ES2657755T3 - Método y aparato de iluminación LED multicolor - Google Patents
Método y aparato de iluminación LED multicolor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2657755T3 ES2657755T3 ES01130297.3T ES01130297T ES2657755T3 ES 2657755 T3 ES2657755 T3 ES 2657755T3 ES 01130297 T ES01130297 T ES 01130297T ES 2657755 T3 ES2657755 T3 ES 2657755T3
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- lighting
- lighting apparatus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0616—Skin treatment other than tanning
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0618—Psychological treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S4/00—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
- F21S4/20—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports
- F21S4/28—Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources with light sources held by or within elongate supports rigid, e.g. LED bars
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
- G09G3/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
- G09G3/14—Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2007—Display of intermediate tones
- G09G3/2014—Display of intermediate tones by modulation of the duration of a single pulse during which the logic level remains constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/32—Pulse-control circuits
- H05B45/325—Pulse-width modulation [PWM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/395—Linear regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
- H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
- H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/155—Coordinated control of two or more light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
- H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
- H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/065—Light sources therefor
- A61N2005/0651—Diodes
- A61N2005/0652—Arrays of diodes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/20—Light sources comprising attachment means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/0004—Personal or domestic articles
- F21V33/004—Sanitary equipment, e.g. mirrors, showers, toilet seats or paper dispensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
- F21V33/006—General building constructions or finishing work for buildings, e.g. roofs, gutters, stairs or floors; Garden equipment; Sunshades or parasols
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/02—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like
- F21W2111/027—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for roads, paths or the like for indicating kerbs, steps or stairs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2111/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00
- F21W2111/08—Use or application of lighting devices or systems for signalling, marking or indicating, not provided for in codes F21W2102/00 – F21W2107/00 for handles or handrails
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
- F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/06—Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
- G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
- G09G2310/0264—Details of driving circuits
- G09G2310/0272—Details of drivers for data electrodes, the drivers communicating data to the pixels by means of a current
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
- G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
- G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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- G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
- G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
- G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
- G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
- G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
- G09G3/3283—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data current for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
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- Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
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Abstract
Un aparato de iluminación para proporcionar luz visible, comprendiendo el aparato de iluminación: una sección (10) del cuerpo que tiene un extremo abierto, una parte interior reflectante y un extremo de iluminación; un módulo (20) de luz fijado mecánicamente al extremo de iluminación de la sección (10) del cuerpo, comprendiendo el módulo (20) de luz: una pluralidad de LEDs (120, 140, 160) de al menos dos colores diferentes adaptados para acoplarse a una fuente (300) de energía y a una referencia (390) de potencial común, comprendiendo la pluralidad de LEDs (120, 140, 160): al menos un primer LED (120) configurado para generar la primera radiación que tiene un primer espectro correspondiente a un primer color primario; y al menos un segundo LED (140) configurado para generar una segunda radiación que tiene un segundo espectro correspondiente a un segundo color primario diferente del primer color primario; un disipador (380) de corriente interpuesto entre la pluralidad de LEDs y la referencia (390) de potencial común, comprendiendo el disipador (380) de corriente al menos dos conmutadores correspondientes a las trayectorias (324, 344, 364) de corriente respectivas de al menos dos diferentes LEDs (120, 140, 160) de color; y un controlador (400) que comprende: medios de control para abrir y cerrar de forma periódica e independiente los al menos dos conmutadores a alta frecuencia y para generar un ciclo de trabajo de ese modo; y medios de programación acoplados a los medios de control para programar respectivos ciclos de trabajo para cada color de al menos dos LEDs de colores diferentes, comprendiendo los medios de programación un primer registro para almacenar al menos un primer valor de intensidad que representa un primer ciclo de trabajo para al menos un primer LED (120); y un segundo registro para almacenar al menos un segundo valor de intensidad que representa un segundo ciclo de trabajo para al menos un segundo LED (140); y un difusor insertado en la sección (10) del cuerpo y configurado para asegurar que la pluralidad de LEDs en el módulo de luz parece emitir una sola frecuencia uniforme de luz; caracterizado porque los respectivos ciclos de trabajo para cada color están programados de manera que el aparato de iluminación puede proporcionar un color particular de luz visible, incluida la luz blanca.
Description
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DESCRIPCION
Método y aparato de iluminación LED multicolor ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN
La presente invención se refiere a proporcionar luz de un color seleccionable usando fuentes de luz, tales como LEDs. Más particularmente, la presente invención es un método y aparato para proporcionar iluminación multicolor. Más particularmente aún, la presente invención es un aparato para proporcionar una red de iluminación multicolor controlada por ordenador capaz de alto rendimiento y rápida selección y cambio de color.
Es bien sabido que combinar la luz proyectada de un color con la luz proyectada de otro color dará como resultado la creación de un tercer color. También es bien sabido que los tres colores primarios más comúnmente utilizados, -rojo, azul y verde --, se pueden combinar en diferentes proporciones para generar casi cualquier color en el espectro visible. La presente invención aprovecha estos efectos combinando la luz proyectada de al menos dos diodos emisores de luz (LEDS) de diferentes colores primarios, se debe entender que, para los fines de esta invención, el término "colores primarios" abarca cualquier color diferente que pueda combinarse para crear otros colores.
