JP2017141296A - 筋障害を相殺するための手段と方法 - Google Patents
筋障害を相殺するための手段と方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
前記個人に(少なくとも部分的に)機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物を前記個人に投与することと、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記個人に投与することと
を含む方法を提供する。
前記細胞内の前記mRNA前駆体を前記エキソンをスキップするためのオリゴヌクレオチドに接触させることと、
前記細胞を、炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物に、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物に接触させることと
を含む前記方法をさらに提供する。
前記個人に(少なくとも部分的に)機能性のジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物を前記個人に投与することと、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記個人に投与することと
を含む方法をさらに提供する。
個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物と、
前記個人において炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は前記個人において筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物と、
薬剤的に許容可能な担体、アジュバント、希釈剤及び/又は賦形剤とを
含む医薬製剤がさらに提供される。適切な担体及びアジュバントの例は当技術分野では既知であり、たとえば、生理食塩水を含む。本発明に従った医薬製剤中で使用される化合物の用量範囲は、厳格なプロトコル必要条件が存在する臨床試験における漸増用量試験に基づいて設計される。
ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体エキソンの別の部分にハイブリダイズしているジストロフィンmRNA前駆体エキソンの領域(閉鎖構造)に相補的である配列と、
前記ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体においてハイブリダイズしていないジストロフィンmRNA前駆体エキソンの領域(開放構造)に相補的である配列と
を含むオリゴヌクレオチド又はその機能性同等物を含む、本発明に従った方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤を提供する。
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物をそれを必要とする個人に投与すること、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記個人に投与することと、続いて、
前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物を前記個人に投与することと
を含む、本発明に従った方法がさらに提供される。
前記ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体のスプライシングから産生されるmRNAへのエキソンの包含を阻害するための化合物を前記細胞に与えることと、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物を前記細胞に与えること、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記細胞に与えることと
を含み、
前記mRNA前駆体のスプライシングから産生されるmRNAを翻訳させることをさらに含む方法が、さらに提供される。一実施形態では、前記方法は、たとえば、細胞培養を使用して、インビトロで実施される。
近年の臨床試験において、アンチセンス化合物PRO051の局所安全性、耐性、及びジストロフィン修復効果を評価した。この臨床試験は近年公開された。この刊行物の内容は、本明細書では例1Aで再現する。簡潔に言うと、PRO051は、配列5’−UCAAGGAAGAUGGCAUUUCU−3’を有する合成修飾RNA分子であり、エキソン51のスキッピングを特異的に誘導するように設計する59。それは完全長2’−O−メチル置換リボース部分及びホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合を有する。エキソン51のスキッピングによって修正可能な異なる特定のDMD遺伝子の欠失を有する4人のDMD患者を含めた。第0日に、一連の安全性パラメータを評価した。患者の脚(すなわち、前頸骨筋)をオーダーメードのプラスチックモールドで固定し、その位置を注意深く記録した。局所麻酔薬(EMLA)を使用して皮膚を麻痺させた。2.5cmの筋電図針(MyoJect Disposable Hypodermic Needle Electrode、TECA Accessories)を使用して、PRO051の4回の注射を、2つの小さな皮膚のタトゥー間の1.5cmの線に沿って与え、筋肉内送達を確実にした。