JP2019512022A - 絶縁構造 - Google Patents
絶縁構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2019512022A JP2019512022A JP2018539069A JP2018539069A JP2019512022A JP 2019512022 A JP2019512022 A JP 2019512022A JP 2018539069 A JP2018539069 A JP 2018539069A JP 2018539069 A JP2018539069 A JP 2018539069A JP 2019512022 A JP2019512022 A JP 2019512022A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- airgel
- microporous
- gel
- porous layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920000295 expanded polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001247 Reticulated foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000588731 Hafnia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 242
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 219
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 162
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 51
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 29
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 21
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- KVBYPTUGEKVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-diol;formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 KVBYPTUGEKVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DCFKHNIGBAHNSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triethyl)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](Cl)(CC)CC DCFKHNIGBAHNSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C UQEAIHBTYFGYIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001269524 Dura Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(dimethyl)silicon Chemical compound C[Si](C)Cl QABCGOSYZHCPGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MNKYQPOFRKPUAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(triphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 MNKYQPOFRKPUAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KEHCHOCBAJSEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Fe+2] KEHCHOCBAJSEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)C POPACFLNWGUDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012703 sol-gel precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropyl silicate Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC ZQZCOBSUOFHDEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZRYCRPNCXLQHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1C=O ZRYCRPNCXLQHPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N Dialdehyde 11678 Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1[C@H](C[C@H](/C(=C/O)C(=O)OC)[C@@H](C=C)C=O)NCC2 ZNZYKNKBJPZETN-WELNAUFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920007925 Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene (ECTFE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004967 Metal oxide aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000784 Nomex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910008051 Si-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002808 Si–O–Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006358 Si—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APDDLLVYBXGBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [diethyl-(triethylsilylamino)silyl]ethane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)N[Si](CC)(CC)CC APDDLLVYBXGBRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001343 alkyl silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001038 basic metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000495 cryogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(CC)OCC ZMAPKOCENOWQRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEWMHRYTEFPBAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxysilane ethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](C)C.CCO[SiH2]OCC IEWMHRYTEFPBAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=C.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)C RSIHJDGMBDPTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH3] CWAFVXWRGIEBPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;titanium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ti].[Fe] YDZQQRWRVYGNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012702 metal oxide precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010603 microCT Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004763 nomex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009428 plumbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003208 poly(ethylene sulfide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004644 polycyanurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006102 redox control agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004759 spandex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/281—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polyimides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