Las redes de iluminación por ordenador no son nuevas. La patente U.S. No. 5.420.482, otorgada a Phares, describe una de tales redes que usa LEDs de diferentes colores para generar un color seleccionable. Phares se usa principalmente como un aparato de visualización. Sin embargo, el aparato tiene varias desventajas y limitaciones. En primer lugar, cada uno de los LED de tres colores en Phares se alimenta a través de un esquema de polarización de transistores en donde la base del transistor está acoplada a un registro de cierre respectivo a través de resistencias de polarización. Los tres cierres están conectados simultáneamente a las mismas líneas de datos en el bus de datos. Esto significa que es imposible en Phares cambiar las tres polarizaciones del transistor LED de forma independiente y simultánea. Además, la polarización de los transistores es ineficiente porque la energía suministrada a los LED es menor que la que se disipa en la red de polarización. Esto hace que el dispositivo sea poco adecuado para aplicaciones de iluminación eficientes. La polarización del transistor utilizada por Phares también hace que sea difícil, si no imposible, intercambiar grupos de LEDs que tienen diferentes clasificaciones de energía y, por lo tanto, diferentes niveles de intensidad.
La patente U.S. N° 4,945,48 1, otorgada a Havel, está dirigida a un dispositivo de visualización multicolor. Havel aborda algunos, pero no todos, los problemas de conmutación asociados con Phares. Havel usa una señal modulada por ancho de pulsos para proporcionar corriente a los respectivos LEDs en un ciclo de trabajo particular. Sin embargo, no se toman medidas para un control preciso y rápido sobre los colores emitidos. Como una unidad independiente, el aparato en Havel sugiere que no haya iluminación de red, y por lo tanto carece de cualquier enseñanza sobre cómo implementar una red de iluminación asistida por ordenador por ancho de pulsos. Además, Havel no aprecia el uso de LEDs más allá de meras pantallas, tales como para la iluminación.
La patente U.S. No 5,184,114, otorgada a Brown, muestra un sistema de visualización LED. Pero Brown no tiene sugerencia de usar LEDs para la iluminación, o de usar LEDs en un entorno de red informática configurable. La patente U.S. No 5.133.387, otorgada a Smith et al., dirigida a una pantalla de matriz LED, contiene problemas similares. Su esquema de control de corriente rudimentario limita severamente el posible rango de colores que se pueden mostrar.
El documento US-A-4887074 divulga un sistema de visualización de LED controlado por ordenador que incluye una matriz rectangular N x M de unidades de luz.
El documento FR-A-2640791 divulga una pantalla de diodos emisores de luz de matriz de puntos para la construcción de un ensamblaje de pantalla de diodos emisores de luz de matriz de puntos grande.
El documento US-A-54204S2 divulga un sistema de iluminación controlada que comprende un sistema de control que transmite datos e información de sincronización a una pluralidad de módulos de luz.
Aquí se divulga una red de iluminación multicolor controlada por ordenador de alto rendimiento, que tal vez sea una red de iluminación LED.
Aquí se divulga una estructura de red de iluminación LED capaz de una cadena lineal de nodos y una configuración de árbol binario.
Aquí se divulga una carcasa de disipación de calor para contener las unidades de iluminación de la red de iluminación.
En este documento se divulga un aparato de iluminación LED de corriente regulada, en donde el aparato contiene módulos de iluminación que tienen cada uno su propia clasificación de corriente máxima y cada uno es intercambiable convenientemente entre sí.
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Aquí se divulga un ensamblaje de iluminación LED de corriente controlada por corriente del ordenador para usar como un dispositivo de iluminación general capaz de emitir múltiples colores en un espectro de 24 bits continuamente programable.
Aquí se divulgan una linterna, un inclinómetro, un termómetro, un indicador ambiental general y una bombilla, todos utilizando los principios generales de control de corriente por ordenador de la presente invención.
Otros aspectos de la presente divulgación serán evidentes a partir de la siguiente descripción detallada.
RESUMEN DE LA INVENCIÓN
De acuerdo con un primer aspecto de la presente invención, se proporciona un aparato de iluminación de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1.
De acuerdo con un segundo aspecto de la presente invención, se proporciona una red de iluminación de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5. En resumen, aquí se divulga un control de corriente para el montaje de iluminación, que puede ser un ensamblaje de iluminación LED; que puede un control de corriente modulada por ancho de pulsos ("PWM") u otra forma de control de corriente donde cada unidad de corriente controlada es direccionable de manera única y capaz de recibir información de color de iluminación en una red de iluminación por ordenador. En una realización adicional, la invención incluye una configuración de red de árbol binario de unidades de iluminación (nodos). En otra realización, la presente invención comprende una carcasa de disipación de calor, hecha de un material conductor de calor, para alojar la carcasa de iluminación. La carcasa de disipación de calor contiene dos placas de circuito apiladas que mantienen respectivamente el módulo de energía y el módulo de luz. El módulo de luz está adaptado para intercambiarse de manera conveniente con otros módulos de luz que tengan clasificaciones de corriente programable, y por lo tanto de máxima intensidad de luz. Tales otros módulos de luz pueden incluir LEDs orgánicos, tiras electroluminiscentes y otros módulos, además de los LEDs convencionales. Otras realizaciones de la presente invención implican nuevas aplicaciones para los principios generales descritos en este documento.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS
La Figura 1 es un esquema de circuito eléctrico estilizado del módulo de luz de la presente invención.
La Figura 2 es un esquema de circuito eléctrico estilizado del módulo de energía de la presente invención.
La Figura 3 es una vista en despiece ordenado de la carcasa de una de las realizaciones de la presente invención.
La Figura 4 es una vista plana del lado que contiene LED del módulo de luz de la presente invención.
