EP2176481B1 - Dispositif de fixation d'un véhicule automobile pour bloquer une pièce de véhicule automobile déplaçable - Google Patents

Dispositif de fixation d'un véhicule automobile pour bloquer une pièce de véhicule automobile déplaçable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2176481B1
EP2176481B1 EP08774933.9A EP08774933A EP2176481B1 EP 2176481 B1 EP2176481 B1 EP 2176481B1 EP 08774933 A EP08774933 A EP 08774933A EP 2176481 B1 EP2176481 B1 EP 2176481B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
friction
motor vehicle
locking device
frictional
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08774933.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2176481A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Scheck
Alwin Macht
Hans-Ullrich Karsch
Steffen Brosius
Sebastian Heinze
Andre Schade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG filed Critical Brose Fahrzeugteile SE and Co KG
Publication of EP2176481A1 publication Critical patent/EP2176481A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2176481B1 publication Critical patent/EP2176481B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/08—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/081—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with both radial and axial friction, e.g. conical friction surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/02—Lubricating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/08—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/087—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with substantially axial friction, e.g. friction disks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/08—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D2011/088—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with automatic disengagement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/21—Brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/218—Holders
    • E05Y2201/22—Locks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/23—Actuation thereof
    • E05Y2201/232—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means
    • E05Y2201/236—Actuation thereof by automatically acting means using force or torque
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/25—Mechanical means for force or torque adjustment therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
    • E05Y2201/26—Mechanical friction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
    • E05Y2201/266—Type of motion, e.g. braking rotary
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/47—Springs
    • E05Y2201/474—Compression springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/10—Additional functions
    • E05Y2800/108—Lubrication
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/531—Doors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking device of a motor vehicle for locking a displaceable, in particular pivotable or foldable or displaceable, vehicle part which is displaceable with respect to a structural assembly of a motor vehicle and by means of the locking device (continuously) in a respective displaced state can be locked, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a locking device comprises a first (structure-side) friction element and a second, the movable motor vehicle part associated friction element which is moved relative to the first friction element during a displacement of the motor vehicle part and thereby slides (under sliding friction conditions) with a friction surface along a friction surface of the first friction element and in a rest position of the displaced motor vehicle part with its friction surface (under static friction conditions) frictionally rests against the friction surface of the first friction element.
  • the stepless lockability of the displaceable motor vehicle part by the associated locking device need not necessarily be provided in the entire, maximum possible adjustment range of the corresponding motor vehicle part. So it may well be sufficient if - depending on the specific application - a movable motor vehicle part can only be locked in a partial area of its maximum adjustment range by means of the locking device in a respective displaced position.
  • the area in which the locking device is effective is also referred to herein as a displacement area.
  • the motor vehicle part which can be locked in the displaced state can be, for example, a motor vehicle door (side or rear door) or a closure flap (front or tailgate) of a motor vehicle, which can be folded away from the motor vehicle structure, e.g. B. in the case of a motor vehicle door to allow access to the vehicle interior or in the case of a shutter access to the vehicle engine or a trunk.
  • a locking device on the one hand ensures sufficient ease of a movable motor vehicle part, such as a vehicle door, when opening or closing, but on the other hand, the corresponding motor vehicle part in a respective displaced state so securely locked that even stronger gusts or the like. not lead to further relocation.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem, a locking device of the type mentioned in terms of ease of use and at the same time to improve a secure locking a displaced motor vehicle part on.
  • the two friction elements are braced against each other, so that their friction surfaces under the action of the bias tend to be against each other are pressed, wherein a friction element along the effective direction of the biasing force is mounted trackable with respect to the other friction element.
  • the friction surfaces of the two friction elements is associated with a flowable additional medium, which can pass with its friction surface along the friction surface of the first friction between these friction surfaces in order to reduce the sliding friction, in particular so that the ratio of static friction to sliding friction , is substantially increased compared to a dry operation of the device (without additional medium).
  • the second friction element is coupled to the displaceable motor vehicle part via a coupling mechanism such that it is rotated (about an axis) during displacement of the motor vehicle part.
  • the second friction element is substantially non-rotatable (except for an optionally required angular play, for example caused by an elastic bearing), thus co-rotating, arranged on a shaft which is rotated as part of a coupling mechanism between the displaceable motor vehicle part and the second friction element during a displacement of the motor vehicle part, wherein the biasing force acts along the direction of extension of the shaft and the second friction element is movably supported along the shaft along that direction, for example via a tongue-and-groove connection or other form-fitting connections, although a (limited) longitudinal movement of the second friction element along the shaft allow, but not a free rotational movement of the friction element about the shaft axis.
