EP0689114B1 - Numerically controlled machine tool management system - Google Patents

Numerically controlled machine tool management system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0689114B1
EP0689114B1 EP95114268A EP95114268A EP0689114B1 EP 0689114 B1 EP0689114 B1 EP 0689114B1 EP 95114268 A EP95114268 A EP 95114268A EP 95114268 A EP95114268 A EP 95114268A EP 0689114 B1 EP0689114 B1 EP 0689114B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
work
numerical control
control system
operator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95114268A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0689114A2 (en
EP0689114A3 (en
Inventor
Tomomitsu C/O Mitsubishi Denki K.K. Niwa
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of EP0689114A3 publication Critical patent/EP0689114A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/408—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/41865—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
    • G05B19/4187—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow by tool management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31406—Data management, shop management, memory management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/31—From computer integrated manufacturing till monitoring
    • G05B2219/31407—Machining, work, process finish time estimation, calculation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32—Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32094—Dedicated language for batch processing, enter number of workpieces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35268—Detection of presence of rom cassette or similar, if coupled to internal memory
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35279—Ignoring invalid program
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35291—Record history, log, journal, audit of machine operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35504—Multilingual communication, messages in different languages
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35532—Comment, work directive, message to operator and control signals together
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36104—IC card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36159—Detachable or portable programming unit, display, pc, pda
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36161—Common program panel for nc, pic, switch display diagnostic or part
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36542—Cryptography, encrypt, access, authorize with key, code, password
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a numerically controlled machine tool and to an operator work management system.
  • a numerical control unit is designed to perform numerical control processing in accordance with a cutting program provided by a paper tape, etc. Specifically, a machine tool is driven according to the results of the control processing in order to cut a workpiece.
  • Fig. 10 is a block diagram of a prior art numerical control unit.
  • a cutting program read from a tape reader 11 is stored into a memory 18.
  • this cutting program is first read from the memory 18 block by block and then processed in a controller 12 containing a processor, a control program memory, etc.
  • the controller 12 then performs numerical control processing in accordance with the cutting program, thereby driving a servo motor of a machine tool 14 so as to move a table or a tool rest in accordance with a move command, or for controlling the machine tool 14, via an electrical control box 13, to perform, for example, coolant on/off and spindle run/reverse/stop commands.
  • the numeral 15 indicates an operation board including zeroing, jogging and other command switches, buttons and indicators.
  • the numeral 16 is a manual data input device (hereinafter referred to as the "MDI") for manually entering various types of data into the controller 12, and numeral 17 is a display unit (“DSP") for displaying the current position and other data of the machine.
  • the components 11 to 17 (with the exception of the machine tool 14) constitute a computerized numerical control unit (hereinafter referred to as a "CNC").
  • the controller 12 in the CNC is a computer which performs predetermined numerical control processing on the basis of a control program and the cutting program to control the machine tool 14.
  • NC machine tool The machine tool 14 controlled by the CNC is referred to as a numerically controlled machine tool (NC machine tool), and most of the present machine tools are NC machine tools.
  • the operator controlling this NC machine tool is usually provided with work directives through cutting programs for cutting workpieces to be finished on that day, and work setup instructions as a preliminary to cutting.
  • the operator carries out the setup work in accordance with the work instruction and causes the CNC to run the predetermined cutting programs to cut workpieces.
  • the operator then writes the work done on that day in a work report or the like.
  • the NC machine tool may generally be operated by any person including unauthorized personnel by simply powering up. To prevent this, some CNCs have a function of disabling NC data from being rewritten unless a key provided therefor is switched on.
  • CNCs holding a larger internal memory capacity have a function of allowing the keying history of the operator to be stored in an internal memory for a later check of the operation performed. Further, some CNCs allow CNC-generated error, alarm and other histories to be stored in an internal memory, so that errors and alarms occurring at various times can be checked later.
  • the NC contains character fonts which are employed to display kanji, kana and other characters.
  • Fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the major parts of a prior art CNC display control section, wherein the numeral 60 indicates a microcomputer; 61 a ROM for storing programs and other data required for the microcomputer 60 to perform predetermined operations, 59 a RAM used for pointers, operation, etc., 62 an address decoder for accessing memories, etc., and 63 a first-in first-out register (FIFO register) to which display data is written from a host microcomputer for NC control (not illustrated) and which is designed to issue an interrupt signal INT to the microcomputer 60 when, for example, data of 16 characters is entered.
  • FIFO register first-in first-out register
  • the numeral 64 indicates a CRT controller for generating horizontal and vertical synchronization signals and scanning addresses, 65 a pulse generator circuit, 66 an address switching circuit for switching between a CPU address and a scanning address, 67 an address decoder, 68 a character RAM (video RAM) for storing characters coded into addresses corresponding to the positions on a display screen, 69 a color RAM (video RAM) for storing colors for painting characters on the display screen, 70 a character ROM for converting character codes output by the character RAM 68 into corresponding display data (alphabetic characters, kanji, kana and symbols), 71 a display control circuit for outputting red, green and blue video signals in accordance with the output of the color RAM 69, 17 a display unit, and 72 a screen thereof.