La Figura 5 es una vista plana del lado del conector eléctrico del módulo de luz de la presente invención.
La Figura 6 es una vista plana del lado del terminal de energía del módulo de energía de la presente invención.
La Figura 7 es una vista plana del lado del conector eléctrico del módulo de energía de la presente invención.
La Figura 8 es una vista en despiece ordenado de un ensamblaje de linterna que contiene el módulo de iluminación LED de la presente invención.
La Figura 9 es un diagrama de bloques de control del indicador ambiental de la presente invención.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA
La estructura y el funcionamiento de una realización preferida se describirán a continuación. Debe entenderse que están disponibles muchas otras formas de practicar las invenciones, y las realizaciones descritas en este documento son ejemplares y no limitativas. Pasando a la Figura 1, se muestra una representación esquemática eléctrica de un módulo 100 de luz de la presente invención. Las Figuras 4 y 5 muestran el lado que contiene LED y el lado del conector eléctrico del módulo 100 de luz. El módulo 110 de luz es autónomo y está configurado para ser un elemento estándar intercambiable con cualquier módulo de luz construido de manera similar. El módulo 100 de luz contiene un conector 110 eléctrico de diez pines del tipo general. En esta realización, el conector 110 contiene pines machos adaptados para encajar en un ensamblaje de conector hembra de diez pines complementarios, que se describirán a continuación. El pin180 es la fuente de energía. Una fuente de energía eléctrica de DC ingresa al módulo 100 en el pin 180. Una fuente de energía eléctrica de DC ingresa al módulo 100 en el pin 180. El pin 180 está conectado eléctricamente al extremo del ánodo de los conjuntos 120, 140 y 160 de diodos emisores de luz (LED) para establecer un alto potencial uniforme en cada extremo del ánodo.
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El conjunto 120 de LED contiene LEDs rojos, el conjunto 140 contiene azul y el conjunto 160 contiene verde, cada uno puede obtenerse de Nichia America Corporation. Estos LEDs son colores primarios, en el sentido de que dichos colores cuando se combinan en proporciones preseleccionadas pueden generar cualquier color en el espectro.
Aunque se prefieren tres colores primarios, se entenderá que la presente invención funcionará casi tan bien con solo dos colores primarios para generar cualquier color en el espectro. Del mismo modo, aunque los diferentes colores primarios están dispuestos aquí en conjuntos de LEDs uniformemente coloreados, se apreciará que se puede lograr el mismo efecto con LEDs únicos que contienen múltiples matrices semiconductoras emisoras de color. Los conjuntos 120, 140 y 160 de LED contienen cada uno preferiblemente una matriz de LEDs serial/paralela de la manera descrita por Okuno en la patente de U.S N.° 4.298.869, incorporada aquí como referencia. En la presente realización, el conjunto 120 de LED contiene tres filas paralelas conectadas de nueve LEDs rojos (no mostrados), y los conjuntos de LED 140 y 160 contienen cada uno cinco filas paralelas conectadas de cinco LEDs azules y verdes, respectivamente (no mostrados). Los expertos en la técnica entienden que, en general, cada LED rojo reduce el potencial en la línea en una cantidad menor que cada LED azul o verde, aproximadamente 2,1 V, en comparación con 4,0 V, respectivamente, lo que representa diferentes longitudes de fila. Esto se debe a que el número de LEDs en cada fila está determinado por la cantidad de caída de voltaje deseada entre el extremo del ánodo en el voltaje de la fuente de energía y el extremo del cátodo del último LED en la fila. Además, la disposición en paralelo de filas es una medida a prueba de fallos que asegura que el módulo 100 de luz aún funcionará incluso si falla un único LED en una fila, abriendo así el circuito eléctrico en esa fila. Los extremos del cátodo de las tres filas paralelas de nueve LEDs rojos en el conjunto 120 de LED se conectan entonces en común, y van al pin 128 en el conector 110. Del mismo modo, los extremos del cátodo de las cinco filas paralelas de cinco LEDs azules en el conjunto 140 de LED están conectados en común, y van al pin 148 en el conector 110. Los extremos del cátodo de las cinco filas paralelas de cinco LEDs verdes en el conjunto 160 de LED están conectados en común, y van al pin 168 en el conector 110. Finalmente, en el módulo I 00 de luz, cada conjunto de LED está asociado con una resistencia de programación que se combina con otros componentes, descritos a continuación, para programar la corriente máxima a través de cada conjunto de LEDs. Entre los pines 124 y 126 está la resistencia 122, 6.2 O. Entre los pines 144 y 146 está la resistencia 142, 4.7 O. Entre los pines 164 y 166 está la resistencia 162, 4.7 O. La resistencia 122 programa la corriente máxima a través del conjunto 120 de LED rojo, la resistencia 142 programa la corriente máxima a través del conjunto 140 de LED azul, y la resistencia 162 programa la corriente máxima a través del conjunto 160 de LED verde. Los valores que estas resistencias deben tomar se determinan empíricamente, en función de la intensidad de luz máxima deseada de cada conjunto de LED. En la presente realización, las resistencias anteriores programan corrientes rojas, azules y verdes de 70, 50 y 50 pA, respectivamente.
