CN113599080A - 用于装配带有不同粘结密度的用于吸收制品的弹性层压体的方法和设备 - Google Patents

用于装配带有不同粘结密度的用于吸收制品的弹性层压体的方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113599080A
CN113599080A CN202110900452.5A CN202110900452A CN113599080A CN 113599080 A CN113599080 A CN 113599080A CN 202110900452 A CN202110900452 A CN 202110900452A CN 113599080 A CN113599080 A CN 113599080A
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substrate
elastic
bond
bonding
elastic laminate
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CN202110900452.5A
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CN113599080B (zh
Inventor
T.D.伦泽
U.P.达拉尔
U.施耐德
T.J.斯塔特
J.米勒
M.阿塞韦多
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Co
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Abstract

本文的方法涉及装配弹性层压体,所述弹性层压体带有粘结在第一基底和第二基底之间的第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料。在装配期间,所述弹性层压体可通过将第一基底和第二基底定位成与第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域接触来形成。弹性层压体可包括两个或更多个粘结区域,所述粘结区域可由相对于彼此层合或堆叠的弹性层压体的所述各种层或部件限定。在一些构型中,将第一多个超声粘结部施加到弹性层压体以限定第一粘结区域中的第一粘结密度,并且将第二多个超声粘结部施加到弹性层压体以限定第二粘结区域中的第二粘结密度,其中第二粘结密度不等于第一粘结密度。

Description

用于装配带有不同粘结密度的用于吸收制品的弹性层压体的 方法和设备
本申请是申请日为2017年08月11日、优先权日为2016年08月12日、申请号为201780044095.9、发明名称为“用于装配带有不同粘结密度的用于吸收制品的弹性层压体的方法和设备”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于制造吸收制品的方法。更具体地,本公开涉及用于装配弹性层压体的设备和方法,该弹性层压体用于制备吸收制品部件。
背景技术
可通过沿着装配线将各部件添加到推进的连续材料纤维网和/或以其它方式改变推进的连续材料纤维网来装配各种类型的制品,诸如例如尿布和其它吸收制品。例如,在一些工艺中,推进的材料纤维网与其它推进的材料纤维网相组合。在其它示例中,由推进的材料纤维网产生的各个部件与推进的材料纤维网相组合,继而与其它推进的材料纤维网相组合。在一些情况下,由推进的一个或多个纤维网产生的各个部件与由其它推进的一个或多个纤维网产生的其它各个部件相组合。用来制造尿布的材料纤维网和组成部件可包括:底片、顶片、腿箍、腰带、吸收芯部件、前耳片和/或后耳片、以及紧固部件。在将所期望的组成部件装配之后,对推进的纤维网和组成部件进行最终刀切以将纤维网分离成离散的尿布或其它吸收制品。
一些尿布部件,诸如腿弹性部件、阻隔腿箍弹性部件、拉伸侧片和腰弹性部件,是由弹性层压体构成的。取决于具体的尿布设计,此类弹性层压体可用各种方式来装配。例如,一些弹性层压体可由粘结到弹性膜的一个或多个非织造基底构成。在一些构型中,弹性膜可被拉伸,并且随后与非织造基底粘结以形成弹性层压体。
一些现有的弹性层压体装配操作可具有某些缺点。例如,制造操作可被配置成带有机器,该机器适于在将所拉伸的膜粘结到其它基底诸如非织造层之前夹持并拉伸所述膜。对于一些夹持操作来讲,该膜的部分在所装配的弹性层压体中可保持为未拉伸的。对于所装配的弹性层压体的期望的弹性,所述膜的此类未拉伸部分可能不增加有益效果。然而,该膜的未拉伸部分可与一个或多个非织造层粘结以帮助将该膜锚固和固定到非织造基底。此外,该非织造层还可在其中不存在弹性膜的区域中彼此直接粘结。在使用中,弹性层压体可通过如下方式被拉伸:在其中膜的未拉伸部分被锚固到非织造布的区域中向弹性层压体施加力。因此,当装配弹性层压体时,可有利地利用粘结构型,该粘结构型帮助确保膜的未拉伸部分和该非织造布在使用期间保持粘结在一起并且不彼此分离。然而,用来将非织造布粘结到彼此和/或粘结到膜的未拉伸部分的此类粘结构型可能不适用于将膜的可拉伸部分粘结到非织造布,并且可能有损于所装配的弹性层压体的期望的拉伸特性、美感外观、和/或触觉印象。相反,用来将膜的可拉伸部分粘结到非织造布的粘结构型可能不适用于将非织造布粘结到彼此和/或粘结到膜的未拉伸部分,因为此类粘结构型可能不提供必要的强度以确保膜的未拉伸部分和/或非织造布在使用期间保持粘结在一起。
