EP3371350B1 - Installation pour la production de fibre de carbone - Google Patents

Installation pour la production de fibre de carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3371350B1
EP3371350B1 EP16791004.1A EP16791004A EP3371350B1 EP 3371350 B1 EP3371350 B1 EP 3371350B1 EP 16791004 A EP16791004 A EP 16791004A EP 3371350 B1 EP3371350 B1 EP 3371350B1
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Prior art keywords
fibre
heating
module
fiber
electrical resistance
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EP3371350A1 (fr
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Eckhard Beyer
Beata Lehmann
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for producing carbon fibers according to claim 1.
  • HT high tenacity fibers
  • fibers with a higher tensile modulus of elasticity are used for certain requirements or areas of application (in particular aerospace, sport (e.g. high-performance sports equipment), transport, construction (e.g.
  • IM intermediate modulus
  • HM high modulus
  • Table 1 shows an example of the properties of the different fiber class types.
  • Table 1 Properties of carbon fibers ⁇ /b> property unit HT (HTA) IM (IM 600) HM (HM 35) density g / cm 3 (20 ° C) 1.78 1.8 1.97 tensile strenght MPa (N / mm 2 ) 3,400 5,400 2,350
  • polyacrylic nitrile fibers PAN
  • other precursors that are formed with other hydrocarbon compounds and with hydrocarbon-containing compounds can also be used and can be used with adapted process parameters.
  • polyolefins such as polyethylene, cellulose, lignin, polyvinyl chloride, phenols and their copolymers can also be used.
  • WO2015012349 discloses a carbonization process for carbonizing precursor fibers, wherein a plurality of carbonization ovens are arranged for heating the fibers in the transport direction during transportation, and a plasma is used in at least one of the carbonization ovens among the plurality of carbonation ovens to heat the fibers that pass through the furnace interior.
  • US7824495 discloses an apparatus for the continuous production of fully carbonized or graphitized carbon fibers using microwave assisted plasma (MAP) processing includes an elongated chamber in which a microwave plasma is excited in a selected gas atmosphere. The fiber is drawn continuously through the chamber and enters and exits through openings to minimize air entry.
  • MAP microwave assisted plasma
  • the carbonization temperature is the decisive process variable, while the carbonization atmosphere (N2, H2, Ar, vacuum) and pre-tensioning of the fibers during stabilization are only of minor importance.
  • the electrical conductivity increases up to approx. 1300 ° C. This then remains almost constant at higher temperatures. This means that the electrical resistance can only be used as a parameter for online quality control up to a temperature of 1300 ° C.
  • the minimum electrical conductivity can also be achieved in that the precursor fiber by adding conductive particles, in particular carbon nanotubes (CNT) is made conductive.
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • the electrical resistance heating can also be used for stabilizing the output fibers.
  • the pyrolysis begins in the edge area of the CNTs (electrons migrate within the matrix in the CNTs), so that higher temperatures than in the PAN matrix occur here. Pyrolysis spreads gradually in the precursor matrix.
  • At least one fiber formed from a polymeric material or a textile structure made from such fibers is passed through several modules in an already stabilized form as a preliminary product. At least one module for electrical resistance heating of the fiber (s), at least one further module for heating the fiber (s) by means of a plasma generated with microwaves and / or for heating the fiber (s) by means of one directed at the fiber (s) defocused laser beam.
  • fiber should be used and this should also be understood to mean a textile structure formed from these fibers, such as a woven, knitted or braided fabric.
  • a module which is designed to heat the fiber (s) by means of a plasma generated with microwaves can advantageously be arranged in front of a module for electrical resistance heating of the fiber (s) in the feed movement direction of the fiber (s).
  • a module is designed for simultaneously heating the fiber (s) (3) by means of electrical resistance heating and by irradiation with a defocused laser beam, as a result of which the installation space required for installing the system can be reduced.
  • measuring rollers or measuring contacts can act on the fiber (s) with which the electrical conductivity of the fiber (s) can be determined for regulating the heating of the fiber (s).
  • the regulation can be done for all used modules of the system.
  • the feed speed of the fiber (s) can also be regulated.