Con la estructura eléctrica del módulo 100 de luz descrita, ahora se prestará atención a la estructura eléctrica del módulo 200 de energía, que se muestra en la Figura 2. Las Figuras 6 y 7 muestran el lado del terminal de energía y el lado del conector eléctrico de una realización del módulo 200 de energía. Al igual que el módulo I 00 de luz, el módulo 200 de energía es autónomo. La interconexión con el conjunto 11 0 de pines macho se logra a través del conjunto 210 de pines hembra complementarios. El pin 280 se conecta con el pin 180 para suministrar energía, entregado al pin 280 desde el suministro 300. El suministro 300 se muestra como un bloque funcional por simplicidad. En realidad, el suministro 300 puede tomar numerosas formas para generar un voltaje DC. En la presente realización, el suministro 300 proporciona 24 voltios a través de una terminal de conexión (no mostrada), acoplado al pin 280 a través de condensadores de protección transitoria (no mostrados) del tipo general. Se apreciará que el suministro 300 también puede suministrar un voltaje de DC después de la rectificación y/o la transformación de voltaje de un suministro de AC, como se describe más completamente en la patente U. S. N.° 4.298.869.
También están conectados al conector 210 de pin tres circuitos integrados de programación de corriente, ICR 220, ICB 240 e ICG 260. Cada uno de estos es un regulador ajustable de tres terminales, preferiblemente el número de parte LM317B, disponible en National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Cada regulador contiene un terminal de entrada, un terminal de salida y un terminal de ajuste, etiquetados como I, O y A, respectivamente. Los reguladores funcionan para mantener una corriente máxima constante en el terminal de entrada y fuera del terminal de salida. Esta corriente máxima se preprograma estableciendo una resistencia entre la salida y los terminales de ajuste. Esto se debe a que el regulador provocará que el voltaje en el terminal de entrada se estabilice a cualquier valor que sea necesario para hacer que aparezca 1,25 V a través de la resistencia de ajuste de corriente fija, lo que ocasionará que fluya una corriente constante. Dado que cada función es idéntica, ahora solo se describirá ICR 220. Primero, la corriente ingresa al terminal de entrada del ICR 220 desde el pin 228. Por supuesto, el pin 228 en el módulo de energía está acoplado al pin128 en el módulo de luz, y recibe corriente directamente desde el extremo del cátodo del conjunto 120 de LED rojo. Dado que la resistencia 122 está dispuesta normalmente entre los terminales de salida y ajuste de ICR 220 a través de los pines 224/124 y 226/126, la resistencia 122 programa la cantidad de corriente regulada por ICR 220. Eventualmente, la corriente de salida del terminal de ajuste de ICR 220 ingresa a un controlador Darlington. De esta forma, el ICR 220 y la resistencia asociada 122 programan la corriente máxima a través del conjunto 120 de LED rojo configurado. Se obtienen resultados similares con ICB 240 y resistencia 142 para el conjunto 140 de LED azul, y con ICG 260 y resistencia162 para el conjunto 160 de LED verde.
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Las corrientes LED roja, azul y verde entran en otro circuito integrado, ICI 380, en los nodos 324, 344 y 364 respectivos. ICI 380 es preferiblemente un controlador Darlington de alta corriente/voltaje, parte no. DS2003 disponible en National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. ICI 380 se utiliza como disipador de corriente y funciona para conmutar la corriente entre los respectivos conjuntos de LED 390 y tierra. Como se describe en la hoja de datos DS2003, incorporada aquí como referencia, ICI contiene seis conjuntos de transistores Darlington con resistencias de polarización incorporadas. Como se muestra, los nodos 324, 344 y 364 acoplan la corriente de los respectivos conjuntos de LED a tres pares de estos transistores Darlington, de la manera conocida para aprovechar el hecho de que la calificación de corriente de ICI 380 puede duplicarse usando pares de Transistores Darlington para disipar las respectivas corrientes. Cada uno de los tres pares de Darlington a bordo se usa de la siguiente manera como un conmutador. La base de cada par Darlington está acoplada a las entradas 424, 444 y 464 de señal, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, la entrada 424 es la entrada de señal para conmutar la corriente a través del nodo 324, y por lo tanto el conjunto 120 de LED rojo. La entrada 444 es la entrada de señal para la corriente de conmutación a través del nodo 344, y por lo tanto el conjunto 140 de LED azul. La entrada 464 es la entrada de señal para la corriente de conmutación a través del nodo 364 y, por lo tanto, el LED verde 160. Las entradas 424, 444 y 464 de señal están acopladas a las respectivas salidas 434, 454 y 474 de señal en el microcontrolador IC2 400, como se describe a continuación. En esencia, cuando una onda cuadrada de alta frecuencia incide en una entrada de señal respectiva, ICI 380 conmuta la corriente a través de un nodo respectivo con la frecuencia y ciclo de trabajo idénticos. Por lo tanto, en funcionamiento, los estados de las entradas 424, 444 y 464 de señal se correlacionan directamente con la apertura y el cierre del circuito de energía a través de los respectivos conjuntos 120, 140 y 160 de LED.
La estructura y el funcionamiento del microcontrolador IC2 400 se describirán a continuación. El microcontrolador IC2 400 es preferiblemente un PIC16C63 de marca MICROCHIP, aunque casi cualquier microcontrolador o microprocesador programado adecuadamente puede realizar las funciones de software descritas aquí. La función principal del microcontrolador IC2 400 es convertir los datos numéricos recibidos en el pin 520 Rx en tres ondas cuadradas de alta frecuencia independientes de frecuencia uniforme, pero con ciclos de trabajo independientes en los pines 434, 454 y 474 de salida de señal. La representación de la Figura 2 del microcontrolador IC2 400 está parcialmente estilizada, ya que los expertos en la técnica apreciarán que algunos de los veintiocho pines estándar se han omitido o combinado para una mayor claridad.