  • a character string to be displayed on the screen 72 of the display unit 71 is entered sequentially from the NC controlling microcomputer (not illustrated) to the FIFO register 63.
  • a character in this character string is coded, for example, in sixteen bits.
  • the microcomputer 60 is interrupted to perform interrupt processing. In other words, the character code is read from the FIFO register 63 and written to the separately specified address of the character RAM 68.
  • the display control circuit 71 creates red, green and blue video signals, which are then input to the display unit 17 and displayed as a character on the screen 72. Accordingly, the use of the kanji and kana characters to form a character string sent from the NC controlling host microcomputer allows comments and other guides to be displayed in kanji and other characters which can be most easily understood by the Japanese. Since not many terms are employed in the NC field, the number of kanji characters used is limited. Hence, the character ROM can be composed of a single LSI for characters including kana.
  • the character ROM 70 Since the known display control device shown in Fig. 12 is configured as described above, the character ROM 70 must be replaced to display characters corresponding to the user's native language and the display language cannot be changed easily. To improve this disadvantage, a display control section wherein the character ROM 70 is replaced by a character RAM and the data of the character RAM is changed through the key switches of the operation panel for use with a numerical control unit is disclosed in Japanese Patent Disclosure Publication No. 189785 (1985).
  • EP-A-236506 relates to a numerical control method through which a numerical control apparatus is adopted in which a ROM cassette storing a plurality of macros for performing predetermined numerical control processing is removably loaded in a numerical control apparatus.
  • Patent Abstracts of Japan Vol. 012 No. 214 (P-718), 18 June 1988 and JP-A-630120202 relates to a process apparatus operation managing system wherein each operation managing information of an operator is obtained through an IC card.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide a CNC or other computer-controlled system which allows data such as work directives for the operator, cutting programs, parameters and tool information to be stored in a single portable storage medium, enabling the operator to display any necessary work directive on the CNC screen by simply inserting the storage medium into the CNC. All required data are read from the storage medium, set to the CNC, and printed on a printer as needed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a CNC or other computer-controlled system which allows the work report of the operator to be eliminated by storing the work results of the operator in the storage medium.
  • a reliable work record is kept by automatically recording the actual work of the operator in the storage medium.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a CNC or other computer-controlled system which provides a record of how long and in what way the NC machine tool has been operated by which operator to be kept in an operation recording memory in the CNC by placing operator identifying information in the storage medium.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a CNC which disallows an operator who attempts to operate an NC machine tool from doing so unless the operator loads the storage medium into the CNC and enters a PIN (personal identification number) code which matches that in the storage medium, and which ensures management of the NC machine tool by disallowing the NC machine tool from being operated if conditions such as the code number, availability periods and available time windows stored in the storage medium are not satisfied.
  • a CNC which disallows an operator who attempts to operate an NC machine tool from doing so unless the operator loads the storage medium into the CNC and enters a PIN (personal identification number) code which matches that in the storage medium, and which ensures management of the NC machine tool by disallowing the NC machine tool from being operated if conditions such as the code number, availability periods and available time windows stored in the storage medium are not satisfied.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a display control section which allows data shown on a display device to be easily changed, including the language used in the display.
  • the CNC according to the present invention includes a read/write device (R/W device) to allow data in the portable storage medium to be transferred, and contains identification codes denoting NC machine tools, and the storage medium includes identification codes designating operators, PIN codes known only to the operators, and further has data including identification codes of the NC machine tools allowed for operation if there are several NC machine tools.
  • the CNC is designed to perform processing after determining whether or not the operator is permitted to operate the CNC. The CNC always checks to see if the storage medium has been inserted in the CNC. Further, the CNC has clock and calendar functions, and the storage medium includes check data including the operable periods and operable time windows in which the operator is permitted to operate.
  • the display control section of the CNC comprises a font RAM for storing font data used for converting a predetermined character code into display data matching a display section and rewriting means for rewriting the font data placed in the font RAM.
  • the rewriting means comprises an external storage medium for storing the font data and identification codes, and font data storing means for referencing the identification codes stored in the external storage medium for placing into the font RAM the font data stored in the external storage medium only when the external storage medium loaded stores the desired font data.
  • the display control section concerned with the present invention comprises a message RAM for storing message data employed for displaying a predetermined message on a display section and rewriting means for rewriting the message data placed in said message RAM.
  • the rewriting means comprises an external storage medium storing the message data and identification codes employed for identifying the types of message data, and message data storing means for referencing the identification codes stored in the external storage medium for placing into the message RAM the message data stored in the external storage medium only when the loaded external storage medium stores the desired message data.
  • the CNC concerned with the present invention allows a dedicated language to be interpreted and batch-processed and work directive data to be described in the batch-processed dedicated language.
  • the CNC allows screen display commands described in the work directive data to be displayed on the CNC screen.
  • the CNC allows the operator to switch between an ordinary CNC display screen and a work directive screen as appropriate.