  • the fiber (s) is / are passed between pairs of rollers and two pairs of rollers (2, 2 ') arranged one after the other in the feed movement direction of the fiber (s) are connected to one pole of each electrical voltage source connected.
  • the fiber (s) are / are guided around surface regions arranged opposite one another by at least two rollers arranged in the feed movement direction of the fiber (s) and the two rollers are each connected to a pole of an electrical voltage source.
  • the at least two rollers are moved parallel to each other, whereby the path covered by the fiber (s) between the respective two rollers during the feed movement and the time required for this can be changed. In this way, additional influence can be exerted on the heating of the fiber (s) without the electrical power and in particular the electrical current having to be changed in the case of the electrical resistance heating.
  • the axes of rotation of the at least two rollers, which are aligned parallel to one another can be arranged in different planes, so that they can be arranged offset in at least two axes.
  • a plurality of heating elements are arranged one after the other in the feed movement direction of the fiber (s) and two heating elements arranged next to one another are connected to one pole of an electrical voltage source.
  • the fiber (s) can advantageously be passed through the thermally insulated heating elements.
  • a module can also be designed as a conventionally designed continuous furnace.
  • the modules there can be several heating zones for the successive heating of the fiber (s) in the direction of feed movement.
  • modules can also be combined with one another. It is also possible to integrate a module, which is designed as a conventional furnace, into a system according to the invention.
  • a module designed for electrical resistance heating can be used, in which precursor fibers with sufficient electrical conductivity are introduced into such a module.
  • electrically conductive particles can be fixed or present on and / or in fibers. Carbon nanotubes with a particularly high aspect ratio should preferably be used, since even a small proportion of these leads to a sufficiently high electrical conductivity of the fibers.
  • Precursor fibers prepared in this way can, for example, have a core / sheath structure.
  • the electrically conductive particles can be integrated into an outer jacket or form a core which is enclosed by a jacket formed with precursor material.
  • carbon nanotubes for example in a suspension formed with water and possibly a surface-active compound (surfactant), to the surface of a precursor material.
  • a thermal treatment can be carried out by electrical resistance heating in a suitably designed module and carbonization can be achieved.
  • appropriately trained rollers and electrical contacts can be used, as has already been described and will be described below.
  • electrically conductive fibers or textile structures made from such fibers can be used in a module designed for electrical resistance heating.
  • the electrical resistance can be dependent on the content of carbon nanotubes, for example, by applying an alternating voltage greater than 100 V at a current less than 10 mA and one Roll distance of, for example, 35 mm is significantly reduced and heating by electrical resistance heating is possible. This first heating zone can be followed by others.
  • the method with the present invention can be designed variably for all three fiber classes (Table 1) and optionally also combined with a conventional furnace process for convective heating.
  • the modules such as the oven, microwave plasma and electrical resistance heating can be constructed in one or more zones.
  • an electrical resistance heater electrical direct current or alternating electrical current can flow through the fiber (s) to be heated.
  • An electrical voltage can be applied between an input and output roller pair of a heating zone - which can preferably consist of graphite and are stored cold outside a tube (e.g. made of quartz glass, graphite) - with which the electrical current flow through the fiber (s) causes the Fiber material is heated.
  • the fiber material should lie as completely and homogeneously as possible on the roller surfaces in order to keep the electrical contact resistances as low as possible.
  • systems for aligning and positioning the fiber (s), in particular spreading rollers can be arranged in front of the heating rollers.
  • the top rollers can with a constant line pressure, z. B. be pressed by spring force.
  • zone 1 Since carbonization in zone 1 (see Figure 1 ) the fiber material becomes more electrically conductive, it may be possible to work with reduced electrical current in the subsequent zone 2, so as not to overheat the material.
  • the roller spacing between the roller pairs connected to an electrical voltage source can be changed.
  • the thread tension of the fiber (s) can be set separately in each heating zone by selecting the speeds of the respective input and output roller pairs.
  • pipe lining can be carried out using temperature-resistant reflectors / mirrors.
  • An electrical resistance heater can be controlled and / or regulated online.
  • the degrees of carbonization can thus be set in a defined manner.
