JP2004006253A - 多色led照明装置 - Google Patents
多色led照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004006253A JP2004006253A JP2003028908A JP2003028908A JP2004006253A JP 2004006253 A JP2004006253 A JP 2004006253A JP 2003028908 A JP2003028908 A JP 2003028908A JP 2003028908 A JP2003028908 A JP 2003028908A JP 2004006253 A JP2004006253 A JP 2004006253A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0616—Skin treatment other than tanning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0618—Psychological treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
- F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
- F21S4/28—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports rigid, e.g. LED bars
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
- G09G3/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
- G09G3/14—Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/395—Linear regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
- H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
- H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/155—Coordinated control of two or more light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
- A61N2005/0651—Diodes
- A61N2005/0652—Arrays of diodes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/0004—Personal or domestic articles
- F21V33/004—Sanitary equipment, e.g. mirrors, showers, toilet seats or paper dispensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/02—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
- F21W2111/027—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like for indicating kerbs, steps or stairs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/08—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for handles or handrails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/06—Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
- G09G2310/0272—Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers communicating data to the pixels by means of a current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
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Abstract
【解決手段】照明組立体のための電流制御器が開示されている。その照明組立体はLED照明組立体であり得る。その電流制御器は、パルス幅変調された(「PWM」)電流制御器、又は他の形式の電流制御器であり得て、そこにおいて各電流制御されたユニットは、独特にアドレス指定可能でありかつコンピュータ照明ネットワーク上の照明色情報を受け取ることができる。1つの実施形態において、照明ユニット(ノード)の2進木ネットワーク構成を含む。別の実施形態において、照明組立体を収容するため、熱伝導性材料から作られた熱放散ハウジングを備える。熱放散ハウジングは、それぞれ電力モジュール及び光モジュールを保持する2つの積み重ねられた回路ボードを含む。光モジュールは、他の光モジュールと都合良く交換されるように適合されている。
【選択図】 図2
Description
関連出願に対する相互参照
本出願は、1997年8月26日付けで出願された米国特許出願No.08/920,156に基づいている。優先権がその米国特許出願に請求され、その米国特許出願の全体開示が本明細書に参照により組み入れられている。
【0002】
発明の背景
本発明は、LEDのような光源を用いて選択可能な色の光を提供することに関する。詳細には、本発明は、多色照明を提供する方法及び装置に関する。更に詳細には、本発明は、高性能で迅速な色選択及び変更が可能なコンピュータ制御された多色照明ネットワークを提供する装置に関する。
【0003】
1つの色の投射された光を別の色の投射された光と組み合わせると結果として第3の色を生成することが周知である。最も通常に用いられる3原色、即ち赤、青及び緑を種々の割合で組み合わせて、可視スペクトルの中の殆ど任意の色を発生することができることも周知である。本発明は、異なる原色の少なくとも2つの発光ダイオード(LED)から投射された光を組み合わせることによりこれらの効果を利用する。本発明の目的のため、用語「原色」は、他の色を生成するため組み合わせられることができる任意の異なる色を包含することを理解すべきである。