それぞれの注射体積は200μlであり、200μgのPRO051を含有しており、これを約30°の角度で同等の場所に分散させた。第28日に、同じ一連の安全性パラメータを再度評価した。脚は患者の専用モールドを使用して位置を合わせ、2つの先の鋭い顎部分を有するかん子(Blakesley Conchotoma、DK Instruments)を使用して、半開状態の筋生検を局所麻酔下でタトゥー間において得た。生検は液体窒素冷却2−メチルブタン中で瞬間凍結させた。患者は連続的に治療した。試験時に、2人の患者(番号1及び2)はさらにコルチコステロイドで(プレドニゾン又はデフラザコルト)治療中であり、1人の患者はステロイド治療をちょうど止めたところであり(番号4)、且つ1人の患者は決してステロイドを使用しなかった(番号3)(表1参照)。この後者の患者は、他の3人の患者と比較したとき、若い年齢で歩行機能を消失した患者でもあった。RNAレベルでの特異的エキソンスキッピング(RT−PCR分析、示さず)、及びタンパク質レベルでのジストロフィンの新規な発現(免疫蛍光及びウエスタンブロット分析、表1中に要約)を検出するために、生検を分析した。治療前後の一連の安全性パラメータ(腎臓及び肝臓機能に関する通常の血漿及び尿パラメータ、電解質レベル、血球数、ヘモグロビン、aPTT、AP50及びCH50値)の評価は、PRO051化合物は局所で安全であり十分耐性があったことを示した。免疫蛍光分析用に、アセトン固定した生検の横断切片を、中央部桿ドメイン(MANDYS106、Dr.G.Morris、UK、1:60)、C末端ドメイン(NCL−DYS2、Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.、1:30)に対するモノクローナル抗体と共に90分間、又は参照としてラミニン−α2(Chemicon International、Inc、1:150)、次にAlexa Fluor 488ヤギ抗マウスIgG(H+L)(Molecular Probes、Inc、1:250)抗体と共に1時間インキュベートした。Vectashield封入剤(Vector Laboratories Inc.)で切片を封入した。定量的画像解析用に、ImageJソフトウェア(W.Rasband、NIH、USA;http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij)を記載されたように使用した60、61。切片の大きさに応じて、横断切片全体を一連の6〜10の隣接画像に細分化した。信頼できる測定を確実にするため、一定の露出設定を使用し、且つピクセル飽和を避けながら、切片の染色及び全画像の記録は1セッションで実施した。低い強度閾値をデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーのバックグラウンドで設定し、且つそれぞれの横断切片(領域中の割合)に関して、ジストロフィンとラミニン−α2の両方に関して、陽性蛍光を定量化した。生検中の4つの一連の50μm切片組からプールしたホモジェネートを使用して、ウエスタンブロット分析を記載されたように実施した1。患者用に30及び60μgの全タンパク質、対照用にサンプル3μgを施用した。ブロットはジストロフィンモノクローナル抗体NCL−DYS1(Novocastra Laboratories、1:125)と共に一晩、次にヤギ抗マウスIgG−HRP(Santa Cruz Biotechnology、1:10.000)と共に1時間インキュベートした。免疫反応性バンドを、ECL Plusウエスタンブロッティング検出システム(GE Healthcare)及びHyperfilm ECL(Amersham、Biosciences)を使用して可視化した。シグナル強度はImageJを使用して測定した。
Van Deutekom JCら、(2007)アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドPRO051はDMD患者における局所ジストロフィンを修復する。(Antisense Oligonucleotide PRO051 Restores Local Dystrophin in DMD Patients.)N Engl J Med.、357(26):2677〜86ページから再現した。
患者及び試験設計
8歳と16歳の間でありデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーを有していた患者が、この試験に参加するのに適任であった。すべての患者はエキソン51のスキッピングによって修正可能であった欠失を有しており、以前の診断的筋生検上にジストロフィンの痕跡はなかった。併用グルココルチコイド療法が可能であった。文書化したインフォームドコンセントを、必要に応じて患者又は彼らの両親から得た。プレスクリーニング期間(最大60日)中に、それぞれの患者の突然変異状態及びインビトロでのPRO051に対する陽性エキソンスキッピング応答を確認し、前頸骨筋の状態をT1加重磁気共鳴映像法(MRI)によって決定した62。試験中に含めた患者に関して、線維性及び脂肪組織はそれらの標的筋肉のわずか50%を構成し得る。
PRO051は、配列5’−UCAAGGAAGAUGGCAUUUCU−3’を有する合成修飾RNA分子である12。それは完全長2’−O−メチル置換リボース分子及びホスホロチオエートヌクレオチド間結合を有する。
