EP1845179B1 - Procédé continu pour la production de fibres de carbone - Google Patents
Procédé continu pour la production de fibres de carbone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1845179B1 EP1845179B1 EP06007926A EP06007926A EP1845179B1 EP 1845179 B1 EP1845179 B1 EP 1845179B1 EP 06007926 A EP06007926 A EP 06007926A EP 06007926 A EP06007926 A EP 06007926A EP 1845179 B1 EP1845179 B1 EP 1845179B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- process according
- coaxial conductor
- conductor
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 45
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
- D01F9/328—Apparatus therefor for manufacturing filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation, or polymerisation products
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
- D01F9/225—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles from stabilised polyacrylonitriles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the continuous production of carbon fibers, wherein stabilized precursor fibers are carbonized and graphitized with the aid of high-frequency electromagnetic waves.
- Stabilized precursor fibers are fibers which have been converted into infusible fibers by methods known per se. Only such infusible fibers are suitable for the subsequent carbonation steps required to produce carbon fibers.
- Fibers, yarns and strands of stabilized precursor fibers are poor electrical conductors and moderate absorbers of high-frequency electromagnetic Waves such as microwaves. With the irradiation of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves, the transition to complete carbonization and increasing graphitization begins, resulting in a large increase in the electrical conductivity of the treated fibers.
- the fiber behaves like a wire in the waveguide and leads to strong distortions and disturbances of the electric field in the waveguide or in the resonator arrangement. Without control, inhomogeneities and perturbations occur that affect the homogeneity and process stability of the graphitization, or in extreme cases can lead to the ignition of discharges and arcing or the thermal vaporization of the fiber.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a simple process for the continuous production of carbon fibers, in which stabilized precursor fibers are carbonized and graphitized with the aid of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, which can be carried out economically and with reasonable outlay in terms of process control.
- the stabilized precursor fibers are continuously fed as an inner conductor of a coaxial conductor consisting of outer conductor and inner conductor and through a treatment zone, in the treatment zone the stabilized precursor fibers high-frequency electromagnetic waves are supplied, which absorb the Precursorfasern whereby the precursor fibers are heated and converted into carbon fibers, and that the stabilized precursor fibers or the carbon fibers are conducted under a protective gas atmosphere through the coaxial conductor and the treatment zone.
- the high-frequency electromagnetic waves are preferably microwaves.
- the decoupling of microwave energy from a rectangular waveguide is for example off DE 10 2004 021 016 A1 known, wherein both the outer conductor and the inner conductor are fixed components of the coaxial conductor.
- This type of coupling is used to bring microwave energy into hot process spaces, since with the help of coaxial conductors microwave power can be transmitted with high power density.
- the microwave energy which is supplied from a waveguide, coupled via a suitable device, for example via a coupling cone in the coaxial conductor.
- a protective gas atmosphere around the stabilized precursor fibers in the outcoupling region and in the coaxial conductor can be maintained in a simple manner, for example, by arranging a tube permeable to the energy of the high-frequency electromagnetic waves or microwaves within the outer conductor of the coaxial conductor and the treatment zone and the stabilized precursor fibers as Inner conductor as well as the protective gas are passed through this tube.
- the resulting carbon fibers become increasingly more conductive, decoupling the microwave energy more and more into the coaxial junction and preventing further treatment of the carbon fibers.
- the coupled-out microwave energy already starts the treatment of the stabilized precursor fibers in the coaxial conductor, so that when the stabilized precursor fibers are passed through the coaxial conductor, a self-regulating system is established.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the stabilized precursor fibers are guided through the coaxial conductor at such a speed that they carbonize or graphitise on leaving the coaxial conductor and thus are carbon fibers.
- pre-carbonated precursor fibers are used to carry out the process according to the invention.
- stabilized precursor fibers produced very particularly from polyacrylonitrile are particularly suitable for this purpose.
- gas used is nitrogen.
- the speed with which the stabilized precursor fibers are guided through the coaxial conductor is controlled by measuring the electrical resistance of the resulting carbon fiber. It has been found that the level of electrical resistance can draw conclusions about the quality of the carbon fibers.
- precursor fibers which are already precarbonized still have an electrical resistance which is in the region of 30 M ⁇ , while carbon fibers with good properties in terms of strength, elongation and modulus have an electrical resistance which is within the range of a few ⁇ , for example in the range of 10 to 50 ⁇ .
- the measurement of the electrical resistance is carried out via two copper electrodes, which are arranged on the fibers at a distance of 50 cm.
- oxygen is added to the protective gas atmosphere.
- the treatment step of the oxidation which is usually carried out after completion of the carbonization or graphitization, can be carried out in the process according to the invention directly during carbonization.
- the addition of oxygen can be effected, for example, by the fact that the air contained between the fibers in the supplied precursor fibers is not removed before introduction into the coaxial conductor. But it is also readily possible to supply oxygen in a targeted uniform dosage of the inert gas atmosphere.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out particularly advantageously when the stabilized precursor fibers are separated by two or more arranged consisting of coaxial conductor and treatment zone reactors are performed.