【0004】
コンピュータ照明ネットワークは新規ではない。Pharesに対して発行された米国特許No.5,420,482は、選択可能な色を発生するため異なる色のLEDを用いる1つのそのようなネットワークを記載する。Pharesは、ディスプレイ装置としての使用の最初である。しかしながら、その装置は、幾つかの欠点と制限を有する。第1に、Pharesにおける3つの色LEDの各々は、トランジスタのベースが各ラッチ・レジスタにバイアス抵抗を介して結合されるトランジスタ・バイアス化スキームにより給電されている。3つのラッチは、全て同時にデータ・バス上の同じデータ線に接続されている。これは、Pharesにおいては、3つのLEDのトランジスタのバイアスの全部を独立にかつ同時に変えることが不可能であることを意味する。また、LEDに供給される電力がバイアスを与えるネットワークで放散される電力より小さいので、トランジスタのバイアス化は非効率である。これは、デバイスが効率的な照明用途に適したものにするのを不十分にさせる。Pharesにより用いられたトランジスタ・バイアス化はまた、異なる電力定格を従って異なる強度レベルを有するグループのLEDを交換することを、不可能ではないが、困難にさせる。
【0005】
Havelに対して発行された米国特許No.4,845,481は、多色表示装置を指向している。Havelは、Pharesと関連したスイッチングの問題の一部に取り組んでいるがその全部ではない。Havelは、電流を各LEDに特定のデューティ・サイクルで与えるためパルス幅変調された信号を用いている。しかしながら、放射された色に関する正確で迅速な制御の用意はない。スタンドアローン型ユニットに関して、Havelにおける装置は、ネットワーク照明から離れるよう提案し、従って、パルス幅変調されたコンピュータ照明ネットワークを実行する仕方に関するいずれの教示に欠けている。更に、Havelは、照明用のような単なる表示を越えたLEDの使用を正しく認識していない。
【0006】
Brownに対して発行された米国特許No.5,184,114は、LEDディスプレイ・システムを示す。しかし、Brownは、LEDを照明用に使用するための、又はLEDを、構成可能なコンピュータ・ネットワーク環境において使用するためのいずれの提案も欠けている。Smith他に対して発行された米国特許No.5,134,387は、LEDマトリックス・ディスプレイを指向していて、類似の問題を含む。その基本的な電流制御スキームは、表示できる色の有り得る範囲を著しく制限する。
【0007】
高性能のコンピュータ制御された多色照明ネットワークが本明細書に開示され、そのネットワークはLED照明ネットワークを含み得る。
線形チェインのノード及び2進木構成の双方を可能にするLED照明ネットワーク構造が本明細書に開示されている。
【0008】
照明ネットワークの照明ユニットを含むための熱放散ハウジングが本明細書に開示されている。
各々がそれ自身の最大電流定格を有しかつ各々が互いに都合良く交換可能である照明モジュールを含む、電流調整されたLED照明装置が、本明細書に開示されている。
【0009】
連続的にプログラム可能な24ビット・スペクトルの中の複数の色を放射することができる汎用照明装置として使用するためのコンピュータ制御されたLED照明組立体が本明細書に開示されている。
【0010】
全部が本発明の汎用コンピュータ電流制御原理を利用する懐中電灯、傾斜計、温度計、一般的環境インディケータ及び白熱電球が本明細書に開示されている。
本発明の他の局面は以下の詳細な記載から明らかであろう。
【0011】
発明の概要
簡単には、照明組立体のための電流制御装置が本明細書に開示されており、その照明組立体はLED照明組立体であり得て、またその電流制御装置は、パルス幅変調された(「PWM」)電流制御装置又は他の形式の電流制御装置であり得て、そこにおいて電流制御されたユニットの各々は、独特にアドレス指定可能であり、かつコンピュータ照明ネットワーク上の照明色情報を受け取ることができる。更に実施形態において、本発明は、照明ユニット(ノード)の2進木ネットワーク構成を含む。別の実施形態において、本発明は、照明組立体を収容するため、熱伝導性材料から作られた熱放散ハウジングを備える。熱放散ハウジングは、それぞれ電力モジュール及び光モジュールを保持する2つの積み重ねられた回路ボードを含む。光モジュールは、プログラム可能な電流を従って最大光強度定格を有する他の光モジュールと都合良く交換されるよう適合されている。そのような他の光モジュールは、通常のLEDに加えて、有機LED、エレクトロ−ルミネセンス・ストリップ及び他のモジュールを含み得る。本発明の他の実施形態は、本明細書に記載される一般的原理のための新規な適用を含む。
【0012】
詳細な説明
好適な実施形態の構造及び動作がここで説明されるであろう。本発明を実施する多くの他の方法が使用可能であり、本明細書に記載される実施形態は例示であり限定ではないことを理解すべきである。図1を参照すると、本発明の光モジュール100の電気的概略図が示されている。図4及び図5は、光モジュール100のLEDを含む側及び電気的コネクタ側を示す。光モジュール100は、自蔵型であり、いずれの類似に構成された光モジュールと交換可能な標準品目であるよう構成されている。光モジュール100は、汎用タイプの10ピンの電気的コネクタ110を含む。この実施形態において、コネクタ110は、以下で説明されるように、相補の10ピン・コネクタのメス組立体に嵌合するよう適合されたオスのピンを含む。DC電位源は、光モジュール100のピン180上に入る。ピン180は、一定の高電位を各陽極端部上に確立するため発光ダイオード(LED)のセット120、140及び160の陽極端部に電気的に接続されている。
【0013】