  • the friction surfaces of the two friction elements are inclined at an acute angle or conical to the effective direction of the biasing force and wherein at least one guide channel is provided on one of the friction elements, via which the flowable additional medium between the mutually associated friction surfaces can be brought, wherein the at least one guide channel extends substantially along the direction of action of the bias, but - according to the inclination of the friction surface of the guide channel having friction element - is inclined to that direction.
  • the guide channels can eg by recessed structures of the friction element be formed.
  • a friction surface of a friction element consist of a plurality of spherical portions, which form at the points where they meet each other, channels.
  • a knob-like surface structure of a friction member and / or grooves, grooves or the like extended along a straining direction of the friction members and / or helical grooves, grooves or the like may be provided on the friction member, and so forth.
  • Suitable additional or intermediate medium are oil, in particular oils, which do not impair a plastic which may be used for a friction surface (by etching, swelling or the like), as well as emulsions and dispersions based on oil and furthermore pasty lubricants, such as, for example, fat ,
  • a concrete example of an additional medium is fluorosilicone base oil with ester additives.
  • the additional or intermediate medium is advantageously received in a housing which - as described in more detail below - further serves to accommodate the at least two friction elements, in particular housing-fixed friction elements can be provided.
  • fat scavengers such as wipers, may be provided to transport the grease to the surfaces to be lubricated, in particular the friction surfaces of the friction elements.
  • At least one of the friction elements is suitable for storing the additional or intermediate medium, for example by using a material in whose molecular structure the medium can be stored, or the use of a porous material in which Capillary structure, the medium can be stored. Furthermore, at least one friction element, in particular the second friction element, in its interior a reservoir for the additional or intermediate medium and also be provided with an open-cell capillary structure.
  • the two friction elements By the biasing force, which can be applied for example by an elastic element, by magnets or by the weight of the movable motor vehicle part or other vehicle component, the two friction elements with their friction surfaces selectively braced against each other that using the different strength of a sliding friction on the one hand and a static stiction on the other hand - depending on the materials used for the friction surfaces of the friction - on the one hand as smooth as possible displacement of the said motor vehicle part (under the action of a sliding friction on the locking device) is made possible and on the other hand, the locking device, the motor vehicle part in a displaced position locked as securely as possible (under the effect of static friction on the locking device).
  • the respective material for the mutually cooperating friction surfaces of the two friction elements is thus selected such that the static static friction between the friction surfaces of mutually associated friction is substantially greater than the sliding friction, on the one hand to allow ease of movement of the motor vehicle part and on the other hand its secure locking in a displaced position ,
  • different material pairings for the cooperating friction surfaces of the locking device available which can also be combined with a flowable additional or intermediate medium.
  • the ratio of static friction to sliding friction is at least 3, in particular between 5 and 10, or is at least 10.
  • a friction element is in particular mounted so along the effective direction of the biasing force movable relative to the other friction element, that the friction element under the action of the biasing force to generate largely constant friction conditions can be automatically tracked.
  • suitable guide means can be provided for a defined guidance of the one friction element along the effective direction of the pretensioning force.
  • an elastic element for example in the form of a spring (compression or tension spring, spiral spring) are used, which acts on at least one of the two friction elements.
  • suitable springs are screw and disc springs and a rubber-elastic element.
  • magnetic forces can be used to generate the biasing force, such as a friction element consists at least partially of a magnetic material, for example of a plastic-bonded magnet or connected to an element of such material and the other friction element at least partially a material which generates magnetic flux generated by the magnetic material or is connected to an element made of such material.
  • weight forces such as the weight of the displaceable vehicle part itself, for generating a biasing force can be used with which the two friction elements are braced against each other.
  • a housing in which the two friction elements are arranged in particular one of the two friction elements fixed to the housing and the other Friction element can be arranged so movable relative to the housing, that the two friction elements during displacement of the associated motor vehicle part are relatively movable and their friction surfaces slide against each other.
  • the housing may, for example, be arranged on the vehicle structure side, while the friction element movable relative to the housing is assigned to the displaceable motor vehicle part.
  • the housing-fixed arrangement of a friction element does not mean that the corresponding friction element must necessarily be arranged rigidly on the housing; Rather, a game-afflicted or elastic arrangement may be provided on the housing, for example to allow tracking under the action of the bias of the elastic element.
