CN1529696A - 制备胆固醇酯转运蛋白抑制剂的方法 - Google Patents
制备胆固醇酯转运蛋白抑制剂的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1529696A CN1529696A CNA028091442A CN02809144A CN1529696A CN 1529696 A CN1529696 A CN 1529696A CN A028091442 A CNA028091442 A CN A028091442A CN 02809144 A CN02809144 A CN 02809144A CN 1529696 A CN1529696 A CN 1529696A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- benzyl
- trifluoromethyl
- preparation
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 119
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 (trifluoromethyl) benzyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl carbonochloridate Chemical compound ClC(=O)OC=C PQLFROTZSIMBKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC=C1 GETTZEONDQJALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- GXWRCJSBXJAUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-ethyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-quinoline-1-carboxylate Chemical class FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C2N(C(=O)OC(C)C)C(CC)CCC2=C1 GXWRCJSBXJAUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
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- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- JCBPETKZIGVZRE-SCSAIBSYSA-N (2r)-2-aminobutan-1-ol Chemical class CC[C@@H](N)CO JCBPETKZIGVZRE-SCSAIBSYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- NWDUUMKBQJCPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopentanenitrile;methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O.CCCC(N)C#N NWDUUMKBQJCPDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- UOHBMRODJBFDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)O.[Li] Chemical compound C(C)(C)(C)O.[Li] UOHBMRODJBFDPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010023302 HDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- VQCYKZZBNPEKNK-SMDQHNSPSA-N ethyl formate methyl (2R,4S)-2-amino-2-ethyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinoline-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C(=O)OCC.C(C)[C@]1(NC2=CC=C(C=C2[C@H](C1)C(=O)OC)C(F)(F)F)N VQCYKZZBNPEKNK-SMDQHNSPSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及制备某些胆固醇酯转运蛋白抑制剂及其相关中间体的方法。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及制备某些胆固醇酯转运蛋白抑制剂及其相关中间体的方法。
