CN1898415A - 用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带及其制造方法 - Google Patents
用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1898415A CN1898415A CNA2004800383323A CN200480038332A CN1898415A CN 1898415 A CN1898415 A CN 1898415A CN A2004800383323 A CNA2004800383323 A CN A2004800383323A CN 200480038332 A CN200480038332 A CN 200480038332A CN 1898415 A CN1898415 A CN 1898415A
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- silver
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag] NEIHULKJZQTQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008698 shear stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium cyanate Chemical compound [K]OC#N GKKCIDNWFBPDBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;isocyanate Chemical compound [Ag+].[N-]=C=O DOQQTKLDEQSKIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
- C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
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- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
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- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/78—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites
- H01H13/785—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard characterised by the contacts or the contact sites characterised by the material of the contacts, e.g. conductive polymers
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Abstract
一种用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带,其具有在至少部分不锈钢基底表面上的包括镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金的任一种的底涂层,且具有作为上层形成的银或银合金层,其中厚度为0.05至2.0μm的铜或铜合金层设置在银或银合金层与底涂层之间;和一种制造上述覆有银的不锈钢带的方法,其中将所述带在非氧化气氛下进行热处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有长工作寿命的用于电触点的材料,更特别地涉及一种在可用于可移动触点的操作中具有长寿命的覆有银的不锈钢带。
背景技术
盘簧触点、电刷触点和夹子触点(clip contact)都已经主要用于电触点,如连接器、开关和端子。经常用于触点的复合材料包括具有优良耐蚀性和机械性能的相对便宜的基底如铜合金和不锈钢,且基底涂有电特性和可焊性优良的银。
在上述触点用复合材料中,使用不锈钢用于基底的那些能制备小尺寸的触点,因为它们在机械特性和疲劳寿命方面比使用铜合金的触点用复合材料优越。因此,它们用于要求具有长寿命的可移动触点,如触推开关和传感器开关。近年来这些材料常常用于移动电话的按钮,其中由于邮件功能和互联网功能的多样化,移动电话按钮开关的操作次数迅速增加。
然而,虽然与覆有银的铜合金相比,覆有银的不锈钢能够制造尺寸小的开关同时增加操作次数,但是存在的问题是因为开关中触点处的压力大,由于银的磨损使得寿命缩短。
作为覆有银的或银合金的不锈钢带,常常使用其中基底镀镍的那些。然而,当这种不锈钢带用于开关时,触点处的银由于开关操作次数增加而磨损导致脱落。结果,基底的镀镍层暴露于空气,这增大了接触电阻,且可归因于不导通(mal-continuity)的故障变得明显。实际上,这种现象容易发生具有小直径的圆顶形可移动触点中,这对于开关的进一步小型化是至关重要的技术问题。
为了解决该问题,将钯镀在镀镍层上,并在其上另外镀金。然而,由于钯导电性差,触点处电阻增大。
因此,镍、铜、镍和金依次镀在不锈钢上以改善导电性。然而,在弯曲过程中,由于镀镍层的硬度,在上层中出现裂纹,以通过使得底涂层暴露在空气中而使耐蚀性劣化,尽管镀镍层本身具有优良的耐蚀性。
本发明的其它和进一步特征及优点将通过结合附图的以下说明更加充分地体现。
附图说明
图1是用于按键测试的开关的平面图。
图2(a)和2(b)分别示出了图1中用于按键测试的开关沿着A-A线的横截面及其压缩状态。图2(a)典型地示出了操作之前的开关,且图2(b)典型地示出了操作过程中的开关。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了以下方式:
(1)一种用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带,其具有在不锈钢基底的至少部分表面上的包括镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金的任一种的底涂层,且具有作为上层形成的银或银合金层,其中厚度为0.05至2.0μm的铜或铜合金层设置在银或银合金层与底涂层之间;
(2)根据上述第(1)项的用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带,其中在银或银合金层和铜或铜合金层之间形成银-铜合金层;
(3)一种制备用于可移动触点覆有银的不锈钢带的方法,包括以下步骤:在不锈钢基底的至少部分表面上形成包括镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金的任一种的底涂层;形成铜或铜合金的中间层;用银或银合金涂覆;和在非氧化气氛下热处理。
具体实施方式
通过为了解决传统方法中的问题而进行的深入研究,本发明人已发现在使用传统覆有银的不锈钢用于触推开关的情况下,随着连续操作次数的增加,开关发热,且剪切应力反复施加到镀膜上。因此,银层的粘附力降低,容易导致脱落和刮屑,由此通过使氧化的底涂层暴露在空气中而增大接触电阻。本发明是基于上述发现而完成的。
本发明用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带的优选实施方式及其制造方法将在下面详细说明。
本发明涉及用于由以下步骤形成的可移动触点的材料,该步骤包括:在不锈钢基底的至少部分表面上形成镍、钴、镍合金或钴合金的底涂层;和形成铜或铜合金的中间层,和作为上层的银或银合金层。使用上述触点材料,即使增加开关操作次数,接触电阻也几乎不增大。
因为不锈钢基底当用于可移动触点时担负机械强度,所以具有优良应力松弛特性并很难发生疲劳断裂的张力退火材料(tension anneal material)和硬化冷轧材料(temper rolling material)如SUS301、SUS304和SUS316通常用作在本发明中的不锈钢基底。
布置形成于不锈钢基底上的底涂层以提高不锈钢和铜或铜合金层之间的粘附力。此外,铜或铜合金中间层能提高底涂层和银或银合金层之间的粘附力。
形成底涂层的金属选自镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金中任一种,且优选为镍。底涂层优选使用例如含氯化镍和游离盐酸的电解质溶液、并使用不锈钢基底作为负极通过电解形成0.05至2.0μm的镀覆厚度。(尽管在后面说明了使用镍作为用于底涂层的金属的实施例,但是,金属并不限于镍,在钴、镍合金或钴合金的情况下同样的说明也是有效的。)
因为降低传统银层和银合金层之间粘附力的原因是底涂层的氧化和反复施加的大剪切应力,所以作为其的对抗措施必须避免底涂层的氧化,并开发一种即使通过施加剪切力也不会使其粘附力劣化的材料。
本发明中为了避免底涂层被氧化,设置包括铜或铜合金的中间层。由于氧渗透到银层中而发生氧化。当通过布置铜或铜合金来形成银-铜合金层时,银-铜合金层抑制氧的渗透,起到防止粘附力降低的作用。
对剪切应力的抵抗力通过用于在相邻两层(银和铜、铜和镍)之间形成固溶体的组合得到改善。对剪切应力的抗裂强度在传统Ag层-Ni层之间弱,因为镍在银中的固体浓度非常小。通过深入研究,本发明人发现通过在银和镍之间形成铜层而在界面上形成银和铜的合金,以提高抗剪切应力的强度。
在本发明中,虽然底涂层、铜或铜合金层和银或银合金层的每一层可以用任何方法如电镀法、无电镀法、化学/物理沉积法来形成,但是从生产率和成本的角度来看电镀法是最有利的。虽然上述每一层可以形成在不锈钢基底的整个表面上,但是仅在触点部分形成涂层在经济上是有利的。
此外,为了改善粘附强度,当在非氧化气氛下实施热处理时,银易于扩散,由此提高抗剪切应力的强度。这是因为银-铜合金层变厚了。然而,过度热处理反而使接触稳定性劣化,因为表面层中的所有银都并入合金中。此外,当银-铜合金层变厚时,导电性降低。银-铜合金层的厚度优选为0.1μm或更小。尽管没有特别限定下限,但通常为0.01μm或更大。优选加热条件为在200~400℃下加热1分钟至5小时。
虽然氢气、氦气、氩气或氮气都可以用作非氧化气氛气体,但是优选氩气。
通过将银或银合金涂层的厚度控制在0.5~2.0μm,由于即使在加热后银残留在表面上,接触稳定性变得优良。对于银合金,优选在银中添加0.1~2.0质量%的锑以改善耐磨性。
铜或铜合金层的厚度优选为0.05~2.0μm,更优选在0.1~1.2μm的范围内。虽然铜或铜合金的组成并没有特别限制,但是优选纯铜和含有1~10质量%的选自锡、锌和镍中一种或多种元素的铜合金。
太薄或太厚的铜或铜合金层不是优选的,因为在前者的情况下几乎不能显示出提供该层的作用,而在后者的情况下降低基底可移动触点的作用力(actionforce)。
构成底涂层的镍和钴并没有特别限制。然而,除纯镍外,优选含有1~10质量%钴的镍合金。当镍或镍合金的底涂层的厚度太薄时,底涂层的作用小,而当厚度太厚时,基底可移动触点的作用力减小。
在本发明中,覆有银的不锈钢带的尺寸依据其用途而不同,且没有特别限制。例如,该带可以是带厚为0.03~0.20mm、且带宽为3~50mm的连续带。带长没有特别限制,且例如可以由连续方法制造。
作为可移动触点的本发明覆有银的不锈钢带即使通过反复施加剪切应力也有优良的镀层粘附性,且作为开关的寿命得到改善。进一步,本发明制造覆有银的不锈钢带的方法有利地用于制造上述覆有银的不锈钢带。
实施例
本发明将基于下面给出的实施例进行更详细的描述,但是本发明并不意味着受此限制。
厚度为0.06mm且带宽为100mm的SUS 301带在镀覆机组作业线中经过电解脱脂、水洗、电解活化、水洗、镀镍(或镀镍-钴)、水洗、镀铜、水洗、触击电镀银、镀银、水洗和干燥的每一个处理,其中将SUS 301带连续供给随后卷绕。
处理条件如下所示。
1.(电解脱脂和电解活化)
通过在浓度为100g/l的正硅酸钠水溶液中阴极电解脱脂,然后用10%盐酸水溶液洗涤来活化不锈钢带。