  • the control and / or regulation can preferably be carried out in the last heating zone in the feed direction of the fiber (s).
  • the pair of measuring rollers for the control can be arranged in front of the spreading rollers.
  • a pair of measuring rollers for the regulation of the feed rate and / or the electric current for the electrical resistance heating of the fiber (s) can be arranged immediately after the exit of the heating zone. These rollers can detect the electrical resistance of the electrically conductive fiber (s) and, based on this, emit a control or regulating signal for the change in the nominal current (voltage) value on the heated rollers, so that in the event of deviations in the electrical resistance from the setpoint directly into the Process can be intervened to ensure a constant level of carbonation.
  • the carbonization can be carried out up to a constant electrical resistance (a constant degree of carbonization), possible fluctuations in the fiber diameter and the resulting different electrical resistances can be compensated.
  • the resistance heater can also be used at carbonization temperatures up to 2450 ° C.
  • the process control can, for example, indirectly via a temperature measurement, e.g. using a pyrometer or measuring with a thermal imager through a viewing window.
  • Stabilized fiber material can first be heated and modified by unwinding through a module in which the fiber material is heated and modified with a plasma that has been generated by at least one microwave plasma source. This reduces the electrical resistance, so that a further module, which is designed for electrical resistance heating, can connect to this module in the feed movement direction of the fiber material. Measuring points for determining the electrical conductivity of the fiber (s) are advantageously present at the inlet into the module and at the outlet for the electrical resistance heating. A module in which additional heating by means of laser radiation takes place can be connected to the module with electrical resistance heating in the feed movement direction of the fiber (s).
  • the chamber wall of this module should be transparent to laser radiation at least in some areas, so that at least one laser beam can be directed onto the surface of the fiber (s).
  • the chamber wall can be made of quartz glass, for example, at least in some areas.
  • a finishing device can be arranged on the last module before winding.
  • the system can be expanded with an additional module for stabilization.
  • This should preferably consist of a microwave plasma module in an O2 atmosphere.
  • the fiber (s) can be heated with stationary rollers that do not rotate.
  • the non-rotating rollers can, however, be moved in translation, so that the respective axis of the respective middle longitudinal axis of the roller can be moved.
  • the distance between the central longitudinal axes and thus also the distance between the surfaces of two rollers arranged side by side can be changed.
  • Other suitable means can then be used for the feed movement of the fiber (s), such as, for example, pairs of rollers between which the fiber (s) are transported.
  • a stationary roller can consist of a flexible heating tape (hollow roller).
  • One of the two rollers of a pair of rollers (or both) can be vertically displaceable in order to adjust the fiber length between the two rollers and thus to be able to additionally influence the thermal energy transferred into the fiber.
  • the structure can also be modular.
  • a combined control and regulation of the electric current (voltage) can be integrated, preferably in the last heating zone in the direction of feed movement, as has already been described in advance.
  • a feed table can also be engraved with the material, e.g. B. grooves, can be used.
  • the design of the heating elements in the case of fibers and, in particular, flexible surfaces of small width can also be carried out in such a way that the materials are not guided along the surface of the heating surfaces, but rather through the interior of heating elements which have electrical contacts for the connection electrical power are provided. These contacts can be arranged one after the other in the feed movement direction. Several such heating elements can be arranged one after the other and a stepwise heating of the fiber (s) can be achieved with several contacts by means of electrical resistance heating.
  • the heating elements can have a different geometry, e.g. have with a circular or semicircular cross section, so that the translationally moved fiber (s) is / are partially enclosed by the heating element wall, which is preferably thermally insulated, and the fiber (s) through small openings arranged on the end faces of the heating elements the heating elements are passed through.
  • the length can be adjusted to the desired feed speed of the fiber (s) (the longer the heating elements, the higher the feed speed can be).
  • additional fiber guide elements e.g. rollers pressed with spring force and rotating due to the contact pressure can be used.
  • the structure can be modular.
  • a combined control and regulation of the current (voltage) can preferably be integrated in the last heating zone, as has already been described in advance.
  • the feed rate at which the fiber (s) is moved through individual modules can be regulated or controlled in the individual modules.