发明背景
动脉粥样硬化及其相关的冠状动脉疾病(CAD)在工业化国家中是死亡率最高的疾病。在美国,尽管人们试图通过改变饮食和药物疗法来改善次级危险因素(吸烟、肥胖、缺乏锻练)并治疗血脂异常,但冠心病(CHD)仍然是死亡的最主要原因。
现已表明这种情况发展的危险性与某些血脂水平有着密切关系。虽然高LDL-C最能辨认是血脂异常的指标,但并不表明它是引起CHD的唯一原因。低HDL-C也被认为是CHD的一种危险因素(Gordon,D.J.,等,″High-densityLipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Disease″,Circulation,(1989),79:8-15)。
高LDL胆固醇和甘油三酯水平与心血管疾病的发展有正面关系,而高水平的HDL胆固醇是负面关系。因此,血脂异常并不是CHD的单一危险指标,而是包含着一种或多种的脂质异常。
在许多因素中,控制这类疾病的两种血浆水平的依赖性原则、胆固醇酯转运蛋白(CETP)活性这三者均有影响。人们已发现,70,000道尔顿血糖蛋白在许多动物物种(包括人)中所起的作用是在脂蛋白颗粒之间转运胆固醇酯和甘油三酯,包括高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、极密度脂蛋白(LDL)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和乳糜微粒。CETP活性的最终结果是HDL胆固醇降低和LDL胆固醇升高。脂蛋白水平的这种影响被认为是促动脉粥样硬化的,这在脂质水平促使CHD危险增加的患者中尤其如此。
现有的提高HDL的疗法不完全令人满意。烟酸能显著提高HDL,但它有严重的耐药性导致降低活性。贝特类药物(Fibrates)和HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂只是少量提高HDL-C。因此,现在显然不能满足医药上对于耐受性好的、能明显提高血浆HDL水平,从而逆转或减缓动脉粥样硬化发展的药物的需求。
公开号为WO 00/02887的PCT申请公开了含有某些新配体的催化剂的应用,这类配体用于过渡金属催化的碳-杂原子和碳-碳键形成中的过渡金属。
本申请引用的美国共同转让专利6,140,343特别公开了CETP抑制剂,即顺式-4-[乙酰基-(3,5-二-三氟是甲基-苄基)-氨基]-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸异丙酯,及其制备方法(例如实施例46中所公开的方法)。
本申请引用的美国共同转让专利6,197,786特别公开了CETP抑制剂,即顺式-4-[(3,5-二-三氟是甲基-苄基)-甲氧基羰基-氨基]-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸乙酯及其制备方法(例如实施例7中所公开的方法)。
发明概述
本发明一方面是式VIIIA化合物的制备方法,
包括式VIIA化合物
在碱优选吡啶存在下与氯甲酸乙酯进行混合,生成式VIIIA化合物。
本发明另一方面是式IA化合物的制备方法,
包括上述式VIIIA化合物在碱优选叔丁醇钾的存在下与3,5-二(三氟甲基)苄基卤化物进行混合。
本发明另一方面是式VIIIB化合物的制备方法,
其中R1为苄基和取代苄基,
包括式VIIB化合物
其中R1定义如上面对式VIIIB化合物的定义,
与氯甲酸异丙酯在碱优选吡啶碱存在下进行混合,生成所需的VIIIB化合物。
本发明的又一方面是式IB化合物的制备方法,
包括如下步骤:
a)R1为苄基或取代苄基的上述式VIIIB化合物用还原剂进行还原,生成顺式-4-氨基-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯;
b)首先用3,5-二-三氟甲基苯甲醛在酸性条件下处理所述顺式-4-氨基-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯,接着用还原剂进行还原,生成顺式-4-(3,5-二-三甲基-苄氨基)-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯;
