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Transreflective vehicle mirror system
US8913320B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-12-16 Moxtek, Inc. Wire grid polarizer with bordered sections
US8873144B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-10-28 Moxtek, Inc. Wire grid polarizer with multiple functionality sections
KR101386579B1 (ko) * 2011-07-11 2014-04-17 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 액정표시장치모듈
EP2742383B1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2018-01-17 Merck Patent GmbH Layer arrangement for the regulation of light transmission
KR20130037435A (ko) * 2011-10-06 2013-04-16 삼성전자주식회사 투과형 및 반사형 전환 가능한 디스플레이
WO2013059674A1 (en) 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 View, Inc. Mitigating thermal shock in tintable windows
US20130171375A1 (en) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 POLYTRON TECHNOLOGIES, INC. and POLYTRONIX, INC. Smart film structure
US9871594B2 (en) 2012-01-23 2018-01-16 Vg Smartglass, Llc Mechanical translation of a variable radiation transmission device
US11950340B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2024-04-02 View, Inc. Adjusting interior lighting based on dynamic glass tinting
US11635666B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2023-04-25 View, Inc Methods of controlling multi-zone tintable windows
US12429742B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2025-09-30 View Operating Corporation Methods of controlling multi-zone tintable windows
US8922890B2 (en) 2012-03-21 2014-12-30 Moxtek, Inc. Polarizer edge rib modification
US9638978B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2017-05-02 View, Inc. Control method for tintable windows
US11674843B2 (en) 2015-10-06 2023-06-13 View, Inc. Infrared cloud detector systems and methods
US12400651B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2025-08-26 View Operating Corporation Controlling optically-switchable devices
US11300848B2 (en) 2015-10-06 2022-04-12 View, Inc. Controllers for optically-switchable devices
US10048561B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2018-08-14 View, Inc. Control method for tintable windows
US10503039B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2019-12-10 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US10964320B2 (en) 2012-04-13 2021-03-30 View, Inc. Controlling optically-switchable devices
US9679506B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2017-06-13 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Multiple function display system
US10708575B2 (en) * 2012-06-25 2020-07-07 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display system with diffuse and specular reflective modes
CN102929034A (zh) * 2012-11-12 2013-02-13 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 显示面板及显示装置
CN103862169B (zh) * 2012-12-12 2016-08-10 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 激光退火设备和方法
US11966142B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2024-04-23 View, Inc. Control methods and systems using outside temperature as a driver for changing window tint states
US11719990B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2023-08-08 View, Inc. Control method for tintable windows
US11960190B2 (en) 2013-02-21 2024-04-16 View, Inc. Control methods and systems using external 3D modeling and schedule-based computing
US10133065B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2018-11-20 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Heads up display for a vehicle interior
CN103246098B (zh) * 2013-04-26 2015-06-10 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 一种显示装置及其充电方法
US9885935B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2018-02-06 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US12353111B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2025-07-08 View Operating Corporation Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US12061404B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2024-08-13 View, Inc. Controlling transitions in optically switchable devices
US9348076B2 (en) 2013-10-24 2016-05-24 Moxtek, Inc. Polarizer with variable inter-wire distance
WO2015077019A1 (en) 2013-11-19 2015-05-28 3M Innovative Properties Company See-through head mounted display with liquid crystal module for adjusting brightness ration of combined images
US10221612B2 (en) 2014-02-04 2019-03-05 View, Inc. Infill electrochromic windows
RU2019109013A (ru) 2014-03-05 2019-05-06 Вью, Инк. Мониторинг объектов, содержащих переключаемые оптические устройства и контроллеры