  • the CNC allows the work directive displayed on the CNC screen to be printed on a printer.
  • the CNC also allows batch processing currently being performed to be stopped and resumed by operator commands.
  • the CNC allows data, such as parameters and tool data, to be named as appropriate.
  • the CNC allows date and time of creation to be assigned to data such as parameters and tool data.
  • the CNC allows a dedicated language for batch processing in a cutting program to be separated from the cutting program and processed in individual processing systems, and allows work records to be stored into the work record data area of the portable storage medium.
  • the CNC also allows the record of operation performed to be stored in an operation recording memory provided in the CNC.
  • the operator When attempting to operate the NC machine tool, the operator first loads the portable storage medium into the R/W device of the CNC and switches on the CNC power supply. The CNC then directs the operator to enter the PIN code. In response to this directive, the operator enters the PIN code.
  • the NC machine tool is enabled for operation only if the PIN code matches a code in the storage medium and other availability conditions are satisfied (whether or not the NC machine tool is available and is in an available period for this operator, for example.
  • the NC machine tool is disabled.
  • Removal of the storage medium from the CNC disables the CNC.
  • the CNC cannot be operated outside the authorized period and time block during when the operator is permitted to operate the CNC.
  • the rewriting means rewrites the font data of the font RAM or the message data of the message RAM in blocks.
  • the rewriting means references the identification codes stored in the external storage medium and rewrites the font data of the font RAM or the message data of the message RAM in blocks only when the external storage medium contains the desired character data or message data.
  • the CNC performs batch processing according to the work directive data stored in the storage medium, thereby displaying the work directives for the operator on the CNC screen, entering data such as the cutting programs, parameters and tool information, and making the settings for the cutting programs.
  • the operator can work according to the work directives displayed on the CNC screen.
  • the operator can switch between the ordinary CNC screen and the work directive screen as appropriate to view the necessary screen when required, and can output the work directive data displayed on the screen to the printer as required. In addition, the operator can stop and resume the batch processing as needed.
  • the parameters, tool data, etc. can be managed under arbitrary names.
  • the date of creation can be assigned to the parameters, tool data, etc. so that the data can be separated from the date and time of creation.
  • the cutting program and the language dedicated to batch processing can be described on an identical program. Further, the work record of each operator and the operation record of the CNC can be easily kept.
  • the present invention relates to a numerical control system as defined by claims 1 to 13 and comprises a numerical control system for controlling a machine tool comprising: control means for controlling the machine tool; external portable storage means for storing data.
  • the CAM means for generating cutting data includes cutting programs for machining and parameters and tool information set in the numerical control system; external processor means for creating the contents of the external portable storage means, including means for generating work directive data, which data gives an operator instructions given by a manager on the work to be performed; storing means for storing the work record data including the records of the operators work and results of actual machining, on the operation memory of the numerical control system; adapting means, operable when the external portable storage means is manually connected thereto, for reading data including the cutting data and the work directive data from the external portable storage means; and for writing the work record data onto the external portable storage means; the processor means for reading the work record data on the external portable storage means by the manager instructing the operator.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the CNC according to the present invention.
  • the major characteristics of the CNC according to the invention are the additions of a R/W section 20 for transferring data to and from the portable storage medium, an external storage medium processor 21 for controlling the data transfer to and from the storage medium and the main functions of the present invention, and a select switch 22 for switching the operation of the operation board 15 and the MDI 16 to be valid or invalid, and an operation recording memory 23.
  • the CNC according to the present invention is characterized by the use of RAMs in the font and message sections allowing data to be changed as shown in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the portable storage medium processing system. This embodiment will be described employing an IC card as a portable storage medium.
  • the numeral 1 indicates an IC card, and 40 a processor for performing processing such as data transfer to and from the IC card 1.
  • the IC card 1 includes a storage 3 for storing various types of data (described later), an input/output section 4 forming a signal path to and from the processing system 40 or the CNC 10, and a control section 2 comprising, for example, a CPU for controlling the storage section 3 and I/O section 4. Particularly, as shown in Fig.
  • the storage section 3 includes a check data area 31 employed to determine whether the NC machine tool loaded with the IC card 1 is enabled for operation or not, a work directive data area 37 used to give a work directive to the operator, a cutting data area 38 for storing various types of data required for cutting, a work record data area 39 for recording the details of machining faults or errors as well as the details of the work done by the operator, a message data area 77 and a font data area 78 respectively storing messages and fonts in a language used by the operator.
  • a check data area 31 employed to determine whether the NC machine tool loaded with the IC card 1 is enabled for operation or not
  • a work directive data area 37 used to give a work directive to the operator
  • a cutting data area 38 for storing various types of data required for cutting
  • a work record data area 39 for recording the details of machining faults or errors as well as the details of the work done by the operator
  • a message data area 77 and a font data area 78 respectively storing messages and fonts in
  • the check data area 31 includes an identification code area 32 for storing identification code(s) used to identify whether the IC card 1 is the appropriate one for the present system, an operator name area 33, a PIN code area 34, a machine identification code area 35 for storing the identification codes of machines to be authorized, and a time period and time block area 36 for storing the period and time block in which the operator is permitted to use the CNC.