  • the additional medium is received in a housing in which the friction elements are provided. This housing is then sealed against leakage of the additional medium. Furthermore, a closed space for the additional medium can be formed between a wall of the housing and the second friction element.
  • a wrap spring as a second friction element this also takes over the generation of the required biasing force, so that can be dispensed with separate means for generating that bias.
  • a plurality of friction elements can be provided, which interact in pairs via mutually associated friction surfaces. For this purpose, at least two pairs of friction surfaces along different, in particular opposite, directions can be braced against each other.
  • definable, specifiable gear ratios can be produced, in particular for increasing the speed of movement of the second friction element, and / or structurally related distances between an output element of the displaceable one Motor vehicle part and the second friction element are bridged, and / or there may be a deflection of the direction of movement of the second friction element relative to a triggering displacement (deflection movement) of the associated motor vehicle part.
  • a locking device designed according to the invention can also be used for locking a plurality of other motor vehicle parts, such.
  • B. a (manually) adjustable load compartment floor or a (manually) adjustable blinds, which has an elastically biased winding device and which should be detectable in different developed by the winding device positions.
  • Another application relates to the use of a locking device according to the invention as an inhibiting device in (electric) drives, z. As for windows, seat adjustments, door adjustments, loading floor adjustments, etc.
  • the locking device according to the invention can thus be applied to (arbitrary) motor vehicle parts which are displaceable by movement and which are to be locked in a certain displaced position.
  • the structural assembly of the motor vehicle with respect to which the motor vehicle part is to be displaced or the structural assembly of the motor vehicle with respect to which the first friction element which is not movable together with the displaceable motor vehicle part need not necessarily be a component of the motor vehicle body. Rather, this can generally be a basis, for.
  • a structure-side arrangement of the first friction element does not necessarily mean that that friction element must be rigidly fixed to the corresponding structural assembly of the motor vehicle. Rather, for example, a resilient storage or be provided along the bias of an elastic element limited movable storage.
  • the dimensioning ie the selected size of the friction surfaces of the two friction elements, a possible wedge angle of the friction surfaces and the biasing force exerted on the second friction element, as well as the material selection of the cooperating Reib vomclame and the flowable intermediate medium is carried out depending on the technical requirements in each case , ie, depending on hydrodynamic conditions as well as permissible surface pressures and wear parameters.
  • FIG. 8a shows a section of the lateral vehicle structure (body K) of a motor vehicle, which together with the roof area D of the motor vehicle defines and encloses a door opening O, through which a passenger can enter the interior of the motor vehicle.
  • a displaceable or deflectable motor vehicle part in the form of a hinged side door S is provided, which in FIG. 8a is shown in partially folded position.
  • the folding down of a side door S of a motor vehicle from the vehicle structure K into a partially folded-down position takes place, for example, regularly when a third vehicle is parked next to the motor vehicle, so that the side door S can not be opened arbitrarily wide without colliding with the third vehicle.
  • locking devices are provided with which a side door S can be locked in a partially unfolded position.
  • the aim is to make such a locking device so that on the one hand allows a reliable locking of a motor vehicle door in partially unfolded position, but at the same time does not affect a desired ease of movement of the vehicle door when opening and closing.
  • Different embodiments of locking devices, with which this goal can be achieved, are described below with reference to the FIGS. 1 a to 5 to be discribed.
  • locking devices of the type mentioned can be provided not only in side doors of a motor vehicle but also, for example, in a tailgate H provided at the rear side R of a motor vehicle and serving to close a cargo space L.
  • Further possible fields of use are trunk flaps, engine flaps, sliding doors, adjustable loading floors, roller blinds and other vehicle parts which are displaceable (deflectable) relative to a structural subassembly of the crane vehicle.
  • deflectable motor vehicle parts in each case, wherein in particular pivotable (hinged) but also displaceable motor vehicle parts should be included.
  • FIG. 1 a shows in a cross section a first embodiment of a locking device, by means of a deflectable motor vehicle part, such as a side door according to FIG. 8a or a tailgate according to FIG. 8b or a sliding door, in partially deflected position is lockable.
  • a deflectable motor vehicle part such as a side door according to FIG. 8a or a tailgate according to FIG. 8b or a sliding door
  • the locking device comprises a housing 5 with a housing lower part 51 and a housing upper part 52, which are fastened to each other by suitable fastening means, for example in the form of screws or rivets.
  • suitable fastening means for example in the form of screws or rivets.