  • buffers for the fiber (s) must be provided between modules which are arranged one after the other in the feed movement direction.
  • the fiber (s) can be rolled up and temporarily stored in a rolled form before they are fed to a subsequently arranged module. This is usually the case if, in the direction of feed movement, a module in which work is carried out at a higher feed rate is arranged in front of a module by which the fiber (s) are moved at a lower feed rate.
  • the energy requirement can be significantly reduced, so that the entire modification of the precursor fiber (s) used up to the finished carbon fiber can be achieved in a considerably shorter time.
  • the installation space required can be reduced because the system length can be shortened.
  • defined heating rates can also be maintained without intermediate cooling, if necessary.
  • the controllability of the entire process and the degree of carbonization and thus the structural or mechanical properties in defined, precursor-dependent temperature windows can be achieved through improved online process control.
  • the process can be carried out in a much more variable manner and any combination of plasma, resistance and laser carbonization is possible, so that carbon fibers with very specific properties can be produced.
  • the example shown is in each case an electrical direct voltage source, in the case of which one pole is connected to one or both front (s) in the direction of advance of the fibers 3 and one pole is connected to the roller (s) 2 or 2 'arranged thereafter are such that an electrical current which is sufficiently large for heating flows over the fibers 3 between the rollers 2 and 2 '.
  • the temperature increase that can be achieved is influenced by the electrical current and the electrical conductivity of the fibers 3.
  • two heating zones 1 and 2 are arranged one after the other in the direction of feed movement, so that a stepwise increase in temperature can be achieved.
  • the electrical current or the electrical conductivity of the fibers between or directly on rollers 2 or 1 can be measured and used for regulating the temperature to be reached, thereby influencing the properties of the thus heated Fibers 3 can be taken.
  • a module can be arranged in which heating of the fibers 3 is achieved by the influence of a plasma which is generated by one or more microwave sources.
  • This can advantageously be a device as shown in DE 10 2015 205 809 A1 whose disclosure content is fully referred to act.
  • this device for the production of carbon fibers with plasma support at least one fiber formed from a polymeric material in a stabilized form is led as a preliminary product into an elongated chamber in the direction of the fiber (s) on one end face and out on the opposite end face.
  • Several magnetrons that can be operated in a pulsed manner are arranged in a row arrangement over the length of the chamber.
  • microwaves emitted by magnetrons are directed simultaneously and with the same phase from two opposite directions onto the fiber (s).
  • the magnetrons are connected to an electronic control which is designed in such a way that a control of the magnetrons can be achieved with which an at least almost homogeneous plasma is formed over the length of the chamber.
  • Pressures below the ambient pressure can be maintained in the chamber up to a pressure slightly above the ambient pressure, preferably at most 10% more.
  • gases usually used for this purpose in particular argon and nitrogen, can be used as gases for the treatment of the fiber (s) and for plasma formation.
  • each magnetrons can be arranged on one side of the chamber. Rectangular waveguides allow the microwaves emitted by the magnetrons, as a result of their branching, to lead into coupling elements arranged opposite one another on the long sides of the chamber and into the interior of the chamber should be directed from the opposite direction. With the energy of the microwaves, a plasma is formed from gaseous species that are contained inside the chamber. With the attainable temperatures of the plasma formed, the production of carbon fibers can take place more effectively and in a considerably shorter time.
  • Plasma can therefore always be formed between a pair of coupling elements arranged opposite one another. Areas occur between adjacent coupling elements in which the plasma has a lower plasma density. This can be counteracted with an offset of the coupling elements arranged opposite one another and connected to a common magnetron in the longitudinal direction of the chamber and / or a pulsed operation of the magnetrons with a phase offset.
  • the phase shift can be achieved by temporarily switching off individual magnetrons completely or by operating the magnetrons with a specifically varying output.
  • the Magentrons are connected to a controller.
  • the fibers 3 can be heated and modified in such a way that a more uniform change in the morphology or change in the material can be achieved over the entire cross section of the fibers 3.
  • the disadvantages of such a non-uniform material change from the inside to the outside, as have occurred in the prior art, which could lead to the fibers breaking, can thus be avoided and heating to higher temperatures than the maximum temperature previously limited to 2450 ° C. electrical resistance heating.