LEDセット120は赤のLEDを含み、LEDセット140は青のLEDを含み、LEDセット160は緑のLEDを含み、各々Nichia America Corporationから入手可能である。これらのLEDは、予め選択された割合で組み合わされたときそのような原色が任意の色をスペクトルにおいて発生することができる意味において原色である。3原色が好ましいが、本発明は、任意の色をスペクトルにおいて発生するのに2つの原色のみでほぼ同様に機能することが理解されるであろう。同様に、異なる原色がここでは一様に色付けされたLEDのセット上に配列されているが、同じ効果が複数の色放射半導体ダイを含む単一のLEDで達成し得ることが認められるであろう。LEDセット120、140及び160は、各々、本明細書に援用されている米国特許No.4,298,869においてOkunoにより記載されている要領で直列/並列アレイのLEDを含むのが好ましい。本実施形態において、LEDセット120は、各列9個の赤LEDの並列接続された3列(図示せず)を含み、LEDセット140及び160は各々、各列5個の青LEDの並列接続された5列及び各列5個の緑LEDの並列接続された5列のそれぞれ(図示せず)を含む。一般に、各赤LEDは、各青又は緑のLEDより小さい量、即ち、それぞれ4.0Vと比較して約2.1Vだけの電位をラインに降下させ、それが異なる列長さの原因である。これは、各列におけるLEDの数が電源電圧での陽極端部と列の中の最後のLEDの陰極端部との間の所望の電圧降下量により決定されるからである。また、列の並列配列は、たとえ列の中の1個のLEDが故障し、従ってその列の中の電気的回路を開いている状態になった場合でも依然機能することを保証するフェイルセーフ対策である。LEDセット120の中の並列接続された3列の各列の9個の赤LEDの陰極端部は、次いで、コモンに接続され、そしてコネクタ110のピン128に行く。同様に、LEDセット140の中の並列接続された5列の各列5個の青LEDは、コモンに接続され、そしてコネクタ110上のピン148に行く。LEDセット160の中の並列接続された5列の各列の5個の緑LEDの陰極端部は、コモンに接続され、コネクタ110上のピン168に行く。最後に、光モジュール100上で、各LEDセットは、以下に記載されるように、各LEDセットを通る最大電流をプログラムするため、他の構成要素と組み合わさるプログラミング抵抗と関連する。ピン124とピン126との間に6.2Ωの抵抗122がある。ピン144とピン146との間に4.7Ωの抵抗142がある。ピン164とピン166との間に4.7Ωの抵抗162がある。抵抗122は、赤LEDセット120を通る最大電流をプログラムし、抵抗142は、青LEDセット140を通る最大電流をプログラムし、抵抗162は、緑LEDセット160を通る最大電流をプログラムする。これらの抵抗が取る値は、各LEDセットの所望の最大光強度に基づいて経験的に決定される。本実施形態において、上記の抵抗値は、70、50及び50μAのそれぞれの赤、青及び緑の電流をプログラムする。
【0014】
光モジュール100の電気的構造を記載したことにより、ここで図2に示される電力モジュール200の電気的構造に関心を向ける。図6及び図7は、電力モジュール200の実施形態の電力端子側及び電気的コネクタ側を示す。光モジュール100と同様に、電力モジュール200は自蔵型である。オスのピン・セット110との相互接続は、相補のメスのピン・セット210を介して達成される。ピン280は、電源300からピン280に供給される電力を供給するためのピン180と接続される。電源300は、単純化のため機能ブロックとして示されている。実際上、電源300は、DC電圧を発生する多数の形式を取り得る。本実施形態において、電源300は、汎用タイプの過渡保護キャパシタ(図示せず)を介してピン280に結合された接続端子(図示せず)を介して24ボルトを与える。電源300はまた、米国特許No.4,298,869により十分に記載されているように、AC電源の整流及び/又は電圧変換の後のDC電圧を供給してもよい。
【0015】
またピン・コネクタ210に、3つの電流プログラミング集積回路、即ちICR 220、ICB 240及びICG 260が接続されている。これらの各々は、3端子調整可能レギュレータであり、カリフォルニア州サンタ・クララのNational Semiconductor Corporationから入手可能なパーツ番号LM317Bが好ましい。LM317のデータシートの教示が本明細書に援用されている。各レギュレータは、入力端子、出力端子及び調整端子を有し、それぞれにI、O及びAと符号が付されている。レギュレータは、入力端子に入り出力端子から出る一定最大電流を維持するよう機能する。この最大電流は、出力端子と調整端子との間の抵抗値を設定することにより予めプログラムされる。これは、レギュレータが、1.25Vが固定電流設定抵抗の両端間に現れるのに必要ないずれかの値に入力端子の電圧を固定させ、こうして一定電流を流すようにさせるからである。各々は同一に機能するので、ICR 220のみを説明する。最初に、電流は、ICR 220の入力端子にピン228から入る。勿論、電力モジュールの中のピン228は、光モジュールの中のピン128に結合され、電流を直接赤LEDセット120の陰極端部から受け取る。抵抗122は、通常のようにICR 220の出力端子と調整端子との間にピン224/124及び226/126を介して配置されるので、抵抗122は、ICR 220により調整される電流量をプログラムする。結局、ICR 220の調整端子からの電流出力は、ダーリントン・ドライバに入る。このようにして、ICR 220及び関連の抵抗122は、赤LEDセット120を通る最大電流をプログラムする。類似の結果が、青LEDセット140に対してICB 240及び抵抗142により、そして緑LEDセット160に対してICG 260及び抵抗162により達成される。
【0016】
赤、青及び緑LEDの電流は、別の集積回路ICI 380のそれぞれのノード324、344及び364に入る。ICI 380は、カリフォルニア州サンタ・クララのNational Semiconductor Corporationから入手可能な高電流/電圧ダーリントン・ドライバ、パーツ番号DS2003であることが好ましい。ICI 380は、電流シンクとして用いられ、電流を各LEDセットと接地390との間でスイッチングするよう機能する。本明細書に援用されているDS2003のデータシートに記載されているように、ICIは、適切なオンボードのバイアス抵抗を有する6組のダーリントン・トランジスタを含む。図示されるように、各電流をシンクする(引き入れる)ため対のダーリントン・トランジスタを用いることによりICI 380の電流定格が2倍にされることを利用するための周知の要領で、ノード324、344及び364は、電流を各LEDセットから3対のこれらのダーリントン・トランジスタに結合する。3つのオンボード・ダーリントン対の各々は、スイッチとして以下のように用いられる。各ダーリントン対のベースは、信号入力424、444及び464のそれぞれに結合される。従って、入力424は、ノード324を通る従って赤LEDセット120を通る電流をスイッチングするための信号入力である。入力444は、ノード344を通る従って青LEDセット140を通る電流をスイッチングするための信号入力である。入力464は、ノード364を通る従って緑LEDセット160を通る電流をスイッチングするための信号入力である。信号入力424、444及び464は、以下に説明されるように、マイクロコントローラIC2 400上の各信号出力434、454及び474に結合されている。本質的に、高周波数方形波が各信号入力に入ると、ICI 380は、各ノードを通る電流を同一周波数及びデューティ・サイクルでもってスイッチングする。こうして、動作において、信号入力424、444及び464の状態は、各LEDセット120、140及び160を介する電力回路の開閉と直接相関する。