  • two friction elements 1, 2 are arranged, the mutually facing friction surfaces 10, 20 are engageable with each other to be able to lock by the thereby acting (static) static friction a deflectable motor vehicle part continuously in partially deflected position.
  • the first friction element 1 is formed by a portion of the inner wall of the housing 5, more precisely a portion of the inner wall of the housing base 51, which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to a housing axis A and the one to the housing bottom of the housing base 51 conically tapered friction surface 10 of the first friction element first defines or forms.
  • the first friction element 1 is fixed to the housing by its with respect to the housing axis A rotationally symmetrical, conically tapered friction surface 10 forms an immediate part of an annular circumferential inner side wall of the housing 5.
  • a housing-fixed first friction element for example, also be realized in that a separate from the inner wall of the housing friction element is fixed in the interior of the housing.
  • the (disk-shaped) second friction element 2 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 3, which is rotatably mounted at its two ends 31, 32 in an associated bearing 53 and 54 of the housing 5 and the axis of rotation A coincides with the housing axis, with respect to the first friction element 1 is rotationally symmetrical.
  • the second friction element 2 is also (apart from structuring its friction surface) substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to that axis A and tapers - as well as the first friction element 1 - to the (bottom of the housing 51 provided) housing bottom.
  • the second friction element 2 defines on its outer circumference a conical friction surface 20 which lies opposite the conical friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 and can be brought into frictional engagement therewith.
  • an elastic element 4 in the form of a spring, more precisely designed as a compression spring coil spring is provided, which surrounds the shaft 3 and on the one hand to a widened end portion 32 of the shaft 3 and on the other hand on the second friction element 2 is supported, in such a way that it has the tendency to clamp the second friction element 2 against the first friction element 1 and thereby bring the two friction surfaces 10, 20 with each other.
  • the effective direction R of the prestressed elastic element 4 applied forces or bias is such that it extends along the shaft 3 and the axis A and the second friction element 2 along that direction R against the first friction element. 1 braced.
  • the form-fitting regions 25, 35 here exemplarily form a tongue-and-groove connection with a groove 25 provided on the second friction element 2, which extends along the shaft axis A, and with an associated groove projecting outwardly into the groove 25 from the shaft 3 Spring 35 in the form of a projection.
  • the form-locking region 35 projecting outward from the shaft 3 in the form of a spring engages in the associated form-fit region 25 in the form of a groove of the second friction element 2 such that the second friction element 2-with the exception of any angular play that is present-is substantially non-rotatably mounted on the shaft 3 is supported, but can - under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 - along the axis A limited shift, the (maximum) possible extent of displacement is limited by the fact that the second friction element 2 under the effect of the bias of the elastic Element 4 is pressed with its friction surface 20 against the associated friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1.
  • the second friction element 2 can be tracked (automatically) under the action of the prestressing of the elastic element 4 so that it is always defined with the associated friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1, even after a long period of operation of the locking device and associated wear is in an attack.
  • the tracking takes place automatically under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 and taking advantage of the axial displaceability of the second friction element 2 along the shaft.
  • the material for the friction surfaces 10, 20 of the two friction elements 1, 2 is to be chosen so that the two friction surfaces 10, 20, when they are under the action of the bias of the elastic element 4 with each other engaged, generate a sufficiently large static friction, to be able to lock by means of the locking device partially deflected with respect to the vehicle structure motor vehicle part in its deflected position.
  • Suitable material combinations for the two friction surfaces 10, 20 have already been given above. In the present case, it can be assumed by way of example that the two friction surfaces 10, 20 each consist of POM (polyoxymethylene).
  • the parking brake should also allow the smoothest possible deflection of the corresponding motor vehicle part; that is, the frictional forces acting between the two friction surfaces 10, 20 of the friction elements 1, 2 should be as small as possible relative to each other during a relative movement of the two friction surfaces 10, 20.
  • the sliding friction acting between the two friction surfaces 10, 20 during a relative movement should be significantly lower, if possible by a multiple less than the (static) static friction between the two Friction surfaces 10, 20 acts when the second friction element 2 is clamped in the rest position by the elastic member 4 against the first friction element 1.
  • the shaft 3 on the one hand attack directly on a pivot axis about which a deflectable motor vehicle part is pivoted, or it may be upstream of the shaft 3, a transmission via which a deflection of the corresponding motor vehicle part is converted into a rotational movement of the shaft.
  • a transmission can then cause, for example, a defined ratio (for increased speeds of the second friction element) or also a directional deflection, for example, to be able to arrange the shaft 3 in a specific spatial direction.