  • the in Figure 1 Module shown are supplemented by the fact that a laser beam is directed onto the electrically resistance-heated fibers 3 and the temperature can thereby be increased further. Additional heating can also take place with a separate module, in which additional subsequent heating can be carried out by means of laser radiation. Regardless of whether the additional heating by means of laser radiation in the module for electrical resistance heating or a separate module can take place on the technical Teaching, as in the likewise not previously published DE 10 2015 204 589 is to be used.
  • this device for producing carbon fibers at least one fiber formed from a polymeric material can be introduced into a heating device via an inlet lock element and can be carried out from the heating device via an outlet lock element.
  • a predefinable tension of the at least one fiber is maintained with a pulling device.
  • the heating device is designed so that a successively higher temperature results from the inlet lock element to the outlet lock element.
  • at least one defocused laser beam is directed onto the surface of the at least one fiber via a window element that is transparent to the at least one laser beam and flushed with an inert gas, as a result of which additional heating occurs the at least one fiber can be reached to an elevated temperature by laser radiation absorbed by the fiber material.
  • Fibers 3 are guided over measuring rollers 11 in this example, with which electrical current tapping can be carried out for determining the electrical conductivity of the fibers 3.
  • electrical current tapping can be carried out for determining the electrical conductivity of the fibers 3.
  • sliding contacts that are pressed against the fibers 3 can also be used for this.
  • the fibers 3 are guided around the surfaces of the rollers 13 and 13 'in such a way that they are guided by oppositely arranged surfaces and are in contact with them.
  • the area of fibers 3 which are simultaneously in direct contact with the electrically conductive surface of the rollers 13 and 13 ' can be increased, as a result of which the electrical current flow is improved and that in the case of electrical resistance heating with the between two rollers 13 and 13' flowing electrical current achievable temperature increase of the fibers 3 are increased.
  • the axes of rotation or central longitudinal axes of the rollers 13 and 13 'of a pair of rollers can each be arranged in different planes, so that the contact area between the roller surface and fibers 3 can be increased further.
  • the double arrows are intended to illustrate that in this example the rollers 13 'can be moved vertically here in a translatory manner, as a result of which an adjustment of the feed speed, the respective length of the fibers 3, which is influenced by the electrical resistance heating, and / or the tension with the the fibers 3 can be acted on, is achievable.
  • take-off roller system 14 here with three rollers, one of which is used for deflection and the pair of rollers for conveying the fibers 3.
  • a pair of measuring rollers 11 is again arranged, with which, together with that in the direction of feed movement front measuring roller pair 11 determines the electrical conductivity of the fibers 3 and can be used for regulating the electrical current and / or the feed rate of the fibers 3.
  • the rollers 13 and 13 ' can be fixed so that they do not rotate. However, there is the optional possibility that they can be moved in translation. The feed movement of the fiber (s) 3 can then be realized with the roller pairs 12 and 14 alone. By changing the distance between the central longitudinal axes of rollers 13 and 13 'arranged next to one another, the path covered by the fiber (s) 3 can be changed so that the time in which the fiber (s) 3 are influenced by the electrical current flow can be varied.
  • the example of a module for electrical resistance heating shown is in the feed movement direction of the fibers 3 again a pair of measuring rollers 11, which can be used in conjunction with the pair of measuring rollers 11 arranged at the end again to determine the electrical conductivity of the fibers 3.
  • the fibers 3 are moved by the heating element pairs 15 and 15 '. These also form shielding and thermal insulation so that heat losses can be reduced.
  • a pair of feed rollers 12 is optionally arranged between pairs of heating elements 15 and 15 ', with which a uniform feed movement of the fibers 3 can be achieved.
  • the rollers 11, 12 and the heating elements 15 and 15 ' are rigidly attached. This is also the case with all rollers of the example Figure 1 the case.
  • a pre-carbonization of stabilized fibers 3 by means of a plasma generated with microwaves with a corresponding arrangement of a module designed for this purpose is to take place in front of a module in which a further carbonization is to take place by means of electrical resistance heating.
