JP2011510456A - バッテリー用のポリマー電解質 - Google Patents
バッテリー用のポリマー電解質 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2011510456A JP2011510456A JP2010543297A JP2010543297A JP2011510456A JP 2011510456 A JP2011510456 A JP 2011510456A JP 2010543297 A JP2010543297 A JP 2010543297A JP 2010543297 A JP2010543297 A JP 2010543297A JP 2011510456 A JP2011510456 A JP 2011510456A
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- polymer
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- electrolyte
- phase
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- -1 borate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000359 diblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1 AVFZOVWCLRSYKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical class B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005605 branched copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000196 poly(lauryl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-butyl-3-methylimidazol-3-ium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F INDFXCHYORWHLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- LDLDYFCCDKENPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclohexane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCCC1 LDLDYFCCDKENPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011829 room temperature ionic liquid solvent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 83
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 19
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- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 17
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C1C(C=CS2)=C2CCN1 CSDQQAQKBAQLLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;butane Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC[CH2-].CCC[CH2-] KJJBSBKRXUVBMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWGIJJRGSGDBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloromethylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C(Cl)Cl UWGIJJRGSGDBFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 IQQRAVYLUAZUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013398 LiN(SO2CF2CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001274216 Naso Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021550 Vanadium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001423 beryllium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L fluoridophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(F)=O DWYMPOCYEZONEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRFGYPCGVWVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;dihydrogen borate;oxalic acid Chemical compound [Li+].OB(O)[O-].OC(=O)C(O)=O SRFGYPCGVWVBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJJSYKQZFFGIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;potassium Chemical compound [K].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 IJJSYKQZFFGIEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachlorovanadium Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[V+5] RPESBQCJGHJMTK-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010094 polymer processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [K+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F KVFIZLDWRFTUEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Na+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F YLKTWKVVQDCJFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008648 triflates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2008年1月16日に出願された米国仮出願番号61/021,613に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
本発明は、一般的には電解質材料に関し、より具体的には高伝導度及び高機械強度の両方を有し、処理が容易且つ可能なゲルポリマー電解質に関する。
電気化学電池用の電解質材料との関連で、好ましい実施態様を説明する。しかしながら、当業者であれば、本明細書に開示された材料及び方法は、高イオン伝導性が望まれる多くの他の背景、特に機械的強度が重要である多くの他の状況における用途を有していると容易に理解するであろう。
Claims (39)
- イオン伝導性ポリマーゲル相を有する第一ドメイン及び前記第一ドメインに隣接する第二ドメインを有するナノ構造電解質材料であって、
前記第一ドメインは前記電解質材料の伝導部位を形成しており;
前記第二ドメインは硬質ポリマー相を有し、前記硬質ポリマー相は90℃で106Paよりも大きい体積弾性率を有し、前記第二ドメインは前記電解質材料の構造部位を形成し;
前記電解質材料は、非フッ素化材料であって、25℃で1×10-4Scm-1以上のイオン伝導度を有する、ナノ構造電解質材料。 - 前記ナノ構造ポリマー電解質が架橋を有さないことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記イオン伝導性ポリマーゲル相が液体電解質を有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記硬質ポリマー相が、ホモポリマー状態において、前記液体電解質の存在下で5%未満膨潤する、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記液体電解質が電解質塩を有する、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記塩がリチウム塩を含む、請求項5に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記液体電解質が、置換エーテル、置換アミン、置換アミド、置換ホスファゼン、置換PEG、アルキルカーボナート、ニトリル、ボラン、及びラクトンなどの極性添加剤からなる群から選択される溶媒を含む、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記溶媒が5000ダルトン以下の分子量を有する、請求項7に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記溶媒が1000ダルトン以下の分子量を有する、請求項7に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記溶媒が、N−ブチル−N31メチルピロリジニウム・ビス(3−トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド[PYR14+TFSI−]又は1−ブチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウム・ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド[BMITFSI]などの、室温イオン性液体を含む、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記溶媒が、ポリエチレングリコールボラートエステル又はポリエチレングリコールアルミナートエステルなどのルイス酸を含む、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記溶媒が、エチレンカーボナート又はプロピレンカーボナートなどの高誘電性有機可塑剤を含む、請求項3に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記硬質ポリマー相が、25℃で1×106Paよりも大きい体積弾性率を有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記電解質材料が、25℃で1×10-3Scm-1以上のイオン伝導度を有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記ナノ構造ゲルポリマー電解質が複数のブロックコポリマーを有し、前記第一ドメインが複数の第一ポリマーブロックを有し、前記第二ドメインが複数の第二ポリマーブロックを有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記ブロックコポリマーが直鎖状のコポリマーを有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記ブロックコポリマーが分岐鎖状のコポリマーを有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記ブロックコポリマーがジブロックコポリマーを有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記ブロックコポリマーがトリブロックコポリマーを有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第一ポリマーブロックが、ポリエステル、直鎖状のコポリマー、ポリアミン、ポリエチレンオキシド、直鎖状のポリエーテル、直鎖状のポリアクロニトリル(acronitrile)、直鎖状のポリビニルアルコール及び直鎖状のポリアクリレートからなる群から選択される1以上のポリマーを含む、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第一ポリマーブロックが、ポリシロキサン、ポリホスファゼン、ポリエーテル、ポリエチレン及びポリアクリレートからなる群から選択される低いガラス転移点の骨格を有し、且つPEG−ジメチルエーテル、PEG−EC及びPEG−CNなどの置換ポリエチレングリコールからなる群から選択されるペンダントを有する、1又はくし状ポリマーを有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第二ポリマーブロックが、スチレン、メタクリレート、ビニルピリジン、ビニルシクロヘキサン、イミド、アミド、プロピレン及びこれらのコポリマーからなる群から選択される1以上の成分を有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第二ポリマーブロックがポリスチレンを有する、請求項22に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第二ポリマーブロックが、各々50000ダルトン以上の分子量を有する、請求項15に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第一相及び前記第二相が層状構造で配列される、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記電解質材料が100℃に60分間加熱された後に、第一ドメイン中の溶媒の20%未満が蒸発する、請求項7に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記電解質材料が100℃に60分間加熱された後に、第一ドメイン中の溶媒の10%未満が蒸発する、請求項26に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第一相が、Al2O3粒子、TiO2粒子及びSiO2粒子からなる群から選択される複数のセラミック粒子を更に含む、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記複数のセラミック粒子が、各々5ナノメートル以下の最小寸法を有する、請求項28に記載の電解質材料。
- 第三相を含む第三ドメインを更に有し、当該第三相が複数の第三ポリマーブロックを有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第三ドメインが、ポリジメチルシロキサンなどのポリシロキサン、ポリ(2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート)、ポリデシルメタクリレート若しくはポリラウリルメタクリレートなどのポリアクリレート、又はポリイソプレン若しくはポリブタジエンなどのポリジエンから作られるゴム状ポリマーからなる群から選択される1以上のポリマーを含む、請求項30に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第三ドメインが、前記第一ドメイン又は第二ドメインのいずれかよりも体積が小さい、請求項30に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第三ドメインが、前記材料中で約10%〜30%の体積を占める、請求項30に記載の電解質材料。
- 前記第一ドメインが約10nm〜100nmの最小寸法を有し、前記第二ドメインが約10nm〜100nmの最小寸法を有する、請求項1に記載の電解質材料。
- 陽極;
陰極;及び
請求項1に記載のナノ構造ゲルポリマー電解質、を有するバッテリー電池であって、
前記ナノ構造ゲルポリマー電解質は、前記陽極と前記陰極の間におけるイオン伝達を提供するために配置されることを特徴とする、バッテリー電池。 - 前記第一相がポリエチレンオキシドを含む、請求項35に記載のバッテリー電池。
- 前記第二相がポリスチレンを含む、請求項35に記載のバッテリー電池。
- 第三相を含む第三ドメインを更に有する、請求項35に記載のバッテリー電池。
- 前記第三相がポリイソプレンを含む、請求項38に記載のバッテリー電池。
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PCT/US2009/031356 WO2009092058A1 (en) | 2008-01-16 | 2009-01-16 | Gel polymer electrolytes for batteries |
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JP5694780B2 (ja) | 2015-04-01 |
CN101939869B (zh) | 2015-09-23 |
EP2240975A1 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
EP2240975B1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
EP2240975A4 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
WO2009092058A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
US8889301B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
US20110206994A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
CN101939869A (zh) | 2011-01-05 |
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