  • first friction element 1 is then to be fixed in such a way with respect to the vehicle structure, that it is not taken in a deflection of the motor vehicle part to be detected.
  • This can be achieved, in particular, by the fact that the housing 5, on the inner wall of which the first friction element 1 is formed with its friction surface 10, is arranged structurally on the vehicle, for example on the frame of a vehicle door associated with the locking device.
  • a (flowable) additional or intermediate medium Z is provided, which is to be brought relative to the first friction element 1 between the mutually facing friction surfaces 10, 20 of the two friction elements 1, 2 during a movement of the second friction element and reduces the frictional forces acting.
  • a suitable oil for example, fluorosilicone base oil with ester additives may be used, specifically in combination with friction surfaces 10, 20 each made of POM.
  • the additional or intermediate medium Z in the form of a lubricant, ie consisting of a flowable material, is provided in the housing bottom 51, with a filling height such that it reaches at least as far as the underside of the second friction element 2 facing the housing bottom.
  • the channels 21 are formed as recesses (grooves or grooves) in the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2, which extend essentially along the shaft 3 or its A axis A extend, but - are inclined to that direction - according to the inclination of the friction surface 20.
  • the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 consists of a plurality along the circumferential direction of the disc-shaped friction element successively arranged spherical sections, for example, each represent a circle section whose radius r b is smaller than the radius r o of the circular path along which the convex portions arranged one behind the other.
  • guide channels 21 for the flowable additive or intermediate medium Z are formed at the locations where the spherical sections adjoin one another.
  • the type and amount of the additional medium Z to be provided is advantageously to be selected such that on the one hand the second friction element 2 does not float on it and, on the other hand, the additional medium Z can be displaced from the region of the mutually associated friction surfaces of the friction elements 1, 2, as described above; to ensure stiction at rest.
  • the static friction between the friction surfaces 10, 20 of the locking device must first be overcome for this purpose.
  • the second friction element 2 is moved with its friction surface 20 again with respect to the first friction element 1 and its friction surface 10, that is, is rotated, by means of the guide channels 21, which in the rotational movement of the second friction element 2 gradually all areas of the Sweep over the friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1, ensuring that the friction surface 10 of the first friction element 1 is continuously wetted with intermediate medium Z, then the friction surface 20 of the second friction element 2 can slide with reduced sliding friction.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modification of the embodiment FIG. 1a according to which the housing 5 is oriented in its installed position, that is to say in the position in which it is intended to be installed in a motor vehicle, such that the shaft 3 and its axis A extend horizontally, while in the case of FIG FIG. 1a Shown embodiment, the shaft 3 and the axis A in the installed position vertically, that is approximately along the vertical axis of a motor vehicle, extending.
  • the additional or intermediate medium Z does not collect exclusively in the lower housing part 51 (as in the arrangement FIG. 1a is possible), so that a sealing of the connection region between the two housing parts 51, 52 is required here.
  • the two housing parts 51, 52 are each an outwardly projecting, for example, annular circumferential, mounting flange 51 a, 52 a to each other and indeed with the interposition of a seal D between the two mounting flanges 51 a, 52 a.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further modification of the arrangement FIG. 1a in that two friction surface pairs 10, 20 and 110, 120 are provided, along which a first friction element 1 or 101 fixed to the housing and a second friction element 2 or 102 rotatable therefor cooperate.
  • the two housing-mounted friction elements 1, 101 are each formed on the inner wall of the housing 5, namely lying opposite each other, a first friction element 1 on the lower housing part 51 and the other first friction element 101 on the upper housing part 52.
  • the formed on the inner wall of the lower housing part 51 friction element it tapers conically towards the housing bottom and the friction element 101 formed on the inner wall of the housing upper part 52 tapers conically towards the upper cover surface of the housing upper part 52.
  • the two housing-mounted friction elements 1, 101 are thus substantially mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis A of the shaft 3 extending plane.
  • the housing parts 51, 52 are connected to each other via outwardly projecting mounting flanges 51 a, 52 a, two second friction elements 2, 102 each associated with one of the first friction elements 1, 101 and its friction surface 10, 110 formed on the inner wall of the housing 5.
  • the second friction element 2 assigned to the housing lower part-side first friction element 1 is the same as in the case of FIGS. 1a and 2 , about one in FIG. 3 schematically indicated tongue and groove connection V rotatably fixed to the projecting into the housing 5 shaft 3 while axially displaceable along the shaft 3 and its axis A.