  • the processor 40 is employed by a system manager to set various types of data to the IC card 1 and fetch data from the IC card 1 for the management of the operator's work.
  • the processor 40 may comprise dedicated hardware, a general-purpose computer, or a personal computer, etc.
  • the main hardware block configuration of the processor 40 is provided with a processor section 41 consisting of, for example, a CPU for controlling the whole operation, a storage 43 for storing various types of information, a display 45 for displaying various types of data for the system manager according to the results of the processing in the processor section 41, a printer 46 for printing various types of information, a reader/writer section (hereinafter referred to as the "R/W section") for forming a signal path to and from the loaded IC card 1 for transferring data, and a keyboard 44 employed by the manager to enter various types of data.
  • the storage 43 contains data required for the IC card 1, e.g. various types of data needed for cutting.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a management form of an NC machine tool employing a management system of the present invention, wherein a manager 51 instructs an operator 52 and an operator 53 to perform work by operating an NC machine tool 54 and an NC machine tool 55, respectively.
  • Various types of data required (such as cutting programs for machining and parameters and tool information set in the CNC) are assumed to have been created beforehand using a CAM system 50, and stored in the processor 40. It will be recognized that the CAM system 50 and the processor 40 may operate on the same hardware.
  • the manager 51 devises a work schedule to determine the details of the work to be done by the operators 52, 53.
  • the IC cards 1, 1 corresponding to the operators 52, 53 are created employing the processor 40 in accordance with the work details.
  • the manager 51 gives the IC cards 1 to the operators 52, 53 and instructs them which NC machine tools to use. This instruction is extremely simple because detailed subsequent work directives are stored in the work directive data area 36 (Fig. 4) of the IC cards 1.
  • the operators 52, 53 load the IC cards 1 into the corresponding NC machine tools 54, 55 and carry out the day's work in accordance with the work directives stored in the IC cards 1.
  • the operators 52, 53 remove the respective IC cards 1, from the NC machine tools 54, 55 and deliver them to the manager 51.
  • the operators 52, 53 need not make a detailed report to the manager 51 since the records of their work are kept in the work record data area 34 of the IC cards 1.
  • the manager 51 By loading the IC cards 1 presented by the operators 52, 53 into the processor 40 and reading the work record data 38, the manager 51 will be able to obtain detailed work records and devise the next work schedule according to the contents of the work records.
  • the manager 51 stores various types of necessary data into the storage 43 of the processor 40 before initiating cutting.
  • the manager 51 who has devised the work schedule creates the IC cards 1 to be given to the operators 52, 53 by means of the processor 40 in accordance with the work schedule.
  • a processing flowchart for creating a new IC card is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the contents of the IC card 1 are first loaded into the R/W section 42 of the processor 40 (step 101).
  • the IC card 1 is then formatted (step 102). This process clears all areas of the IC card 1 and writes to the IC card 1 an identification code 32 indicating that the IC card 1 is exclusively used for this system.
  • the name of the operator 33 who will receive the IC card 1 is entered (step 103).
  • the PIN code 34 known only to the operator who will receive the IC card 1 is entered (step 104).
  • the identification codes 35 of the NC machine tool(s) which the operator is permitted to use is entered. Respective identification codes 35 are entered when the operator is to use a plurality of NC machine tools (step 105).
  • the period (duration) and time block (e.g., a work shift) when the operator may use the NC machine tool(s) are entered (step 106).
  • Several periods and time blocks may be set and the day of week may also be changed.
  • the NC machine tool may be used from July 1, 1990 to July 31, 1990, and * 8:00 ; 17:00 indicates the NC machine tool may be used in a time block from 8 o'clock to 5 pm on weekdays.
  • NC machine tool is not allowed for use on Saturdays and Sundays unless otherwise specified as indicated below: ST 8:00; 12:00 indicates that the NC machine tool may be used from 8 o'clock to 12 o'clock on Saturdays.
  • the other days of the week may be specified individually by Monday (MO), Tuesday (TU), Wednesday (WE), Thursday (TH), Friday (FR) and Sunday (SU).
  • #END designates the end of data.
  • step 107 the work directive data to be processed on that day is then entered (step 107). This data gives the operator specific directives on the work to be done on that day and the details thereof will be described later in the section wherein the operator loads the IC card 1 into the NC unit 10 and is given the work directives. All required cutting data is then entered (step 108). Data on the language used by the operator is entered (step 109).
  • the NC unit 10 is provided with a select switch marked 22 in Fig. 1.
  • This switch makes valid or invalid the instructions of the operator given to the NC unit 10 from the operation board 15 and the MDI 16.
  • This select switch 22 is switched ON/OFF on a software basis and switched ON when it is judged that predetermined conditions have been met.
  • the NC unit 10 includes a function of disabling part of the operator's instructions, e.g. a function to disable entered data. This prevents a cutting program or parameters, from being rewritten unless the machine is enabled to accept such instructions.