- stabilized precursor fibers 1 are guided as an inner conductor 2 through a coaxial conductor with an outer conductor 3.
- a tube 4 Arranged around the inner conductor 2 and within the outer conductor 3 and inside the resonator 9 is a tube 4 which is permeable to high-frequency electromagnetic waves or microwaves and into which protective gas is injected to produce a protective gas atmosphere.
- the microwave energy supplied in a waveguide 5 is transmitted via coupling cone 6 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) or via a cavity resonator 9 (FIG. FIG.
- the microwave supply via a coaxial conductor the inner conductor 11 is T-shaped and electrically conductive, whereby the microwave to the treatment zone 10th is redirected.
- This inner conductor 11 may for example be tubular.
- carbon fibers 7 are produced from the stabilized precursor fibers 1.
- a field distribution of the microwave energy in the form of standing waves in the coaxial conductor is achieved.
- Further embodiments which are suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention are, for example, in DE 26 16 217 . EP 0 508 867 or WO 00/075 955 described.
- the stabilized precursor fibers used were stabilized precursor polycarboxylate-precursor fibers, which were precarbonated, which were combined into a strand of 12,000 filaments.
- a cylindrical resonator For coupling the microwave energy, a cylindrical resonator became similar FIG. 2 used with walls made of aluminum Muegge Electronics GmbH. This has a diameter of 100 mm and is designed to connect rectangular waveguide R 26 type with a microwave generator with a microwave power of 3 kW. The microwave energy generated is decoupled into a coaxial conductor whose outer jacket has an inner diameter of 100 mm.
- the precarbonated stabilized precursor fibers were passed through the apparatus described above under a protective gas atmosphere using nitrogen, wherein the resulting carbon fibers were withdrawn from the apparatus at different rates.
- the used Microwave energy was set to 2 kW.
- the obtained carbon fibers had the following properties off speed tensile strenght module elongation m / h MPa GPa % 50 3200 220 1.4 150 3100 218 1.4 240 3500 217 1.5 420 2700 180 1.4
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Procédé de production de fibres de carbone en mode continu, dans lequel des fibres précurseurs stabilisées sont carbonisées et graphitisées sous l'action d'ondes électromagnétiques de haute fréquence, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait passer en continu les fibres précurseurs stabilisées, en tant que conducteur interne, dans un conducteur coaxial, constitué d'un conducteur interne et d'un conducteur externe, et dans une zone de traitement, et l'on envoie sur les fibres précurseurs stabilisées, dans la zone de traitement, des ondes électromagnétiques de haute fréquence que les fibres de précurseur absorbent, grâce à quoi ces fibres précurseurs s'échauffent et sont converties en fibres de carbone, et en ce qu'on fait passer les fibres précurseurs stabilisées et les fibres de carbone, respectivement dans le conducteur coaxial et dans la zone de traitement, sous une atmosphère de gaz de protection.
- Procédé conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des micro-ondes en tant qu'ondes électromagnétiques de haute fréquence.
- Procédé conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait passer les fibres précurseurs stabilisées dans le conducteur coaxial à une vitesse telle que lorsqu'elles quittent le conducteur coaxial, elles sont carbonisées ou graphitisées et se retrouvent ainsi à l'état de fibres de carbone.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des fibres précurseurs pré-carbonisées.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les fibres précurseurs stabilisées ont été préparées à partir de polyacrylonitrile.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le gaz employé pour la production de l'atmosphère de gaz de protection dans laquelle on fait passer les fibres précurseurs stabilisées est de l'azote.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse à laquelle on fait passer les fibres précurseurs stabilisées dans le conducteur coaxial est commandée par la mesure de la résistance électrique des fibres de carbone formées.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute un peu d'oxygène dans l'atmosphère de gaz de protection.
- Procédé conforme à l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on fait passer les fibres précurseurs stabilisées dans deux réacteurs ou plus, disposés à la suite les uns des autres et constitués chacun d'un conducteur coaxial et d'une zone de traitement.