US10699612B2 (en) * 2014-10-27 2020-06-30 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display system with specular reflective mode
TWI746446B (zh) 2015-07-07 2021-11-21 美商唯景公司 用於可著色窗戶之控制方法
CN204964945U (zh) * 2015-09-23 2016-01-13 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示装置
US11255722B2 (en) 2015-10-06 2022-02-22 View, Inc. Infrared cloud detector systems and methods
CA3003639A1 (en) 2015-10-29 2017-05-04 View, Inc. Controllers for optically-switchable devices
US10295837B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2019-05-21 Vg Smartglass, Llc Variable transmission window with blackout bars
DE102015120538A1 (de) * 2015-11-26 2017-06-01 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Laserscanner und Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Laserscanner
JP2019500651A (ja) 2015-12-17 2019-01-10 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 反射型バックライト付きディスプレイを備えたミラー
US11016336B2 (en) 2016-02-12 2021-05-25 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Bragg grating-based display filtering
CN109275336A (zh) 2016-04-29 2019-01-25 唯景公司 光学可切换窗孔中电参数的校准
EP3465336B1 (en) * 2016-06-03 2020-09-30 Gentex Corporation Display system with phase oriented reflective control
US10324349B2 (en) 2016-06-14 2019-06-18 Coretronic Corporation Reflectance-adjustable reflector and reflectance-adjustable display device
US10921638B2 (en) 2016-07-06 2021-02-16 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Display device, electronic apparatus, semi-transmissive reflection plate, and electrical apparatus
KR102027540B1 (ko) * 2016-08-19 2019-10-01 한국과학기술원 블라인드 패널을 이용한 디스플레이 장치
JP7044069B2 (ja) * 2016-10-13 2022-03-30 大日本印刷株式会社 積層体、調光装置、調光部材、車両
US10338432B2 (en) * 2016-11-02 2019-07-02 Innolux Corporation Display device
US11493819B2 (en) 2017-04-26 2022-11-08 View, Inc. Displays for tintable windows
GB201717566D0 (en) * 2017-10-25 2017-12-06 Bodle Tech Ltd Display apparatus
WO2019082572A1 (ja) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-02 林テレンプ株式会社 シェード装置
JP2019095597A (ja) * 2017-11-22 2019-06-20 スタンレー電気株式会社 液晶装置
US20190162989A1 (en) * 2017-11-27 2019-05-30 Ravenbrick Llc Thermally and electrically switched windows for combined visible and infrared light attenuation
US10777125B2 (en) * 2017-11-27 2020-09-15 Universal Display Corporation Multi-mode OLED display
JP6670866B2 (ja) * 2018-02-09 2020-03-25 矢崎エナジーシステム株式会社 再帰反射窓
US10451936B1 (en) 2018-04-12 2019-10-22 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Thin two-dimensional dimming backlight with low zone visibility
KR20210003747A (ko) * 2018-04-27 2021-01-12 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 조광 필름 및 액정 표시 장치
JP7361683B2 (ja) * 2018-04-27 2023-10-16 日東電工株式会社 液晶表示装置
JP7354097B2 (ja) * 2018-04-27 2023-10-02 日東電工株式会社 液晶表示装置
CN109669295B (zh) * 2019-02-01 2022-03-25 昆山龙腾光电股份有限公司 透射反射可切换的显示屏及车辆后视镜
US11808957B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2023-11-07 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. System and method for adjusting light intensity in a display system
US11953778B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2024-04-09 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. System and method for adjusting light intensity in a display system
EP3931621A4 (en) 2019-02-25 2023-01-18 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. DISPLAY SYSTEM
WO2020176409A1 (en) 2019-02-25 2020-09-03 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Display system
US11699403B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2023-07-11 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Display system
WO2020176407A1 (en) * 2019-02-25 2020-09-03 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. System and method for adjusting light intensity in a display system
US11747672B2 (en) 2019-02-25 2023-09-05 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. System and method for adjusting light intensity in a display system
US11631493B2 (en) 2020-05-27 2023-04-18 View Operating Corporation Systems and methods for managing building wellness
TW202206925A (zh) 2020-03-26 2022-02-16 美商視野公司 多用戶端網路中之存取及傳訊
JP7461217B2 (ja) * 2020-05-22 2024-04-03 スタンレー電気株式会社 光学装置
JP2024529850A (ja) * 2021-07-07 2024-08-14 ジェネシス システムズ リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー キャノピーのための表面カバーならびに電気エネルギー生成および貯蔵システム
WO2024107415A1 (en) * 2022-11-14 2024-05-23 Corning Incorporated Liquid crystal windows comprising at least one twisted nematic liquid crystal layer and at least one polarizer
US12197069B1 (en) 2023-09-05 2025-01-14 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. System and method for adjusting light intensity in a display system