c)将所述顺式-4-(3,5-二-三甲基-苄氨基)-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯用乙酰化试剂进行处理,生成式IB化合物,其中所述式VIIIB的制备方法包括上述式VIIB化合物与氯甲酸异丙酯进行混合,生成式VIIIB化合物。
本发明另一方面是式VIIIA化合物
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述式VIIIA化合物的制备方法包括R为甲基的式VII化合物
与氯甲酸乙酯进行混合,生成VIIIA化合物。
在本发明的一个更优选的实施方案中,所述式VII化合物的制备方法包括将R为甲基、苄基或取代苄基的式VI化合物
用还原剂进行还原,生成被还原的化合物;和,在酸性条件下使该还原的化合物进行环化,生成式VIIA化合物。
在本发明的一个更优选的实施方案中,所述式VI化合物的制备方法包括式IV化合物
与R为甲基、苄基或取代苄基的式V化合物
在碱存在下进行混合生成式VI化合物。
在本发明一个特别优选的一个实施方案中,所述式IV化合物的制备方法包括将式III化合物
用选自酸和碱的水解剂进行水解,生成式IV化合物。
在本发明一个更特别优选的一个实施方案中,所述式III化合物的制备方法包括对位被卤素或O-三氟甲基磺酸根取代的三氟甲苯与式II化合物进行偶联,
生成式III化合物。
有关式V、VI、和VII化合物中的术语“取代苄基”是指在苯环上被一个或多个取代基取代的苄基,这种取代不阻止:(a)适当的式V化合物与式IV化合物反应生成适当的式VI化合物,(b)还原和环化适当的式VI化合物生成适当的式VIIB化合物,(c)式VIIB化合物乙酰化生成式VIIIB化合物,或(d)从式VIIIB化合物进行脱保护步骤去除适当取代的苄氧基羰基基团生成式IB化合物。优选的取代基是(C1-C3)烷基、(C1-C3)烷氧基和卤素。
发明详述
反应方案A举例说明了从(R)-2-氨基-1-丁醇制备式II的手性异构体的方法。方案B举例说明了式IA和式IB的胆固醇酯转运蛋白抑制剂的制备方法。
方案A
方案B
根据方案B,式III化合物是通过式II的手性异构体化合物((R)-3-氨基-戊腈)在金属催化剂优选Pd的存在下与对位被卤素或O-三氟甲基磺酸根(O-triflate)(-O-S(O)2CF3)取代的三氟甲基苯进行混合而制备。为了优化偶联,该偶联反应在配体(优选膦配体)和碱的存在下进行。优选的膦配体是二烷基膦联苯配体,优选的是选自2-二环己基膦-2’-(N,N-二甲基氨基)联苯和2-二环己基膦-2’-甲基联苯。该反应优选在约60℃至约110℃的温度下进行。式II的手性异构体可以按照方案A和以下实验方法的实施例9所述通过本领域技术人员已知的方法从(R)-2-氨基-1-丁醇(CAS#005856-633)制备。
式IV化合物是通过水解式III化合物的腈而制备的。该水解可在酸性或碱性条件下进行。优选的水解方法是在酸性条件下进行,优选使用硫酸和水。对于用碱水解而言,优选的碱是羟基碱,优选氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾,或者烷氧基碱,优选甲醇盐和乙醇盐。同样,对于用碱水解而言,优选使用过氧化物。该水解反应优选在约20℃至约40℃的温度下进行。
式VI化合物是通过式IV化合物的酰胺与式V氯甲酸酯在碱优选叔丁醇锂的存在下进行反应而制备的。该反应优选在约0℃至约35℃的温度下进行。如果需要使式VI化合物的R是甲基,则用作式V化合物的是氯甲酸酯。如果需要使式VI化合物的R是苄基,则用氯甲酸苄酯。
式VII化合物的制备是通过式VI化合物的酰亚胺与还原剂优选氢硼化钠在Lewis酸活化剂优选钙或镁离子的存在下进行反应生成还原的中间体。生成还原的中间体的这一反应优选在约-20℃至约20℃的温度下进行。在酸性条件下,该中间体进行非对映选择性地环化形成式VII的四氢喹啉环。环化这一步骤优选在约20℃至约50℃下进行。
式IA的CETP抑制剂的制备是使R为甲基的式VII化合物在碱优选吡啶的存在下在四氢喹啉的氮上用氯甲酸乙酯进行酰化,生成式VIIIA化合物。该反应优选在约0℃至约25℃的温度下进行。
式IA的CETP抑制剂是通过使R为甲基的式VIII化合物在碱优选烷氧化物或氢氧化物,更优选叔丁醇钾的存在下与3,5-二[三氟甲基]苄基卤化物优选3,5-[三氟甲基]苄基溴化物进行酰化而制备。该反应优选在约25℃至约75℃的温度下进行。
式IB的CETP抑制剂是通过使R为苄基或取代苄基的化合物VII在碱优选吡啶的存在下将四氢喹啉氮用氯甲酸异丙酯进行酰化生成式VIIIB化合优选吡啶的存在下将四氢喹啉氮用氯甲酸异丙酯进行酰化生成式VIIIB化合物而制备。该反应的优选温度是约0℃至约25℃。