El microcontrolador IC2 400 se alimenta a través del pin 450, que está acoplado a una fuente 700 DC de alimentación de 5 voltios. La fuente 700 es conducida preferiblemente desde el suministro 300 a través de un acoplamiento (no mostrado) que incluye un regulador de voltaje (no mostrado). Un regulador de voltaje ejemplar es el regulador positivo de 3 terminales LM340, disponible en National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Las enseñanzas de la hoja de datos LM340 se incorporan aquí como referencia. Los expertos en la materia apreciarán que la mayoría de los microcontroladores, y muchos otros circuitos integrados digitales con alimentación independiente, están clasificados para no más de una fuente de energía de 5 voltios. La frecuencia del reloj del microcontrolador IC2 400 se establece mediante el cristal 480, acoplado a través de los pines apropiados. El pin 490 es la referencia de tierra del microcontrolador IC2 400.
El conmutador 600 es un conmutador DIP de doce posiciones que se puede configurar de forma ajustable y mecánica para identificar de manera única el microcontrolador IC2 400. Cuando se cierran unos de los doce conmutadores mecánicos dentro del conmutador DIP 600, se genera una ruta desde los pines 650 correspondientes en el microcontrolador IC2 400 a tierra 690. Doce conmutadores crean configuraciones posibles de 2", lo que permite que cualquier microcontrolador IC2 400 tome uno de los 4096 identificadores o direcciones diferentes. En la realización preferida, solo se usan realmente nueve conmutadores porque se emplea el protocolo DMX-512, que se discute a continuación.
Una vez que se activa el conmutador 600, el microcontrolador IC2 400 "conoce" su dirección única ("quién soy yo"), y "escucha" en la línea 520 en serial para un flujo de datos específicamente dirigido a él. Se usa un protocolo de red de alta velocidad, preferiblemente un protocolo DMX, para direccionar datos de red a cada microcontrolador IC2 400 direccionado individualmente desde un controlador de red central (no mostrado). El protocolo DMX se describe en una publicación de United States Theatre Technology, Inc. titulada "Norma de transmisión de datos digitales DMX512 / 1990 para atenuadores y controladores". Básicamente, en el protocolo de red utilizado aquí, un controlador central (no mostrado) crea una secuencia de datos de red que consiste en paquetes de datos secuenciales. Cada paquete contiene primero un encabezado, que se comprueba para la conformidad con el estándar y se descarta, seguido de una secuencia de bytes secuenciales que representan datos para los dispositivos direccionados secuencialmente. Por ejemplo, si el paquete de datos está destinado a la luz número quince, se descartarán catorce bytes de la secuencia de datos y el dispositivo guardará el byte número quince. Si como en la realización preferida, se necesita más de un byte, entonces se considera que la dirección es una dirección de inicio, y se guarda y se utiliza más de un byte. Cada byte corresponde a un número decimal de 0 a 255, que representa linealmente la intensidad deseada de Apagado a Completo. (Por simplicidad, los detalles de los paquetes de datos tales como encabezados y bits de parada se omiten de esta descripción, y los expertos en la técnica apreciarán bien). De esta forma, a cada uno de los tres colores LED se le asigna un valor de intensidad discreta entre 0 y 255. Estos valores de intensidad respectivos se almacenan en registros respectivos dentro de la memoria del microcontrolador IC2 400 (no mostrado). Una vez que el controlador central agota todos los paquetes
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de datos, comienza de nuevo en un ciclo de actualización continua. La norma define que el ciclo nuevo es de al menos 1196 microsegundos y un máximo de 1 segundo.
El microcontrolador IC2 400 está programado continuamente para "escuchar" su flujo de datos. Cuando el microcontrolador IC2 400 está "escuchando", pero antes de detectar un paquete de datos destinado a él, ejecuta una rutina diseñada para crear las señales de salida de onda cuadrada en los pines 434, 454 y 474. Los valores en los registros de color determinan el ciclo de trabajo de la onda cuadrada. Como cada registro puede tomar un valor de 0 a 255, estos valores crean 256 posibles ciclos de trabajo diferentes en un rango lineal de 0% a 100%. Como la frecuencia de onda cuadrada es uniforme y está determinada por el programa que se ejecuta en el microcontrolador IC2400, estos diferentes ciclos de trabajo discretos representan variaciones en el ancho de los pulsos de onda cuadrada. Esto se conoce como modulación por ancho de pulsos (PWM).
La rutina de interrupción PWM se implementa utilizando un contador simple, que se incrementa de 0 a 255 en un ciclo durante cada período de la salida de onda cuadrada en los pines 434, 454 y 474. Cuando el contador pasa a cero, las tres señales se establecen en alto. Una vez que el contador es igual al valor de registro, la salida de señal cambia a baja. Cuando el microcontrolador IC2 400 recibe datos nuevos, congela el contador, copia los nuevos datos en los registros de trabajo, compara los nuevos valores de registro con el recuento de la corriente y actualiza los pines de salida en consecuencia, y luego reinicia el contador exactamente donde lo dejó. Por lo tanto, los valores de intensidad se pueden actualizar en el medio del ciclo PWM. Congelar el contador y actualizar simultáneamente las salidas de señal tiene al menos dos ventajas. En primer lugar, permite que cada unidad de iluminación pulso/estroboscópico rápidamente como lo hace una luz estroboscópica. Tal estroboscopia ocurre cuando el controlador central envía datos de red que tienen valores de alta intensidad alternativamente con datos de red que tienen valores de intensidad cero a una velocidad rápida. Si uno reinicia el contador sin actualizar primero las salidas de señal, entonces el ojo humano podría percibir la desactivación escalonada de cada LED de color individual que se configura con un ancho de pulsos diferente. Esta característica no es de interés en las luces incandescentes debido al efecto de integración asociado con el ciclo de calentamiento y enfriamiento del elemento de iluminación.