  • both second friction elements 2, 102 each have on the outer circumference a conically tapered friction surface 20 and 120, which is frictionally engageable with the respective associated friction surface 10, 110 of the associated first friction element 1 and 101, respectively.
  • at least one elastic element in the form of a compression spring is arranged between the two second friction elements 2, 102, which tends to separate the two second friction elements 2, 102 along the shaft 3 or its axis A in opposite directions R1, R2 Press that each of the two second friction elements 2, 102 is pressed with its friction surface 20 and 120 against the friction surface 10 and 110 of the associated first friction element 1, 101.
  • housing-part-side second friction element 2 An axial displaceability of the housing-part-side second friction element 2 is ensured by the longitudinally movable mounting on the shaft 3.
  • the other, housing shell-side second friction element 102 is in contrast rigidly connected to the shaft 3, wherein here a mobility along the shaft axis A z. It can thereby be made possible that the shaft 3 is mounted movably in the axial direction on the housing 5.
  • the housing upper side friction surface pair 110, 120 are in permanent engagement.
  • FIG. 4 shows in a non-inventive example, a modification of the embodiment FIG. 1 with three housing-fixed first friction elements 1a, 1b, 1c and two rotatably arranged on the shaft 3 second friction elements 2a, 2b, wherein the first and second friction elements 1 a, 1 b, 1 c; 2a, 2b alternately along the shaft 3 and whose axis A are arranged one behind the other.
  • the outer circumferential surfaces of the disk-shaped friction elements 1a, 1b, 1c do not serve as friction surfaces; 2a, 2b, but rather their upper and lower sides 10a, 10b, 10c; 20a, 20b, so that a plurality of friction surface pairings 10a, 20a; 20a, 10b; 10b, 20b; 20b, 10c results, on which in each case a friction surface 10a, 10b, 10c of a housing-fixed first friction element 1a, 1b, 1c on a friction surface 20a, 20b of a co-rotating on the shaft 3 mounted second friction element 2a, 2b is applied, namely under the action of Preload at least one elastic element 4 in the form of a compression spring, which is supported on the one hand on the housing 5, in particular its top surface, and on the other hand on a housing-fixed -but, however, movable in the axial direction - friction element 1c.
  • housing-mounted friction elements 1 a, 1 b, 1 c formed as part of an inner housing wall, namely the housing bottom, while the other two housing-fixed friction elements 1b, 1c respectively along the shaft 3 and its axis A. slidably received via a tongue and groove connection V in a side wall of the housing.
  • a longitudinal mobility of the integrally formed on the shaft 3 second friction element 2a may result from the fact that the shaft 3 is mounted limited longitudinally movable in the housing 5.
  • first friction element 1a with its friction surface 10a is immovably formed in the axial direction on the housing 5, more precisely on the housing bottom. All other friction elements 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b are mounted displaceably in the axial direction, wherein the two first friction elements 1b, 1c are mounted longitudinally movably on a side wall of the housing base 51 via a tongue and groove connection V and the two second friction elements 2a , 2b are received on the shaft 3 via a respective tongue and groove connection V longitudinally movable.
  • FIG. 5 shows in a development of the example FIG. 4 a doubling of the arrangement FIG. 4 that is, one of first and second friction members 1a, 1b, 1c, respectively, on each of a lower case 51 and an upper case 52, respectively; 2a, 2b and 101a, 101b, 101c; Provided 102a, 102b existing arrangement, wherein the two Reibelementan extract be braced by means of elastic elements 4, viewed in the axial direction between the two arrangements and the two arrangements in mutually opposite directions R1 and R2 clamped so that their friction surfaces each generating a correspondingly large frictional force, in particular a stiction with resting (non-rotating) shaft 3, are pressed against each other.
  • an additional or intermediate medium Z is in each case arranged in the housing 5, which during a rotation of the second friction elements 2a, 2b and 2a, 2b; 102a, 102b via suitable channels between the abutting friction surfaces 10a, 10b, 10c; 20a, 20b and 110a, 110b, 110c; 120a, 120b of the friction elements can be guided in order to reduce the sliding friction, and the stationary shaft 3 and thus resting second friction elements 2a, 2b and 2a, 2b; 102a, 102b is pushed out of the area between the mutually facing friction surfaces by the biasing force applied by the elastic elements 4 in order to achieve a maximum static static friction and thus the greatest possible locking force of the locking device.
  • FIG. 6b are on the inner circumference of the disc-shaped friction element e along the circumferential direction a plurality of such positive-locking regions 25, in the present example, four positive-locking regions, arranged one behind the other.