因此,有益的是提供如下的用于装配弹性层压体的方法和设备,该方法和设备被配置成在弹性层压体的不同区域中施加带有不同粘结密度的多个粘结部。
发明内容
在一种形式中,用于装配弹性层压体的方法包括以下步骤:提供第一基底和第二基底,该第一基底和第二基底各自包括第一表面和相对的第二表面、第一纵向边缘和第二纵向边缘,所述第二纵向边缘与第一纵向边缘分开以限定沿横向的宽度;提供第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜,该第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜各自包括未拉伸的第一边缘区域和沿横向由拉伸的中心区域与未拉伸的第一边缘区域分开的未拉伸的第二边缘区域;将第一弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触;将第二弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触,并且其中第二弹性膜的未拉伸的第二边缘区域沿横向与第一弹性膜的未拉伸的第一边缘区域分开;通过沿纵向推进第二基底以将第二基底的第一表面定位成与第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域接触来形成弹性层压体,其中该弹性层压体包括第一粘结区域和第二粘结区域,其中该第一粘结区域被限定在第一弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域直接与第一基底的第二表面和第二基底的第一表面接触之处,并且其中第二粘结区域被完全定位在第一粘结区域之外;向弹性层压体施加第一多个超声粘结部以限定第一粘结区域中的第一粘结密度;向弹性层压体施加第二多个超声粘结部以限定第二粘结区域中的第二粘结密度,其中第一粘结密度不等于第二粘结密度,或者其中第一粘结密度等于第二粘结密度,并且其中第一多个超声粘结部中的至少一个超声粘结部的形状不同于第二多个超声粘结部中的至少一个超声粘结部的形状;以及沿纵向在第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜之间将弹性层压体切割成第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体。
在另一种形式中,用于装配弹性层压体的方法包括以下步骤:提供第一基底和第二基底,该第一基底和第二基底各自包括第一表面和相对的第二表面、第一纵向边缘和第二纵向边缘,该第二纵向边缘与第一纵向边缘分开以限定沿横向的宽度;将第一基底的第一表面包裹到砧辊的外周向表面上;提供弹性膜,该弹性膜包括第一边缘区域和沿横向与第一边缘区域由中心区域分开的第二边缘区域;沿横向拉伸弹性膜的中心区域;将弹性膜推进到砧辊上,其中弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域被定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触;通过沿纵向将第二基底推进到砧辊上以将第二基底的第一表面定位成直接接触弹性膜来形成弹性层压体,其中该弹性层压体包括第一粘结区域和第二粘结区域,其中第一粘结区域被限定在弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域直接与第一基底的第二表面和第二基底的第一表面接触之处,并且其中第二粘结区域被完全定位在第一粘结区域之外;以及向弹性层压体施加第一多个粘结部以限定第一粘结区域中的第一粘结密度;以及向弹性层压体施加第二多个粘结部以限定第二粘结区域中的第二粘结密度,其中第一粘结密度不等于第二粘结密度,或者其中第一粘结密度等于第二粘结密度,并且其中第一多个粘结部中的至少一个粘结部的形状不同于第二多个粘结部中的至少一个粘结部的形状。
在另一种形式中,用于制备弹性层压体的设备包括:砧,该砧包括外周向表面并适于沿第一方向围绕旋转轴线旋转,该砧从第一端部轴向延伸至第二端部;邻近外周向表面的超声变幅杆;第一撒布机机构,该第一撒布机机构包括第一盘状件和第二盘状件,该第一盘状件沿旋转轴线轴向偏离第二盘状件,其中第一盘状件和第二盘状件为相对彼此斜置的,每个盘状件包括外边沿,该第一盘状件和第二盘状件适于沿与第一方向相反的第二方向旋转;成第一巷道的第一多个粘结元件,该第一巷道围绕旋转轴线周向延伸,该第一多个粘结元件中的每个粘结元件从周向表面径向向外延伸并包括粘结表面;成第二巷道的第二多个粘结元件,该第二巷道围绕旋转轴线周向延伸并轴向偏离第一巷道,该第二多个粘结元件中的每个粘结元件从周向表面径向向外延伸并包括粘结表面;并且其中该第一多个粘结元件的粘结表面被布置成以第一粘结密度向在砧和超声变幅杆之间推进的基底施加第一多个超声粘结部;并且其中该第二多个粘结元件的粘结表面被布置成以第二粘结密度向在砧和超声变幅杆之间推进的基底施加第二多个超声粘结部,其中第一粘结密度不等于第二粘结密度,或者其中第一粘结密度等于第二粘结密度,并且其中第一多个超声粘结部中的至少一个超声粘结部的形状不同于第二多个超声粘结部中的至少一个超声粘结部的形状。