Los LED, a diferencia de los elementos incandescentes, se activan y desactivan de forma esencialmente instantánea en la presente solicitud. La segunda ventaja es que uno puede "atenuar" los LED sin el parpadeo que de otro modo ocurriría si el contador se reiniciara a cero. El controlador central puede enviar una señal de atenuación continua cuando crea una secuencia de valores de intensidad que representa una disminución uniforme y proporcional de la intensidad de la luz para cada LED de color. Si no se actualizan las señales de salida antes de reiniciar el contador, existe la posibilidad de que un LED de un solo color pase por casi dos ciclos sin experimentar el estado de corriente cero de su ciclo de trabajo. Por ejemplo, suponga que el registro rojo está configurado en 4 y el contador está configurado en 3 cuando está congelado. Aquí, el contador se congela justo antes de que ocurra la "parte no conectada" del ciclo PWM para los LED rojos. Ahora suponga que los datos de la red cambian el valor en el registro rojo de 4 a 2 y el contador se reinicia sin desactivar la señal de salida. Aunque el contador es mayor que el valor de intensidad en el registro rojo, el estado de salida todavía está "encendido", lo que significa que la corriente máxima sigue fluyendo a través de los LED rojos. Mientras tanto, los LED azules y verdes probablemente se apagarán en el momento apropiado en el ciclo PWM. Esto sería percibido por el ojo humano como un parpadeo rojo en el curso de atenuar las intensidades de color. Congelar el contador y actualizar la salida para el resto del ciclo de PWM supera estas desventajas, asegurando que el parpadeo no ocurra.
Ahora se describirá la interfaz de red para el microcontrolador IC2 400. Los conectores 800 y 900 son conectores de red estándar RJ-8. El conector 800 se utiliza como un conector de entrada, y se muestra por simplicidad ya que tiene solo tres entradas: entradas 860, 870 de señal y de tierra 850. Los datos de red ingresan al conector 800 y pasan a través de las entradas 860, 870 de señal. Estas entradas de señal se acoplan luego a IC3 500, que es un repetidor de bus diferencial RS-485/RS-422 del tipo estándar, preferiblemente un DS96177 de National Semiconductor Corporation, Santa Clara, California. Las enseñanzas de la hoja de datos DS96177 se incorporan aquí como referencia. Las entradas 860, 870 de señal ingresan IC3 500 en los pines 560, 570. La señal de datos se pasa desde el pin 510 al pin 520 en el microcontrolador IC2 400. La misma señal de datos se devuelve desde el pin540 en IC2 400 al pin 530 en IC3 500. El conector 900 se utiliza como una toma de salida y se muestra por simplicidad ya que tiene solo cinco salidas: salidas 960, 970, 980, 990 de señal y de tierra 950. Las salidas 960 y 970 se dividen directamente desde las líneas de entrada 860 y 870, respectivamente. Las salidas 980 y 990 provienen directamente de IC3 500 pines 580 y 590, respectivamente. Se apreciará que el ensamblaje anterior permite conectar dos nodos de red para recibir los datos de red. Por lo tanto, una red se puede construir como una conexión en cadena, si solo se unen nodos individuales, o como un árbol binario, si se conectan dos nodos a la salida de cada nodo individual.
A partir de la descripción anterior, se puede ver que se puede construir una red direccionable de unidades de visualización o iluminación LED a partir de una colección de módulos de energía cada uno conectado a un módulo de luz respectivo. Siempre que se utilicen al menos dos LEDs de color primario, cualquier iluminación o color de la pantalla se puede generar simplemente preseleccionando la intensidad de luz que emite cada LED de color.
Además, cada LED de color puede emitir luz en cualquiera de 255 intensidades diferentes, dependiendo del ciclo de trabajo de la onda cuadrada PWM, con un pulso de intensidad extra generado al pasar la corriente máxima a través del LED. Además, la intensidad máxima se puede programar cómodamente simplemente ajustando el techo para la
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corriente máxima admisible usando resistencias de programación para los reguladores de corriente que residen en el módulo de luz. Los módulos de luz de diferentes clasificaciones de corriente máxima pueden intercambiarse convenientemente.
La realización anterior puede residir en cualquier cantidad de carcasas diferentes. Se describe una carcasa preferida para una unidad de iluminación. Volviendo ahora a la figura 3, se muestra una vista en despiece ordenado de una unidad de iluminación de la presente invención que comprende una sección 10 del cuerpo sustancialmente cilíndrica, un módulo 20 de luz, un manguito 30 conductor, un módulo 40 de energía, un segundo manguito 50 conductor y una placa 60 de cerramiento. Aquí se debe asumir que el módulo 20 de luz y el módulo 40 de energía contienen la estructura eléctrica y el software del módulo 100 de luz y el módulo 200 de energía, descritos anteriormente. Los tornillos 62, 64, 66, 68 permiten que todo el aparato se conecte mecánicamente. La sección 10 del cuerpo, los manguitos conductores 30 y 50 y la placa 60 de caja están hechas preferiblemente de un material que conduce calor, más preferiblemente aluminio. El cuerpo, de la sección 10 tiene un extremo abierto, una porción interior reflectante y un extremo de iluminación, al cual el módulo 20 está fijado mecánicamente. El módulo 20 de luz tiene forma de disco y tiene dos lados. El lado de iluminación (no mostrado) comprende una pluralidad de LEDs de diferentes colores primarios. El lado de conexión contiene un ensamblaje 22 de conector eléctrico de pin macho.