【0017】
マイクロコントローラIC2 400の構造及び動作をここで説明する。マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、MICROCHIP(商標)のPIC16C63であることが好ましいが、殆どいずれの適正にプログラムされたマイクロコントローラ又はマイクロプロセッサは、ここに記載されるソフトウエア機能を実行することができる。マイクロコントローラIC2 400の主機能は、シリアルRXピン520上で受け取った数値データを、信号出力ピン434、454及び474上の一定の周波数であるが独立のデューティ・サイクルの3つの独立の高周波数方形波に変換することである。マイクロコントローラIC2 400の図2の表示は、当業者が28標準ピンのある一定のものが最も明瞭にするため省略され又は組み合わされていることを認めるであろう点で部分的に様式化されている。
【0018】
マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、5ボルトのDC電源700に結合されているピン450を介して給電される。電源700は、電圧レギュレータ(図示せず)を含む結合器(図示せず)を介して電源300から駆動されるのが好ましい。例示的電圧レギュレータは、カリフォルニア州サンタ・クララのNational Semiconductor Corporationから入手可能なLM340 3端子正電圧レギュレータである。LM340のデータシートの教示が本明細書に援用される。当業者は、大部分のマイクロコントローラ及び多くの他の独立に給電されるディジタル集積回路が、5ボルト未満の電源に対して定格化されていることを認めるであろう。マイクロコントローラIC2 400のクロック周波数は、適当なピンを介して結合されている水晶480によりセットされる。ピン490は、マイクロコントローラIC2 400の接地基準である。
【0019】
スイッチ600は、マイクロコントローラIC2 400を独特に識別するため変更可能にかつ機械的にセットされ得る12位置ディップ・スイッチである。ディップ・スイッチ600内の12の機械的スイッチの個々のものが閉成されたとき、経路が、マイクロコントローラIC2 400上の対応するピン650から接地690まで発生される。12のスイッチは、212の有り得るセッティングを生じ、いずれのマイクロコントローラIC2 400が4096個の異なるID又はアドレスの1つを取るのを可能にする。好適な実施形態において、以下で説明されるようDMX−512プロトコルを採用するので、9個のスイッチのみが実際に用いられる。
【0020】
一旦スイッチ600がセットされると、マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、その唯一のアドレス(「私は誰か」)を知り、シリアル・ライン520上で、特にそれにアドレス指定されたデータ・ストリームを「聞く」。DMXプロトコルが好ましい高速ネットワーク・プロトコルを用いて、個々にアドレス指定されたマイクロコントローラIC2 400の各々に対してネットワーク・データを中央ネットワーク・コントローラ(図示せず)からアドレス指定する。DMXプロトコルは、アメリカ合衆国劇場技術社(United States Theatre Standard Technology, Inc.)から発行された題名が「ディマー及びコントローラのためのDMX512/1990ディジタル・データ伝送基準」の刊行物に記載され、本明細書に援用されている。基本的には、ここで用いられているネットワーク・プロトコルにおいて、中央コントローラ(図示せず)は、順次データ・パケットから成るネットワーク・データのストリームを生成する。各パケットは最初にヘッダを含む。なお、そのヘッダが基準と一致するかについて検査されそして捨てられる。また、そのヘッダは、順次にアドレス指定されたデバイスのためのデータを表す順次バイトのストリームが続く。例えば、データ・パケットが光番号15を意図される場合、データ・ストリームからの14バイトは捨てられ、そしてデバイスはバイト番号15をセーブするであろう。好適な実施形態におけるように、2バイト以上が必要とされる場合、アドレスは開始アドレスであると考えられ、そして2バイト以上がセーブされ、利用される。各バイトは、10進番号の0から255までに対応し、オフからフルまでの所望の強度を直線的に表す。(単純化のため、ヘッダ及びストップ・ビットのようなデータ・パケットの詳細は、この記載から省かれ、そして当業者により認められるであろう。)そのように、LEDの3つの色の各々は、0と255との間の離散的強度値を割り当てられる。これらの各強度値は、マイクロコントローラIC2 400のメモリ(図示せず)内のそれぞれのレジスタに記憶される。一旦中央コントローラが全部のデータ・パケットを使い尽くすと、中央コントローラは、連続的なリフレッシュ・サイクルで再びスタートする。リフレッシュ・サイクルは、最小が1196マイクロ秒で、最大が1秒であるよう基準により規定される。
【0021】
マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、そのデータ・ストリームを「聞く」ため連続的にプログラムされる。マイクロコントローラIC2 400が「聞いている」が、しかしそれが意図したデータ・パケットを検出する前であるときに、マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、方形波信号出力をピン434、454及び474上に生成するよう設計されたルーチンをランしている。色レジスタの中の値は、方形波のデューティ・サイクルを決定する。各レジスタが0から255までの値を取り得るので、これらの値は、256個の有り得る異なるデューティ・サイクルを0%から100%までの線形範囲で生成する。方形波周波数が、一定であり、かつマイクロコントローラIC2 400でランしているプログラムにより決定されるので、これらの異なる離散的デューティ・サイクルは、方形波パルスの幅の変動を表す。これは、パルス幅変調(PWM)として知られる。
【0022】