- B32B3/06—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support, or to another product, e.g. groove/tongue, interlocking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
- B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/16—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/027—Thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
- B32B7/09—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means by stitching, needling or sewing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/40—Symmetrical or sandwich layers, e.g. ABA, ABCBA, ABCCBA
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0207—Elastomeric fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0223—Vinyl resin fibres
- B32B2262/0238—Vinyl halide, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0292—Polyurethane fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/02—Synthetic macromolecular particles
- B32B2264/0214—Particles made of materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2264/0257—Polyolefin particles, e.g. polyethylene or polypropylene homopolymers or ethylene-propylene copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/101—Glass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/107—Ceramic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0221—Vinyl resin
- B32B2266/0228—Aromatic vinyl resin, e.g. styrenic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0257—Polyamide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0264—Polyester
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/04—Inorganic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/04—Inorganic
- B32B2266/045—Metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/06—Open cell foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/12—Gel
- B32B2266/126—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
- B32B2305/022—Foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2437/00—Clothing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本開示の目的のために、「多孔質」または「多孔質材料」または「多孔質層」は、材料がそれにわたる差圧または差濃度に曝される場合(例えば、ゲル前駆体溶液を導入するプロセスの間)、層を通して流体(液体または気体)を送る能力を有するエーロゲルのための補強材料をいい、および300秒以下のガーレー数によって特徴付けられる。いくつかの態様において、本明細書中に記載された多孔質材料は、50秒以下、10秒以下、または1秒以下のガーレー数によって特徴付けられる。多孔質材料は、0.03μm以上の孔サイズによって、特徴付けられる。多孔質の用語は、ボイドの存在を示すが、材料内のボイドの具体的なサイズを示さない。例えば、多孔質は、微多孔質ポリマー材料と連続気泡フォーム材料との両方を含み、および本明細書中に記載された連続気泡フォーム材料は、概して微多孔質材料の孔より大きい孔、およびある場合には実質的により大きい孔を含む。本明細書中に記載された多孔質材料は、エーロゲルのための補強材料であり、したがって「多孔質」および「多孔質材料」は、本明細書中で使用される場合、エーロゲルを含まない。泡立ち点、平均流(mean flow)孔サイズ、液体入力(entry)圧力、多孔度測定、およびSEM、マイクロCT、または他のイメージングツールを用いた画像分析を含むがこれらに限られない孔サイズを測定するための多くの技術がある。孔の存在は、適切な倍率の使用ありまたはなしで決定でき、および孔を満たす材料を除去することによって任意選択的に決定できる。
本明細書中に開示されているのは、そこに配置されたモノリシックエーロゲル構造を有するスカフォールドを含む絶縁材料である。スカフォールドは、エーロゲル前駆体がスカフォールドに浸透するのに充分多孔質である。しかし、いったんエーロゲル前駆体が硬化すると、スカフォールドは、高いエーロゲルのちり保持を示す。対照的に、無孔質構造は、エーロゲルちりを保持できるであろうが、浸透可能にできないであろう。
方法
以下の例は、本発明の種々の非限定の態様および特性を提供する。ある方法および装置は下記のようであるが、当業者によって適すると決定される他の方法または装置を代わりに利用できる。
膜材料の密度は、以下の式:ρ=m/w×l×t(式中、ρ=密度(g/cc)、m=質量(g)、w=幅(1.5cm)、l=長さ(16.5cm)、およびt=厚さ(cm)を使用して計算される。
ガーリー(Gurley)
Gurley空気流れ試験(ガーリーモデル4340オートマチックデンソメーター)は、12.4cmの水圧力で6.45cm2の試料を流れて通る100cm3の空気当たりの秒での時間を測定する。
直径で5.5インチ(14cm)、または面積で23.76平方インチ(153.3平方cm)の円形のガスケットの付いたフランジのある治具で試験試料をクランプすることによって、通気性を測定した。試料治具の上流側を、乾燥圧縮空気の供給源とラインで流量計に接続した。試料治具の下流側は、雰囲気に解放されていた。
ダイパンチを使用して、ePTFE膜から165mm長×15mm幅の長方形試料を切り出すことによって、試料を調製した。膜を切断台上に置いて、試料が切断される範囲においてシワがないようにした。次に165mm×15mmのダイを膜(概して織物の200mmの中心)の上に置き、その長軸が試験される方向と平行になるようにした。いったんダイを位置合わせすると、膜織物にかけて切断するように圧力を掛けた。この圧力を取り除くと、張力試験に影響を与えることができる端の欠陥がないことを確かにするように、試験のための長方形の試料を点検した。縦方向で少なくとも3つ試料および横方向で3つの試料をこのように調製した。いったん試料が調製されると、化学天秤を使用してそれらの質量およびミツトヨ製547−400S厚さゲージを使用してそれらの厚さを決定するためにそれらの試料を測定した。厚さを測定するための任意の適した手段を使用できることに留意のこと。その後インストロン5500引張試験機を使用してその張力特性を決定するために、それぞれの試料を測定した。試料を引張試験機中に挿入し、およびインストロンカタログ2702−015(ゴムで被覆したフェースプレート)および2702−016(のこぎり状のフェースプレート)のグリッププレートを使用して保持して、試料のそれぞれの終端が1つのゴムで被覆されたフェースプレートと1つののこぎり状のフェースプレートとの間に保持されるようにした。グリッププレートに掛けた圧力は約552kPaであった。グリップ間のゲージ長を50mmに設定し、およびクロスヘッド速度(引張速度)を、200mm/分の速度に設定した。500N荷重セルをこれらの測定を行うために使用し、およびデータを50点/秒の割合で収集した。実験室温度は、比較できる結果を確かにするために、20〜22.2℃の間であった。最終的に、もし試料がたまたまグリップ界面で破壊すると、データを廃棄した。膜織物を特徴づけるために、縦方向で少なくとも3つ試料および横方向で3つの試料を(グリップから抜けたり、またはグリップで破壊したりすることなく)成功裏に引っ張った。
MTS=Fmax×(ρo×l100×m)
(式中、MTS=MPaでのマトリックス引っ張り強度、Fmax=試験の間に測定された最大の荷重(ニュートン)、ρo=PTFEの密度(2.2グラム/cc)、l=試料長さ(cm)、およびm=試料の質量(グラム))を使用した。