式IB的CETP抑制剂则是从式VIIIB化合物制备的,首先在适宜的催化剂存在下在极性溶剂(如乙醇)中将式VIIIB化合物用过量的氢源(如环己烯、氢气或甲酸铵)处理除去苄氧羰基基团。然后通过将胺或酸如乙酸用3,5-二-三氟甲基-苯甲醛处理接着用氢化物源(如三乙酸基氢硼化钠)处理而产生式IB化合物的3,5-二-三氟甲基苄基基团。然后,将该氨基用本领域技术人员已知的方法乙酰化生成式IB化合物。从式VIIIB化合物制备式IB化合物的方法也可详见共同转让专利US6,140,343中的实施例46。US6,140,343的公开内容在此引作参考。
实验方法
熔点是用Buchi熔点测量仪测定。NMR谱记录在Varian Unity 400(Varian Co.,Palo Alto,CA)上。化学位移从溶剂的低磁场以ppm表示。峰型以如下符号表示:s=单峰;d=双峰;t=三重峰;q=四重峰;m=多重峰;bs=宽单峰。
实施例1
(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊腈
往清洁干燥充氮气的100L玻璃罐中装入(R)-3-氨基戊腈甲磺酸盐(3000g,15.44mol)、碳酸钠(2.8kg,26.4mol)和二氯甲烷(21L)。将该非均匀混合物搅拌至少2小时。将混合物过滤,滤液用二氯甲烷(3×2L)洗涤。将所得的滤出物放在清洁干燥并充氮气的50L玻璃反应罐中。蒸馏除去二氯甲烷直至内部温度达到50-53℃,得到游离碱胺,为一种稀薄的油。然后将罐冷却到室温并加入甲苯(20L)、氯-4-(三氟甲基)苯(4200g,23.26mol)和碳酸铯(7500g,23.02mol)。将该溶液用氮气喷雾一小时。喷雾接近完毕时,装入一个配有搅拌捧并用氮气洗涤的2L圆底烧瓶,用2-二环己基膦基-2’-(N,N-二甲基氨基)联苯(68g,0.17mol)、苯基硼酸(28g,0.23g)和四氢呋喃(1.2L),接着用乙酸钯(26g,0.12mol)制成新鲜的催化剂溶液。在室温和氮气氛下将该催化剂溶液搅拌15分钟。将该催化剂溶液加到使用套管(排空气)的50L反应罐中。将该混合物在氮气氛下加热到内部温度为79℃16小时。反应溶液冷却到室温并经
Celite过滤。固体用甲苯(3×2L)洗涤并收集滤液。合并所有的滤液,得到粗品标题化合物溶液。
实施例2
(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酸酰胺
将含水硫酸(8.2L硫酸和1.1L水预混并冷却到35℃或更低)加到实施例1的(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊腈的粗制甲苯溶液中。将所得的二层溶液搅拌并加热到35℃17小时。收集下层水层并用氢氧化钠水溶液(95L水和10.7kg氢氧化钠)和二异丙醚(IPE)(40L)骤冷。萃取和除去水层后,将有机层合并并用饱和NaHCO3水溶液(10L)萃取。将所得双层中的有机相蒸馏浓缩至体积为19L。然后将该溶液冷却到室温并放入(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酸酰胺晶种,在搅拌下让其粒化3小时。向不均匀的混合物中加入环己烷(38L)并使该混合物再粒化11小时。滤出固体,用环己烷(4L)洗涤,在40℃真空干燥得到3021g(75%)标题化合物。
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCI3):0.98(t,3,J=7.5),1.60-1.76(m,2),2.45(d,2,J=5.8),3.73-3.80(m,1),5.53(br s,1),5.63(br s,1),6.65,(d,2,J=8.7),7.39(d,2,J=8.7)
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCI3):10.74,27.80,40.02,51.95,112.63,118.9(q,J=32.7),125.18(q,J=271.0),126.93(q,J=3.8),150.17,174.26
实施例3
(3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸甲酯