PWM割込みルーチンは、単純なカウンタを用いて実行され、1サイクルにおいて0から255までピン434、454及び474上の方形波出力の各期間中増分する。カウンタがゼロにロールオーバーするとき、3つの信号全部が高にセットされる。一度カウンタがレジスタ値に等しくなると、信号出力は低に変えられる。マイクロコントローラIC2 400が新しいデータを受け取ると、マイクロコントローラIC2 400は、カウンタをフリーズし、新しいデータを作業レジスタにコピーし、新しいレジスタ値を現在のカウントと比較し、従って出力ピンを更新し、次いでカウンタが止まったところでカウンタを正確に再スタートさせる。こうして、強度値は、PWMサイクルの中間で更新され得る。カウンタをフリーズしかつ同時に信号出力を更新することは少なくとも2つの利点がある。第1に、それは、ストロボ光(strobe light)が迅速にパルス/ストローブ(pulse/strobe)するように各照明ユニットが迅速にパルス/ストローブするのを可能にする。そのようなストローブすることは、中央制御器が迅速な速度で高強度値とゼロ強度値を交互に有するネットワーク・データを送るとき生じる。最初に信号出力を更新することなしに人がカウンタを再スタートさせる場合、人間の眼は、異なるパルス幅でセットされている各個々の色LEDの食い違いのある不活性化を知覚することができるであろう。この特徴は、照明要素の加熱及び冷却サイクルと関連した積分効果故に、白熱光にとって関心事ではない。白熱要素とは似ないLEDは、本出願において本質的に瞬間的に活性化しそして不活性化する。第2の利点は、カウンタがゼロにリセットされた場合、さもなければ起こるであろうフリッカーを生じることなしに、人はLEDを「減光」することができることである。中央制御器は、それが各色LEDに対して光強度において均一で比例的な低減を表す強度値のシークエンスを生成するとき、連続的な減光信号を送ることができる。人がカウンタを再スタートする前に出力信号を更新しない場合、単一の色LEDは、そのデューティ・サイクルのゼロ電流状態を経験することなしに、ほぼ2サイクルにわたり経過する可能性がある。例えば、赤のレジスタが4にセットされ、かつカウンタがフリーズされたときそのカウンタは3にセットされていると仮定する。ここで、カウンタは、PWMサイクルの「オフ部分」が赤LEDに対して生じることになる直前にフリーズされる。ここで、ネットワーク・データが赤のレジスタの中の値を4から2に変え、そしてカウンタが出力信号を不活性化することなしに再スタートされると仮定する。たとえカウンタが赤のレジスタの中の強度値より大きくても、出力状態は依然「オン」であり、これは最大電流が依然赤LEDを通って流れていることを意味する。なお、青及び緑のLEDは、PWMサイクルにおけるそれらの適切な時間に多分ターンオフするであろう。これは、人間の眼により色強度を減光する過程で赤のフリッカーとして知覚されるであろう。カウンタをフリーズしかつPWMサイクルの残部の間に出力を更新することは、これらの欠点を克服し、フリッカーが生じないことを保証する。
【0023】
ここでマイクロコントローラIC2 400のためのネットワーク・インタフェースを説明する。ジャック800及び900は標準RJ−8ネットワーク・ジャックである。ジャック800は、入力ジャックとして用いられ、そして単純化のため3つの入力のみ、即ち信号入力860、870及び接地850を有するように示されている。ネットワーク・データは、ジャック800に入り、信号入力860及び870を通る。次いで、これらの信号入力はIC3 500に結合される。なお、IC3 500は標準タイプのRS−485/RS−422差分バス中継器であり、カリフォルニア州サンタ・クララのNational Semiconductor CorporationからのDS96177であることが好ましい。DS96177の教示が本明細書に援用されている。信号入力860及び870は、IC3 500のピン560及び570に入る。データ信号は、マイクロコントローラIC2 400上のピン510からピン520に通される。同じデータ信号が、次いで、IC2 400上のピン540からIC3 500上のピン530に戻される。ジャック900は、出力ジャックとして用いられ、単純化のため5個の出力のみ、即ち信号出力960、970、980、990及び接地950を有するように示されている。出力960及び970は、入力ライン860及び870のそれぞれから直接分割される。出力980及び990は、IC3 500のピン580及び590のそれぞれから直接来る。前述の組立体は、ネットワーク・データを受け取るため2つのネットワーク・ノードを接続させるようにすることが認められるであろう。こうして、ネットワークは、単一のノードのみが一緒につなぎ合わされた場合デージー・チェインとして、又は2つのノードが各単一のノードの出力に結び付けられる場合2進木として構成され得る。
【0024】
前述の記載から、人は、LED照明又は表示ユニットのアドレス指定可能なネットワークが、各々がそれぞれの光モジュールに接続された電力モジュールの集合から構成されることができることを知ることができる。少なくとも2つの原色LEDが用いられる限り、単純に各色LEDが放射する光強度を予め選択することにより、任意の照明又は表示色が発生され得る。更に、各色LEDは、PWM方形波のデューティ・サイクルに応じて、255の異なる強度のいずれかで光を放射することができ、そのときフリル強度パルス(frill intensity pulse)が最大電流をLEDに通すことにより発生される。更にまた、最大強度は、単純に光モジュールに存在する電流レギュレータのためのプログラミング抵抗値を用いて最大許容電流のための上限を調整することにより都合よくプログラムされることができる。異なる最大電流定格の光モジュールは、それにより都合よく交換され得る。
【0025】
前述の実施形態は、任意の数の異なるハウジングに存在し得る。照明ユニット用の好適なハウジングを説明する。ここで図3に目を向けると、実質的に円筒形本体部分10、光モジュール20、伝導性スリーブ30、電力モジュール40、別の伝導性スリーブ50及び包囲板60を備える本発明の照明ユニットの分解組立図が示されている。ここで、光モジュール20及び電力モジュール40は、前述の光モジュール100及び電力モジュール200の電気的構造及びソフトウエアを含む。ネジ62、64、66及び68は、装置全体を機械的に接続するのを可能にする。本体部分10、伝導性スリーブ30及び50及び包囲板60は、熱を伝導する金属、好ましくはアルミニウムから作られるのが好ましい。本体部分10は開口端部、反射性内側部分及び照明端部を有し、その照明端部に光モジュール20が機械的に固定されている。光モジュール20は、円板形状をしていて、そして2つの側面を有する。照明側面(図示せず)は、異なる原色の複数のLEDを備える。接続側面は、電気的コネクタのオス・ピン組立体22を保持する。照明側面及び接続側面の双方は、複数のLEDから本体部分10への熱伝導が一層良好になるようにアルミニウム表面により被覆されている。同様に、電力モジュール40は円板形状であり、そしてその全ての有効な表面は同じ理由のためアルミニウムにより被覆されている。電力モジュール40は、組立体22からのピンに嵌合するよう適合された電気的コネクタのメス・ピン組立体44を保持する接続側面を有する。電力モジュール40は、DC電源に接続のための端子42を保持する電力端子側面を有する。いずれの標準AC又はDCジャックを適切に用い得る。