毛管流ポロメーター(Quantachrome Instruments, Boynton Beach, Floridaからのモデル3Gzh)を使用してASTM F316−03の一般的な教示にしたがって、泡立ち点を測定した。試料膜を、試料チャンバー中に配置し、および(Porous Materials Inc.から入手可能な)20.1ダイン/cmの表面張力を有するSilwickシリコーン流体で湿潤させた。試料チャンバーの底クランプは、試料を支えるために使用される2.54cmの直径、0.159cmの厚さの多孔質金属ディスクインサート(Quantachrome部品番号75461ステンレススチールフィルター)を有していた。3GWinソフトウェアバージョン2.1を使用して、すぐ下の表中で特定したようにパラメーターを設定した。泡立ち点圧力として示された値は、2つの測定の平均である。
DBP=4γlvcosθ/PBP
(式中、DBPは、孔サイズであり、γlvは、液体の表面張力であり、θは、材料表面の流体の接触角であり、およびPBPは、泡立ち点圧力である。)を使用して孔サイズに変換した。泡立ち点測定において使用された液体は、試料の表面を湿潤させることが当業者に理解される。
ASTM C303中に記載された一般的な教示に従って体積決定とともに、密度決定を、標準化学天秤を使用して質量測定で決定した。
複合物の厚さを、ASTM C303中に記載された一般的な教示に従って決定した。
フォーム/エーロゲル複合物の熱伝導度を、ASTM C518中に記載された一般的な教示に従って、2PSIの圧縮の荷重で37.8℃の平均温度において決定した。
例1では、ASTM C303中に記載された一般的な教示に従った体積決定とともに、標準化学天秤を使用して重量測定で、密度を決定し、およびASTM C518中に記載された一般的な教示に従って、2PSIの圧縮荷重で37.8℃の平均温度において、熱伝導度を決定した。
例2として、ASTM C303中に記載された一般的な教示に従った体積決定とともに、標準化学天秤を使用して重量測定で密度を決定し、およびASTM C518中に記載された一般的な教示に従って、2PSIの圧縮荷重で37.8℃の平均温度において熱伝導度を決定した。
例3として、ASTM C303中に記載された一般的な教示に従った体積決定とともに、標準化学天秤を使用して重量測定で、密度を決定し、およびASTM C518中に記載された一般的な教示に従って、2PSIの圧縮荷重で37.8℃の平均温度において、熱伝導度を決定した。
Claims (23)
- 少なくとも1つの微多孔質層を含むスカフォールドと、
前記微多孔質層の複数の孔を通って伸びる少なくとも1つのモノリシックエーロゲル構造と、
を含む、絶縁構造。 - 少なくとも1つの微多孔質層および前記微多孔質層に隣接した少なくとも1つの多孔質層を含むスカフォールドと、
エーロゲル構造と、
を含む、絶縁構造であって、
前記エーロゲル構造の一部は、前記微多孔質層の少なくとも一部を通って伸び、そしてまた、前記隣接した多孔質層の少なくとも一部を通って伸びる、絶縁構造。 - 前記スカフォールドは、多孔質層をさらに含み、および
前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造は、前記多孔質層の複数の孔を通って伸びる、請求項1に記載の絶縁構造。 - 前記多孔質層および前記微多孔質層は、第1の界面において相互に接触し、および
前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造は、前記第1の界面にわたって伸びる、請求項2または3に記載の絶縁構造。 - 前記絶縁構造は、2つの微多孔質層を含み、
前記2つの微多孔質層は、前記多孔質層の反対側上で前記多孔質層に隣接しており、および
前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造は、前記多孔質層および両方の微多孔質層の複数の孔を通って伸びる、請求項3または4に記載の絶縁構造。 - 前記多孔質層は、第1の界面における前記2つの微多孔質層の一方に接触し、
前記多孔質層は、第2の界面における前記2つの微多孔質層のもう一方に接触し、および
前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造は、前記第1の界面および第2の界面にわたって伸びる、請求項5に記載の絶縁構造。 - 前記微多孔質層は、微多孔質フィルムである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記多孔質層は、連続気泡フォームを含む、請求項2〜7のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記連続気泡フォームは、網状ガラス質炭素フォーム、ポリウレタンフォーム、メラミンフォーム、ポリイミドフォーム、セラミックフォーム、または金属フォームを含む、請求項8に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記連続気泡フォームは、網状フォームである、請求項8に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記多孔質層は、テキスタイル層を含む、請求項2〜8のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記テキスタイル層は、織物、編物、または不織層を含む、請求項11に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記多孔質層は、300秒以下、好ましくは50秒以下のガーレー数を有する、請求項2〜12のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記多孔質層は、フィラーを含む、請求項2〜13のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記フィラーは、ガラス微小球、セラミック微小球、またはポリエチレン微小球を含む、請求項14に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記微多孔質層は、300秒以下、好ましくは50秒以下のガーレー数を含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記微多孔質層は、0.03μm〜210μm、好ましくは0.03μm〜15μmの孔サイズを含む、請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの微多孔質層は、延伸フルオロポリマーフィルム、延伸ポリエチレン(ePE)フィルム、または延伸ポリプロピレン(ePP)フィルムを含む、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記微多孔質層は、延伸ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(ePTFE)フィルムを含む、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記ePTFEフィルムは、ノード、小線維、および前記ノードと小線維との間のボイドを含む微細構造を有し、ならびに前記ボイドは、前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造によって少なくとも部分的に充填されている、請求項19に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの微多孔質フィルムは、前記多孔質層より小さい孔サイズを有する、請求項2〜20のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記モノリシックエーロゲル構造は、有機、無機またはハイブリッド有機無機材料を含む、請求項1〜21のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
- 前記エーロゲルは、シリカ、チタニア、ジルコニア、アルミナ、ハフニア、イットリア、セリア、カーバイド、窒化物、これらの変形物またはそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載の絶縁構造。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201662287762P | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | |
US62/287,762 | 2016-01-27 | ||
PCT/US2017/015180 WO2017132409A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-26 | Insulating structures |
US15/417,062 | 2017-01-26 | ||
US15/417,062 US20170210092A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-26 | Insulating structures |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2019512022A true JP2019512022A (ja) | 2019-05-09 |
JP6930985B2 JP6930985B2 (ja) | 2021-09-01 |
Family
ID=59359787
Family Applications (4)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018539054A Active JP6839200B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-26 | 補強エーロゲル複合物を含む積層体 |
JP2018539069A Active JP6930985B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-26 | 絶縁構造 |
JP2018539052A Active JP7187312B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-27 | 補強されたエーロゲル複合物を含む改善された積層体 |