  • a function to disable entered data e.g. a cutting program or parameters, from being rewritten unless the machine is enabled to accept such instructions.
  • a check is made to see if parameter rewrite is permitted (step 161), and if it is permitted, rewrite processing is performed (step 162). If it is not permitted, error processing is performed (step 163). This processing notifies the operator that parameter rewrite is not permitted, by a screen display, etc.
  • step 164 when an attempt is made to rewrite a cutting program, a check is made to see if cutting program rewrite is permitted (step 164), and if it is permitted, rewrite processing is performed (step 165). If it is not permitted, error processing is performed (step 163).
  • the operator must load the predetermined dedicated IC card 1 into the NC unit 10 before initiating operation.
  • the NC unit 10 is not designed to provide for the removal of the IC card 1 by the operator partway through the operation. Namely, the NC unit 10 always checks if the IC card 1 is properly inserted in the NC unit 10, and if it detects the absence of the IC card 1, the NC unit 10 comes to an emergency stop, brings the machine tool 14 to a stop, and switches off the select switch 22, thereby disabling the NC unit 10 and the machine tool 14 from operation unless the IC card 1 is properly loaded into the NC unit 10 again.
  • Each operator loads the IC card 1 into the R/W section 20 of the corresponding NC machine tool 14 and initiates work.
  • An NC unit processing flowchart beginning with the start of the work by the operator is shown in Fig. 7.
  • the CNC unit 10 and the machine tool 14 are powered up (step 111).
  • the select switch 22 is set to OFF to disable the operation board 15 and the MDI 16 for operation (step 112). This completely disables the NC machine tool 14 for operation until the select switch 22 is set to ON.
  • a check is made to see if the IC card 1 is coupled to or loaded in the R/W section 20 of the CNC 10 (step 113).
  • the following message is displayed on the display unit 17 of the CNC: "LOAD THE IC CARD.” in order to prompt the operator to insert the IC card 1 (step 114). If the IC card 1 is loaded, a check is made to see whether or not the IC card 1 inserted may be used (step 115).
  • This check is performed as shown in Fig. 8.
  • a check is made on the identification code 32 among the data stored in the check data area 31 of the IC card 1 to see if the IC card 1 is for this system (step 130). If it is, the operator is prompted to enter the PIN code (step 131).
  • the select switch 22 is set to ON in this case to enable the PIN code to be entered from the MDI 16.
  • the select switch 22 is set to OFF again and a check is made to see if the PIN code entered matches the PIN code 34 in the IC card 1 (step 132).
  • step 133 a check is made to see if the machine identification code stored in the CNC exists in the machine identification code area 35 stored in the IC card 1 (step 133). If the IC card 1 is judged as valid, then the available period and time block 36 in the IC card 1 are checked to see if permission to use the NC machine tool 14 is granted at this point on the basis of the calendar and the clock in the CNC (step 135). If in the available time windows, permission is granted (step 136). Permission is not granted if any of the conditions at steps 130, 132, 133, 134 and 135 is not satisfied (step 137). Whether or not permission is granted to the operator is judged via the above procedure.
  • the following message or the like is displayed on the display unit 17 of the CNC (step 116): "UNAUTHORIZED" to disable any operation. If permission is provided, then the select switch 22 is set to ON to enable the operation board 15 and the MDI 16 for operation, thereby allowing the operator to operate the NC machine tool 14 (step 117).
  • the CNC reads the operator name 33 recorded in the IC card 1 and records the operator name 33 and the work starting date and time of day into the operation recording memory of the NC unit 10 as shown in Fig. 28 on the basis of the calendar and clock data in the CNC (step 118).
  • Processing on the language data is then performed (step 119). This process replaces the language data in the NC unit 10 with the language data stored in the IC card 1, thereby changing the language displayed by the NC unit 10 if appropriate.
  • Fig. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the display control section of the NC unit 10 concerned with the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the numeral 1 indicates an IC card which, as shown in Fig. 3, includes a storage section 3 for storing various types of data including message data corresponding to the specified language in the area 77 and font data corresponding to the same language in the area 78.
  • the message and font data are language data, e.g. data for English, French, Korean and German.
  • a font RAM 73 is used as a memory. for storing the font data to allow the font data in the NC 10 to be changed.
  • the font RAM 73 is divided into a common font section 75 (a font section used commonly for each language, and containing such common elements as numerals, symbols, etc.) and a language-basis font section 76. Since the common font section 75 need not be changed according to the language used, only the language-basis font section 76 is changed. This language-basis font section is also stored in the font data section 78 of the IC card 1. If desired, the IC card may be made to store the common section data as well, as a guard against memory loss due to battery failure or the like in the NC itself.
  • a RAM area 74 for storing message data on a language basis is provided as shown in Fig. 11 to display messages corresponding to the language used.
  • Messages to be shown on the NC display are not described directly in the control program in the NC 10 but message numbers are described in the control program so that the required message is displayed by extracting the message data corresponding to the specified number from the message RAM 74.