Tanto el lado de iluminación como el lado de conexión están recubiertos con superficies de aluminio para permitir mejor la conducción de calor hacia el exterior desde la pluralidad de LEDs a la sección 10 del cuerpo. Asimismo, el módulo 40 de energía tiene forma de disco y tiene todas las superficies disponibles cubiertas con aluminio por la misma razón. El módulo 40 de energía tiene un lado de conexión que sostiene un conector eléctrico, un ensamblaje 44 de pin hembra de adaptado para ajustarse a los pines del ensamblaje 22. El módulo 40 de energía tiene un lado del terminal de energía que tiene un terminal 42 para la conexión a una fuente de energía de DC. Se puede usar cualquier toma estándar de AC o DC, según sea apropiado.
Interpuesto entre el módulo 20 de luz y el módulo 40 de energía hay un manguito 30 de aluminio conductor, que encierra sustancialmente el espacio entre los módulos 20 y 40. Como se muestra, una placa 60 de caja en forma de disco y tornillos 62, 64, 66 y 68 sellan todos los componentes juntos, y el manguito 50 conductor se interpone así entre la placa 60 de caja y el módulo 40 de energía. Una vez sellados juntos como una unidad, el aparato de iluminación puede conectarse a una red de datos como se describió anteriormente y montarse de cualquier manera conveniente para iluminar un área. En funcionamiento, preferiblemente se insertará un medio de difusión de luz en la sección 10 del cuerpo para asegurar que los LED en el módulo 20 de luz parezcan emitir una sola frecuencia uniforme de luz.
A partir de lo anterior, se apreciará que el control de corriente PWM de los LED para producir múltiples colores puede incorporarse en innumerables entornos, con o sin redes. Por ejemplo, la Figura 8 muestra que se puede hacer que una linterna de mano haga brillar cualquier color concebible usando un ensamblaje de LED de la presente invención. La linterna contiene un medio 5 de ajuste externo, que puede ser, por ejemplo, un conjunto de tres potenciómetros acoplados a un microcontrolador programado adecuadamente a través de los respectivos medios 15 de conversión A/D. Cada potenciómetro controlaría el ciclo de trabajo de corriente, y por lo tanto la intensidad de iluminación, de un LED de color individual en la placa 25 LED. Con tres configuraciones, cada una capaz de generar un byte diferente de 0 a 255, una linterna controlada por ordenador puede generar color de veinticuatro bits. Por supuesto, se pueden incorporar tres potenciómetros individuales en un solo dispositivo, como una bola de seguimiento o una palanca de mando, para poder operar como un solo ajustador. Además, no es necesario que los medios de ajuste sean un potenciómetro. Por ejemplo, una placa de pulgar capacitiva o resistiva también se puede usar para programar los dos o tres registros necesarios para establecer el color. Una realización no sujeta a la mano de la presente invención se puede usar como una luz de piscina subacuática. Dado que la presente invención puede funcionar a voltajes relativamente bajos y a baja corriente, es especialmente adecuada para una operación segura bajo el agua.
De manera similar, la presente invención se puede usar como un indicador general de cualquier condición ambiental dada. La Figura 9 muestra el diagrama de bloques funcionales generales para dicho aparato. En la Figura 9 se muestra también un gráfico de ejemplo que muestra los ciclos de trabajo de los tres LED de color durante un período ejemplar. Como un ejemplo de un indicador ambiental, el módulo de energía se puede acoplar a un inclinómetro. El inclinómetro mide la orientación angular general con respecto al centro de gravedad de la tierra. La señal del ángulo del inclinómetro se puede convertir a través de un convertidor A/D y se puede conectar a las entradas de datos del microcontrolador en el módulo de energía. El microcontrolador puede entonces programarse para asignar a cada orientación angular discreta un color diferente a través de una tabla de búsqueda que asocia ángulos con valores de registro de color LED. El "inclinómetro de color" puede usarse con fines de seguridad, como en las cabinas de los aviones, o como novedad, como para iluminar las velas de un velero que se balancea en el agua. Otro uso del indicador es proporcionar una indicación de temperatura visual fácilmente legible. Por ejemplo, se puede conectar un termómetro digital para proporcionar al microcontrolador una lectura de temperatura. Cada temperatura se asociará con un conjunto particular de valores de registro y, por lo tanto, una salida de color particular. Una pluralidad de tales "termómetros de color" se pueden ubicar sobre un espacio grande, tal como un congelador de almacenamiento, para permitir la inspección visual simple de la temperatura en tres dimensiones.
Otro uso de la presente invención es como una bombilla. Usando un rectificador apropiado y medios de transformación de voltaje, los módulos completos de energía y luz se pueden colocar en un montaje de carcasa de bombilla de Edison (tipo tornillo). Cada foco puede programarse con valores de registro particulares para entregar un foco de color particular, incluido el blanco. El regulador de corriente puede preprogramarse para proporcionar la 5 clasificación de corriente deseada y, por lo tanto, preestablecer la intensidad de la luz. Naturalmente, la bombilla puede tener una sección transparente o translúcida que permite el paso de la luz al ambiente.