【0026】
光モジュール20と電力モジュール40との間に伝導性アルミニウム・スリーブ30が介挿され、その伝導性アルミニウム・スリーブ30は実質的に光モジュール20と電力モジュール40との間の空間を包囲する。図示のように、円板形状の包囲板60及びネジ62、64、66及び68は、構成要素の全部を一緒に封止し、従って伝導性スリーブ50は、包囲板60と電力モジュール40との間に介挿される。一旦一緒に1ユニットとして封止されると、照明装置は、前述のようにデータ・ネットワークに接続され、かつある範囲を照明するのに都合の良い要領で取り付けられ得る。動作において、光拡散手段が、光モジュール20上のLEDが光の単一の均一周波数を放射するように見えることを保証するよう本体部分10の中に挿入される。
【0027】
前述の記載から、多色を生成するためのLEDのPWM電流制御が、ネットワークの有無に関係なく無数の環境の中に組み込まれ得ることが認められるであろう。例えば、図8は、ハンドヘルドの(手持ち型)懐中電灯が本発明のLED組立体を用いて考えられるいずれの色を照射するよう作ることができることを示す。懐中電灯は、外部調整手段5を含み、その外部調整手段5は、例えば、適切にプログラムされたマイクロコントローラに各A/D変換手段15を介して結合された3つ1組のポテンショメータであり得る。各ポテンショメータは、LEDボード25上の個々の色LEDの電流デューティ・サイクル、従って照明強度を制御するであろう。各々が0から255までの異なるバイトを発生することができる3つのセッティングにより、コンピュータ制御された懐中電灯は、24ビット色を発生し得る。勿論、3つの個々のポテンショメータは、単一の調整器として動作可能なように、トラックボール又はジョイスティックのような、単一のデバイスの中に組み込まれることができる。更に、調整手段はポテンショメータでなければならないことは必要でない。例えば、容量性又は抵抗性サム・プレート(thumb plate)もまた色を設定するため必要な2つ又は3つのレジスタをプログラムするため用いられ得る。本発明の非ハンドヘルドの実施形態は、水泳プールの水中光源として用いられ得る。本発明は比較的低い電圧及び低い電流で動作することができるので、安全な水中動作に対して独特に適している。
【0028】
同様に、本発明は、いずれの所与の環境条件の汎用インディケータとして用いられ得る。図9は、そのような装置のための一般的機能ブロック図を示す。図9内にはまた、例示的期間中の3つの色LEDのデューティ・サイクルを示す例示的チャートが示されている。環境インディケータの一例として、電力モジュールが、傾斜計に結合されることができる。傾斜計は、重力の地球中心に対する一般的角度向きを測定する。傾斜計の角度信号は、A/D変換器を介して変換され、かつ電力モジュールの中のマイクロコントローラのデータ入力に結合されることができる。次いで、マイクロコントローラは、角度をLED色レジスタ値と関連付けるルックアップテーブルの使用を介して各離散的角度向きを異なる色に割り当てるためプログラムされることができる。「色傾斜計」は、飛行機のコックピットのような安全のため、又は水の中で揺れる帆船上の帆を照明するような新規のため、用いられ得る。別のインディケータの使用は、容易に読出し可能な視覚的温度指示を与えるため用いられている。例えば、ディジタル温度計は、マイクロプロセッサに温度読出しを与えるため接続されることができる。各温度は、特定の組みのレジスタ値、従って特定の色出力と関連付けられるであろう。複数のそのような「色温度計」は、貯蔵冷凍庫のような大きな空間にわたり配置されることができ、三次元にわたる温度の単純な視覚的検査を可能にする。
【0029】
本発明の別の使用は白熱電球としてである。適切な整流器及び電圧変換手段を用いて、電力及び光モジュール全体は、エジソン取り付け型(Edison−mount)(ネジ・タイプ)白熱電球ハウジングの中に配置され得る。各電球は、白を含む特定の色電球を与えるため特定のレジスタ値でもってプログラムされることができる。電流レギュレータは、所望の電流定格、従ってプリセット光強度を与えるため再プログラムされることができる。当然に、白熱電球は、光が周囲へ通るのを可能にする光透過性の又は半透明の部分を有し得る。
【0030】
上記は、本発明の好適な実施形態の詳細な記述であるが、頭書の特許請求の範囲は本出願人が権利を与えられる本発明の範囲をより自由に定義する。好適な実施形態に記載された特許請求の範囲の明示的表現内に入らないかも知れない変更又は改良は、それらが均等物である限り、又はさもなければ従来技術を越えたその寄与と一貫している限り、本発明の範囲内として取り扱われるべきであり、そのような寄与は開示された特定の実施形態に制限されるものではない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明の光モジュールの様式化した電気回路の概略図である。
【図2】図2は、本発明の電力モジュールの様式化した電気回路の概略図である。
【図3】図3は、本発明の一実施形態のハウジングの分解組立図である。
【図4】図4は、本発明の光モジュールのLEDを含む側の平面図である。
【図5】図5は、本発明の光モジュールの電気的コネクタ側の平面図である。
【図6】図6は、本発明の電力モジュールの電力端子側の平面図である。
【図7】図7は、本発明の電力モジュールの電気的コネクタ側の平面図である。
【図8】図8は、LED照明モジュールを含む懐中電灯組立体の分解組立図である。
【図9】図9は、本発明の環境インディケータの制御ブロック図である。
Claims (11)
- 電源(300)及び共通電位基準(390)を含む電力回路に結合された少なくとも2つの異なる色の複数の発光体と、
前記複数の発光体を駆動する駆動手段(380)であって、前記複数の発光体及び前記電力回路に接続された少なくとも2つのスイッチを備え、且つ前記の少なくとも2つの異なる色の発光体のそれぞれの電流経路に対応する駆動手段(380)とを備える照明装置において、