往清洁干燥充氮气的100L玻璃罐中装入(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酸酰胺(6094g,23.42mol)、异丙醚(30L)和氯甲酸甲酯(2.7kg,29mol)。将所得的浆料冷却到2℃。然后往该反应罐中装入叔丁醇锂溶液(18-20%的THF溶液,24.6kg,约58mol),其装料速度要使内部温度维持在10℃以下,优选在约5℃。加碱完毕后10分钟,加1.5M盐酸(36L)终止反应。除去水层。有机层用饱和NaCl/水溶液(10L)萃取。除去水层,有机相在真空和约50℃下蒸馏浓缩直至体积减少到约24L。往反应容器中加入环己烷(48L)并在容器内温度约45-50℃下再真空蒸馏直至容器中溶液体积减少至24L。在该反应容器中加入第二份环己烷(48L),再重复在容器内温度约45-50℃下再真空蒸馏直至容器中溶液体积减少至24L。将温度保持在50℃时种入(3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸甲酯晶种并搅拌2小时使其成为晶粒。然后将溶液缓慢冷却(1.5小时)到室温,搅拌15小时使其成粒。将该混合物过滤。所得固体用环己烷(10L)洗涤,在40℃真空干燥得到7504g(94%)标题化合物。
m.p.=142.3-142.4℃
1H NMR(400MHz,d6-丙酮):0.96(t,3,J=7.4),1.55-1.75(m,2),2.86(dd,1,J=6.6,16.2,2.96(dd,1,J=6.2,16.2),3.69(s,3),3.92-3.99(m,1),5.49(br d,1,J=8.7),6.76(d,2,J=8.7),7.37(d,2,J=8.7),9.42(br s,1)。
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):10.62,28.10,40.19,51.45,53.42,112.54,118.98(q,J=32.70),125.16(q,J=270.2),126.90(q,J=3.8),150.10,152.71,173.40。
实施例4
(2R,4S)-(2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-喹啉-4-基)-氨基甲酸甲酯
往清洁干燥充氮气的100L玻璃罐中装入(3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸甲酯(7474g),然后加入2B乙醇(46L)和水(2.35L)。将氢硼化钠(620g)一次性加到溶液中。不断鼓入氮气。在室温下搅拌混合物20分钟,然后将其冷却到-10℃。以保持内部温度不超过-5℃的速度加入3.3M氯化镁水溶液(4.68kg MgCI2·6H2O在7L水中)。加完后将反应溶液温热到0℃45分钟。将反应混合物转移到一个装有二氯甲烷(70L)和1M盐酸/柠檬酸溶液(5.8L浓盐酸,64L水和10.5kg柠檬酸)的200L罐中。罐的上面空间充有氮气。在室温下搅拌该双层二小时。分离各相除去下层有机产物层。除去水层后,将有机相返回到反应容器中并用柠檬酸水溶液(6.3kg柠檬酸,34L水)萃取。将该混合物搅拌1小时并静置过夜,分层,往有机相中加入Darco活性炭(G-60品级,700g)(Atlas Powder Co.,Wilmington,DE)并搅拌溶液30分钟。然后通过Celite过滤混合物,并用二氯甲烷(14L和8L)洗涤二次。蒸馏滤液并同时周期性地加入己烷从而用己烷替换二氯甲烷至最后的总体积为70L(112L己烷的总用量)。在替换过程中结晶出产物。达到稳定的蒸馏温度后,将溶液冷却和粒化,同时在室温下搅拌10小时。滤出固体,用己烷(14L)洗涤,在40℃真实干燥得到标题化合物(5291g)(80%)。m.p.=139.0-140.5℃。
1H NMR(400MHz,d6-丙酮):1.00(t,3,J=7.5),1.51-1.67(m,3),2.19(ddd,1,J=2.9,5.4,12.4),3.44-3.53(m,1),3.67(s,3),4.89-4.96(m,1),5.66(br s,1),6.56(br d,1,J=8.7),6.65(d,1,J=8.7),7.20(d,1,J=8.7),7.30(br s,1)。
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):9.88,29.24,35.47,48.09,52.42,52.60,113.66,118.90(q,J=33.1),121.40,124.08(q,J=3.8),125.08(q,J=270.6),125.70(q,J=3.8),147.68,157.30。
实施例5 (2R,4S)-2-乙基-4-甲氧基羰基氨基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸乙酯