Family Cites Families (79)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3759647A (en) * 1969-04-10 1973-09-18 Turner Alfrey Us Apparatus for the preparation of multilayer plastic articles
US3565985A (en) * 1969-04-10 1971-02-23 Dow Chemical Co Method of preparing multilayer plastic articles
US3647612A (en) * 1969-06-06 1972-03-07 Dow Chemical Co Multilayer plastic articles
US3801429A (en) * 1969-06-06 1974-04-02 Dow Chemical Co Multilayer plastic articles
US3610729A (en) * 1969-06-18 1971-10-05 Polaroid Corp Multilayered light polarizer
US3711176A (en) * 1971-01-14 1973-01-16 Dow Chemical Co Highly reflective thermoplastic bodies for infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
BE789478A (fr) * 1971-10-01 1973-03-29 Dow Chemical Co Procede et dispositif d'extrusion de matieres plastiques en feuilles multicouches
US4025688A (en) * 1974-08-01 1977-05-24 Polaroid Corporation Polarizer lamination
US4094947A (en) * 1976-09-03 1978-06-13 The Dow Chemical Company Multilayer coextrusion process for producing selective reflectivity
US4285577A (en) * 1977-09-02 1981-08-25 Polaroid Corporation Window system comprising light polarizers
DE2915847C2 (de) * 1978-09-29 1986-01-16 Nitto Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Ibaraki, Osaka Elektrooptisch aktivierbare Anzeige
IT1143167B (it) * 1979-05-29 1986-10-22 Texas Instruments Inc Perfezionamento nei dispositivi di presentazione a cristalli liquidi e procedimento di fabbricazione
US4310584A (en) * 1979-12-26 1982-01-12 The Mearl Corporation Multilayer light-reflecting film
US4520189A (en) * 1981-03-02 1985-05-28 Polaroid Corporation Optical device including birefringent aromatic amino carboxylic acid polymer
US4446305A (en) * 1981-03-02 1984-05-01 Polaroid Corporation Optical device including birefringent polymer
US4521588A (en) * 1981-03-02 1985-06-04 Polaroid Corporation Optical device including birefringent polyhydrazide polymer
US4525413A (en) * 1981-03-02 1985-06-25 Polaroid Corporation Optical device including birefringent polymer
US4435047A (en) * 1981-09-16 1984-03-06 Manchester R & D Partnership Encapsulated liquid crystal and method
JPS6026303A (ja) * 1983-07-22 1985-02-09 Alps Electric Co Ltd 液晶表示装置の製造方法
US4540623A (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-09-10 The Dow Chemical Company Coextruded multi-layered articles
JPS62135338A (ja) * 1985-12-09 1987-06-18 Diafoil Co Ltd 液晶パネル基板用ポリエチレンナフタレ−ト一軸高配向フイルム
US4749261A (en) * 1986-01-17 1988-06-07 Taliq Corporation Shatter-proof liquid crystal panel with infrared filtering properties
JPH0659678B2 (ja) * 1986-07-10 1994-08-10 ダイアホイルヘキスト株式会社 複合化フイルム
FR2606418B1 (fr) * 1986-11-07 1994-02-11 Commissariat A Energie Atomique Dispositifs optiques a cristal liquide lyotrope commandables thermiquement, electriquement ou magnetiquement
US4848875A (en) * 1987-06-25 1989-07-18 Allied-Signal Inc. Dual-pane thermal window with liquid crystal shade
US5113270A (en) * 1988-10-19 1992-05-12 Fergason James L Variable density light control apparatus
KR970009490B1 (ko) * 1989-03-28 1997-06-13 아사히가라스 가부시끼가이샤 액정 디스플레이 장치
US4937134A (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-06-26 The Dow Chemical Company Elastomeric optical interference films
US5122905A (en) * 1989-06-20 1992-06-16 The Dow Chemical Company Relective polymeric body
US5486949A (en) * 1989-06-20 1996-01-23 The Dow Chemical Company Birefringent interference polarizer
EP0478779B1 (en) * 1989-06-22 1994-11-02 Citizen Watch Co. Ltd. Liquid crystal display device and phase difference plates
US5235443A (en) * 1989-07-10 1993-08-10 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Polarizer device
JP2893599B2 (ja) * 1989-10-05 1999-05-24 セイコーエプソン株式会社 偏光光源及び投写型表示装置
DE69016349T2 (de) * 1989-10-27 1995-06-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Flüssigkristallanzeige.
US5089318A (en) * 1989-10-31 1992-02-18 The Mearl Corporation Iridescent film with thermoplastic elastomeric components
JP2924055B2 (ja) * 1989-12-08 1999-07-26 セイコーエプソン株式会社 反射型液晶表示素子
EP0506872B1 (en) * 1989-12-26 1996-08-21 The Dow Chemical Company Processes and apparatus for making multilayer plastic articles
US5149578A (en) * 1989-12-26 1992-09-22 The Dow Chemical Company Multilayer film for tamper indication by use of optical interference reflection
US5202074A (en) * 1989-12-26 1993-04-13 The Dow Chemical Company Method for producing injection molded multilayer articles
US5278694A (en) * 1990-01-11 1994-01-11 The Dow Chemical Company Optically dissimilar composition for polymeric reflective bodies
US5095210A (en) * 1990-04-06 1992-03-10 The Dow Chemical Company Multilayer film indicator for determining the integrity or authenticity of an item and process for using same