  • FIG. 6c have in the circumferential direction of the disk-shaped friction element 2 in the circumferential direction successively arranged positive-locking regions 26 in cross section in each case a rounded shape and according to FIG. 6d Form-fitting regions 27 are provided, each with a triangular cross-sectional shape.
  • Figure 7a shows that in a form-fitting region 25 in the form of a groove on the inner circumference of a friction element 2, a form-fitting region 35 in the form of a wave-side, projecting from the shaft 3 or more precisely its outer surface protruding into the groove 25 and spring can protrude.
  • an opposite further groove 35 'on the outer surface of the shaft 3 may be assigned to a form-fitting region 25 formed by a groove on the inner surface of the second friction element 2, wherein the connection is then produced by a closure element E, which in the through the two grooves 25, 35 'formed cavity is inserted.
  • FIG. 7b makes it clear how with a tongue and groove connection, formed by a groove-like form-fitting region 25 on the second friction element 2 and a protruding from the shaft 3 spring 35 (non-rotatable or at least co-rotating) connection can be made which a displaceability of the friction element. 2 in the axial direction a allows by the groove 25 in the axial direction a has a greater extent than the spring 35 to be stored therein, but at the same time perpendicular to the axial direction a, the spring 35 (except for possibly provided Drehwinkelsspiel) essentially immovably in the associated groove 25 sits.
  • At least one groove on the shaft 3 and at least one associated spring on the second friction element 2 may be provided, such as in the above in the FIGS. 2 to 5 indicated schematically.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif de fixation pour le blocage d'une partie de véhicule à moteur mobile par rapport à une structure de véhicule à moteur, qui peut être bloquée au moyen du dispositif de fixation dans une zone de déplacement dans une position de repos atteinte par le déplacement, avec
    - au moins un premier élément de friction du dispositif de fixation et
    - au moins un deuxième élément de friction qui, lors du déplacement de la partie de véhicule à moteur par rapport au premier élément de friction, est déplacé et peut glisser, dans des conditions de friction glissantes, avec une surface de friction, le long d'une surface de friction du premier élément de friction et qui s'appuie, dans une position de repos de la partie de véhicule à moteur, avec sa surface de friction, dans des conditions de friction adhérentes, contre la surface de friction du premier élément de friction,
    le premier et le deuxième élément de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) étant serrés l'un contre l'autre de façon à ce qu'ils aient tendance à s'appuyer l'un contre l'autre, avec leurs surfaces de friction (10, 20; 10a, 10b, 20a, 20b ; 110, 120; 110a, 110b, 110c ; 120a, 120b) et au moins un élément de friction (2; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) est monté, à l'encontre de la direction d'action (R ; R1, R2) de la précontrainte, de manière à être asservi par rapport à l'autre élément de friction (1 ; 1a, 1b, 1c ; 101 ; 101a, 101b, 101c),
    un additif fluide (Z) étant prévu, qui peut être amené lors d'un mouvement relatif des éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) entre leurs surfaces de friction (10, 20 ; 10a, 10b, 20a, 20b; 110, 120; 110a, 110b, 110c ; 120a, 120b),
    sachant que le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) est couplé avec la partie de véhicule à moteur (H, S) par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme de couplage (3) et le mécanisme de couplage comprend un arbre (3), avec lequel le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102; 102a, 102b) est relié de manière solidaire en rotation et qui est en liaison fonctionnelle avec la partie de véhicule à moteur mobile (H, S) et
    le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) est relié par complémentarité de forme avec l'arbre (3) de façon à ce que le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) soit monté de manière solidaire en rotation et en même temps mobile axialement par rapport à l'arbre (3),
    caractérisé en ce que
    les surfaces de friction (10, 20 ; 110, 120) des éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 101, 102) sont inclinées avec un angle aigu ou s'étendent de manière conique dans la direction d'action (R ; R1, R2) de la précontrainte et en ce que
    sur un des éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 101, 102), se trouve au moins un canal de guidage (21), par l'intermédiaire duquel l'additif fluide (Z) peut être amené entre les surfaces de friction (10, 20; 110, 120), l'au moins un canal de guidage (21) s'étendant globalement le long de la direction d'action (R) de la précontrainte, mais étant incliné dans cette direction (R; R1, R2), en fonction de l'inclinaison de la surface de friction (20 ; 120) de l'élément de friction (2; 102) comprenait le canal de guidage (21).