2.(镀镍)
将已活化不锈钢带在含有250g/l氯化镍和50g/l游离盐酸的电解溶液中在5A/dm2的阴极电流密度下进行电解。
3.(镀铜)
将镀镍不锈钢带在含有150g/l硫酸铜和100g/l游离硫酸的电解溶液中在5A/dm2的阴极电流密度下进行电解。
4.(触击电镀银)
将镀铜不锈钢带在含有5g/l氰酸银和50g/l氰酸钾的电解溶液中在2A/dm2的阴极电流密度下进行电解。
5.(镀银)
将触击电镀银后的不锈钢带在含有50g/l氰酸银、50g/l氰酸钾和30g/l碳酸钾的电解溶液中在5A/dm2的阴极电流密度下进行电解。
制造如表1所示用于可移动触点的镀银不锈钢带,同时对作为中间层的镀铜层的厚度进行各种改变。将实施例6中的样品在镀银后完成干燥之后进行热处理(在氩气(Ar)气氛中250℃×2小时)。
在传统实施例(conventional example)中,镀铜及随后的水洗在镀覆机组作业线中省略,在该作业线中将SUS 301带连续供给随后卷绕。
将获得的这些用于可移动触点的镀银不锈钢带加工成直径为4mmφ的圆顶形可移动触点,且将由此获得的具有如图1和图2(a)和图2(b)所示结构的开关使用具有厚度为1μm的银镀层的黄铜带作为固定触点进行按键测试。图1示出了用于按键测试的开关的平面图。图2(a)和图2(b)示出了用于按键测试的开关沿着图1中A-A线的横截面视图及其压制压力。图2(a)示出了开关按压之前的视图,图2(b)示出了在开关按压过程中的视图。附图中,附图标记1表示由镀银不锈钢制成的圆顶形可移动触点;附图标记2表示镀银黄铜的固定触点。用树脂填充料3将可移动触点和固定触点并入树脂容器4中。附图中空心箭头表示按压方向。
关于按键测试,以9.8N/mm2的压力在5Hz的按键频率下最多进行1,000,000次按键,然后测量接触电阻随时间的改变。结果显示在表1中。此外,在1,000,000次按键测试之后观察可移动触点的状态,且结果也显示在该表中。
在本发明用于可移动触点的镀银不锈钢带中,即使在1,000,000次按键测试之后也仅观察到接触电阻的轻微增大。此外,即使在100,000次按键测试之后,在触点部分中,中间层和底涂层也不暴露在空气中。此外,即使中间层的厚度小至0.05μm,在进行热处理的实施例6的样品中也没有观察到接触电阻的增大。
在厚度为0.01μm的铜中间层的比较例中,接触电阻从100,000次按键测试开始增加,在1,000,000次按键测试时达到250mΩ,尽管该结果优于传统实施例。此外,还观察到触点处底涂层稍微暴露在空气中。
在没有中间层的传统实施例中,接触电阻从100,000次按键测试开始增加,在1,000,000次按键测试时超过1,000mΩ。在触点部分处的银脱落,且底涂层暴露在空气中。
表1
实施例 | 可移动触点处涂膜的构成 | 热处理 | 按键测试中接触电阻测量结果(mΩ) | 1,000,000次按键测试后可移动触点状态 | ||||||||||
银层 | 中间层 | 底涂层 | ||||||||||||
种类 | 厚度(μm) | 种类 | 厚度(μm) | 种类 | 厚度(μm) | 在氩气中250℃2小时 | 初始 | 10000次 | 50000次 | 100000次 | 500000次 | 1000000次 | ||
实施例1 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜 | 0.1 | 镍 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
实施例2 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜-5%锡 | 0.5 | 镍 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 10 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
实施例3 | 银-1%锑 | 1.0 | 铜-5%锌 | 1 | 镍-10%钴 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
实施例4 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜 | 2 | 钴 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
实施例5 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜 | 0.05 | 镍 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 20 | 30 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
实施例6 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜 | 0.05 | 镍 | 0.3 | 进行 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 底涂层没有暴露 |
比较例 | 银 | 1.0 | 铜 | 0.01 | 镍 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 12 | 12 | 30 | 80 | 170 | 250 | 底涂层稍微暴露 |
传统实施例 | 银 | 1.0 | 无 | - | 镍 | 0.3 | 不进行 | 12 | 12 | 30 | 230 | 800 | >1000 | 银层脱落且底涂层暴露 |
工业应用性
与用于可移动触点的传统材料相比,在本发明用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带中,在反复施加剪切应力后覆有银的涂层的粘附力不降低。此外,本发明覆有银的不锈钢带有优良的接触稳定性和导电性,使得可移动触点能够有长寿命且为小尺寸。