JP2022189067A Active JP7488877B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2022-11-28 | 補強されたエーロゲル複合物を含む改善された積層体 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018539054A Active JP6839200B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-26 | 補強エーロゲル複合物を含む積層体 |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018539052A Active JP7187312B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2017-01-27 | 補強されたエーロゲル複合物を含む改善された積層体 |
JP2022189067A Active JP7488877B2 (ja) | 2016-01-27 | 2022-11-28 | 補強されたエーロゲル複合物を含む改善された積層体 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (5) | US11072145B2 (ja) |
EP (3) | EP3408084A1 (ja) |
JP (4) | JP6839200B2 (ja) |
KR (3) | KR102149591B1 (ja) |
CN (4) | CN108883597B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3016019A1 (ja) |
TW (3) | TWI743082B (ja) |
WO (3) | WO2017132409A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6469508B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-17 | 2019-02-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | シリコーン多孔質シートの製造方法、凍結体及びシリコーン多孔質シートのロール体 |
KR102149591B1 (ko) | 2016-01-27 | 2020-08-28 | 더블유.엘. 고어 앤드 어소시에이트스, 인코포레이티드 | 보강된 에어로겔 복합재를 포함하는 적층체 |
JP6634595B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-18 | 2020-01-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 断熱材及びその製造方法 |
JP6967698B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-10 | 2021-11-17 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 断熱体と断熱材の皮膜形成方法 |
JP7029589B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-08 | 2022-03-04 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 断熱材 |
CN108608705A (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-02 | 上海挚富高分子材料有限公司 | 一种薄型气凝胶包覆工艺 |
SG11202011338TA (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2020-12-30 | Aspen Aerogels Inc | Fire-class reinforced aerogel compositions |
JP7274302B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-18 | 2023-05-16 | 株式会社イノアック技術研究所 | エアロゲル複合材及びその製造方法 |
CN108905912B (zh) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-10-30 | 纳诺科技有限公司 | 气凝胶复合材料的制备方法 |
US11614196B2 (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2023-03-28 | Johns Manville | Fiber reinforced aerogel insulation |
US10836073B2 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-11-17 | Johns Manville | Fiber reinforced aerogel insulation and method therefor |
KR20210155016A (ko) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-12-21 | 바스프 에스이 | 단일체 유기 에어로겔에 기초한 몰딩 |
CN113939942A (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-01-14 | 东丽纤维研究所(中国)有限公司 | 一种隔热防火材料及其用途 |
JP7454927B2 (ja) | 2019-08-08 | 2024-03-25 | ニチアス株式会社 | フレキシブル管用保温カバー、保温管およびフレキシブル管用保温カバーの製造方法 |
JP7428614B2 (ja) | 2019-08-23 | 2024-02-06 | 株式会社イノアック技術研究所 | エアロゲル複合材及びその製造方法 |
US11837575B2 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2023-12-05 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Bonding passive devices on active device dies to form 3D packages |
KR102581268B1 (ko) * | 2019-09-03 | 2023-09-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 에어로겔 블랭킷 제조방법 |
MX2022006158A (es) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-08-08 | Aspen Aerogels Inc | Una placa de aislamiento termico que comprende al menos un material compuesto de aerogel para el aislamiento termico de edificios. |
CN111005463B (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-02-15 | 巩义市泛锐熠辉复合材料有限公司 | 一种隔热夹心层及其制备方法 |
CN114929645A (zh) * | 2020-01-11 | 2022-08-19 | 纽约州立大学研究基金会 | 陶瓷泡沫-纤维复合材料、其制造方法及其用途 |
JP6782478B1 (ja) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-11-11 | 株式会社コゼットクリエーション | エアロゲル含有高通気性積層シート |
EP4121469A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2023-01-25 | aerogel-it GmbH | Thin and flexible thermal insulation material based on a monolithic organic aerogel |
KR102348859B1 (ko) * | 2020-06-10 | 2022-01-11 | (주)대한케미칼 | 고강도 절연 플레이트 |
IT202000020293A1 (it) * | 2020-08-20 | 2022-02-20 | Giuseppe Librizzi | Pannello di un condotto per il convogliamento di aria in un impianto di condizionamento ambientale, e relativi apparato e metodo per la realizzazione di detto pannello |
TWI764412B (zh) * | 2020-12-07 | 2022-05-11 | 財團法人紡織產業綜合研究所 | 用於電子元件的不織布膜材及其製備方法 |
CN114683627A (zh) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-07-01 | 包城吉 | 隔热保温复合板及其制造方法 |
CN112908510A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-04 | 江苏达胜伦比亚生物科技有限公司 | 一种辐射法制备导电凝胶及其成型工艺 |
CN113104833B (zh) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | 一种生物炭基硬质泡沫碳、其制备方法和在电催化中的应用 |
CN113601774B (zh) * | 2021-08-14 | 2023-01-31 | 许绝电工股份有限公司 | 一种高导热绝缘板的生产工艺 |
EP4265407A1 (en) | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-25 | Basf Se | Thermal insulation composite |