在另一种形式中,用于装配弹性层压体的方法包括以下步骤:提供第一基底和第二基底,该第一基底和第二基底各自包括第一表面和相对的第二表面,第一纵向边缘和第二纵向边缘,该第二纵向边缘与第一纵向边缘分开以限定沿横向的宽度;提供弹性膜,该弹性膜包括第一边缘区域和沿横向由中心区域与第一边缘区域分开的第二边缘区域;沿横向拉伸弹性膜的中心区域;推进弹性膜以将弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域定位成与第一基底的第二表面接触;通过沿纵向推进第二基底以将第二基底的第一表面定位成直接接触弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域来形成弹性层压体;向弹性层压体施加第一多个粘结部以限定第一粘结部图案;以及从包括第一粘结部图案的弹性层压体切割出第一离散块。
在另一种形式中,用于制备弹性层压体的设备包括:砧,该砧包括外周向表面并适于沿第一方向围绕旋转轴线旋转,该砧从第一端部轴向延伸至第二端部;邻近外周向表面的超声变幅杆;第一撒布机机构,该第一撒布机机构包括第一盘状件和第二盘状件,该第一盘状件沿旋转轴线轴向偏离第二盘状件,其中第一盘状件和第二盘状件为相对彼此斜置的,每个盘状件包括外边沿,第一盘状件和第二盘状件适于沿与第一方向相反的第二方向旋转;被布置成限定第一图案的第一多个粘结元件,该第一图案围绕旋转轴线周向延伸,该第一多个粘结元件中的每个粘结元件从周向表面径向向外延伸并包括粘结表面;和被布置成限定第二图案的第二多个粘结元件,该第二图案围绕旋转轴线周向延伸并成角度地偏离第一图案,该第二多个粘结元件中的每个粘结元件从周向表面径向向外延伸并包括粘结表面。
附图说明
图1A为用于装配弹性层压体的设备的示意性侧视图。
图1B为沿线1B-1B截取的出自图1A的设备的顶部侧视图。
图1C为沿线1C-1C截取的出自图1B的设备的左侧视图。
图1D为沿线1D-1D截取的出自图1B的设备的右侧视图。
图1E为沿线1E-1E截取的出自图1C的第一撒布机机构的详细视图。
图1F为沿线1F-1F截取的出自图1D的第二撒布机机构的详细视图。
图1G为盘状件的外边沿上的径向突起的瘤状物的详细视图。
图1HA为沿线1HA-1HA截取的出自图1B的砧的详细剖视图,示出了从外周向表面径向向外延伸的粘结元件。
图1HB为沿线1HB-1HB截取的出自图1HA砧的外周向表面的一部分的详细视图。
图1HC为一种示例性粘结元件的详细视图。
图2A为用来装配弹性层压体的设备的示意性侧视图。
图2B为沿线2B-2B截取的出自图2A的设备的左侧视图。
图2C为沿线2C-2C截取的推进穿过出自图2A的折叠设备的第一基底的顶部侧视图。
图2D为沿线2D-2D截取的在出自图2B的第一撒布机机构上推进的第一弹性材料的详细视图。
图2E为沿线2E-2E截取的出自图2A的设备的右侧视图。
图2F为沿线2F-2F截取的在出自图2E的第二撒布机机构上推进的第二弹性材料的详细视图。
图3为沿线3-3截取的出自图2A的弹性层压体和设备的顶部侧视图。
图4为沿线4-4截取的出自图2A的弹性层压体的剖视图。
图4A为被组合的第一基底和加强层的剖视图。
图4B1为正与图4A的第一基底和加强层组合的第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的剖视图。
图4B2A为正与图4A的第一基底和加强层组合的单一弹性材料的剖视图。
图4B2B为图4B2A的组合的单一弹性材料、第一基底和加强层的剖视图。
图4B2C为被裁切成第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的图4B2B的弹性材料的剖视图。
图4C为正与第一基底、加强层和第一弹性材料以及第二弹性材料组合的第二基底的剖视图。
图5为沿线5-5截取的出自图4的弹性层压体的详细顶部平面图。
图6为沿线6-6截取出自图2A的第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体的剖视图。
图7为弹性层压体的一种另选构型的剖视图。
图8为沿线8-8截取的出自图7的弹性层压体的详细顶部平面图。
图9为第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体的一种另选构型的剖视图。
图10A为平坦展开的砧的外周向表面的视图,并且示出了多个粘结表面。
图10B为带有对应于图10A所示粘结表面的粘结部的弹性层压体的顶部平面图。
图11A为平坦展开的砧的外周向表面的视图,并且示出了被布置成限定重复图案的多个粘结表面。
图11B为带有对应于图11A所示粘结表面的重复的粘结部图案的弹性层压体的顶部平面图。
图11C为由图11B中的弹性层压体形成的第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体的顶部平面图。
图11D为切割自图11C中的第一弹性层压体的离散块的顶部平面图。