  • the possibility of carbonization using plasma-generated plasma is already here and more specifically in DE 10 2015 205 809 A1 described.
  • Table 1 provides an overview of the parameters that can be set. ⁇ b> Table 2: varied parameters ⁇ /b> Microwave power Duty cycle print Dwell time Plasma gases [slm] [W] [%] [mbar] [min] argon nitrogen 200-2100 DC / 20-75 10-50 2 - 15 1 - 4 0.5 - 2
  • the pulse duty factor is the ratio of the time at which microwaves are emitted and at which no microwaves or microwaves with significantly reduced power are emitted (pulse duration to pulse pause).
  • the fibers 3 become electrically conductive to different extents and are further carbonized in the subsequent process by means of electrical resistance heating. Several examples will be explained below.
  • the electrical output resistance is 0.625 ⁇ / cm.
  • the fiber 3 With an electrical power of 25.8 W, the fiber 3 is at 700 ° C, with an electrical power of 132 W at 1500 ° C in an inert atmosphere (Ar) with an electrode spacing of 35 mm and compliance with a tensile stress acting on the fiber 3 heated by 3.9 N.
  • the electrical resistance of the fiber 3 is 0.45 ⁇ / cm.
  • the electrical output resistance is 0.75 ⁇ / cm.
  • the fiber 3 With an electrical power of 25 W, the fiber 3 is heated to 672 ° C, with an electrical power of 91 W to 1228 ° C in an inert atmosphere (Ar) with an electrode spacing of 40 mm at a tensile stress of 3.9 N. After a carbonation time of approx. 10 min (from 490 ° C) the electrical resistance of the fiber is 0.68 ⁇ / cm.
  • the electrical output resistance is 50 ⁇ / cm.
  • the fiber 3 With an electrical power of 25 W, the fiber 3 is heated to 775 ° C, with an electrical power of 106 W to 1451 ° C in an inert atmosphere (Ar) with an electrode spacing of 30 mm and a tensile stress of 3.9 N.
  • the electrical resistance of the fiber is 2.8 ⁇ / cm.
  • the fibers are not damaged by the treatment, they have no defects on the surface.
  • the average fiber diameter is reduced from 10 ⁇ m to 7 ⁇ m.
  • the fiber strength is at least 1000 MPa, individual filaments show significantly higher values of approx. 4000 MPa.
  • Figure 4 shows Raman spectra for fiber 3 before carbonization using electrical resistance heating and afterwards.
  • the electrical output resistance is 3 k ⁇ / cm.
  • the fiber With an electrical power of 33 W, the fiber is heated to 500 ° C, with an electrical power of 234 W to 1200 ° C in an inert atmosphere (Ar) with an electrode spacing of 40 mm and a tensile stress of 3.9 N.
  • the electrical resistance of the fiber is 1.2 ⁇ / cm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Installation pour la fabrication de fibres de carbone, dans laquelle au moins une fibre (3) constituée d'un matériau polymère ou une structure textile constituée de plusieurs fibres polymères sous forme stabilisée est guidée, en tant que produit précurseur, à travers plusieurs modules, au moins un module étant conçu pour le chauffage par résistance électrique de la ou des fibres (3), au moins un autre module étant conçu pour le chauffage de la ou des fibres ou de la structure textile au moyen d'un plasma généré avec des micro-ondes ;
    dans la direction de l'avance de la ou des fibres ou de la structure textile, est disposé un module, qui est conçu pour le chauffage de la ou des fibres (3) au moyen d'un plasma généré avec des micro-ondes, est disposé avant un module pour le chauffage par résistance de la ou des fibres (3) ou de la structure textile.
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un module est conçu pour le chauffage simultané de la ou des fibres (3) ou de la structure textile par un chauffage par résistance et par irradiation avec un faisceau laser défocalisé.
  3. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des rouleaux de mesure (11) ou des contacts de mesure s'appuient contre la ou les fibres (3) ou la structure textile, avec lesquels la conductivité électrique de la ou des fibres (3) peut être déterminée pour une régulation du chauffage de la ou des fibres (3).