  • step 142 If the data exists, a check is made to see if the font data 78 in the IC card 1 differs from the font data 74 stored in the NC (step 142). If they are identical, font data processing is not performed. If they are different, font data 78 is entered from the IC card 1 to the font RAM 73 in the NC unit 10 (step 143).
  • a language identification code 84 in the font data section 78 as shown in Fig. 20 is compared with the language identification codes in the font data section of the CNC.
  • the message data is also identified in an identical manner.
  • the contents of the font RAM 73 can be changed as appropriate by storing the font data placed in the font data area 78 of the IC card 1 into the font RAM 73 of the NC unit 10.
  • the contents of the message RAM 74 can be changed as appropriate by storing the message data placed in the message data area 77 of the IC card 1 into the message RAM 74 of the NC unit 10.
  • the NC unit 10 After reading the work directive data 37 in the IC card 1, the NC unit 10 proceeds with the work by displaying a work directive for the operator according to the data described in the work directive data area 37 (step 120), entering the cutting program, parameters, tool information, etc. as required (step 121), storing the work record into the work record data area 39 of the IC card 1 (step 122), and performing the batch processing for the next work directive.
  • the NC unit 10 records the work end time of day in the CNC (step 124) and terminates the work.
  • the select switch 22 is set to OFF to disable the NC machine tool for further operations (step 125).
  • the above work directive data is processed as batch data in a batch processor 8 as shown in Fig. 24.
  • the NC unit known in the art only analyzes and runs the cutting program in a cutting program processor 9
  • the NC unit 10 according to the present invention is provided with the batch processor 8 on a higher level than the cutting program processor 9 to allow the batch data such as the work directive data 32 to be processed, the NC unit 10 to transfer various types of data, such as the cutting program, parameter and tool data, and run the specified cutting program the specified number of times, and to allow the data to be displayed on the display unit 17 of the NC unit 10 to give the operator the work directives. It is also possible to switch from batch processing to ordinary processing to operate the NC unit 10 without performing batch processing, unlike in the ordinary NC unit.
  • Fig. 14 gives an example of a display provided on the CRT screen 72 of the display unit 17 on the NC unit 10 while batch processing is performed. As shown on this screen, it is possible to display a work directive for the operator on the CRT screen 72 on the basis of the work directive data 37.
  • Menu items "PRECEDING SCREEN” and “FOLLOWING SCREEN” are employed to view the preceding screen and the following screen, respectively, when a long work directive must be displayed over a plurality of screens.
  • the most recent work directive data is displayed on the screen 72.
  • display data 26 to be shown on the CRT screen 72 of the display unit 17 on the NC unit 10 are created by synthesizing screen data 29 created by ordinary processing, i.e. screen data to be displayed when batch processing is not performed, and screen data 30 created by the batch processing as shown in Fig. 26.
  • the data 29, 30 is stored until updated, and therefore, any area cleared by the data 30 displayed by batch processing can be restored any time, and conversely, the data 30 created by the batch processing can be displayed again.
  • the menu item "WORK DIRECTIVE” is highlighted. If the data 30 created by the batch processing is erased, the "WORK DIRECTIVE" item is not highlighted. By selecting this "WORK DIRECTIVE" menu item, the work directive display can be erased or redisplayed. When the work directive extends over a plurality of screens, all data is created in the area 30 and part of that data is displayed on the screen. Therefore, the required area of the work directive can be displayed on the CRT screen 72 by pressing the menu item "PRECEDING SCREEN” or “FOLLOWING SCREEN”. A menu item "PRINT” is employed to print the work directive, i.e., the data displayed by batch processing, on a printer.
  • a menu item "CHECK” is used to notify the NC unit 10 that the operator has finished the required work in response to the work directive.
  • Fig. 13 provides an example of the work directive data, which is stored in the work directive data area 37 of the IC card 1.
  • the NC reads and executes this data sequentially. It should be noted that while the work directive data 37 is executed after it is read in the system of the present invention, it is possible to sequentially execute the work directive data 37 while simultaneously reading it from the IC card 1.
  • *DISP ALL indicates that the entire area of the CRT screen 72 of the display unit 17 on the NC unit 10 is used. This causes the whole area of the CRT screen 72 to be employed for display.
  • the operator can specify the area desired for use as indicated below: *DISP @16, 50 - 20, 80 which indicates that only the area from line 16, column 50 to line 20, column 80 on the screen is used for display and the previously displayed data remains in the other area.
  • *CLEAR indicates that the specified screen area (the entire screen for *DISP ALL and only the specified portion for other display situations, i.e., *DISP @ 16, 50 - 20, 80) is cleared.
  • *@6, 23 SAY "*** TOOL LAYOUT ***" indicates that the data enclosed in the quotation marks (" ") is displayed in the specified position, i.e.: *** TOOL LAYOUT *** is displayed, beginning in line 6, column 23, in the above example.
  • *CHECK progresses the execution to the next step when the operator presses the menu key 25 corresponding to the "CHECK" menu item 27 displayed on the display unit 17 in Fig. 14.