往清洁干燥充氮气的100L玻璃罐中装入(2R,4S)-(2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-喹啉-4-基)-氨基甲酸甲酯(5191g,17.17mol)、二氯甲烷(21L)和吡啶(4.16L,51.4mol)。将反应容器冷却到-10℃。缓慢加入氯甲酸乙酯(4.10L,42.9mol),加的速度要使容器内温度不超过-5℃。使反应溶液的温度到0℃并保持20小时。加入二异丙醚(IPE)(36L)、二氯甲烷(6.2L)和1.5M盐酸溶液(52L)的混合物终止反应。分离所得的各相并用1M氢氧化钠溶液(15L)萃取有机层。分离所得的各相并用饱和氯化钠NaCl水溶液(15L)洗涤。分离所得的各相,有机层通过蒸馏浓缩至体积为40L。下面的容积部分开始结晶。通过蒸馏混合物并周期性地加入IPE直到温度保持在68℃情况下体积仍恒定在40L(用IPE共46L)从而用IPE代替二氯甲烷。冷却混合物并在室温下搅拌19小时使其粒化。过滤固体,用IPE(8L)洗涤,在40℃真实干燥,得到5668g标题化合物(88%)。
m.p.=157.3-157.6℃
1H(400MHz,d6-丙酮):0.84(t,3,J=7.5),1.26(t,3,J=7.0),1.44-1.73(m,3),2.59(ddd,1,J=4.6,8.3,12.9),3.67(s,3),4.14-4.28(m,2),4.46-4.54(m,1),4.66-4.74(m,1),6.82(br d,1,J=9.1),7.53(s,1),7.58(d,1,J=8.3),7.69(d,1,J=8.3)。
13C NMR(100MHz,CDCI3):9.93,14.55,28.46,38.08,46.92,52.64,53.70,62.42,120.83(q,J=3.4),124.32(q,J=271.7),124.36(q,J=3.4),126.38,126.46(q,J=32.7),134.68,139.65,154.66,156.85。
实施例6
(2R,4S)-4-[(3,5-二-三氟甲基-苄基)-甲氧基羰基-氨基]-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基
-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸乙酯
在室温下往清洁干燥充氮气的100L玻璃罐中装入(2R,4S)-2-乙基-4-甲氧基羰基氨基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸乙酯(5175g,13.82mol)、CH2Cl2(20L)和叔丁醇钾(1551g,13.82mol)。将混合物搅拌5分钟。将3,5-二(三氟甲基)苄基溴(3.50L,19.1mol)一次性加入到混合物中。将内部温度保持在20-25℃ 1.5小时。反应2.3小时后,另外加入叔丁醇钾(46.10g,0.41mol)。反应共进行4.5小时后将其停止。往反应溶液中加入1,4-二氮二环[2,2,2]辛烷(DABCO)(918g,8.18mol)并将混合物搅拌1小时。往反应混合物中加入IPE(40L)和0.5M盐酸(30L)。分离所得的有机相和水相,并将有机层用0.5M盐酸(2×30L)萃取。然后分离所得的有机相和水相,并将有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(15L)萃取,再将所得的有机相和水相分离。往有机层中加入无水硫酸镁(3.5kg)并将混合物搅拌30分钟。然后将该混合物过滤(0.5微米滤器)到一个50L玻璃罐中,用IPE(8L)分两次洗涤。在内部温度为35℃下真空浓缩滤液至体积为12L,得到一种油。往该油中加入2B乙醇(25L)并将溶液在真空下浓缩至体积为12L。再往该溶液中加入2B乙醇(15L)并再次在真空下浓缩至体积为12L。将溶液冷却至室温并种下(2R,4S)-4[(3,5-二-三氟甲基-苄基)-甲氧基羰基-氨基]-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸乙酯(3g)晶种。将溶液粒化约38小时,过滤,并用2B乙醇(4L+2L)洗涤。真空干燥(不加热)所得固体,得到4610g(55%)标题化合物。真空浓缩上述过滤中的母液(溶液温度=62℃)至最终体积为6L并冷却至38℃。在溶液中种下(2R,4S)-4-[(3,5-二-三氟甲基-苄基)-甲氧基羰基-氨基]-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-甲酸乙酯(0.5g)晶种,搅拌19小时将使冷却和粒化。将混合物过滤,将该固体用2B EtOH(2.5L)洗涤。所得滤饼真空干燥(不加热),再次得到1422g(17%)的标题化合物。合并共收6032g(73%)。
实施例7 (3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸苄基酯