Aunque lo anterior ha sido una descripción detallada de la realización preferida de la invención, las reivindicaciones que siguen definen más libremente el alcance de la invención al que tiene derecho el solicitante.
10
Claims (6)
- 5101520253035404550556065REIVINDICACIONES1. Un aparato de iluminación para proporcionar luz visible, comprendiendo el aparato de iluminación:una sección (10) del cuerpo que tiene un extremo abierto, una parte interior reflectante y un extremo de iluminación; un módulo (20) de luz fijado mecánicamente al extremo de iluminación de la sección (10) del cuerpo, comprendiendo el módulo (20) de luz:una pluralidad de LEDs (120, 140, 160) de al menos dos colores diferentes adaptados para acoplarse a una fuente (300) de energía y a una referencia (390) de potencial común, comprendiendo la pluralidad de LEDs (120, 140, 160):al menos un primer LED (120) configurado para generar la primera radiación que tiene un primer espectro correspondiente a un primer color primario; yal menos un segundo LED (140) configurado para generar una segunda radiación que tiene un segundo espectro correspondiente a un segundo color primario diferente del primer color primario;un disipador (380) de corriente interpuesto entre la pluralidad de LEDs y la referencia (390) de potencial común, comprendiendo el disipador (380) de corriente al menos dos conmutadores correspondientes a las trayectorias (324, 344, 364) de corriente respectivas de al menos dos diferentes LEDs (120, 140, 160) de color; yun controlador (400) que comprende:medios de control para abrir y cerrar de forma periódica e independiente los al menos dos conmutadores a alta frecuencia y para generar un ciclo de trabajo de ese modo;ymedios de programación acoplados a los medios de control para programar respectivos ciclos de trabajo para cada color de al menos dos LEDs de colores diferentes, comprendiendo los medios de programación un primer registro para almacenar al menos un primer valor de intensidad que representa un primer ciclo de trabajo para al menos un primer LED (120); y un segundo registro para almacenar al menos un segundo valor de intensidad que representa un segundo ciclo de trabajo para al menos un segundo LED (140); yun difusor insertado en la sección (10) del cuerpo y configurado para asegurar que la pluralidad de LEDs en el módulo de luz parece emitir una sola frecuencia uniforme de luz; caracterizado porque los respectivos ciclos de trabajo para cada color están programados de manera que el aparato de iluminación puede proporcionar un color particular de luz visible, incluida la luz blanca.
- 2. El aparato de iluminación de la reivindicación 1, que comprende además al menos una interfaz de usuario acoplada al controlador (400), en donde el controlador (400) responde a una operación de usuario de al menos una interfaz de usuario cambiando al menos uno de los respectivos ciclos de trabajo para los al menos dos LED (120, 140, 160) de colores diferentes a fin de variar el color particular en el espectro visible proporcionado por el aparato.
- 3. El aparato de iluminación de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, que comprende además al menos una conexión de energía acoplada al controlador (400), el al menos una conexión de energía configurada para acoplarse mecánicamente y eléctricamente con un enchufe de luz convencional.
- 4. El aparato de iluminación de la reivindicación 3, que comprende además medios de transformación de rectificador y voltaje acoplados a al menos una conexión de energía.
- 5. Una red de iluminación que comprende: un controlador de red central;un primer aparato de iluminación de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 o 4; y un segundo aparato de iluminación de acuerdo con cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 o 4,en donde el primer aparato de iluminación y el segundo aparato de iluminación están dispuestos como una cadena lineal de nodos; y en dondeel controlador del primer aparato de iluminación y el controlador del segundo aparato de iluminación reciben cada uno datos de iluminación del controlador de red central para cambiar externamente al menos uno de los ciclos de trabajo para los al menos dos LED (120,140,160) de colores diferentes del primero y/o el segundo aparato de iluminación para variar el color particular del espectro visible proporcionado por el primer y/o segundo aparato de iluminación en base a los datos de iluminación recibidos.
- 6. La red de iluminación de la reivindicación 5, en la que el primer aparato de iluminación tiene al menos una primera dirección de red, y el segundo aparato de iluminación tiene al menos una segunda dirección de red diferente de al menos una primera dirección de red.
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- 1998-08-26 EP EP01130297.3A patent/EP1195740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-08-26 JP JP2000508102A patent/JP2001514432A/ja active Pending
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JP4230236B2 (ja) | 2009-02-25 |
EP1195740A3 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
JP2001514432A (ja) | 2001-09-11 |
JP2004006253A (ja) | 2004-01-08 |
ATE222013T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
US6150774A (en) | 2000-11-21 |
EP1016062B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
HK1046056A1 (zh) | 2002-12-20 |
WO1999010867A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
EP1016062A1 (en) | 2000-07-05 |
DE69807092T2 (de) | 2003-05-08 |
CA2302227A1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
ES2182358T5 (es) | 2015-12-02 |
EP1195740B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
EP1195740A2 (en) | 2002-04-10 |
DE69807092D1 (de) | 2002-09-12 |
ES2182358T3 (es) | 2003-03-01 |
CA2302227C (en) | 2004-07-27 |
DE69807092T3 (de) | 2015-11-12 |
US6166496A (en) | 2000-12-26 |
US6016038A (en) | 2000-01-18 |
AU757000B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
EP1016062B1 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
HK1025416A1 (en) | 2000-11-10 |
AU9206098A (en) | 1999-03-16 |
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