图12A为带有重复的粘结部图案的弹性层压体的顶部平面图。
图12B为由图12A中的弹性层压体形成的第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体的顶部平面图。
图12C为切割自图12B中的第一弹性层压体的离散块的顶部平面图。
图13A为呈胶粘尿布形式的吸收制品在部分切除之后的平面图,所述胶粘尿布可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的一个或多个弹性层压体,其中背向穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
图13B为图13A的吸收制品的平面图,所述吸收制品可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的一个或多个弹性层压体,其中面朝穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
具体实施方式
以下术语解释可帮助理解本公开:
“吸收制品”在本文中是指主要功能为吸收和保留污垢和废物的消费产品。本文所用的“尿布”是指一般被婴儿和失禁患者围绕下体穿着的吸收制品。术语“一次性的”在本文中用来描述通常不打算洗涤或者以其它方式复原为或再用作吸收制品的吸收制品(例如,它们旨在在单次使用后丢弃,并且也可被配置成可回收利用、堆肥处理或以与环境相容的其它方式进行弃置)。
“弹性的”、“弹性体”或“弹性体的”是指材料表现出弹性性能,它们包括如下任何材料,在向其松弛的初始长度施加力时该材料能够拉伸或伸长至比其初始长度超出10%的伸长长度,并且在释放所施加的力时将会基本上回复至大约其初始长度。在一些构型中,“弹性的”、“弹性体的”或“可弹性延展的”是指材料在给定负荷下以0.1sec-1的应变速率被拉伸至少50%的应变而不破裂或断裂、并且在释放该负荷时,该弹性材料或部件表现出至少70%的恢复(即,具有小于30%的永久变形率)。例如,可具有25.4mm初始长度的弹性材料可拉伸到至少38.1mm(50%拉伸),并且当立即测量时,在移除所述力时回缩至27.95mm的长度(即,具有2.54mm或20%的永久变形率)。
如本文所用,术语“接合”包括其中通过将元件直接附连到另一元件而将该元件直接固定到另一元件的构型,以及其中通过将元件附连到中间构件(中间构件继而附连到另一元件)而将所述元件间接固定到另一元件的构型。
术语“基底”在本文中用来描述主要为二维(即在XY平面中)材料,并且其厚度(在Z方向上)与其长度(在X方向上)和宽度(在Y方向上)相比相对较小(即1/10或更小)。基底的非限制性示例包括纤维网、一层或多层纤维材料、非织造布、膜和箔诸如聚合物膜或金属箔。这些材料可单独使用或可包括层压在一起的两个或更多个层。因此,纤维网为基底。
术语“非织造布”在本文中是指通过诸如纺粘法、熔喷法、梳理成网等工艺由连续(长)丝(纤维)和/或不连续(短)丝(纤维)制成的材料。非织造布不具有织造长丝或编织长丝图案。
术语“纵向”(MD)在本文中是指工艺过程中材料流的方向。此外,材料的相对放置和移动还可被描述为沿纵向从工艺上游至工艺下游通过工艺。
术语“横向”(CD)在本文中是指大致垂直于纵向的方向。
术语“粘结密度”是指粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。
术语“粘结频率”是指每cm2上的粘结部数目,如通过本文的“粘结尺度测试方法”所测定的。
术语“合计粘结覆盖率”是指给定区域中的粘结面积的总和,如通过本文的“粘结尺度测试方法”所测定的。
如本文所用,“设计元件”是指形状或形状组合,它们在视觉上产生不同且离散的部件,而无关于所述部件的尺寸或取向。设计元件可存在于一个或多个图案中。设计元件可在一个图案内存在一次或多次。在一个非限制性示例中,相同的设计元件在一个图案中存在两次–所述设计元件的第二实例小于第一实例。本领域的技术人员将会认识到,另选布置结构也是可能的。设计元件可包括标志。设计元件和/或设计元件的组合可包括字母、字词和/或图形诸如花、蝴蝶、心形、字符表示等。设计元件可由粘结部形成,包括一个或多个粘结部的形状。设计元件和/或设计元件的组合可包括指导标记,该指导标记向看护者提供关于制品围绕穿着者放置和/或贴合的指导或说明。
如本文所用,“图案”是指装饰性或区别性设计,其不一定是重复的或模仿性的,包括但不限于以下项:聚集状、几何形状、斑点状、螺旋状、旋涡状、排列状、纹理化的、螺线形、循环的、轮廓化的、有花纹的、有方格的、繁星状、叶形的、块状、褶皱化的、凹进的、凸出的、编织状、锥形的、以及它们的组合。在一些实施方案中,图案包括一个或多个重复的设计元件。
如本文所用,“标志”是指物体、字符表示、字词、颜色、形状或其它标记,它们可用来区分、识别或表示产品的制造商、零售商、经销商和/或品牌,包括但不限于商标、徽标、徽章、符号、设计、图片、字型、文字、冠饰或类似的标识。