往清洁干燥充氮气的烧瓶中装入(3R)-3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酸酰胺(20.11g,77.27mmol)和异丙醚(100mL)并将混合物冷却到-12℃。然后加入氯甲酸苄酯(13.25mL,92.8mmol),随后缓慢加入1.0M叔丁醇锂THF溶液(185.5mL)。加叔丁醇锂THF溶液的速度要使内部温度保持在0℃以下。加完碱后15分钟,加入异丙醚(100mL)和1.5M盐酸(130mL)终止反应。分离各相,有机层用饱和氯化钠水溶液(130mL)洗涤。再分离各相并将有机层干燥(MgSO4)、过滤,部分真空下(40℃)浓缩至总体积为100mL。另外加入异丙醚(200mL)并再将该溶液在部分真空下(40℃)浓缩至总体积为100mL。冷却后,在溶液中种下(3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸苄酯晶种并将其在室温下搅拌过夜。通过部分真空蒸馏(45℃浴温,200mL然后100mL)用环己烷代替剩余溶剂。将所得的浆状物冷却并搅拌40分钟,过滤,干燥,得到25.8714g(85%)标题化合物。
m.p.100.6-101.4℃
1H NMR(400MHz d6-丙酮):0.96(t,3,J=7.5),1.57-1.75(m,2),2.87(dd,1,J=6.6,16.2),2.97(dd,1,J=6.2,16.2),3.94-4.00(m,1),5.16(s,2),5.50(br s,1),6.75(d,2,J=5.7),7.33-7.43(m,7),9.52(br s,1)。
13C NMR(100MHz CDCl3):10.66,28.13,40.28,51.47,68.25,112.52,118.91(q,J=32.3),125.21(q,J=269.9),126.92(q,J=3.8),128.64,128.98,129.04,135.05,150.12,152.12,173.52。
实施例8
(2R,4S)-(2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢-喹啉-4-基)-氨基甲酸苄基酯
往清洁干燥充氮气的烧瓶中装入(3R)-[3-(4-三氟甲基-苯氨基)-戊酰基]-氨基甲酸苄基酯(11.51g,29.18mmol)和95%乙醇(80mL)并将溶液在冰/丙酮浴中(约-12℃)冷却。然后往溶液中加入氢硼化钠(0.773g,20.4mmol)。反应内部温度为-11.5℃。向反应瓶中缓慢加入MgCl2·6H2O(6.23g,30.6mmol在13mL水中)。调节加的速度使内部温度保持在5℃以下。一旦将全部镁溶液加入后,将溶液温度升高到0℃并搅拌30分钟。然后加入二氯甲烷(115mL)、1N盐酸(115mL)和柠檬酸(14.02g,72.97mmol)终止反应。在室温下搅拌该分层溶液。3.75小时后,通过HPLC分析发现环化反应经已经完成。向有机层中加水(58mL)和柠檬酸(8.41g,43.77mmol)并将混合物在室温下搅拌45分钟。分离各相并往有机层中加入g-60 Darco活性炭(1.52g)(Atlas Powder Co.,Wilmington,DE)。搅拌45分钟后,溶液经Celite过滤并用二氯甲烷(2×15mL)洗涤,然后通过在大气压下蒸馏并将混合物浓缩至总体积为230mL,从而用己烷(约350mL)代替滤液。在室温下搅拌该混合物14小时,过滤,并干燥,得到9.0872g(82%)标题化合物。
m.p.154.0-155.2℃
1H NMR(400MHz d6-丙酮):1.00(t,3,J=7.5),1.51-1.69(m,3),2.17-2.26(m,1),3.46-3.54(m,1),4.96(ddd,1,J=5.4,9.5,11.6),5.14(d,1,J=12.9),5.20(d,1,J=12.9),5.66(br s,1),6.65(d,1,J=8.3),6.71(br d,1,J=9.1),7.20(dd,1,J=1.9,8.9),7.30-7.43(m,6)。
13C NMR(100MHz CDCl3):9.89,29.24,35.34,48.16,52.44,67.27,113.70,118.85(q,J=32.7),121.37,124.12(q,J=3.8),125.14(q,J=270.6),125.72(q,J=3.8),128.38,128.51,128.86,136.57,147.71,156.74。
实施例9
(R)-3-氨基戊腈甲磺酸盐
步骤1:甲磺酸2-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-丁酯