既存の一次筋芽細胞培養を患者4のプレスクリーニングに使用した1。他の3人の患者に関しては、以前に記載されたように、筋原性転写因子(MyoD)の遺伝子を含有するアデノウイルスベクターの感染後に線維芽細胞は筋原細胞に変わった1、64、65。筋管培養物を、ExGen500に関する製造者の説明書に従い(MBI Fermentas)、PRO051(100nM)及びポリエチレンイミン(1マイクログラムのPRO051当たり2μl)でトランスフェクトした。RNAは48時間後に単離した。逆転写酵素ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(RT−PCR)、免疫蛍光、及びウエスタンブロット分析は以前に報告されたように実施した1、12。PCR断片は2100Bioanalyzer(Agilent)の使用によって分析し、Leiden Genome Technology Centerによる塩基配列決定用に単離した。
ベースライン、並びに注射後2時間、1日、及び28日で、すべての患者に(生存兆候の測定を含めた)全身の診察を行い、心電図検査を実施した。さらに、血漿及び尿を得て、古典的(CH50)及び代替(AP50)経路において、腎臓及び肝臓機能、電解質レベル、全血球計算値、活性化部分トロンボプラスチン時間、及び補体活性値を決定した。併用薬の使用を記録した。ベースライン及び28日で、前頸骨筋の強度を医学研究審議会の尺度の使用によって評価して66、手順が筋肉の性能に影響を与えたかどうかを評価した(この尺度では、0のスコアは運動がないことを示し、且つ5のスコアは正常な筋力を示す)。筋肉の小さな領域のみを治療したので、増大した筋力の観点での臨床的利点は予想できなかった。毎回の視察時に、有害事象を記録した。
凍結した筋生検標本の連続切片(50μm)を、RNA−Bee溶液(Campro Scientific)及びMagNA Lyser Green Beads(Roche Diagnostics)中に均質化した。製造者の説明書に従い全RNAを単離及び精製した。相補的DNAに関しては、合成はTranscriptor逆転写酵素(Roche Diagnostics)を用いて、30分間55℃で20μl反応混合物中に500ngのRNA及びヒトエキソン53又は54特異的逆方向プライマーを使用することによって実施した。PCR分析は以前に記載されたように実施した1、12。生成物は2%アガロースゲル上で分析し、塩基配列決定した。さらに、タンパク質切断試験用のプライマーセットを使用することによるRT−PCRを使用して、DMD遺伝子中の特異的で異常なスプライシング事象を迅速にスクリーニングした67。
免疫蛍光分析用に、アセトン固定した切片を、1:60の希釈で中央部桿ドメイン(MANDYS106、Dr.G.Morris、英国)、1:30の希釈でC末端ドメイン(NCL−DYS2、Novocastra Laboratories)に対するモノクローナル抗体と共に、又は1:150の希釈で、ジストロフィン欠損によって影響を受けない基底膜タンパク質、ラミニン−α2(Chemicon International、Inc)(対照として)と共に90分間、次に1:250の希釈でAlexa Fluor 488ヤギ抗マウスIgG(H+L)抗体(Molecular Probes)と共に1時間インキュベートした。Vectashield封入剤(Vector Laboratories)で切片を封入した。定量的画像解析用に、ImageJソフトウェア(W.Rasband、National Institutes of Health.http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij)を以前に記載されたように使用した60、61。切片の大きさに応じて、横断切片全体を一連の6〜10の隣接画像に細分化した。信頼できる測定を確実にするため、一定の露出設定を使用し、且つピクセル飽和を避けながら、切片の染色及び全画像の記録は1セッションで実施した。低い強度閾値をデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーのバックグラウンドで設定し、且つそれぞれの切片(領域中の割合)に関して、ジストロフィンとラミニンα2の両方に関して、陽性蛍光を定量化した。
患者のプレスクリーニング
この試験は4〜6人の患者を含むように計画した。6人の患者に参加を促し、1人に拒否された。残りの5人の患者をプレスクリーニングした。最初に、前頸骨筋の状態をMRIで評価した。4人の患者の筋肉の状態がこの試験に適していると考え(図2A)、ジストロフィンの不在を患者の本来の生検標本において確認した(図2B)。第二に、これらの4人の患者の突然変異状態及びPRO051に対する陽性エキソンスキッピング応答を線維芽細胞培養において確認した。PRO051処理によって、全RT−PCR産物の46%(患者4)〜90%(患者1)を示す、それぞれの患者に関するメッセンジャーRNAの新規な、短い断片が生成した(図2C)。正確なエキソン51スキッピングを塩基配列決定によって確認した(図2D)。他の転写産物領域が変化したのは見られなかった。免疫蛍光分析によって、ジストロフィン陽性筋管の優勢を示し(図2E)、この結果はウエスタンブロット分析(示さず)により確認された。したがって、4人の患者はPRO051処理が適していたと判断した。患者らのベースライン特性は表2中に示す。
すべての患者が1つ又は複数の有害事象を有していた。しかしながら、ただ1人の患者が注射部位での軽度の局所の痛みを報告し、それは試験薬剤と関係がある有害事象であると考えた。他の事象には、筋生検後の軽度〜中程度の痛みがあった。2人の患者が、創縫合に使用した包帯の下で水泡形成があった。注射と生検との間の時間に、2人の患者が数日間のインフルエンザ様症状を報告し、且つ1人の患者は1日軽度の下痢があった。ベースラインで、患者1、2、3、及び4において治療した前頸骨筋の筋強度スコアは、医学研究審議会の尺度で、それぞれ4、2、3、及び4であった。1人の患者も、試験中にこの筋肉の強度の変化、又は補体分解産物若しくは活性化部分トロンボプラスチン時間の標準的な研究室測定値若しくは増大した測定値の有意な変化を示さなかった。患者の筋肉切片中で局所炎症又は毒性反応は検出しなかった(データ示さず)。試験終了後、患者3に予め計画した口内側わん症の手術を首尾よく施した。
第28日で、それぞれの患者における治療部位の生検を実施した。すべての筋肉のRNAは、生検標本中の連続切片から単離した。すべての患者において、塩基配列決定によって確認したように、RT−PCRは、エキソン51スキッピングによって引き起こされた、新規な、短い断片を同定した(図3)。さらなる転写産物の分析は、他の変化を示さなかった(データ示さず)。それぞれの患者の生検標本中の切片の免疫蛍光分析は、大部分の筋繊維における明らかな筋繊維鞘ジストロフィンシグナルを示した(図4A及び4B)。使用した欠失と近位及び遠位のジストロフィン抗体には、MANDYS106(図4A及び4B)及びNCL−DYS2(MANDYS106と同様、示さず)があった。ラミニンα2の染色後それぞれの切片中の線維を手作業で数えた68。生検標本の大きさ及び筋肉の質と一致して、個々の数は変わった。最大切片中で、患者2は726の線維を有し、そのうち620がジストロフィン陽性であり、一方患者3は120の線維を有し、そのうち117がジストロフィン陽性であった(図4A及び4C)。ジストロフィン強度は、健常者筋肉生検標本における強度より典型的には低かった(図4B)。患者2及び3における、より強力なジストロフィンシグナルを有する単線維は十分に復帰突然変異体線維であり得る(図4B)。
本発明者らの試験は、PRO051、エキソン51内の20ヌクレオチド配列と相補的な2OMePSアンチセンスオリゴリボヌクレオチドの局所筋肉内注射は、エキソン51スキッピングを誘導し、リーディングフレームを修正し、したがって治療を施したデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーを有する4人の患者すべてにおいて筋肉中にジストロフィンを導入したことを示した。ジストロフィン陽性線維は患者の生検標本全体で見られ、注射領域中の化合物の分散を示した。送達増強賦形剤は使用しなかったので、PRO051の取込みは主な考えられる制限要因ではなかったようである。本発明者らは、ジストロフィー性線維膜の増大した透過性に好ましい影響があったことを無視することはできない。全タンパク質のウエスタンブロット分析で示したように、患者は健常対照筋肉中で3〜12%のレベルであったレベルのジストロフィンを生成した。線維症及び脂肪の存在は全タンパク質抽出物中のジストロフィンについて幾らかの過小評価をもたらす可能性があるので、本発明者らは、横断切片中のジストロフィンとラミニンα2との比を決定し、それは対照筋肉中の100と比較して17〜35の範囲であった。PRO051のジストロフィン修復効果は治療部位に限られ、筋肉全体の強度改善は観察しなかった。今後の全身治療は、ジストロフィン発現を高レベルで増大及び維持するため、並びに臨床的有効性を得るために反復投与を必要とするはずである。
mdxマウス(DMDの動物モデル)における前臨床試験において、AON誘導型エキソンスキッピングに対する補助化合物プレドニゾンの影響を評価した。Mdxマウス(C57Bl/10ScSn−mdx/J)はCharles River Laboratories(オランダ)から得た。エキソン23におけるナンセンス突然変異のため、これらのマウスはジストロフィン欠損性である。AON誘導型エキソン23スキッピングは、ナンセンス突然変異を除去すること及びオープンリーディングフレームを修正することによって、mdxマウスにおいて治療的である。一群当たり2匹のmdxマウスに、群1)生理食塩(第1〜8週)、群2)プレドニゾロン(1mg/kg、第1〜8週)、群3)エキソン23スキッピングを特異的に誘導するように設計したマウス特異的アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドPS49(100mg/kg、第4週(5回)、第5〜8週(2回)、群4)プレドニゾロン(1mg/kg、第1〜8週)+PS49(100mg/kg、第4週(5回)、第5〜8週(2回)を皮下注射した。PS49(5’GGCCAAACCUCGGCUUACCU3’)は、完全長ホスホロチオエート骨格及び2’−O−メチル修飾リボース分子を有する。
A.,B.健常対照個体由来の分化した筋肉細胞培養物(筋管)を、トランスフェクション試薬ポリマーUNIFectylinを使用して(AON1μg当たり2,0μlのUNIFectylin、0,15MのNaCl)、0〜0.5mg/mlのペントキシフィリンの存在下で、250nMのPS188([5’UCAGCUUCUGUUAGCCACUG3’;配列番号10]エキソン44)を特異的にスキップするように最適化したAON、又は250nMのPS221([5’AUUCAAUGUUCUGACAACAGUUUGC3’;配列番号60]エキソン45)を特異的にスキップするように最適化したAONでトランスフェクトした。核酸が負に帯電しているという条件で(2’−O−メチルホスホロチオエートAONなど)、UNIFectylinは核酸と静電気的に相互作用する。ペントキシフィリン(Sigma Aldrich)は水に溶かした。製造者の説明書に従い、RNA−Bee溶液(Campro Scientific、オランダ)中でのトランスフェクション後24時間で全RNAを単離した。逆転写酵素(Roche Diagnostics、オランダ)を用いたcDNA合成用に、30分間55℃で20μl反応混合物において500ngのRNAを使用し、DMD遺伝子特異的プライマーで逆方向にプライマー処理した。最初のPCRは、アウタープライマーセットを用いて94℃(40秒)、60℃(40秒)、及び72℃(60秒)の20サイクルで実施した。次いで1μlのこの反応混合物(1:10に希釈)を、94℃(40秒)、60℃(40秒)、及び72℃(60秒)の30サイクルで、エキソン44又は45と直接隣接するエキソンにおけるネストプライマーの組合せを使用して再増幅した。PCR産物は2%アガロースゲル上で分析した。スキッピング効率は、DNA1000LabChip(登録商標)キット及びAgilent2100バイオアナライザー(Agilent Technologies、オランダ)を使用して、PCR産物の定量化によって決定した。
mdxマウス(DMDの動物モデル)における前臨床試験において、AON誘導型エキソンスキッピングに対する補助化合物ペントキシフィリンの影響を評価した。Mdxマウス(C57Bl/10ScSn−mdx/J)はCharles River Laboratories(オランダ)から得た。エキソン23におけるナンセンス突然変異のため、これらのマウスはジストロフィン欠損性である。AON誘導型エキソン23スキッピングは、ナンセンス突然変異を除去すること及びオープンリーディングフレームを修正することによって、mdxマウスにおいて治療的である。一群当たり2匹のmdxマウスに、群1)ペントキシフィリン(50mg/kg、第1〜2週)、群2)エキソン23スキッピングを特異的に誘導するように設計したマウス特異的アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチドPS49(100mg/kg、第2週(2回)、群3)ペントキシフィリン(50mg/kg、第1〜2週)+PS49(100mg/kg、第2週(2回)を皮下注射した。PS49(5’GGCCAAACCUCGGCUUACCU3’)は、完全長ホスホロチオエート骨格及び2’−O−メチル修飾リボース分子を有する。
Claims (15)
- 個人においてデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィー又はベッカー型筋ジストロフィーの1つ又は複数の症状を軽減するための方法であって、
前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物を前記個人に投与することと、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記個人に投与することと
を含む方法。 - 薬物としての使用のための、個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物と、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は
筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物
のうちの少なくとも1つとの組合せ。 - 個人においてデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィー又はベッカー型筋ジストロフィーの1つ又は複数の症状を軽減するための薬物の調製のための、前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物と、炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物とのうちの少なくとも1つの使用。
- 個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための化合物と、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物と、
薬剤的に許容可能な担体、アジュバンド、希釈剤及び/又は賦形剤と
を含む医薬製剤。 - 前記補助化合物が、ステロイド、好ましくは、(グルコ)コルチコステロイド、ACE阻害剤(好ましくは、ペリンドプリル)、アンジオテンシン1型受容体遮断剤Losartan、腫瘍壊死因子アルファ(TNFα)阻害剤、mIGF−1の供給源、抗酸化剤、イオンチャネル阻害剤、プロテアーゼ阻害剤、L−アルギニン並びに/或いはエキソンスキッピングを増強し且つ/又はスプライソソーム構築及び/若しくはスプライシングを阻害するための化合物を含む、請求項1から4までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、前記個人において異常なジストロフィンタンパク質の産生を少なくとも部分的に減少させるためのオリゴヌクレオチド、又はその機能性同等物を含む、請求項1から5までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体のエキソンの、前記mRNA前駆体のスプライシングから産生されるmRNAへの包含を阻害するためのオリゴヌクレオチド、又はその機能性同等物を含み、好ましくは、ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体から産生される前記エキソンの、mRNAからの欠失が機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質のコード領域を作製する、請求項1から6までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体エキソンの少なくとも一部分、又はジストロフィンmRNA前駆体の非エキソン領域の少なくとも一部分であって、少なくとも13ヌクレオチドを有する前記一部分に相補的である配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチド、又はその機能性同等物を含む、請求項1から7までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、終止コドンを抑制するための化合物を含み、好ましくは、この化合物がゲンタマイシン、PTC124又はその機能性同等物を含む、請求項1から8までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、転写物中のジストロフィンエキソンの正確なスプライシングに必要な調節RNA配列に特異的に結合するためのオリゴヌクレオチド又はその機能性同等物を含み、好ましくは、前記オリゴヌクレオチド又はその機能性同等物がイントロンスプライシングエンハンサー(ISE)、エキソンスプライシングエンハンサー(ESE)、イントロンスプライシングサイレンサー(ISS)、及び/又はエキソンスプライシングサイレンサー(ESS)に相補的である、請求項1から9までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記化合物が、ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体のエキソンのRNAの13と50ヌクレオチドの間の、好ましくは、14と25ヌクレオチドの間の連続する部分に相補的である配列を含むオリゴヌクレオチド又はその機能性同等物を含む、請求項1から10までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記オリゴヌクレオチドがRNAを含み、好ましくは、前記RNAが修飾物、好ましくは、2’−O−メチル修飾リボース(RNA)若しくはデオキシリボース(DNA)修飾物を含有しており、又は前記オリゴヌクレオチドの前記機能性同等物が、ペプチド核酸、ロックド核酸、モルフォリノホスホロジアミダート、若しくはその任意の組合せ、最も好ましくは、モルフォリノホスホロジアミダートを含む、請求項6から11までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記エキソンがエキソン51、44、45、53、46、43、2、8、50及び/又は52を含む、請求項7から12までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 前記個人に機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質を与えるための前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体中の少なくとも2つのエキソンに相補的であり、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが、第1の部分が前記少なくとも2つのエキソンの第1に相補的である少なくとも8、好ましくは16から80の間の連続するヌクレオチドを有するオリゴヌクレオチドを含み、第2の部分が前記ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体中の第2のエキソンに相補的である少なくとも8、好ましくは16から80の間の連続するヌクレオチドを有するオリゴヌクレオチドを含む少なくとも2つの部分を含み、好ましくは前記第1及び第2のエキソンが、前記ジストロフィンmRNA前駆体中で、前記オリゴヌクレオチドが相補的ではない少なくとも1つのエキソンにより分離されている、請求項7から13までのいずれか一項に記載の方法、組合せ、使用又は医薬製剤。
- 異常なジストロフィンタンパク質をコードするジストロフィン遺伝子のmRNA前駆体を含む細胞内で機能性ジストロフィンタンパク質の産生を少なくとも部分的に増加させるための方法であって、
前記ジストロフィン遺伝子のmRNA前駆体のスプライシングから産生されるmRNAへのエキソンの包含を阻害するための化合物を前記細胞に与えることと、
炎症を抑えるための、好ましくは、筋組織炎症を抑えるための補助化合物を前記細胞に与えること、並びに/又は筋線維機能、完全性及び/若しくは生存を改善するための補助化合物を前記細胞に与えることと
を含み、
前記mRNA前駆体のスプライシングから産生されるmRNAを翻訳させることをさらに含む方法。
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