  • *LOAD W120 indicates that the cutting program for workpiece No. 120 in the IC card 1 is stored into the memory 18 of the NC unit 10.
  • *LOAD P001, 90.08.03 indicates that parameters in the IC card 1 are stored into the memory 18 of the NC unit 10.
  • "P001" shown above is a parameter name and "90.8.03" denotes the date of creation.
  • the NC unit 10 manages all data, such as the parameters and tool data, under names 81 and dates 82 assigned thereto as indicated in Fig. 22; wherein the numeral 80 indicates a parameter data section contained in the memory 18 of the NC unit 10 and parameter names 81 and dates of creation 82 are stored therein together with parameter data 83.
  • the date may include year, month, day and time of day.
  • Fig. 23 illustrates a processing flowchart for storing the data of the IC card 1 into the memory 18 of the NC unit 10.
  • a check is made to see if a parameter specified in the work data 37 also exists in the cutting data area 38 of the IC card 1 (step 151). In this case, a check is made to determine whether both the parameter name and date are identical. If the specified parameter does not exist in the IC card 1, a check is made to see if the specified parameter is identical to a parameter stored in the NC (step 152). If it does and they are identical, the processing is terminated. If they are different, error processing is performed (step 153) and the processing is then terminated. In error processing, a message is displayed to notify the operator that the parameter does not exist and asks the operator what to do.
  • step 151 If the specified parameter exists in the IC card 1 at step 151, a check is made to see if the specified parameter is identical to one stored in the NC (step 154). If they are different, the parameter stored in the cutting data area 38 of the IC card 1 is read to the memory 18 of the NC unit 10 (step 155). If they are identical, processing is terminated since the parameter need not be read. Whether they are identical or not is judged by the parameter names 81 and parameter dates 82.
  • the dates 82 are also changed to the dates when the data has been rewritten. This allows any data, whether or not it has been changed by the operator, to be easily identified.
  • *LOAD T001, 90.08.11 indicates that the tool data is stored into the memory 18 of the NC unit 10.
  • "T001" is a tool data name and "09.08.11” represents a date of creation.
  • the procedure for storing the tool data into the NC unit 10 is also similar to that used in the case of parameters.
  • *D0 W120, 1500 indicates a command which repeats the cutting of workpiece No. 120 1500 times. This causes the NC unit 10 to be started and the cutting program of the workpiece No. 120 to be consecutively run 1500 times.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates a work directive displayed on the CRT screen 72 of the display unit 17 on the NC unit 10 at a time when the work data in Fig. 13 is executed.
  • This directive instructs the operator to set the tool data as directed.
  • the next work directive as shown in Fig. 15 is displayed. In this way, appropriate work directives can be given to the operator sequentially on the basis of the work directive data 37.
  • WC is a numerical value representing the number of workpieces cut.
  • the batch processing data is treated as the work directive data 37 separately from the cutting program and executed by the batch processor 8.
  • any batch data is headed by "*" or "@” which clearly differentiates batch data from ordinary NC cutting program commands, i.e. a cutting program conforming to the EIA programming standard, the batch data may be described within the ordinary cutting program and executed separately from the cutting program. This allows directives to be given and messages to be displayed for the operator more appropriately when they are required partway through the cutting.
  • Fig. 18 shows an example of data recorded in the work record data area 39 of the IC card 1, wherein the work start time of day and the end time of day are recorded.
  • the work was started at 8:11 in the morning on August 7, 1990 and ended at 4:41 in the afternoon on the same day.
  • the "time of day” when a "CODE” and its event occur and the "details" of the event are recorded.
  • the following information is recorded:
  • the manager 51 can display this data on the display 45 of the processor 40 or print it on the printer 46.
  • Fig. 9 shows a work operation record stored in the operation recording memory 23 in the CNC.
  • an operator named "MITSUBISHI MIKI” operated continuously from 8:11 to 4:41 on August 7, 1990, and then an operator named “MITSUBISHI YOUKO” began work at 8:15 on August 8, 1990.
  • a detailed work record similar to the data recorded in the work record data area 39 of the IC card 1 is also recorded here at the same time.
  • the present invention allows only authorized operators to operate the CNC, ensuring that the CNC cannot be employed without permission. In addition, closer management can be performed because operators may be authorized to use the CNC corresponding to only one or a plurality of machines. Unlike the data rewrite disable key employed with the prior art CNC, the present invention allows any operator use to be invalidated, thereby preventing illegal use.
  • the present invention can selectively disable operation for items resulting in inconvenience if rewritten erroneously, e.g. parameters and cutting programs, eliminating the possibility of illegal data changes. Closer management can be conducted since permission is granted on an operator basis.
  • the present invention disables the operation of the CNC to prevent the CNC from being operated illegally. Further, if the operator removes storage medium on leaving the field site, it is possible to completely prevent the CNC from being operated by any unauthorized person.
  • the present invention allows the CNC to be operated only during a period and time band permitted to the operator.
  • the present invention allows the language shown on the display of the NC to be changed as desired according to the operator, whereby the NC can be operated by any operator independently of the language he or she speaks and utilized in any country, contributing to the achievement of effective utilization of the NC on an international basis.