批次#1:将BOC酸酐(515.9g)的乙酸乙酯(400mL)溶液通过加液漏斗加到R-(-)-2-氨基-1-丁醇(200.66g)的乙酸乙酯(1105mL)溶液中。将该反应混合物搅拌约30分钟。加入四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)(360mL)并将反应混合物冷却到大约10℃。用30分钟往该反应混合物中加入甲磺酰氯(184.7mL),搅拌1小时后将反应混合物过滤,收集滤液。
批次#2:将BOC酸酐(514.5g)的乙酸乙酯(400mL)溶液通过加液漏斗加到R-(-)-2-氨基-1-丁醇(200.12g)的乙酸乙酯(1101mL)溶液中。将该反应混合物搅拌约30分钟。加四甲基乙二胺(TMEDA)(359.1mL)并将反应混合物冷却到大约10℃。用30分钟往该该反应混合物中加入甲磺酰氯(184.1mL),搅拌1小时后将该反应混合物与批次#1的滤液合并,过滤。将这些固体用400mL乙酸乙酯洗涤。往滤液中加入己烷(12L)。将混合物在冰/水浴中冷却。约2.5小时后过滤分离固体,用己烷(2L)洗涤并真空干燥,得到标题化合物(971.57g)。
步骤2:(1-氰甲基-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯。将氰化钠(24.05g)加到二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)(500L)中并将该混合物在35℃下搅拌30分钟。加入四丁基溴化铵并将该反应混合物在35℃下搅拌二小时。加入甲磺酸2-叔丁氧基羰基氨基-丁酯(101.23g)并将该反应混合物在35℃下搅拌过夜。然后该混合物在2升水与1升异丙醚之间分配。分离有机相和水相并依次用水和氯化钠饱和溶液洗涤。有机层经硫酸镁干燥,过滤和浓缩,得到固体(65.22g)。将(61.6g)固体转移到顶部有搅拌器的一个烧瓶中。加入己烷并将该烧瓶加热到65℃。所有固体均溶解后,将该混合物冷却到环境温度。将该混合物搅拌过夜。过滤分离出所得固体,得到标题化合物(52.32g)。
步骤3:(R)-3-氨基戊腈甲磺酸盐。向(1-氰甲基-丙基)-氨基甲酸叔丁酯的四氢呋喃(530mL)溶液中加入甲磺酸(71g)。将反应混合物加热到40℃约30分钟。将温度升到45℃并搅拌约一小时。再将温度升到65℃并搅拌该反应混合物约5小时。使混合物冷却到环境温度。过滤分离所得固体,得到标题化合物(41.53g)。
Claims (15)
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述碱是吡啶碱。
4.权利要求3的方法,其中所述碱是叔丁醇钾。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中所述式VIIA化合物通过下述方法制备:该方法包括用还原剂还原式VI化合物,
其中R为甲基,生成被还原的化合物;和,使该被还原的化合物在酸性条件下环化,生成式VIIA化合物。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中所述式VI化合物通过下述方法制备:该方法包括将式IV化合物
与式V化合物
其中R为甲基,在碱存在下进行混合,生成式VI化合物。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中所述式III化合物通过下述方法制备:该方法包括对位被卤素或O-三氟甲基磺酸根取代的三氟甲苯与式II化合物
进行偶联,生成式III化合物。
11.式IB化合物的制备方法,
包括以下步骤:
a)用还原剂还原式VIIIB化合物
其中R1为苄基或取代苄基,生成顺式-4-氨基-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯;
b)首先用3,5-二-三氟甲基-苯甲醛在酸性条件下处理所述顺式-4-氨基-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯,接着用还原剂进行还原,生成顺式-4-(3,5-二-三甲基-苄氨基)-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯;
c)将所述顺式-4-(3,5-二-三甲基-苄氨基)-2-乙基-6-三氟甲基-3,4-二氢-2H-喹啉-1-羧酸异丙基酯用乙酰化试剂进行处理,生成式IB化合物,其中所述式VIIIB的制备方法包括式VIIB化合物
与氯甲酸异丙酯进行混合,生成所需的VIIIB化合物。
14.权利要求13的方法,其中所述式IV化合物的制备方法包括用选自酸和碱的水解剂水解式III化合物,
生成式IV化合物。
15.式VIIIA化合物
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