KR102512503B1 (ko) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-03-22 | 엔디티엔지니어링(주) | 에어로젤 블랭킷 원단 자동 라미네이팅 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN117510181B (zh) * | 2023-11-07 | 2024-04-16 | 武汉中科先进材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水、增强型二氧化硅气凝胶毡及其制备方法 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0834678A (ja) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | エアロゲルパネル |
JP2002275305A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 複合多孔体およびその製造方法 |
JP2007524528A (ja) * | 2003-06-24 | 2007-08-30 | アスペン・エアロジェルズ・インコーポレーテッド | ゲルシートの製造方法 |
US20090029147A1 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2009-01-29 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Aerogel-foam composites |
JP2009024615A (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-02-05 | Nichias Corp | 触媒コンバーター、触媒コンバーター用保持材及びその製造方法 |
WO2010074086A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-01 | ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社 | 複合シートおよびその製造方法 |
JP2011005676A (ja) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-01-13 | Achilles Corp | ナノ構造を有する多孔質体を内包する複合体 |
JP2012225409A (ja) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-11-15 | Nichias Corp | 断熱材、断熱材の製造方法および発熱構造体 |
Family Cites Families (95)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2117605A (en) | 1936-12-18 | 1938-05-17 | Albert A Fowler | Method of making light-weight molded material |
BE513664A (ja) | 1951-08-24 | |||
US2789095A (en) | 1952-11-22 | 1957-04-16 | Du Pont | Process for preparing urea-formaldehyde solid foam |
US2831820A (en) | 1953-04-13 | 1958-04-22 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Foamed epoxy resin composition and method of making |
US2811499A (en) | 1953-05-29 | 1957-10-29 | Polymer Corp | Composition of nylon powder and silica aerogel |
US2926390A (en) | 1956-07-25 | 1960-03-01 | Goodrich Co B F | Process of impregnating vulcanized foam rubber with an aqueous dispersion comprisingcolloidal silica |
US2993869A (en) | 1956-12-05 | 1961-07-25 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | Cellular polyurethane elastomer and preparation of same using a morpholine catalyst |
US3025200A (en) | 1957-08-09 | 1962-03-13 | Scott Paper Co | Celliform structure and method of making same |
US2936294A (en) | 1957-09-27 | 1960-05-10 | Us Rubber Co | Preparation of cellular polyamideepoxy resin compositions |
US2920983A (en) | 1957-11-21 | 1960-01-12 | Du Pont | Hydrophilic polyurethane foam structure and process |
US3057750A (en) | 1958-12-16 | 1962-10-09 | Du Pont | Process for reinforcing a preformed elastomer foam |
US3055360A (en) | 1959-03-23 | 1962-09-25 | Scholl Mfg Co Inc | Plaster of paris composition and production of bandages using the same |
NL120256C (ja) | 1959-05-15 | |||
US3094433A (en) | 1959-11-27 | 1963-06-18 | Du Pont | Elastomeric foam haivng its pore walls coated with fir ous boehmite |
US3129191A (en) | 1960-03-09 | 1964-04-14 | Bell & Richardson Inc De | Dielectric foams |
US3060137A (en) | 1960-05-03 | 1962-10-23 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Preparation of cellular polyurethane plastics |
US3082611A (en) | 1960-07-08 | 1963-03-26 | Ling Temco Vought Inc | Protective means |
US3090094A (en) | 1961-02-21 | 1963-05-21 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making porous ceramic articles |
US3112524A (en) | 1961-04-25 | 1963-12-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Apparatus for curing foamed materials |
US3342922A (en) | 1963-10-09 | 1967-09-19 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of preparing re-expandable foam |
US3171820A (en) | 1964-02-17 | 1965-03-02 | Scott Paper Co | Reticulated polyurethane foams and process for their production |
US3386877A (en) | 1964-11-02 | 1968-06-04 | Dow Chemical Co | Cellular thermoplastic article having selected open cells and its manufacture |
US3459274A (en) | 1967-07-31 | 1969-08-05 | Monsanto Co | Sound barrier structure and method of making same |
US3504064A (en) | 1968-02-26 | 1970-03-31 | Floral Dev Corp | Method of compressing and subsequently re - expanding urea - formaldehyde foam |
US3506600A (en) | 1968-11-29 | 1970-04-14 | Olin Mathieson | Crush-before-curing process for producing densified polyurethane foam |
US3650993A (en) | 1970-04-06 | 1972-03-21 | Olin Corp | Crush-before-final curing process for making densified polyurethane foam utilizing a volatile organic foaming agent |
SE392582B (sv) | 1970-05-21 | 1977-04-04 | Gore & Ass | Forfarande vid framstellning av ett porost material, genom expandering och streckning av en tetrafluoretenpolymer framstelld i ett pastabildande strengsprutningsforfarande |
GB1382986A (en) | 1971-08-18 | 1975-02-05 | Ici Ltd | Foamed shaped article |
