Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
  • E01C11/22—Gutters; Kerbs ; Surface drainage of streets, roads or like traffic areas
  • E01C11/224—Surface drainage of streets
  • E01C11/225—Paving specially adapted for through-the-surfacing drainage, e.g. perforated, porous; Preformed paving elements comprising, or adapted to form, passageways for carrying off drainage
  • E01C11/226—Coherent pavings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/30—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and other binders, e.g. synthetic material, i.e. resin
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/32—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of courses of different kind made in situ

Definitions

• the invention relates to a water-permeable floor covering for application to a building ground, the upper structure of the floor covering being a combination of compacted mineral additives and organic adhesives.
• the invention further relates to a method for producing a floor covering.
• Plastic grids have proven their worth for special applications, such as riding and sports field construction.
• Such grid plates are known from DE 197 20 006 C2. Thanks to the ingenious structure of elevations and openings, grid panels on the one hand enable surface mounting to be walked on or driven on, and on the other hand they prevent sealing due to their ability to regulate water.
• the flat grid panels are laid directly on the building ground such as gravel, grass, clay or humus. However, it is also possible to apply a layer of sand or gravel to the foundation, in order to then lay grid panels on this layer. Uneven ground can be compensated for by the layer of sand or gravel.
• a footing may be applied in a thickness of several centimeters.
• the footing, which together with the grid plates forms the superstructure of the sports field cover generally consists of a sand bed, an aggregate sand bed (wood or plastic chips) or only wood chips. Depending on the stress and composition of the footing, it has a thickness of between 8 and 15 centimeters, measured from the top plate of the grid plates.
• Coverings with a uniform and optically appealing surface structure are known from DE 197 33 588 A1.
• the water-permeable covering is made from mineral aggregates and organic adhesives.
• the mixture is installed in the not yet hardened and deformable state.
• As an adhesive mostly organic adhesives come into question, which together with mineral see aggregates mixed into a batch and processed before curing.
• a disadvantage of these coverings made of bound, mineral aggregates is the lack of connection to the subsoil, which affects the mechanical stress in the case of external floors, especially when there is a freeze-thaw cycle. This can result in chemical, physical and biological building material corrosion, weathering and destruction of the sub-floor underneath.
• the object is achieved with regard to the floor covering by the features of patent claim 1.
• the floor covering has a multi-layer structure with a superstructure and a substructure, the substructure having at least one layer of sand on the base and one layer of ballast on the superstructure.
• the average size ksc h otter of the undersize in the ballast is 5 mm or above.
• the substructure in its water-permeable transition to the superstructure brings about a further improvement in terms of water regulation ability.
• the substructure is able to supplement the water storage capacity of the superstructure, especially in critical building ground with a high proportion of clay.
• the surface water is absorbed by the substructure and distributed horizontally. In this way, enormous amounts of water can be absorbed and temporarily stored until the building site or other drainage facilities drain the water.
• This drainage ability is due to the high proportion of voids, so that easy installation is possible even in water protection areas.
• This proportion of voids as well as different rock sizes and types of material lead to excellent sound absorption
• the grain size of the ballast in the substructure has a further favorable influence on the water absorption value and water regulation ability of the soil. With an average grain size for the undersize of 5 mm or more, this promises excellent values.
• Proven average grain sizes ksc h ot he t of the ballast are in a range between 5 mm to 16, 16 to 22 mm or 16 mm to 32nd Ie the gravel layer consists of gravel with different grain sizes together, the grain of a gravel layer lying in one of the areas mentioned.
• the average layer thickness d s of the compacted ballast layer is preferably between 400 and 500 mm.
• the grain size of the aggregates also has a significant influence on the seepage performance of the floor covering.
• Additives with an average grain size between 1 and 7 mm are particularly preferred.
• the layer structure of the floor covering according to the invention has a favorable influence on the mechanical strength values, so that values of over 5 mm are even possible for the average size of the grain without a significantly increased risk of breakage.
• the infiltration capacity can be increased further with this grain diameter.
• the drop in infiltration capacity due to the entry of mineral and organic fines remains small over time.
• the open-pored structure of the superstructure leads to high coefficients of friction on the surface, so that the floor covering is suitable as a non-slip ceiling for roadways, walkways, stairs and presentation rooms and thus reduces the risk of accidents.
• the grain size distribution is generally defined in accordance with DIN 66145.
• the parameter n is at least 9 and is determined by neglecting 1% oversize and undersize.
• the adhesive is preferably a two-component polyurethane adhesive.
• a two-component epoxy resin or a one-component polyurethane adhesive are offered, for example, by Koch Marmorit under the brand name Kryorit.
• the floor covering according to the invention has, for example, no toxic effect on mold and is considered to be difficult to biodegrade. Nevertheless, substances that can be eluted from the floor covering can be easily degraded, as material tests have shown. As washing tests prove, there is no chemical interaction between surface water and the covering materials, so that surface water that seeps through the covering can be discharged into the sewage system untreated or can safely flow into the groundwater. Finally, the floor covering according to the invention can be disposed of after use in an earth or ballast washing plant without negative environmental effects. Alternatively, reuse as granules is also possible after comminution.