各発光体がLEDであり、
それぞれのデューティ・サイクルに従って対応する周波数で前記少なくとも2つスイッチを周期的に且つ独立に開閉するため、異なる色のLEDにそれぞれ対応するPWM(パルス幅変調)信号を発生する制御器(400)を備え、
前記制御器は、それ自身に割り当てられた可変アドレスを有し、それにより前記可変アドレスに対する入力データ・ストリームのそれぞれの部分であって前記制御器に割り当てられた当該それぞれの部分を識別し且つ応答して、前記少なくとも2つの異なる色のLEDのそれぞれのデューティ・サイクルを決定する
ことを特徴とする照明装置。 - 前記制御器は、前記少なくとも2つ異なる色のLEDのためのデータ・ストリーム部分のそれぞれのデータ値を格納するようそれぞれ構成された、前記少なくとも2つの異なる色のLEDのための少なくとも2つのレジスタを備え、
前記制御器は、前記少なくとも2つの異なる色のLEDのそれぞれのデューティ・サイクルを決定するため前記データ値を用いるよう構成されている
請求項1記載の照明装置。 - 前記の複数のLED、駆動手段及び制御器を実質的に包囲するハウジングを備える請求項1又は2記載の照明装置。
- 最大電流を一定の最大値に維持するように、前記電流経路に沿って前記の複数のLEDに供給されたそれぞれの最大電流を制御するための電流レギュレータを更に備える請求項1又は2記載の照明装置。
- 最大電流を一定の最大値に維持するように、前記電流経路に沿って前記の複数のLEDに供給されたそれぞれの最大電流を制御するための電流レギュレータを更に備え、
前記ハウジングが、前記の複数のLED、駆動手段及び制御器に加えて前記電流レギュレータを実質的に包囲する
請求項3記載の照明装置。 - 各LEDが有機LEDである請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記制御器が、DMXデータ・プロトコルに従って前記それぞれの入力データ・ストリーム部分を識別し且つそれに応答するよう構成されている請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の照明装置。
- 各入力データ・ストリーム部分は、各LEDのためのそれぞれのバイトを備え、
前記バイトは、10進数の0から255に対応する範囲内でそれぞれのLEDの光強度を規定するための8ビットのデータを含み、
前記制御器が、各それぞれのバイトのビット内容に従って各PWM信号のパルス幅を制御するよう構成されている
請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の照明装置。 - 前記の複数のLEDが赤、緑及び青のLEDから成る請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記の複数のLEDが直列/並列アレイのLEDを備える請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の照明装置。
- 前記入力データ・ストリームを生成するための中央制御器と、
請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の複数の照明装置と、を備え、
各前記照明装置は、前記入力データ・ストリームを受け取るよう構成されており、且つ当該入力データ・ストリームの異なる部分に応答するように前記制御器の可変アドレスを異なって設定させる、照明ネットワーク。
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US (3) | US6016038A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1195740B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2001514432A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE222013T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU757000B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2302227C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69807092T3 (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2657755T3 (ja) |
HK (2) | HK1025416A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1999010867A1 (ja) |
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- 1998-08-26 WO PCT/US1998/017702 patent/WO1999010867A1/en active IP Right Grant
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JP2007529872A (ja) * | 2004-03-15 | 2007-10-25 | カラー・キネティックス・インコーポレーテッド | 電力制御方法および装置 |
US7633577B2 (en) | 2004-10-30 | 2009-12-15 | Lg Display Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode backlight unit and liquid crystal display device using the same |
JP2008535155A (ja) * | 2005-03-23 | 2008-08-28 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 照明状態記録システム及び方法 |
JP2008537307A (ja) * | 2005-04-22 | 2008-09-11 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 照明装置の制御方法と制御システム |