JPH0429114A (ja) * 1990-05-24 1992-01-31 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 液晶表示装置
US5103337A (en) * 1990-07-24 1992-04-07 The Dow Chemical Company Infrared reflective optical interference film
US5044736A (en) * 1990-11-06 1991-09-03 Motorola, Inc. Configurable optical filter or display
US5126880A (en) * 1990-12-18 1992-06-30 The Dow Chemical Company Polymeric reflective bodies with multiple layer types
US5094788A (en) * 1990-12-21 1992-03-10 The Dow Chemical Company Interfacial surface generator
US5094793A (en) * 1990-12-21 1992-03-10 The Dow Chemical Company Methods and apparatus for generating interfacial surfaces
US5217794A (en) * 1991-01-22 1993-06-08 The Dow Chemical Company Lamellar polymeric body
US5164856A (en) * 1991-02-19 1992-11-17 Yongfeng Zhang Transmittance-adjustable window
US5309422A (en) * 1991-06-10 1994-05-03 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Light separation element and light receiving optical device using same
US5268782A (en) * 1992-01-16 1993-12-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Micro-ridged, polymeric liquid crystal display substrate and display device
CA2130810A1 (en) * 1992-02-25 1993-09-02 Walter J. Schrenk All-polymeric ultraviolet reflecting film
US5234729A (en) * 1992-02-27 1993-08-10 The Dow Chemical Company Multilayer polymeric reflective bodies for decorative and security applications
JPH0695111A (ja) * 1992-03-13 1994-04-08 Nec Home Electron Ltd 液晶表示装置
JPH05288910A (ja) * 1992-04-14 1993-11-05 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 回折格子
US5422756A (en) * 1992-05-18 1995-06-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Backlighting system using a retroreflecting polarizer
US5233465A (en) * 1992-05-27 1993-08-03 The Dow Chemical Company Visibly transparent infrared reflecting film with color masking
EP0573905A1 (en) * 1992-06-08 1993-12-15 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Retroreflecting polarizer for presentation systems
JP3374978B2 (ja) * 1992-06-29 2003-02-10 大日本印刷株式会社 回折格子の製造方法
US5339179A (en) * 1992-10-01 1994-08-16 International Business Machines Corp. Edge-lit transflective non-emissive display with angled interface means on both sides of light conducting panel
US5269995A (en) * 1992-10-02 1993-12-14 The Dow Chemical Company Coextrusion of multilayer articles using protective boundary layers and apparatus therefor
US5339198A (en) * 1992-10-16 1994-08-16 The Dow Chemical Company All-polymeric cold mirror
DE69325283T2 (de) * 1992-10-29 1999-11-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Formbarer reflektierender multischichtenkörper
IL107538A0 (en) * 1992-11-09 1994-02-27 Honeywell Inc Radiant energy conservation for a backlit display
US5333072A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-07-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Reflective liquid crystal display overhead projection system using a reflective linear polarizer and a fresnel lens
US5325218A (en) * 1992-12-31 1994-06-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Cholesteric polarizer for liquid crystal display and overhead projector
TW289095B (enExample) * 1993-01-11 1996-10-21
DE69409977T2 (de) * 1993-01-11 1998-10-22 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Beleuchtungssystem und ein solches System umfassendes Anzeigegerät
US5360659A (en) * 1993-05-24 1994-11-01 The Dow Chemical Company Two component infrared reflecting film
US5389324A (en) * 1993-06-07 1995-02-14 The Dow Chemical Company Layer thickness gradient control in multilayer polymeric bodies
WO1994029765A1 (en) * 1993-06-08 1994-12-22 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Liquid crystal display with enhanced brightness
JPH07159813A (ja) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-23 Hitachi Ltd 液晶表示装置
DE69430323T2 (de) * 1993-12-21 2003-02-20 Minnesota Mining And Mfg. Co., Saint Paul Optischer polarisator
JP3971455B2 (ja) * 1993-12-21 2007-09-05 スリーエム カンパニー 多層光学フィルム
WO1995017699A1 (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-06-29 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Reflective polarizer display
AU1443595A (en) * 1993-12-21 1995-07-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Reflective polarizer with brightness enhancement
US5424119A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-06-13 Flex Products, Inc. Polymeric sheet having oriented multilayer interference thin film flakes therein, product using the same and method
US5448804A (en) * 1994-04-13 1995-09-12 The Standard Products Company Retention clip
US5451449A (en) * 1994-05-11 1995-09-19 The Mearl Corporation Colored iridescent film