如本文所用,术语“配准工艺”、“配准系统”、“配准”、“经配准的”或“配准的”是指在生产制品的转换加工生产线中用于通过如下方式来控制基底或层压体的机器控制工艺或系统(所述基底或层压体可具有在所述基底或层压体上以可沿纵向改变的节距间隔开的多个预制物体,诸如图形。粘结部、图案、设计元件、和/或标志):将基底或层压体上的所述预制物体的位置调节至与转换加工生产线的节线式单元操作相关联的目标位置常数。
本公开涉及用于制造吸收制品的设备和方法。更具体地,本公开涉及用于装配可用来制作吸收制品部件的弹性层压体的设备和方法。本公开的特定方面涉及用于装配弹性层压体的方法,该弹性层压体包括第一基底和第二基底,它们带有粘结在第一基底和第二基底之间的第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料。此外,一些构型的弹性层压体还可包括被定位在弹性材料的未拉伸部分和基底之间的一个或多个加强层。应当理解,在一些构型中,第一弹性材料和/或第二弹性材料可为弹性膜和/或弹性层压体、并且在一些构型中,第一基底和/或第二基底和/或加强层可为非织造布。第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料沿横向彼此分开,并且各自包括第一边缘区域和沿横向与第一边缘区域由中心区域分开的第二边缘区域,其中中心区域沿横向被拉伸。在装配期间,弹性层压体可通过将第一基底和第二基底定位成与第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料的拉伸的中心区域接触来形成。如下文所更详述,弹性层压体可包括两个或更多个粘结区域,所述粘结区域可由相对于彼此层合或堆叠的弹性层压体的所述各种层或部件限定。在一些构型中,第一粘结区域被限定在第一弹性膜或第二弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域直接与第一基底和第二基底接触之处,并且至少第二粘结区域被完全定位在第一粘结区域之外。继而,将第一多个粘结部施加到弹性层压体以限定第一粘结区域中的第一粘结密度,并且将第二多个粘结部施加到弹性层压体以限定第二粘结区域中的第二粘结密度,其中第二粘结密度可不等于第一粘结密度。在一些构型中,第一粘结密度可等于第二粘结密度,并且其中第一多个粘结部中的至少一个粘结部的形状可不同于第二多个粘结部中的至少一个粘结部的形状。在粘结之后,弹性层压体也可沿纵向被切割以形成第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体。应当理解,本文所述的粘结部可用各种类型的方法和设备构型来产生,例如,粘合剂、热粘结、超声粘结、和/或可利用非受热辊或受热辊的高压粘结。
应当理解,本文的弹性层压体可包括两个或更多个粘结区域,它们可用各种方式来限定,这取决于弹性层压体是如何构造的。例如,在一些构型中,粘结区域可被限定在第一基底直接与第二基底接触之处。在一些弹性层压体中,当被定位成直接接触第一基底和第二基底两者时,第一弹性材料和/或第二弹性材料的第一边缘区域和/或第二边缘区域可为未拉伸的。因此,粘结区域可被限定在弹性材料的未拉伸的边缘区域直接与第一基底和第二基底中任一者或两者接触之处。如先前所提及的,在一些弹性层压体中,当被定位成直接与加强层和/或第一基底和/或第二基底接触时,第一弹性材料和/或第二弹性材料的第一边缘区域和/或第二边缘区域可为未拉伸的。因此,粘结区域可被限定在加强层直接与弹性材料的未拉伸的边缘区域和第一基底或第二基底接触之处。此外,粘结区域还可被限定在加强层直接与第一基底和第二基底两者接触之处。因此,本文的方法和设备可被配置成在装配过程中在弹性层压体的不同粘结区域中施加带有不同的粘结密度的多个粘结部。还应当理解,本文的方法和设备可被配置成在装配过程中在弹性层压体的不同粘结区域中施加带有相等粘结密度的多个粘结部,其中一个粘结区域包括至少一个粘结部,该至少一个粘结部限定的形状不同于由另一个粘结区域中的至少一个粘结部所限定的形状。因此,可使用不同的粘结构型将非织造布粘结到彼此和/或粘结到膜的未拉伸部分,该粘结构型否则的话可能不适用于将膜的可拉伸部分粘结到非织造布并且/或者可能有损于所装配的弹性层压体的期望的拉伸特性,美感外观,和/或触觉印象。例如,当将非织造布粘结到彼此和/或粘结到膜的未拉伸部分时,可使用相对较高的粘结密度以帮助确保弹性膜和非织造布在使用期间保持固定到彼此;而当将非织造布粘结到膜的拉伸部分时,可使用相对较低的粘结密度以帮助保持弹性层压体的期望的可拉伸特征。
应当理解,根据本文的方法,可使用各种构型和布置结构的设备来装配弹性层压体。例如,2016年8月12日提交的美国专利申请62/374,010、和2016年10月10日提交的美国专利申请62/406,025中所公开的设备和方法可被配置成装配具有诸如本文所述的各种粘结构型的弹性层压体。为了帮助为对弹性层压体和装配构型的后续讨论提供另外的上下文,下文描述了可被配置成根据本文所公开的方法来操作的设备。