US4252517A (en) | 1978-08-09 | 1981-02-24 | Olin Corporation | Apparatus for crushing partially cured freely risen foam |
US4454248A (en) | 1982-09-29 | 1984-06-12 | The Boeing Company | Open cell rigid thermoset foams and method |
US4532316A (en) | 1984-05-29 | 1985-07-30 | W. L. Gore & Assoc., Inc. | Phase separating polyurethane prepolymers and elastomers prepared by reacting a polyol having a molecular weight of 600-3500 and isocyanate and a low molecular weight chain extender in which the ratios of reactants have a limited range |
US4610863A (en) | 1985-09-04 | 1986-09-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Process for forming transparent aerogel insulating arrays |
DE3534738A1 (de) | 1985-09-28 | 1987-04-09 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von elastischen melamin-schaumstoffen |
US5026591A (en) | 1987-04-21 | 1991-06-25 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Coated products and methods for making |
DE69128073T2 (de) | 1990-08-23 | 1998-02-26 | Univ California As Represented | Verfahren zur herstellung von metalloxidaerogelen mit dichte weniger als 0,02 g/cm3 |
DE4137405A1 (de) | 1991-11-14 | 1993-05-19 | Basf Ag | Expandierbare styrolpolymerisate, enthaltend als treibmittel kohlendioxid |
US5565142A (en) | 1992-04-01 | 1996-10-15 | Deshpande; Ravindra | Preparation of high porosity xerogels by chemical surface modification. |
US5395805A (en) | 1993-03-25 | 1995-03-07 | Regents Of The University Of California | Method for making monolithic metal oxide aerogels |
US5420168A (en) | 1993-04-01 | 1995-05-30 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method of low pressure and/or evaporative drying of aerogel |
US5814405A (en) | 1995-08-04 | 1998-09-29 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Strong, air permeable membranes of polytetrafluoroethylene |
WO1997013803A1 (de) | 1995-10-11 | 1997-04-17 | Hoechst Research & Technology | Aerogelbeschichtete folie |
EP0915923A1 (en) | 1996-07-30 | 1999-05-19 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Process for the preparation of polyurethane foams |
EP0937114B1 (en) | 1996-11-08 | 2002-08-14 | Huntsman International Llc | Process for preparing rigid and flexible polyurethane foams |
DE19702239A1 (de) | 1997-01-24 | 1998-07-30 | Hoechst Ag | Mehrschichtige Verbundmaterialien, die mindestens eine aerogelhaltige Schicht und mindestens eine Schicht, die Polyethylenterephthalat-Fasern enthält, aufweisen, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie ihre Verwendung |
US6315971B1 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 2001-11-13 | Cabot Corporation | Process for producing low density gel compositions |
US5962539A (en) | 1997-05-09 | 1999-10-05 | Separex S.A. | Process and equipment for drying a polymeric aerogel in the presence of a supercritical fluid |
US6187831B1 (en) | 1998-09-16 | 2001-02-13 | Owens Corning Fiberglas Technology, Inc. | Process for producing extruded foam products with higher levels of CO2 as a blowing agent |
US6704192B2 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2004-03-09 | Amtek Research International Llc | Electrically conductive, freestanding microporous sheet for use in an ultracapacitor |
US6544618B1 (en) | 1999-05-06 | 2003-04-08 | Cabot Corporation | Thermally reflective layer-porous metal oxide film insulation composite |
RU2002113291A (ru) | 1999-10-21 | 2004-03-27 | Эспен Системз, Инк. (Us) | Способ ускоренного изготовления аэрогеля |
DE10027770A1 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-12-13 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schaumstoffen aus Melamin/Formaldehyd-Kondensaten |
KR100909732B1 (ko) | 2000-12-22 | 2009-07-29 | 아스펜 에어로겔, 인코퍼레이티드 | 섬유성 배팅을 보유하는 에어로겔 복합물 |
SE523881C2 (sv) | 2001-09-27 | 2004-05-25 | Abb Ab | Anordning samt förfarande för kontinuerlig gjutning |
AU2003269979A1 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2004-03-11 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Process for enhancing material properties and materials so enhanced |
US7118801B2 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2006-10-10 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Aerogel/PTFE composite insulating material |
BRPI0506437A (pt) | 2004-01-06 | 2006-12-26 | Aspen Aerogels Inc | aerogéis de ormosil contendo polìmeros lineares ligados a silìcio |
DE102004019708A1 (de) | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-17 | Basf Ag | Offenzellige Schaumstoffe und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
KR101299347B1 (ko) * | 2004-06-29 | 2013-08-22 | 아스펜 에어로겔, 인코포레이티드 | 에너지 효율적이고 절연된 건물 외피들 |