• the named adhesives enable the connection of any bulk goods through very good adhesion in the adhesive and capillary action range. This also contributes to the static and dynamic pressure resistance of the floor covering. Adhesion of adjacent layers of the superstructure and substructure is particularly effective for high resilience so that the floor covering can also be driven on by vehicles. Coloring the floors is very often desired for a visually appealing design of places. By using colored quartz sand or natural stones as an additive, you can choose from over 200 color variations, so there are practically no limits to the color of a floor covering. Architects in particular know how to use these color effects effectively.
• the floor covering according to the invention also absorbs the sound of vehicles much better than, for example, asphalt, due to the high proportion of voids. Particularly favorable values result with a void fraction of at least 45% in the superstructure.
• the object is achieved with regard to the method for producing the floor covering by the features of claim 15. Accordingly, the production takes place according to the following process steps:
• the layers are intensively bonded to one another if the next layer is applied immediately after the first layer has been compacted is before the underlying layer hardens. This requires rapid application and compaction layer by layer.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through a floor covering with a two-layer substructure applied to a building ground
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a floor covering with a three-layer substructure applied to a building ground.
• the multilayer structure of the floor covering 1 clearly shows in a cross section the multilayer structure of the floor covering 1 according to the invention.
• this has three layers, the lowest layer of which the substructure 2 is applied to a building ground 3.
• the building site 3 Before the substructure 2 can be applied, the building site 3 must first be prepared. This is excavated to a frost-proof depth of 40 to 60 cm. This excavation depth is recommended so that the connection between substructure 2 and ground 3 is spared the erosive effects of the freeze-thaw cycle.
• the substructure 2 itself is composed of a base layer of sand, the so-called sand layer 4 and the ballast layer 5 lying thereon.
• a batch of adhesive and sand is first prepared, which are mixed together.
• the adhesive is a two-component polyurethane adhesive.
• a two-component epoxy resin or a one-component polyurethane adhesive can also be used.
• the mixture can then be processed quickly as long as it is still deformable and not hardened. This is done by applying the sand layer 4 to the building ground 3 as evenly and evenly as possible.
• the layer thickness dsand of the compacted sand layer 4 is at least 20 mm.
• the ballast layer 5 is applied.
• the average grain size k Sch tte r o of the ballast is in the present embodiment in a range between 5 mm to 16 wherein the average size of the sub-grain is mm. 5 With this narrow grain size range, uniform properties are obtained.
• the ballast is mixed with adhesive so that the mixture can then be applied to the sand layer 4 as evenly as possible.
• the ballast layer 5 is then compacted using a mechanical vibrator.
• the ballast layer 5 then has an average layer thickness ds of approximately 500 mm.
• the ballast layer 5 carrying the superstructure 6 is sprayed with adhesive in an amount of 150 g / cm 2 in order to establish a stronger connection between the superstructure and substructure 6 or 2 achieve.
• the penetration depth of the adhesive is approximately 150 mm.
• a layer of mineral aggregates is applied before the adhesive hardens.
• a selection of quartzite, granite, basalt and quartz can be considered as additives; in the described embodiment, colored granite is used.
• the average size of the granite grain is between 2 and 5mm.
• the grain size distribution is defined according to DIN 66145, with a parameter of at least 9 and neglecting 1% oversize and undersize.
• the batch After the batch has been applied, it is compacted with a roller and smoothed with a trowel.
• the compression is preferably carried out with a contact pressure of 10 to 50 N / cm 2 .
• the superstructure After the compaction, the superstructure has a layer thickness do of 50 mm. After compaction, the superstructure hardens. The floor covering is then resilient.
• FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the floor covering 1 according to the invention, which is more resilient due to an additional sand layer 4 ' .
• the additional sand layer 4 ' is applied to the ballast layer 5 and, like the sand layer 4 on the building site, is also stabilized with adhesive. For better adhesion, we sprayed the ballast layer 5 with adhesive before applying the sand layer 4 '. After compacting, the superstructure 6 is constructed as described for the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (37)

Family Cites Families (28)

• 2004
  • 2004-02-07 DE DE102004006165A patent/DE102004006165B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2005
  • 2005-01-14 CN CNA200580007470XA patent/CN1981090A/zh active Pending
  • 2005-01-14 KR KR1020067018264A patent/KR20070003914A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-01-14 WO PCT/DE2005/000046 patent/WO2005075741A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2005-01-14 AU AU2005211168A patent/AU2005211168A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-01-14 EP EP05706678A patent/EP1716291A1/de active Pending
  • 2005-01-14 MX MXPA06009497A patent/MXPA06009497A/es unknown
  • 2005-01-14 RU RU2006132178/03A patent/RU2370588C2/ru active
  • 2005-01-14 CA CA002555307A patent/CA2555307A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-01-14 US US10/597,778 patent/US20070223998A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2006
  • 2006-09-05 ZA ZA200607415A patent/ZA200607415B/en unknown

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