图1A-1D示出了可被配置成装配本文的弹性层压体的设备100的示意性侧视图。如图1A-1D所示,该设备包括砧102,该砧具有圆柱形外周向表面104并适于沿第一方向Dir1围绕第一旋转轴线106旋转。虽然第一方向Dir1在图1A中被示出为顺时针方向,但应当理解,砧100可被配置成旋转使得第一方向Dir1为逆时针方向。砧辊102可轴向延伸介于第一端部108和第二端部110之间的长度。如下文所更详述,基底、加强层和弹性材料可在旋转的砧102上组合以形成至少一个弹性层压体。应当理解,本文的基底、加强层和弹性材料可用各种方式来配置。例如,基底和/或加强材料可被配置为非织造布并且弹性材料可被配置为弹性膜和/或弹性层压体。如图1B所示,砧102并且更具体地外周向表面104也可与真空压力源105流体连接。因此,在操作期间,真空气压可用来帮助将基底、加强层和弹性材料保持到砧102的外周向表面104上。剔除和/或停机也可由操作性地连接到砧102的真空传感器来触发。
继续参考图1A-1D,设备100也可包括第一撒布机机构112和第二撒布机机构114。如下文所更详述,第一撒布机机构和第二撒布机机构112、114在弹性层压体装配过程中用来拉伸弹性材料并且将所拉伸的弹性材料从撒布机机构112、114推进到旋转的砧102上的基底上。如图1A所示,第一撒布机机构112可相对于第一旋转轴线106成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构114。如图1B所示,第一撒布机机构112也可沿第一旋转轴线106轴向偏离第二撒布机机构114。
如图1A-1F所示,每个撒布机机构112、114包括第一盘状件116和第二盘状件118,其中第一盘状件116沿旋转轴线106偏离第二盘状件118。第一盘状件116适于围绕旋转轴线116a旋转,并且第二盘状件118适于围绕旋转轴线118a旋转,其中第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118沿与第一方向Dir1相反的第二方向Dir2旋转。虽然第二方向Dir2在图1A中被示出为逆时针方向,但应当理解,盘状件116、118可被配置成旋转使得第二方向Dir2为顺时针方向。此外,第一盘状件116包括在内边缘116c和外边缘116d之间轴向延伸的外边沿116b,并且第二盘状件118包括在内边缘118c和外边缘118d之间轴向延伸的外边沿118b。
如图1A、1B、1E和1F所示,第一盘状件116和第二盘状件118为彼此相对斜置的,使得外边沿116b、118b彼此分开距离D,所述距离从第一位置120处的最小距离Dmin增大至第二位置122处的最大距离Dmax。如下所述,在操作期间,弹性材料诸如弹性膜沿纵向MD被推进到外边沿116b、118b上。由于第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118为斜置的,因此盘状件116、118的旋转导致边沿116b、118b牵拉弹性材料的边缘区域,并且在弹性材料推进到砧102上之前沿横向CD拉伸弹性材料。因此,盘状件116、118也可被配置成在操作期间帮助夹持弹性材料的相对边缘区域。例如,具体地参考图1E和1F,第一盘状件116和第二盘状件118可各自包括从边沿116b、118b径向向内延伸的沟槽124。继而,沟槽124可与真空压力源129流体连接。因此,在操作期间,真空气压可用来帮助将弹性材料保持到边沿116b、118b上。剔除和/或停机也可由操作性地连接到撒布机盘状件116、118的真空传感器来触发。盘状件116、118也可包括支撑构件126,所述支撑构件横跨沟槽124延伸以帮助防止弹性材料被真空气压吸入到沟槽124中。如图1E、1F和1G所示,盘状件116、118也可包括从边沿116b、118b径向向外突起的瘤状物128。因此,瘤状物128在拉伸弹性材料时也可用来帮助防止弹性材料的边缘区域沿边沿116b、118b滑动。应当理解,附加瘤状物128可被定位在沟槽124的内侧或外侧。此外,瘤状物128也可被定位在支撑构件126上。
如上所述,拉伸的弹性材料、加强层和基底可在砧102上组合以形成具有两个或更多个粘结区域的弹性层压体。然后可在砧102上将弹性层压体的装配的部件在粘结区域中粘结在一起。如图1A、1C和1D所示,设备100可包括邻近砧102的一个或多个超声机构130。应当理解,超声机构130可包括变幅杆131,并且可被配置成向砧102上的组合的基底和弹性材料赋予超声能量。如图1HA和1HB所示,砧辊102可包括从砧102的外周向表面104径向向外延伸的多个粘结元件132。因此,超声机构可向变幅杆131施加能量以产生变幅杆在频率和振幅上的共振,因此变幅杆131沿大致垂直于在旋转的砧102上被推进经过变幅杆131的基底和弹性材料的方向快速振动。变幅杆131的振动在由砧102上的粘结元件132支撑的区域中产生热以将基底、加强层和弹性材料熔化并粘结在一起。应当理解,超声机构的多方面可用各种方式来配置,例如美国专利3,113,225;3,562,041;3,733,238;6,036,796;6,508,641;和6,645,330中所公开的。在一些构型中,超声机构可被配置为线性振荡型超声焊极,例如,购自Herrmann Ultrasonic,Inc.。在一些构型中,超声焊极可包括沿横向CD嵌套在一起的多个超声焊极。