  4. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, dans un module pour le chauffage de la ou des fibres (3) au moyen d'un chauffage par résistance, la ou les fibres (3) ou la structure textile est/sont guidée(s) entre des paires de rouleaux (2, 2') et deux paires de rouleaux (2, 2') disposées l'une après l'autre dans la direction d'avance de la ou des fibres ou de la structure textile étant raccordées chacune à un pôle d'une source de tension électrique et
    la ou les fibres (3) ou la structure textile est/sont guidée(s) autour de zones de surface opposées entre elles d'au moins deux rouleaux (13, 13') disposés dans la direction d'avance de la ou des fibres (3) et les deux rouleaux (13, 13') sont accordés chacun à un pôle d'une source de tension électrique.
  5. Installation selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que les au moins deux rouleaux (13, 13') sont mobiles parallèlement entre eux et/ou
    les axes de rotations ou les axes longitudinaux centraux parallèles entre eux des au moins deux rouleaux (13, 13') sont disposés dans des plans différents.
  6. Installation selon l'une des deux revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les rouleaux (13 et 13') n'exécutent aucun mouvement de rotation.
  7. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, dans un module avec lequel un chauffage de la ou des fibres (3) peut être obtenu au moyen d'un chauffage par résistance électrique, dans la direction d'avance de la ou des fibres (3) ou de la structure textile, plusieurs éléments chauffants (15, 15') sont disposés les uns après les autres et deux éléments chauffants (15 et 15') disposés l'un à côté de l'autre étant raccordés chacun à un pôle d'une source de tension électrique et
    la ou les fibres (3) ou la structure textile sont guidée(s) à travers les éléments chauffants (15, 15') isolés thermiquement.
  8. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un module est conçu comme un four à passage continu conventionnel.
  9. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, dans au moins un module, sont prévues plusieurs zones de chauffage pour le chauffage successif de la ou des fibres (3) ou de la structure textile dans la direction d'avance.
  10. Installation selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, à travers un module, avec lequel un chauffage de la ou des fibres (3) peut être obtenu au moyen d'un chauffage par résistance, une ou des fibres (3), qui sont électro-conductrices grâce à des particules électro-conductrices, plus particulièrement des nanotubes de carbone avec un rapport d'aspect important, ou des structures textiles constituées de telles fibres (3), peu(ven)t être guidée(s), la ou les fibres (3) étant de préférence conçue(s) comme une structure d'enveloppe à noyau, dont le noyau ou l'enveloppe est entièrement constitué de nanotubes de carbone ou la ou les fibres (3) étant entièrement constituée(s) de nanotubes de carbone.
EP16791004.1A 2015-11-05 2016-11-03 Installation pour la production de fibre de carbone Active EP3371350B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015221701.9A DE102015221701A1 (de) 2015-11-05 2015-11-05 Anlage zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern
PCT/EP2016/076541 WO2017076964A1 (fr) 2015-11-05 2016-11-03 Installation pour fabriquer des fibres de carbone

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EP3371350A1 EP3371350A1 (fr) 2018-09-12
EP3371350B1 true EP3371350B1 (fr) 2020-04-15

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DE (1) DE102015221701A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017076964A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016015668A1 (de) 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Technische Universität Dresden Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern oder von textilen Gebilden, die mit Kohlenstofffasern gebildet sind
DE102017200494A1 (de) 2017-01-13 2018-07-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Für die Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern einsetzbares Modul sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern
DE102017203822B4 (de) 2017-03-08 2019-11-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung graphitisierter Kohlenstofffasern oder mit diesen Kohlenstofffasern gebildeten textilen Gebilden

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3699210A (en) * 1968-09-06 1972-10-17 Monsanto Res Corp Method of graphitizing fibers
US7824495B1 (en) * 2005-11-09 2010-11-02 Ut-Battelle, Llc System to continuously produce carbon fiber via microwave assisted plasma processing
US9745671B2 (en) * 2013-07-26 2017-08-29 Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. Carbonization method and carbon fiber production method
DE102015205809B4 (de) 2015-03-31 2018-01-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern mit Plasmaunterstützung

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EP3371350A1 (fr) 2018-09-12
DE102015221701A1 (de) 2017-05-11

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