已参照本发明实施方式描述了本发明,我们的意图在于本发明不受说明的任何细节的限制,除非有特殊说明,而是应当在所附权利要求表示的精神和范围内宽泛地解释。
Claims (3)
1、一种用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带,其具有在不锈钢基底至少部分表面上形成的镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金的任一种的底涂层,且具有作为上层形成的银或银合金层,其中厚度为0.05至2.0μm的铜或铜合金层设置在银或银合金层与底涂层之间。
2、根据权利要求1的用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带,其中在银或银合金层和铜或铜合金层之间形成银-铜合金层。
3、一种制备用于可移动触点的覆有银的不锈钢带的方法,包括以下步骤:
在不锈钢基底的至少部分表面上形成镍、钴、镍合金和钴合金的任一种的底涂层;
形成铜或铜合金的中间层;
用银或银合金涂覆;
在非氧化气氛下热处理。
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2003
- 2003-10-31 JP JP2003372008A patent/JP4728571B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2004
- 2004-10-25 WO PCT/JP2004/016182 patent/WO2005042806A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-25 CN CN2004800383323A patent/CN1898415B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-25 KR KR1020067010467A patent/KR100773180B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-25 EP EP04793283.5A patent/EP1690963B1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-27 TW TW093132461A patent/TW200525050A/zh unknown
-
2006
- 2006-04-28 US US11/413,041 patent/US20060188744A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2010
- 2010-03-29 US US12/748,587 patent/US7923651B2/en active Active
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CN102667989A (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-09-12 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | 可动接点部件用银包覆复合材料、其制造方法以及可动接点部件 |
CN102667989B (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2016-05-04 | 古河电气工业株式会社 | 可动接点部件用银包覆复合材料、其制造方法以及可动接点部件 |
CN105453206A (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2016-03-30 | 株式会社德力本店 | 电触点和触头 |
CN105453206B (zh) * | 2013-08-06 | 2018-07-10 | 株式会社德力本店 | 电触点和触头 |
CN108418016A (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-17 | 苏州塞澳电气有限公司 | 一种汽车玻璃加热线连接端子及其加工方法 |
Also Published As
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US7923651B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
WO2005042806A1 (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
JP2005133169A (ja) | 2005-05-26 |
EP1690963B1 (en) | 2013-12-04 |
EP1690963A4 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
KR20060103441A (ko) | 2006-09-29 |
TWI322201B (zh) | 2010-03-21 |
KR100773180B1 (ko) | 2007-11-02 |
EP1690963A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
US20100187084A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
CN1898415B (zh) | 2010-09-08 |
US20060188744A1 (en) | 2006-08-24 |
JP4728571B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
TW200525050A (en) | 2005-08-01 |
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