  • the present invention ensures ease of changing the language, producing an advantageous effect on the utilization environment of the NC wherein different languages are employed alternately. Further, data necessary for the change in language is placed in a single IC card which is freely portable and the operator can carry his or her own IC card and easily switch to a language he or she prefers at the start of work, leading to an improvement in working environment of the operator. Moreover, since the font in the NC can be changed, symbols and the like can be used as required to give a message to the operator. Further, the present invention prevents the contents of the font RAM or the message RAM from being rewritten accidentally; the external storage medium contains the desired font data or message data.
  • the CNC describes all necessary instructions automatically in the work directive data and executes the data in batch processing. This ensures that data entry errors, misoperation, etc. can be prevented. In addition, when manual work by the operator is unnecessary, all work can be done by batch processing only, which eliminates the need of manpower other than an operator deployed in the case of an emergency, making a large contribution toward unattended operation of the CNC.
  • the present invention can give appropriate work directives to the operator by sequentially displaying them on the CNC screen.
  • the present invention allows switching between the work directive display and the ordinary CNC display so that the last work directive displayed may be checked.
  • the operator can output the work directive displayed on the screen to the printer as required, which is useful when work must be done at a location where it is difficult for the operator to do the work and view the screen at the same time.
  • batch processing can be stopped and resumed at any time, which is useful when the operator wishes to stop a machine tool and take a rest or when it is desired to halt cutting for such purposes as chip removal.
  • Data such as parameters and tool information need not be checked in detail and can be differentiated using assigned names so that whether or not the data is correct can be judged by simply checking the names before cutting. As compared to a case where names cannot be assigned in the prior art, easier management is ensured by assigning names to the data corresponding to cutting.
  • the date of creation can be assigned for ease of checking if the data has been rewritten. Comparison of the names and dates of creation allows any data to be checked securely, increasing the reliability of the work.
  • Data can be displayed on the CNC screen during the run of a cutting program and the control of the cutting program run itself can be described in a dedicated language, making the cutting program control considerably flexible.
  • the work record of each operator can be kept exactly to ensure precise work management.
  • the operation record of the CNC can be kept exactly to ensure proper CNC management. This allows any accident resulting from misoperation, etc. to be troubleshooted easily.
EP95114268A 1990-04-05 1991-04-05 Numerically controlled machine tool management system Expired - Lifetime EP0689114B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9098090 1990-04-05
JP9098090 1990-04-05
JP90980/90 1990-04-05
JP3064939A JP2993158B2 (ja) 1990-04-05 1991-03-28 数値制御装置
JP64939/91 1991-03-28
JP6493991 1991-03-28
EP91105417A EP0450647B1 (en) 1990-04-05 1991-04-05 Numerically controlled machine tool management system

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EP91105417A Division EP0450647B1 (en) 1990-04-05 1991-04-05 Numerically controlled machine tool management system

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EP0689114A2 EP0689114A2 (en) 1995-12-27
EP0689114A3 EP0689114A3 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0689114B1 true EP0689114B1 (en) 2003-02-12

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EP95114254A Expired - Lifetime EP0689112B1 (en) 1990-04-05 1991-04-05 Numerically controlled machine tool management system
EP95114268A Expired - Lifetime EP0689114B1 (en) 1990-04-05 1991-04-05 Numerically controlled machine tool management system
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN102929207A (zh) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-13 西安交通大学 一种数控机床伺服系统控制参数优化方法
CN102929207B (zh) * 2012-11-09 2015-01-21 西安交通大学 一种数控机床伺服系统控制参数优化方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0450647A2 (en) 1991-10-09
EP0689112A3 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0689115A3 (en) 1996-02-07
US5391968A (en) 1995-02-21
DE69131868T2 (de) 2000-06-29
EP0689113A2 (en) 1995-12-27
EP0689115A2 (en) 1995-12-27
HK1007012A1 (en) 1999-03-26
EP0689113B1 (en) 2007-02-21
JP2993158B2 (ja) 1999-12-20
EP0689114A2 (en) 1995-12-27
DE69133560T2 (de) 2007-12-06
EP0689115B1 (en) 1999-12-22
US5248924A (en) 1993-09-28
DE69133168T2 (de) 2003-09-11
EP0450647A3 (en) 1992-07-08
EP0689112A2 (en) 1995-12-27
DE69133560D1 (de) 2007-04-05
JPH04211808A (ja) 1992-08-03
EP0689114A3 (en) 1996-02-07
DE69131868D1 (de) 2000-01-27
EP0689112B1 (en) 2002-12-04
EP0450647B1 (en) 1996-07-03
DE69133168D1 (de) 2003-01-16
DE69120577D1 (de) 1996-08-08
DE69133196D1 (de) 2003-03-20
DE69133196T4 (de) 2005-01-27
DE69120577T2 (de) 1997-01-09
DE69133196T2 (de) 2003-10-09
EP0689113A3 (en) 1996-02-07

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