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502006007528T DE502006007528D1 (de) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern |
ES06007926T ES2348590T3 (es) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Procedimiento para la producción continua de fibra de carbono. |
EP06007926A EP1845179B1 (fr) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Procédé continu pour la production de fibres de carbone |
AT06007926T ATE475728T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von kohlenstofffasern |
CN2007800135079A CN101421448B (zh) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | 用于连续制造碳纤维的方法 |
CA2649131A CA2649131C (fr) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | Procede de fabrication en continu de fibres de carbone |
PCT/EP2007/002909 WO2007118596A1 (fr) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | Procédé de fabrication en continu de fibres de carbone |
BRPI0710157A BRPI0710157B1 (pt) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | processo para a produção contínua de fibras de carbono |
US12/226,325 US20090277772A1 (en) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | Process for Continous Production of Carbon Fibres |
JP2009504606A JP5191004B2 (ja) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | 炭素繊維の連続製造法 |
AU2007237521A AU2007237521B2 (en) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-03-31 | Process for continuous production of carbon fibers |
ARP070101532A AR060505A1 (es) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-04-11 | Proceso para la produccion continua de fibras de carbono |
TW096112685A TWI372798B (en) | 2006-04-15 | 2007-04-11 | Process for continuous production of carbon fibres |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06007926A EP1845179B1 (fr) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Procédé continu pour la production de fibres de carbone |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1845179A1 EP1845179A1 (fr) | 2007-10-17 |
EP1845179B1 true EP1845179B1 (fr) | 2010-07-28 |
Family
ID=36956018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06007926A Active EP1845179B1 (fr) | 2006-04-15 | 2006-04-15 | Procédé continu pour la production de fibres de carbone |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090277772A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1845179B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5191004B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101421448B (fr) |
AR (1) | AR060505A1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE475728T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2007237521B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0710157B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2649131C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE502006007528D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2348590T3 (fr) |
TW (1) | TWI372798B (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2007118596A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015110777A1 (de) | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-05 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern |
WO2023180971A1 (fr) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Appareil et procédé de chauffage à des températures pyrolytiques à l'aide d'un rayonnement micro-ondes |
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KR100909363B1 (ko) * | 2006-07-21 | 2009-07-24 | 학교법인 포항공과대학교 | 전자기파 방사를 통한 탄소섬유의 표면 개질 방법 |
ES2360915T3 (es) * | 2007-10-11 | 2011-06-10 | Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. | Procedimiento para la producción de fibras de carbono huecas. |
TW201031692A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2010-09-01 | Toho Tenax Europe Gmbh | Lignin derivative, shaped body comprising the derivative and carbon fibres produced from the shaped body |
RU2416682C1 (ru) * | 2009-07-28 | 2011-04-20 | Марина Владимировна Соболева | Способ стабилизации углеродсодержащего волокна и способ получения углеродного волокна |
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TWI384098B (zh) * | 2009-12-30 | 2013-02-01 | 高模數碳纖維及其製造方法 | |
KR101219724B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-01-08 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 하이브리드 탄소섬유 제조방법 |
KR101219721B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-21 | 2013-01-08 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 연속식 하이브리드 탄소섬유 제조방법 |
KR20150088259A (ko) | 2012-11-22 | 2015-07-31 | 미쯔비시 레이온 가부시끼가이샤 | 탄소 섬유속의 제조 방법 |
CN105264129B (zh) | 2013-07-26 | 2018-03-30 | 东邦泰纳克丝株式会社 | 碳化方法及碳纤维的制造方法 |
EP3128051B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-31 | 2018-11-28 | The University of Tokyo | Dispositif de fabrication de fibre de carbone et procédé de fabrication de fibre de carbone |
DE102014113338B4 (de) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-07-13 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren zum Temperieren und Temperiervorrichtung hierzu |
JP6486169B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2019-03-20 | 帝人株式会社 | 加熱方法、炭素繊維の製造方法及び炭素繊維並びに加熱装置 |
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2006
- 2006-04-15 EP EP06007926A patent/EP1845179B1/fr active Active
- 2006-04-15 AT AT06007926T patent/ATE475728T1/de active
- 2006-04-15 DE DE502006007528T patent/DE502006007528D1/de active Active
- 2006-04-15 ES ES06007926T patent/ES2348590T3/es active Active
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2007
- 2007-03-31 CN CN2007800135079A patent/CN101421448B/zh active Active
- 2007-03-31 BR BRPI0710157A patent/BRPI0710157B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-03-31 CA CA2649131A patent/CA2649131C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-31 WO PCT/EP2007/002909 patent/WO2007118596A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2007-03-31 US US12/226,325 patent/US20090277772A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-31 AU AU2007237521A patent/AU2007237521B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-31 JP JP2009504606A patent/JP5191004B2/ja active Active
- 2007-04-11 TW TW096112685A patent/TWI372798B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015110777A1 (de) | 2015-07-03 | 2017-01-05 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern |
WO2023180971A1 (fr) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Appareil et procédé de chauffage à des températures pyrolytiques à l'aide d'un rayonnement micro-ondes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2649131C (fr) | 2013-03-12 |
TW200745395A (en) | 2007-12-16 |
ES2348590T3 (es) | 2010-12-09 |
CA2649131A1 (fr) | 2007-10-25 |
BRPI0710157B1 (pt) | 2016-12-13 |
AR060505A1 (es) | 2008-06-25 |
JP5191004B2 (ja) | 2013-04-24 |
CN101421448B (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
EP1845179A1 (fr) | 2007-10-17 |
JP2009533562A (ja) | 2009-09-17 |
AU2007237521A8 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
US20090277772A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
WO2007118596A1 (fr) | 2007-10-25 |
TWI372798B (en) | 2012-09-21 |
BRPI0710157A2 (pt) | 2011-08-23 |
AU2007237521A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
CN101421448A (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
AU2007237521B2 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
ATE475728T1 (de) | 2010-08-15 |
DE502006007528D1 (de) | 2010-09-09 |
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