JP2010525528A (ja) * | 2007-04-30 | 2010-07-22 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | モジュラ・ソリッドステート照明装置 |
US8203281B2 (en) | 2008-04-29 | 2012-06-19 | Ivus Industries, Llc | Wide voltage, high efficiency LED driver circuit |
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JP2012503845A (ja) * | 2008-09-24 | 2012-02-09 | ビーイー・エアロスペース・インコーポレーテッド | 航空機ledウォッシュライトシステム及びその制御方法 |
US9018853B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2015-04-28 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to calibrate lighting units |
US9414459B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2016-08-09 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to calibrate lighting units |
US9497820B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2016-11-15 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Calibration method for LED lighting systems |
US10206262B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2019-02-12 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Flexible LED lighting element |
US10433393B2 (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2019-10-01 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Flexible LED lighting element |
WO2011004796A1 (ja) | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | シーシーエス株式会社 | 発光装置 |
US9091422B2 (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2015-07-28 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | LED lighting element |
US9192008B2 (en) | 2012-03-26 | 2015-11-17 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Reduced-size modular LED washlight component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK1046056A1 (zh) | 2002-12-20 |
EP1016062A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
AU9206098A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
JP2001514432A (ja) | 2001-09-11 |
ES2182358T3 (es) | 2003-03-01 |
EP1195740A3 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
ATE222013T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
US6016038A (en) | 2000-01-18 |
CA2302227A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
DE69807092D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
US6166496A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
HK1025416A1 (en) | 2000-11-10 |
US6150774A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
JP4230236B2 (ja) | 2009-02-25 |
DE69807092T3 (de) | 2015-11-12 |
EP1016062B1 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
CA2302227C (en) | 2004-07-27 |
EP1195740B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
EP1195740A2 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
AU757000B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
EP1016062B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
WO1999010867A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
ES2182358T5 (es) | 2015-12-02 |
DE69807092T2 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
ES2657755T3 (es) | 2018-03-06 |
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