  2. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface de friction (20) du deuxième élément de friction (2) est conçue au moins partiellement de manière bombée, de façon à ce que l'élément de friction (2) puisse être emboîté seulement sur une partie de sa surface de friction (20) avec la surface de friction (10) du premier élément de friction (1) correspondant.
  3. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un additif fluide (Z) peut être mis en place dans au moins un des éléments de friction (1, 2; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b).
  4. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des éléments de friction (1, 2; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) est constitué d'un matériau dans la structure moléculaire duquel l'additif (Z) peut être incorporé, ou est constitué d'un matériau poreux dans la structure capillaire duquel l'additif (Z) peut être incorporé.
  5. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 3 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un des éléments de friction (1, 2; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) comprend un réservoir pour l'additif (Z), l'élément de friction présentant de préférence en outre une structure capillaire à pores ouverts.
  6. Dispositif de fixation selon, l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont prévus, afin de renforcer la friction d'adhérence provoquée par le serrage des éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) entre les surfaces de friction (10, 20; 10a, 10b, 20a, 20b ; 110, 120; 110a, 110b, 110c; 120a, 120b).
  7. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs paires de surfaces de friction (10a, 10b, 10c, 20a, 20b ; 110a, 110b, 110c, 120a, 120b) intexagissant entre elles sont prévues, qui sont serrées les unes contre les autres.
  8. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux paires d'éléments de friction (1, 2; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) sont serrées les unes contre les autres dans la direction d'action (R1, R2) opposée.
  9. Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux paires d'éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2b ; 101, 102; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) sont serrées l'une contre l'autre dans la direction d'action (RI, R2) opposée par un élément élastique (4) qui est agencé pour le serrage des paires d'éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) entre les paires d'éléments de friction (1, 2; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b).
  10. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la précontrainte est exercée par des forces magnétiques, moyennant quoi, pour cela, plus particulièrement un des éléments de friction (1, 2 ; 1a, 1b, 1c, 2a, 2b ; 101, 102 ; 101a, 101b, 101c, 102a, 102b) ou un composant (5, 51, 52) reliés avec celui-ci, est constitué d'un matériau conduisant les flux magnétiques et en ce que l'autre élément de friction (1 ; 1a, 1b, 1c ; 101 ; 101a, 101b, 101c) ou un composant relié avec celui-ci est constitué au moins partiellement d'un matériau magnétique.
  11. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102, 102a, 102b) est couplé avec la partie de véhicule à moteur mobile (H, S) de façon à ce que le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102, 102a, 102b) soit tourné ou déplacé lors d'un déplacement de la partie de véhicule à moteur (H, S) par rapport au premier élément de friction (1 ; 1a, 1b, 1c ; 101 ; 101a, 101b, 101c).
  12. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour relier le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) avec l'arbre (3), une liaison par rainure et languette (25, 35, V), un emboîtement de denture ou d'autres zones à complémentarité de forme (25, 35', E) s'emboîtant entre elles sont prévues.
  13. Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième élément de friction (2 ; 2a, 2b ; 102 ; 102a, 102b) est couplé avec la partie de véhicule à moteur mobile (H, S) par l'intermédiaire d'une transmission.
EP08774933.9A 2007-07-10 2008-07-09 Dispositif de fixation d'un véhicule automobile pour bloquer une pièce de véhicule automobile déplaçable Not-in-force EP2176481B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202007009824U DE202007009824U1 (de) 2007-07-10 2007-07-10 Feststellvorrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs zum Arretieren eines verlagerbaren Kraftfahrzeugteiles
PCT/EP2008/058928 WO2009007400A1 (fr) 2007-07-10 2008-07-09 Dispositif de fixation d'un véhicule automobile pour bloquer une pièce de véhicule automobile déplaçable

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EP2176481A1 EP2176481A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
EP2176481B1 true EP2176481B1 (fr) 2017-04-26

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US (1) US8806717B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2176481B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5357870B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20100058468A (fr)
CN (1) CN101743372B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0814223A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE202007009824U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009007400A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101743372A (zh) 2010-06-16
WO2009007400A1 (fr) 2009-01-15
CN101743372B (zh) 2014-03-05
US8806717B2 (en) 2014-08-19
KR20100058468A (ko) 2010-06-03
DE202007009824U1 (de) 2008-11-20
BRPI0814223A2 (pt) 2015-01-06
US20100192328A1 (en) 2010-08-05
JP5357870B2 (ja) 2013-12-04
EP2176481A1 (fr) 2010-04-21
JP2010533092A (ja) 2010-10-21

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