WO2006035917A2 (en) | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Ebara Corporation | Method of manufacturing grafted material |
WO2006074449A2 (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-13 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | A thermal management system for high temperature events |
WO2006127182A2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2006-11-30 | Aspen Aerogels Inc. | Coated insulation articles and their manufacture |
US20060264132A1 (en) * | 2005-05-21 | 2006-11-23 | Leeser Daniel L | High performance aerogel composites |
US20070014979A1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-01-18 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Secured Aerogel Composites and Methods of Manufacture Thereof |
FR2894114B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-06 | 2008-04-18 | Salomon Sa | Element d'isolation thermique et vetement, chaussure munie d'un tel element |
US20070173157A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 | 2007-07-26 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Flexible coherent insulating structures |
WO2007133805A2 (en) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-22 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Aerogel-based enclosure systems |
WO2007140293A2 (en) | 2006-05-25 | 2007-12-06 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Aerogel compositions with enhanced performance |
KR101105436B1 (ko) | 2006-10-25 | 2012-01-17 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 에어로겔 시트 및 그 제조방법 |
GB0704854D0 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2007-04-18 | Proctor Group Ltd A | Wall insulation system |
AU2008231065B2 (en) * | 2007-03-23 | 2014-09-11 | Birdair, Inc. | Architectural membrane structures and methods for producing them |
ES2358473T3 (es) | 2007-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Decathlon | Artículo de confección con efecto de contención heterogéneo para la práctica de un deporte. |
US9099248B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2015-08-04 | Corporation for National Research Iniatives | Variable capacitor tuned using laser micromachining |
US8734931B2 (en) | 2007-07-23 | 2014-05-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Aerogel composites |
GB0814789D0 (en) * | 2008-08-13 | 2008-09-17 | Proctor Group Ltd A | Wall liner |
JP2010047710A (ja) | 2008-08-22 | 2010-03-04 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology | 柔軟性、成形性を有する発泡ポリマー−シリカ複合体およびそれを用いた断熱材料 |
EP2613935B1 (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2016-12-07 | Yissum Research Development Company of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem Ltd. | Cellulose-based composite materials |
JP2012206062A (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-25 | Nihon Gore Kk | 複合膜 |
KR101241054B1 (ko) | 2011-04-29 | 2013-03-19 | 주식회사 산청 | 에어로젤을 이용한 단열용 복합 시트의 제조방법 |
US20120308369A1 (en) * | 2011-05-31 | 2012-12-06 | Mra Systems, Inc. | Laminate thermal insulation blanket for aircraft applications and process therefor |
ES2609805T3 (es) | 2011-07-25 | 2017-04-24 | Giemme S.N.C. Di Corradini Marco & C. | Método para hacer un panel aislante y panel aislante obtenible con dicho método |
CN104603344B (zh) | 2012-06-26 | 2020-03-31 | 卡博特公司 | 柔性绝缘结构及其制造和使用方法 |
US11053369B2 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2021-07-06 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Segmented flexible gel composites and rigid panels manufactured therefrom |
JP2014040750A (ja) | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-06 | Panasonic Corp | エアロゲルを用いた断熱材 |
WO2014132652A1 (ja) | 2013-02-28 | 2014-09-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | エアロゲルを用いた断熱構造体 |
US20140287641A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-25 | Aerogel Technologies, Llc | Layered aerogel composites, related aerogel materials, and methods of manufacture |
CA2914044A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-11-27 | Columbia Sportswear North America, Inc. | Insulating material with continuous insulation and fill |
FR3007025B1 (fr) | 2013-06-14 | 2015-06-19 | Enersens | Materiaux composites isolants comprenant un aerogel inorganique et une mousse de melamine |
CN103411098B (zh) * | 2013-08-28 | 2016-06-08 | 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 | 一种耐高温一体化刚性隔热构件及其制备方法 |
JP2015088750A (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2015-05-07 | サムソン エレクトロ−メカニックス カンパニーリミテッド. | コア基板およびコア基板の製造方法 |
CN104029429A (zh) | 2014-06-18 | 2014-09-10 | 航天海鹰(镇江)特种材料有限公司 | 一种以热熔胶为粘结剂的气凝胶复合布料及其制备方法 |