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017165539A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Marketing Displays, Inc. Graphic mirror
US10331004B2 (en) 2016-03-22 2019-06-25 Marketing Displays, Inc. Graphic mirror

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR19990028381A (ko) 1999-04-15
IL122294A0 (en) 1998-04-05
DE69633283T2 (de) 2005-08-25
WO1997001789A3 (en) 1997-02-27
CA2224324A1 (en) 1997-01-16
MY132180A (en) 2007-09-28
EP0835475B1 (en) 2004-09-01
JPH11508377A (ja) 1999-07-21
AU5964696A (en) 1997-01-30
EP0835475A2 (en) 1998-04-15
US5686979A (en) 1997-11-11
BR9608641A (pt) 1999-06-29
WO1997001789A2 (en) 1997-01-16
DE69633283D1 (de) 2004-10-07
MX9710151A (es) 1998-07-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3687976B2 (ja) 反射状態と透過状態との間で切換可能な光学パネル
CA2107952C (en) High efficiency chiral nematic liquid crystal rear polarizer for liquid crystal displays
US6888675B2 (en) Transflective displays with reflective polarizing transflector
US6873393B2 (en) Reflective cholesteric displays without using Bragg reflection
US7379243B2 (en) Mirror with built-in display
KR101087627B1 (ko) 내장된 화면 표시 장치를 구비한 거울
JP4536489B2 (ja) 光学素子及びそれを用いた表示装置
JP3687854B2 (ja) 光学フィルムおよび液晶表示装置
TWI309738B (enExample)
CN1189224A (zh) 可在反射和透射状态之间转换的光板
JP4125876B2 (ja) 半透過反射型液晶表示装置
JP2000019500A (ja) 液晶表示装置
JP3480260B2 (ja) 液晶装置及び電子機器
JP2016141257A (ja) 映像表示装置付のミラーを備える車両
JP2016109994A (ja) 液晶表示装置
WO1999006878A1 (en) Liquid crystal display
JP3317158B2 (ja) 反射型液晶表示体
WO2018235847A1 (ja) 液晶パネル
JP2010211232A (ja) 光学素子及びそれを用いた表示装置
JP2019164386A (ja) 液晶表示装置
TW536650B (en) Reflective liquid crystal display device with improved color purity
JP3027612B2 (ja) 液晶表示装置
MXPA97010151A (en) Optico panel, able to switch between statesreflector and transmi
JP2004109424A (ja) 積層偏光フィルム、偏光光源装置及び液晶表示装置
JP2017173755A (ja) 積層体、積層体の製造方法、画像表示装置、及び、画像表示装置の製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20040907

A601 Written request for extension of time

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601

Effective date: 20041202

A602 Written permission of extension of time

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602

Effective date: 20050124

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20050524

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20050607

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090617

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100617

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110617

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110617

Year of fee payment: 6

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120617

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120617

Year of fee payment: 7

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130617

Year of fee payment: 8

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees