JP2018512060A - Rna干渉組成物及び悪性腫瘍のための方法 - Google Patents
Rna干渉組成物及び悪性腫瘍のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ヒトGST-πを標的とするRNAi分子、ヒトp21を標的とするRNAi分子及び薬学的に許容される担体を含む組成物。RNAi分子は、アンチセンス鎖の3'末端から2〜8位のうち1つ以上に2'-デオキシヌクレオチドを含んでいても良い。
当業者は、報告された配列が経時的に変化することがあり、それに応じて本明細書中の核酸分子に必要な変化を組み込むことができることを理解するであろう。
本発明の実施形態は、GST-π及び/又はGST-πタンパク質の発現をダウンレギュレート又は阻害するために使用できるRNAi分子と、p21及び/又はp21タンパク質の発現をダウンレギュレート又は阻害するために使用できるRNAi分子を提供することができる。
RNA干渉(RNAi)は、短い干渉RNA(siRNA)によって媒介される動物における配列特異的転写後遺伝子サイレンシングを意味する。例えば、Zamoreら、Cell、2000、Vol. 101、25〜33頁; Fireら、Nature、1998、Vol. 391、806811頁; Sharp、Genes&Development、1999、Vol. 13、pp. 139-141参照。
いくつかの態様において、RNAi分子は、RISC活性RNAi分子を生成するようにプロセシングされるダイサー基質として適した長さにすることができる。例えば、Rossiら、US2005/0244858参照。
本発明の核酸分子及びRNAi分子は、分子の直接的な適用によって、又は担体若しくは希釈剤と組み合わせた分子を用いて、細胞又は組織に送達することができる。
GST-piの活性を阻害するためのさらなる活性剤の例には、GST-piに結合する物質、例えばグルタチオン、グルタチオン類似体(例えばWO95/08563、WO96/40205、WO99/54346に開示されたもの)、ケトプロフェン、インドメタシン(例えば、Hall et al., Cancer Res. 1989; 49(22):6265-8)、エタクリン酸、ピリプロスト(例えば、Tewら、Cancer Res.1988; 48(13):3622-5)、抗GST-pi抗体及びGST-πのドミナントネガティブ変異体が挙げられる。これらの薬剤は、市販されているか、あるいは公知の技術に基づいて適宜製造することができる。
本明細書中で使用される場合、「脂質」などの製剤の成分は、単一の化合物であってもよく、又は1つ以上の適切な脂質化合物の組み合わせであってもよい。例えば、「安定剤脂質」は、単一の安定剤脂質又は1つ以上の好適な安定剤脂質の組み合わせを意味することができる。当業者であれば、過度の実験をすることなく、本明細書に記載の化合物の特定の組み合わせを使用することができ、化合物の様々な組み合わせが製剤の成分の記載に包含されることを容易に理解することができる。
本発明は、本発明の1つ又は複数のイオン化可能な脂質分子を含む、細胞、組織又は器官、生物及び被験体における活性剤の分配に使用するための組成物を提供することができる。
いくつかの実施形態では、3つの脂質様成分、すなわち1つ以上のイオン化可能な分子、構造脂質及び1つ以上のナノ粒子の免疫原性を低下させるための脂質は、組成物の脂質成分の100%とすることができる。特定の実施形態では、カチオン性脂質を含めることができる。
イオン化可能な脂質の例には、式I(Formula I)に示される構造を有する化合物を挙げることができる。
ここで、R3は以下から選択され、
R7は、H、アルキル、ヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7であり;
pは1〜4である。
ここでR4及びR5はそれぞれ独立して、C(12-20)アルキル基又は0〜2個の二重結合を有するC(12-20)アルケニル基であり;
ここで、R3は以下から選択され、
R7は、H、アルキル、ヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7であり;
pは1〜4である。
ここでR2及びR4はそれぞれ独立して、C(12-20)アルキル基又は0〜2個の二重結合を有するC(12-20)アルケニル基であり;
ここで、R3はアミノアルキル及び第四級アミノアルキルから選択される。
ここでR4及びR5はそれぞれ独立して、C(12-20)アルキル基又は0〜2個の二重結合を有するC(12-20)アルケニル基であり;
ここで、R3は以下から選択され、
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7である。
n及びmは1〜2であり; R4及びR5は互いに独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
R3はアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシアルコキシ及びカルボキシアルキルから選択され;
R6はNR7 2、N+HR7 2及びN+R7 3から選択され;
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択される。
R4及びR5は互いに独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
ZはS又はOであり;
R3 は以下から選択され、
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
pは1〜4である。
R4及びR5は互いに独立して C(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20) のアルケニル基であり;
pは1〜4であり;
R3は以下から選択され、
それぞれR6は独立してH、アルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシ、アルコキシアルコキシ及びアミノアルキルから選択され;
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7である。
n及びmは1〜2であり;
R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
R3はアミノアルキル、第四級アミノアルキル及びアルコキシアルコキシアルキルから選択される。
ZはNH又はOであり、
R4及びR5は互いに独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
R3はアミノ、第四級アミノ、アミノアルキル、第四級アミノアルキル
NHC(=O)SR9から選択され;
R8は
アミノアルキル;
R9はアミノアルキルから選択され;
そして、それぞれR6は独立してH、アルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシ、アルコキシアルコキシ及びアミノアルキルから選択され;
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7である。
n及びmは1〜2であり;
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
ZはN又はOであり;
R3は
それぞれR6は独立してH、アルキル、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシ、アルコキシアルコキシ及びアミノアルキルから選択され;
R7はH、アルキル及びヒドロキシアルキルから選択され;
pは1〜4である。
R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
R3は、アミノ、第四級アミノ、アミノアルキル、第四級アミノアルキル、ヒドロキシアルキルアミノ及び第四級ヒドロキシアルキルアミノから選択される。
R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立してC(12-20)のアルキル基又はC(12-20)のアルケニル基であり;
pは1〜4であり;
R3は
R7はH及びアルキルから選択され;
QはO又はNR7である。
構造脂質の例には、コレステロール、ステロール及びステロイドが含まれる。
安定剤脂質の例としては、双性イオン性脂質が挙げられる。
免疫原性を低下させるための脂質の例には、高分子化合物及びポリマー-脂質複合体が含まれる。
カチオン性脂質の例には、US 2013/0330401 A1に記載されているカチオン性HEDC化合物が含まれる。カチオン性脂質のいくつかの例は、US 2013/0115274 A1に記載されている。カチオン性脂質のさらなる例は、当技術分野で公知である。
いくつかの実施形態において、組成物は、イオン化可能な脂質化合物81、構造脂質コレステロール、安定剤脂質DOPC並びにDOPE、及び免疫原性を低下させるための脂質DPPE-mPEGを含むことができる。特定の実施形態において、化合物81は、組成物の15〜25モル%とすることができる; コレステロール、DOPC及びDOPEを合わせて、組成物の75〜85モル%とすることができる; DPPE-mPEGは組成物の5モル%とすることができる。
本発明の実施形態は、リポソームナノ粒子組成物を提供することができる。本発明のイオン化可能な分子を使用して、脂質様分子の二重層を有することができるリポソーム組成物を形成することができる。
本発明はさらに、本発明の組成物を被験体に投与することによって、悪性腫瘍を処置するための被験体の器官に活性剤を分配する方法を企図する。治療できる臓器には、肺、肝臓、膵臓、腎臓、結腸、骨、皮膚及び腸が含まれる。
本発明は、さらに、悪性腫瘍の活性又は増殖を制御するための方法であって、有効量の組成物をそれを必要とする被験体に投与する工程を含む方法に関する。ここでいう有効量とは、悪性腫瘍を治療する方法において、その症状を緩和するか、進行を遅延させるか停止させることであり、好ましくは、悪性腫瘍の発症又は再発を予防又は治癒する量である。好ましくは、投与の利益を上回る有害作用を引き起こさない量でもある。このような量は、培養細胞を用いたin vitro試験や、マウス、ラット、イヌ、ブタ等のモデル動物や哺乳動物での試験により適宜決定すればよく、そのような試験方法は、当業者には明らかである。さらに、本発明の方法において使用される担体中の活性剤の用量及び活性剤の用量は、当業者に公知であるか、又は上記の試験によって適宜決定することができる。
被検者における悪性腫瘍を治療するための活性剤を分布させるために使用するた組成物、その組成物はイオン化可能な脂質、構造脂質及びナノ粒子の免疫原性を低下させるための脂質を含んでいる。悪性腫瘍は、肺、結腸、腎臓又は膵臓に位置することができる。悪性腫瘍は、肝臓、骨、皮膚又は腸に位置することができる。イオン化可能な脂質は、組成物の脂質の50モル%〜80モル%、又は組成物の脂質の55モル%〜65モル%とすることができる。構造脂質は、組成物の脂質の20モル%〜50モル%、又は組成物の脂質の35モル%〜55モル%とすることができる。構造脂質は、コレステロール、ステロール、又はステロイドとすることができる。ナノ粒子の免疫原性を低下させるための脂質は、組成物の脂質の1モル%〜8モル%とすることができる。ナノ粒子の免疫原性を減少させるための脂質は、200〜5000Daの分子量を有するポリエチレングリコール(PEG)領域を有することができる。ナノ粒子の免疫原性を低下させる脂質は、DPPE-mPEG、DSPE-mPEG、DMPE-mPEG、又はDOPE-mPEGとすることができる。
本発明の脂質様化合物は、1つ以上のアルキル基又はアルケニル基を含む1つ以上の親油性尾部を有することができる。親油性尾部の例としては、C(14:1(5))アルケニル、C(14:1(9))アルケニル、C(16:1(7))アルケニル、C(16:1(9))アルケニル、C(18:1(3))アルケニル、C(18:1(5))アルケニル、C(18:1(7))アルケニル、C(18:1(9)) アルケニル、C(18:1(11))アルケニル、C(18:1(12))アルケニル、C(18:2(9,12))アルケニル、C(18:2(9,11))アルケニル、C(18:3(9,12,15))アルケニル、C(18:3(6,9,12))アルケニル、C(18:3(9,11,13))アルケニル、C(18:4(6,9,12,15))アルケニル、C(18:4(9,11,13,15))アルケニル、C(20:1(9))アルケニル、C(20:1(11))アルケニル、C(20:2(8,11))アルケニル、C(20:2(5,8))アルケニル、C(20:2(11,14))アルケニル、C(20:3(5,8,11))アルケニル、C(20:4(5,8,11,14))アルケニル、C(20:4(7,10,13,16))アルケニル、C(20:5(5,8,11,14,17))アルケニル、C(20:6(4,7,10,13,16,19))アルケニル、C(22:1(9))アルケニル、C(22:1(13)アルケニル及びC(24:1(9))アルケニルを挙げることができる。
本明細書で使用する用語「アルキル」は、任意の長さを有する飽和脂肪族基のヒドロカルビル基を意味する。アルキル基は、1〜22個の炭素原子を含有する分枝又は非分枝の置換又は非置換脂肪族基とすることができる。この定義はまた、例えば、シクロアルキル、アルコキシ、アルカノイル及びアラルキルのような他の基のアルキル部分にも適用される。
トランスフェクションの1日前に、10%FBSを含む100μlのDMEM(HyCloneカタログ番号SH30243.01)を96ウェルプレートに2×103細胞/ウェルで播種し、5%CO2の空気中で加湿雰囲気を含む37℃インキュベーターで培養した。トランスフェクションの前に、培地を、2%FBSを含む90μlのOpti-MEM I還元血清培地(Life Technologiesカタログ番号31985-070)に変更した。その後、0.2μlのLipofectamine RNAiMax(Life Technologiesカタログ番号13778-100)を4.8μlのOpti-MEM Iと室温で5分間混合した。次に、1μlのsiRNAを4μlのOpti-MEM Iと混合し、LF2000溶液と混合し、ボルテックスなしで穏やかに混合した。室温で5分後、混合物を室温でさらに10分間インキュベートし、RNA-RNAiMax複合体を形成させた。さらに、10μlのRNA-RNAiMax複合体をウェルに添加し、プレートを手で静かに振盪した。細胞を5%CO2の空気中で加湿雰囲気を含む37℃のインキュベーター中で2時間インキュベートした。培地を、2%FBSを含む新鮮なOpti-MEM I還元血清培地に交換した。トランスフェクションの24時間後、細胞を氷冷PBSで1回洗浄した。細胞を室温で5〜30分間、50μlのCell-to-Ct溶解緩衝液(Life Technologiesカタログ番号4391851C)で溶解した。5μlの停止溶液を加え、室温で2分間インキュベートした。mRNAレベルはTAQMANを用いたRT-qPCRにより直ちに測定した。サンプルは-80℃で凍結し、後にアッセイすることができた。
0.2mg/mlのsiRNAを37℃で10%ヒト血清とともにインキュベートした。特定の時点(0、5、15及び30分)で、200μlの試料を等分し、抽出溶媒(クロロホルム:フェノール:イソアミルアルコール=24:25:1)200μlで抽出した。サンプルをボルテックスし、室温で10分間、13,000rpmで遠心分離し、次いで、上層溶液を移し、0.45μmのフィルターで濾過した。濾液を300μlのHPLC注入バイアルに移した。LCMSの場合、移動相はMPA:H2O中100mM HFIP+7mM TEA、MPB:50%メタノール+50%アセトニトリルとした。カラム:Waters Acquity OST 2.1×50mm、1.7μmを使用した。
Claims (36)
- ヒトGST-πを標的とするRNAi分子と、ヒトp21を標的とするRNAi分子と薬学的に許容される担体とを含む組成物。
- 上記GST-πを標的とするRNAi分子の各々が、アンチセンス鎖:配列番号131及びセンス鎖:配列番号157を有する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記p21を標的とするRNAi分子の各々が、アンチセンス鎖:配列番号341及びセンス鎖:配列番号355を有する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記GST-πを標的とするRNAi分子の各々が、アンチセンス鎖:配列番号156及びセンス鎖:配列番号182を有する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記p21を標的とするRNAi分子の各々が、アンチセンス鎖:配列番号343及びセンス鎖:配列番号357を有する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記RNAi分子の二重鎖領域中の1つ以上のヌクレオチドが修飾されているか又は化学的に修飾されている、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記修飾された又は上記化学的に修飾されたヌクレオチドは、2'-デオキシヌクレオチド、2'-O-アルキル置換ヌクレオチド、2'-デオキシ-2'-フルオロ置換ヌクレオチド、ホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド、ロックドヌクレオチド又はそれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項6記載の組成物。
- 上記RNAi分子の各々が、アンチセンス鎖の5'末端から2〜8位の1つ以上に2'-デオキシヌクレオチドを含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記RNAi分子の各々の前記アンチセンス鎖が複数の位置にデオキシヌクレオチドを有し、前記複数の位置が以下のうちの1つである、 請求項1記載の組成物。
アンチセンス鎖の5'末端からの位置4、6及び8の各々;
アンチセンス鎖の5'末端からの位置3、5及び7の各々;
アンチセンス鎖の5'末端からの位置1、3、5及び7の各々;
アンチセンス鎖の5'末端からの位置3〜8の各々; 又は
アンチセンス鎖の5 '末端からの位置5〜8の各々 - 上記組成物は、50pM未満のIC50でもってGST-πmRNAの発現を阻害し及び50pM未満のIC50でもってp21 mRNAの発現を阻害する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記組成物の単回投与が、インビボでのGST-πmRNAレベルの発現を少なくとも25%阻害する、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記担体が、RNAi分子をカプセル化するリポソームナノ粒子を含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記担体が、RNAi分子をカプセル化し、ヒト血清に1時間暴露した後にカプセル化RNAi分子の少なくとも80%を保持するリポソームナノ粒子を含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記担体が、10〜1000nm、又は10〜150nmのサイズを有するリポソームナノ粒子を含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記組成物が、悪性腫瘍の治療に対して活性である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記悪性腫瘍が、肺、結腸、腎臓、膵臓、肝臓、骨、皮膚又は腸に位置する、請求項15記載の組成物。
- 上記担体が、イオン化可能な脂質、構造脂質、1つ以上の安定剤脂質、及びナノ粒子の免疫原性を低下させるための脂質を含むリポソームナノ粒子を含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 上記イオン化可能な脂質が、化合物81、化合物71、化合物57、化合物84、化合物49、化合物76、化合物78及び化合物102の群から選択される、請求項17記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜18のいずれか1項記載の組成物の有効量を被験体に投与する工程を含む、必要とする被験体における悪性腫瘍の1つ又は複数の症状を予防、治療又は改善する方法。
- 上記悪性腫瘍がKRAS突然変異と関連しており、前記方法は前記被験体における腫瘍細胞を同定する工程を更に含み、当該腫瘍細胞が少なくともi)KRAS遺伝子の突然変異、及び(ii)KRASタンパク質の異常な発現レベル、のうち1つを含む、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記悪性腫瘍がGST-πを過剰発現する、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記RNAi分子が、被験体におけるGST-π及びp21の発現を減少させる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、被験体におけるGST-π及びp21の発現を少なくとも5日間で少なくとも5%減少させる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、被験体における悪性腫瘍の体積を、少なくとも5%、又は少なくとも10%、又は少なくとも20%、又は少なくとも30%、又は少なくとも40%、又は少なくとも50%減少させる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記方法は、悪性腫瘍の1つ以上の症状を軽減するか又は悪性腫瘍の進行を遅延させるか又は停止する、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、上記被験体における悪性腫瘍細胞の増殖を減少させる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、上記被験体における悪性腫瘍細胞の少なくとも2%、又は少なくとも5%、又は少なくとも10%、又は少なくとも15%、又は少なくとも20%の増殖を減少させる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記悪性腫瘍が結腸癌、膵臓癌、腎臓癌、肺癌、乳癌又は線維肉腫である、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記悪性腫瘍が、肺腺癌、粘液腺腫、膵管腺癌、又は結腸直腸癌である、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が1日当たり1〜12回行われる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、1、2、3、4、5、6又は7日間の期間にわたって行われる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、1、2,、3、4、5、6、8、10又は12週間の期間にわたって行われる、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、12週間までの期間、1日当たり少なくとも1回、RNAi分子の0.01〜2mg/kgの用量である、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、GST-πRNAi分子について、平均AUC(0-最終)が1〜1000μg*分/mLであり、平均Cmaxが0.1〜50μg/mLである、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、p21 RNAi分子について、平均AUC(0-最終)が1〜1000μg*分/mLであり、平均Cmaxが0.1〜50μg/mLである、請求項19記載の方法。
- 上記投与が、静脈内注射、皮内注射、皮下注射、筋肉内注射、腹腔内注射、経口、局所、点滴又は吸入である、請求項19記載の方法。
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JP2018537104A (ja) * | 2015-12-13 | 2018-12-20 | 日東電工株式会社 | 高活性及びオフターゲット削減のためのsiRNA構造 |
US10358647B2 (en) | 2015-12-13 | 2019-07-23 | Nitto Denko Corporation | siRNA structures for high activity and reduced off target |
US11390871B2 (en) | 2015-12-13 | 2022-07-19 | Nitto Denko Corporation | SiRNA structures for high activity and reduced off target |
US11926831B2 (en) | 2015-12-13 | 2024-03-12 | Nitto Denko Corporation | SiRNA structures for high activity and reduced off target |
WO2020145350A1 (ja) | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-16 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | 免疫賦活用組成物 |
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