虽然设备100被示出为包括超声机构130,当应当理解,设备100可被配置成以各种方式将弹性层压体的装配的部件粘结在一起。例如,设备100可被配置成用粘合剂、热粘结、超声粘结、和/或可利用非受热辊或受热辊的高压粘结将弹性层压体的部件粘结在一起。可用来粘结本文的弹性层压体的示例性方法和设备公开于以下专利中:美国专利4,854,984和6,248,195和美国专利公布2013/0218116A1;2013/0213547A1;2014/0377513A1;和2014/0377506A1。
如图1HA-1HC所示,粘结元件132从砧辊102径向向外突起,其中每个粘结元件132包括粘结表面133。具体地,每个粘结元件132包括周向壁134,其从砧辊102的外周向表面104径向向外突起以限定粘结表面133和外周向表面104之间的距离Hp。周向壁134还限定粘结元件132和粘结表面133的外周边135。应当理解,在一些实施方案中,周向壁134可垂直于外周向表面104,或者可相对于外周向表面104倾斜或渐缩。
还应当理解,砧辊102可被配置成带有包括不同尺寸和形状的粘结元件132和/或粘结表面133。例如,在一些实施方案中,粘结元件132和/或粘结表面133可具有周边135,该周边限定圆形形状、正方形形状、矩形形状、菱形形状、椭圆形形状和各种类型的其它形状。粘结元件132和/或粘结表面133还可被布置成在彼此之间带有各种尺寸的间隙或距离。粘结表面133还可被配置成限定各种不同的面积,并且还可被配置成包括沟槽。可用于本文的设备和方法的粘结元件的附加构型公开于美国专利公布2014/0377513A1和2014/0377506A1中。
如图1A、1C和1D所示,砧辊102邻近变幅杆131,以便限定砧辊102和变幅杆131之间的辊隙137,并且更具体地限定每个粘结元件132的粘结表面133和变幅杆131之间的辊隙137。应当理解,在粘结过程中,赋予到弹性层压体中的粘结部可对应于由所述多个粘结表面133所限定的图案和/或形状。因此,多个粘结元件132可被布置成两个或更多个巷道,该巷道沿砧102的外周向表面104周向延伸,并且具有各种轴向或横向宽度。如下所述,两个或更多个巷道可被布置成并被配置成在弹性层压体中的两个或更多个对应粘结区域中产生多个粘结部。
应当理解,砧可被配置成带有用各种方式配置的成各种数目的巷道的粘结元件132和粘结表面133。例如,如图1HA和1HB所示,砧102可包括九个巷道L1-L9,其中每个巷道包括多个粘结元件132。每个巷道L1-L9可沿外周向表面104延伸如下长度,该长度不完全围绕或完全围绕旋转轴线106延伸。每个巷道L1-L9也可限定各种轴向或横向CD宽度。为清楚起见,图1HA和1HB中示出了虚线以表示巷道L1-L9之间的示例性边界。应当理解,巷道L1-L9之间的此类边界也可为相对于横向CD弯曲的、成角度的、和/或直的。应当理解,巷道L1-L9各自内的粘结元件132可被配置成带有相同或不同数量的粘结表面133,它们具有相同或不同的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离。还应当理解,巷道L1-L9可包括相同或不同数量的粘结元件132,并且巷道中的任一者可包括粘结表面133,该粘结表面所带有的形状、尺寸、取向、面积、和/或粘结表面之间的距离相同于或不同于其它巷道中所包括的粘结表面133的形状、尺寸、取向、面积、和/或粘结表面之间的距离。因此,任何一个巷道中的多个粘结表面可被布置成以如下粘结密度向在砧和超声变幅杆之间推进的基底施加粘结部,所述粘结密度可小于、等于、或大于由另一个巷道中的多个粘结表面所产生的粘结部限定的粘结密度。
如先前所提及的,上文参考图1A-1HC所述的设备100可用来装配用各种方式配置的弹性层压体。例如,图2A-3示出了用来装配弹性层压体200的设备100的各种示意图,所述弹性层压体随后沿纵向MD被裁切成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204。第一基底202和/或第二基底204也可推进穿过切割器144诸如刀具,其将第一基底202和/或第二基底204沿横向CD切割和/或分离成离散部分或离散块244。
如图2A和2B所示,第一基底206沿纵向MD推进到旋转的砧102上。更具体地,第一基底206包括第一表面208和相对的第二表面210,并且第一基底206推进以将第一表面208包裹到旋转的砧102的外周向表面104上。如图2A和2B所示,第一加强层212被推进到第一基底206的第二表面210上。应当理解,第一加强层212可用各种方式形成。例如,第一加强层212被描述为被推进到第一基底206上的离散材料条带。继续参考图2B,第二加强层214和第三加强层216也可与第一基底206一起推进到砧辊102上。还应当理解,第一基底206和/或加强层212、214、216在推进到砧辊102上之前也可围绕引导辊144推进,诸如图2A和2B所示。
还应当理解,第二加强层和第三加强层214、216可用各种方式形成。例如,如图2C所示,第一基底206可推进穿过折叠设备142,所述折叠设备用来折叠第一基底206的多部分以产生第二加强层和第三加强层214、216。在一些构型中,诸如图2C所示,折叠设备142可用来沿横向CD侧向向内折叠第一基底206的第一纵向边缘218和/或第二纵向边缘220。更具体地,折叠设备142可折叠第一基底206以将第一基底206的第二表面210的第一部分206a和第二部分206b定位成与第一基底206的第二表面210成面对关系。因此,折叠设备142在沿纵向MD延伸的第一基底206中产生第一折叠线222和第二折叠线224。继而,第二加强层214可由在第一折叠线222和第一纵向边缘218之间延伸的第一基底206的第一部分206a限定,并且第三加强层216可由在第二折叠线224和第二纵向边缘220之间延伸的第一基底206的第二部分206b限定。