US9441088B2 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-09-13 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Articles produced from VDF-co-(TFE or TrFE) polymers |
JP6771195B2 (ja) | 2015-08-07 | 2020-10-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 断熱材およびそれを使用した機器と断熱材の製造方法 |
KR102149591B1 (ko) * | 2016-01-27 | 2020-08-28 | 더블유.엘. 고어 앤드 어소시에이트스, 인코포레이티드 | 보강된 에어로겔 복합재를 포함하는 적층체 |
KR101962206B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-19 | 2019-03-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 에어로겔 시트를 포함하는 복합시트 제조방법 및 제조장치 |
CN106185856B (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-10-02 | 厦门稀土材料研究所 | 一种利用离子液体液相支撑膜系统制备磷酸化稀土纳米材料的方法及其制品和用途 |
-
2017
- 2017-01-26 KR KR1020187024637A patent/KR102149591B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-01-26 KR KR1020187024605A patent/KR102147030B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-01-26 US US15/417,170 patent/US11072145B2/en active Active
- 2017-01-26 CN CN201780008881.3A patent/CN108883597B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-26 JP JP2018539054A patent/JP6839200B2/ja active Active
- 2017-01-26 JP JP2018539069A patent/JP6930985B2/ja active Active
- 2017-01-26 CN CN201780008907.4A patent/CN108778707B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-26 EP EP17707998.5A patent/EP3408084A1/en active Pending
- 2017-01-26 WO PCT/US2017/015180 patent/WO2017132409A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-26 EP EP17706006.8A patent/EP3408085B1/en active Active
- 2017-01-26 WO PCT/US2017/015188 patent/WO2017132413A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-26 US US15/417,062 patent/US20170210092A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-01-26 US US15/417,142 patent/US10618249B2/en active Active
- 2017-01-27 CN CN202111366972.9A patent/CN114083846A/zh active Pending
- 2017-01-27 WO PCT/US2017/015440 patent/WO2017132569A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-01-27 EP EP17706013.4A patent/EP3408086A1/en active Pending
- 2017-01-27 JP JP2018539052A patent/JP7187312B2/ja active Active
- 2017-01-27 CA CA3016019A patent/CA3016019A1/en active Pending
- 2017-01-27 CN CN201780008941.1A patent/CN108602307B/zh active Active
- 2017-01-27 KR KR1020187024677A patent/KR20180109078A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-02-02 TW TW106103544A patent/TWI743082B/zh active
- 2017-02-02 TW TW106103543A patent/TWI730040B/zh active
- 2017-02-02 TW TW106103444A patent/TWI655094B/zh active
-
2019
- 2019-12-11 US US16/711,070 patent/US10940669B2/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-07-26 US US17/384,902 patent/US20210354420A1/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-28 JP JP2022189067A patent/JP7488877B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0834678A (ja) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-02-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | エアロゲルパネル |
JP2002275305A (ja) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 複合多孔体およびその製造方法 |
JP2007524528A (ja) * | 2003-06-24 | 2007-08-30 | アスペン・エアロジェルズ・インコーポレーテッド | ゲルシートの製造方法 |
US20090029147A1 (en) * | 2006-06-12 | 2009-01-29 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Aerogel-foam composites |
JP2009024615A (ja) * | 2007-07-20 | 2009-02-05 | Nichias Corp | 触媒コンバーター、触媒コンバーター用保持材及びその製造方法 |
WO2010074086A1 (ja) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-07-01 | ジャパンゴアテックス株式会社 | 複合シートおよびその製造方法 |
JP2011005676A (ja) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-01-13 | Achilles Corp | ナノ構造を有する多孔質体を内包する複合体 |
JP2012225409A (ja) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-11-15 | Nichias Corp | 断熱材、断熱材の製造方法および発熱構造体 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6930985B2 (ja) | 絶縁構造 | |
JP2022104991A (ja) | セグメント化ゲル複合材料およびこの複合材料から製造される剛性パネル | |
TW202135373A (zh) | 氣凝膠基組分及用於電動車輛熱管理之系統 | |
IL294489A (en) | Battery thermal management unit |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20180815 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20190710 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20190716 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20191011 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20200331 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200623 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20201208 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20210305 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210318 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20210713 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20210812 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6930985 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |