JP2006516795A - 電極活物質スラリー製造時の分散剤組成及びその利用 - Google Patents
電極活物質スラリー製造時の分散剤組成及びその利用 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/60—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of organic compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
a)リチウムイオンを吸藏、脱離可能な炭素系負極活物質
b)導電剤
c)スチレンーブタジエン系高分子樹脂を含む結着剤
d)セルロース系又はアクリルレート系樹脂を含む増粘剤
e)表面吸着可能な高分子主鎖と非イオン性界面活性剤の特性を有する側鎖を含む分散剤
f)水
を含むリチウム2次電池用負極活物質スラリー及び上記負極活物質スラリーで製造された負極を含むリチウム2次電池を提供する。
以下、この発明を詳細に説明する。
アルキル及びアルキルアリルポリオキシエチレンエーテル、アルキルアリルフォルムアルデヒド縮合ポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンを親油性基とするブロックポリマー
〈エステルエーテル型〉
グリセリンエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ソルビタンエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ソルビトールエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル
〈エステル型〉
ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、グリセリンエステル、ソルビタンエステル、プロピレングリコールエステル、シュガーエステル
〈アミド型〉
脂肪酸アルカノールアミド、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸アミド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、アミンオキサイド
その他、非イオン性界面活性剤の特性を有する側鎖で使用可能な物質としてはアルコールエトキシレート、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PEO系)、アルキルフェノールエトキシレート、脂肪アミンエトキシレート、アミンオキサイド、グルコサイド、エチレンオキサイドープロピレンオキサイド重合体、アルカノールアミドなどがある[R. Grant & C. Grant,Chemical Dictionary,McGraw Hill Book Company,1987 参照]
上記高分子主鎖に上記側鎖を連結する方法の一例で通常的なグラフト重合法を使用することができる。
(ここで、MはNi,Co又はMnであり、xは0.05≦x≦1.10である。)
正極活物質スラリーは正極活物質間に決着力を提供するバインダーとしてPVDF(ポリフッ化ビニリデン)、NBR(アクリロニトリルブタジエンゴム)、SBR(スチレンブタジエンゴム)などを使用することができ、導電性を向上させる目的でアセチレンブラック、黒鉛のような導電剤を使用することができ、NMP、アセトン、DMA、DMFのような有機及び水のような無機溶媒を使用することができる。
まず、電極活物質スラリー溶液の増粘剤で使用されるCMC粉末(0.26g;約1重量%)を50℃ 12.5gの蒸留水に溶解させ、CMC溶液を用意した。次に、電極活物質で使用される黒鉛粉末25g(約97重量%)をすり鉢に入れ、予め溶解させておいたCMC溶液を少しずつすり鉢に注ぎ、乳棒を用いて約10分間攪拌した。攪拌後、結着剤で使用されるSBR溶液0.51g(約1.9重量%)を再度すり鉢に入れて、更に5分間攪拌した。終わりに、分散剤で使用されるPEO−PMMA共重合体高分子(ユニケマ製、Hypermer)0.026g(約0.1重量%)を入れて攪拌しながら、蒸留水43.5gをさらに少しずつ入れながら攪拌したあと、電極活物質スラリーの固形分を43重量%に合わせた。
用意しておいた電極活物質スラリーをThermo Hakke RSI粘度計を用いて30℃でせん断速度0.1乃至1000(1/s)範囲で粘度変化を測定し、図3で示した。
分散剤を入れていないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして電極スラリーを製造した。30℃で同じせん断速度範囲で粘度を測定し、図4に示した。
実施例1の粘度グラフ(図3)の場合、せん断速度を増加させることにより、殆ど同一な傾きで粘度が減少する形態をとっており、また、せん断速度を増加させる時にも、せん断速度を減少させる時と殆ど同一な粘度プロフィールを示し、電極スラリーの同じせん断速度における粘度変化がないことを示す。
しかし、分散剤を入れていない比較例1の負極活物質スラリーの場合(図4)、せん断速度の増加にともない粘度はせん断速度10(1/s)で最高点をしめしてから、却って更に減少する形態を示し、せん断速度を減少させる場合には、せん断速度を増加させる時と異なる粘度プロフィールを示す履歴現象(hysteresis)を表わし、電極スラリーの分散状態がよくないことが分かる。また、上記比較例1のスラリーを用いて負極ホイルにコーティングする場合、分散不良による塊の丸め現象及びコーティングスラリーの沈降現象によりコーティングが不可能になる程度でスラリーの物性が劣等であった。
増粘剤で使用されるCMCを1重量%から3重量%に、2重量%増加させ、分散剤で使用されるPEO−PMMA共重合体高分子を添加しないこと以外は、実施例1と同様な方法で製造し、粘度を測定し、図5に示した。
分散添加剤を使用せずにCMC添加量を1重量%から3重量%に増やした結果、実施例1と類似した粘度プロフィルを示すことから、分散状態が良好であることがわかる。
上記実施例1、比較例2の各方法で製造された負極スラリーを銅ホイルに塗布し、コーティングして負極を製造した。正極活物質としてLiCoO2を、分離膜としてPE/PP/PEを、電解液としてLiPF6が溶解されたEC/PC/DECを使用して缶状のリチウム2次電池を製造した。充電放電速度別容量実験を行った。結果を図6に示した。
図6に示されているとおり、上記比較例2により製造された負極スラリーの場合、実施例1に比して増粘剤で使用されるCMCの負極構成成分の重量比が増加(結果として、負極活物質の重量比が減少)し、リチウム2次電池の理論容量が減少されることがわかる。
Claims (7)
- a)リチウムイオンを吸藏、脱離可能な炭素系負極活物質
b)導電剤
c)スチレンーブタジエン系高分子樹脂を含む結着剤
d)セルロース系又はアクリレート系樹脂を含む増粘剤
e)表面吸着可能な高分子主鎖と非イオン性界面活性剤の特性を有する側鎖を含む分散剤
f)水
を含むリチウム2次電池用負極活物質スラリー。 - 上記分散剤の含量は、負極活物質スラリー(固形分)の総重量に対して0.01重量%乃至10重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極活物質スラリー。
- 上記分散剤の中、高分子主鎖は、ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA)又はポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極活物質スラリー。
- 上記分散剤の中、非イオン性界面活性剤の特性を有する側鎖は、アルキル及びアルキルアリルポリオキシエチレンエーテル、アルキルアリルフォルムアルデヒド縮合ポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ポリオキシプロピレンを親油性基とするブロックポリマー、グリセリンエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ソルビタンエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ソルビトールエステルのポリオキシエチレンエーテル、ポリエチレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、グリセリンエステル、ソルビタンエステル、プロピレングリコールエステル、シュガーエステル、脂肪酸アルカノールアミド、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸アミド、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、アミンオキサイド、アルコールエトキシレート、ポリエチレンオキサイド(PED系)、アルキルフェノールエトキシレート、脂肪アミンエトキシレート、グルコサイド、エチレンオキサイドープロピレンオキサイド重合体、アルカノールアミドからなる群から少なくとも1種以上選ばれたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極活物質スラリー。
- 上記分散剤はポリメチルメタクリレートとポリエチレンオキサイドの共重合体であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極活物質スラリー。
- 分散剤の重量平均分子量は10,000乃至30,000であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の負極活物質スラリー。
- 請求項1から6の何れかに記載の負極活物質スラリーで製造された負極を含むリチウム2次電池。
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- 2004-04-02 JP JP2005518460A patent/JP4468306B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-02 US US10/551,946 patent/US7862929B2/en active Active
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JP2006302617A (ja) * | 2005-04-19 | 2006-11-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 二次電池用電極の製造方法 |
WO2008108360A1 (ja) | 2007-03-05 | 2008-09-12 | Toyo Ink Mfg. Co., Ltd. | 電池用組成物 |
JP2008243470A (ja) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | 処理済活物質とその処理方法及び処理済活物質を含むペースト |
WO2009147765A1 (ja) | 2008-06-04 | 2009-12-10 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | 電池用組成物 |
WO2010013786A1 (ja) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-04 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | リチウム二次電池用正極合剤ペースト |
JP2010033957A (ja) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-12 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | リチウム二次電池用正極合剤ペースト |
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US8435425B2 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2013-05-07 | Lion Corporation | Polar dispersion composition of carbon black |
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WO2012173072A1 (ja) | 2011-06-15 | 2012-12-20 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 二次電池電極形成用組成物、二次電池電極、及び二次電池 |
KR20140032479A (ko) | 2011-06-15 | 2014-03-14 | 토요잉크Sc홀딩스주식회사 | 이차전지 전극 형성용 조성물, 이차전지 전극 및 이차전지 |
WO2013124950A1 (ja) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-08-29 | 日立ビークルエナジー株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池 |
JP2013182822A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-09-12 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 二次電池用電極合剤、その製造方法、二次電池用電極、および二次電池。 |
JP2014207141A (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2014-10-30 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 蓄電装置用電極スラリー |
KR101666411B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-10-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 분산성이 우수한 분산제를 포함하는 이차전지용 양극 슬러리 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
KR20150025665A (ko) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-03-11 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 분산성이 우수한 분산제를 포함하는 이차전지용 양극 슬러리 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
JP2015135773A (ja) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-07-27 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 二次電池電極形成用組成物、二次電池用電極および二次電池 |
JP2015141773A (ja) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-08-03 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 二次電池用負極の製造方法 |
JP2016146270A (ja) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-08-12 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 二次電池およびその製造方法 |
WO2018061622A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 非水系二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、非水系二次電池用正極および非水系二次電池 |
JPWO2018061622A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-27 | 2019-07-04 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 非水系二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、非水系二次電池用正極および非水系二次電池 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1611628A1 (en) | 2006-01-04 |
US7862929B2 (en) | 2011-01-04 |
KR20040087656A (ko) | 2004-10-15 |
US20060257738A1 (en) | 2006-11-16 |
EP1611628B1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
CN1768439A (zh) | 2006-05-03 |
EP1611628A4 (en) | 2009-07-01 |
KR100508570B1 (ko) | 2005-08-17 |
WO2004091017A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
JP4468306B2 (ja) | 2010-05-26 |
CN100409470C (zh) | 2008-08-06 |
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