继续参考图2A和2B,在装配过程中,第一弹性材料226沿横向CD被拉伸并被定位成与第一基底204的第二表面210、第一加强层212和第二加强层214接触。具体地参考图2D,第一弹性材料226包括第一边缘区域226a和沿横向CD与第一边缘区域226a由中心区域226c分开的第二边缘区域226b。如图2A所示,在第一位置120处或其下游,第一弹性材料226沿纵向MD推进到第一撒布机机构112上。具体地,第一弹性材料226的第一边缘区域226a推进到第一撒布机机构112的第一盘状件116的外边沿116b上,并且第二边缘区域226b推进到第二盘状件118的外边沿118b上。如先前参考图1E所述,第一撒布机机构112的第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118的外边沿116b、118b可包括流体连接到真空压力源129的沟槽124,并且可包括径向突起的瘤状物128。因此,如图2D所示,第一弹性材料226的第一边缘区域226a可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿116b上的适当位置。类似地,第一弹性材料226的第二边缘区域226b可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿118b上的适当位置。
继续参考图2D,随着第一撒布机机构112的第一盘状件116和第二盘状件118的旋转,第一弹性材料226的中心区域226c沿横向CD被拉伸。由于第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域226a、226b保持在外边沿116b、118b上的适当位置,因此第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域226a、226b的一些部分可在第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118旋转时保持未沿横向CD被拉伸。现在参考图2A和2B,第一弹性材料226从第一撒布机机构112推进,并且在第一施加区136处被转移到砧102上的第一基底206的第二表面210上。具体地,第一弹性材料226的拉伸的中心区域226c被定位成直接接触第一基底206的第二表面210。此外,第一加强层212被定位在第一基底206的第二表面210和第一弹性材料226的第一边缘区域226a之间并直接接触它们。第二加强层214也被定位在第一基底206的第二表面210和第一弹性材料226的第二边缘区域226b之间并直接接触它们,其中第一基底206的第一纵向边缘218被定位在第一弹性材料226的第二边缘区域226b和第一基底206的第二表面210之间。
应当理解,在从第一撒布机机构112向砧102转移期间,在第二位置122处或其上游,第一弹性材料226可从第一撒布机机构112被移除。如先前所提及的,砧102的外周向表面104可与真空源105流体连接,并且因此真空气压可施加到砧102上的第一基底206。此外,当第一基底206被配置作为多孔基底诸如非织造布时,真空气压也可施加到砧102上的第一弹性材料226,并且因此可帮助保持第一弹性材料216的中心区域226c在砧102上的拉伸状态。
现在参考图2A和2F,在装配过程中,第二弹性材料228沿横向CD被拉伸并被定位成接触第一基底206的第二表面210。具体地参考图2F,第二弹性材料228包括第一边缘区域228a和沿横向CD与第一边缘区域228a由中心区域228c分开的第二边缘区域228b。如图2A所示,在第一位置120处或其下游,第二弹性材料228沿纵向MD推进到第二撒布机机构114上。具体地,第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a推进到第二撒布机机构114的第一盘状件116的外边沿116b上,并且第二边缘区域228b推进到第二盘状件118的外边沿118b上。如先前参考图1F所述,第二撒布机机构114的第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118的外边沿116b、118b可包括流体连接到真空压力源129的沟槽124,并且可包括径向突起的瘤状物128。因此,如图2F所示,第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿116b上的适当位置。类似地,第二弹性材料228的第二边缘区域228b可用沟槽124中的真空气压和径向突起的瘤状物128保持在外边沿118b上的适当位置。应当理解,此类瘤状物128可形成于金属盘状件中,诸如通过激光、喷水切割、或其它常见的机加工工艺来形成。此外,此类瘤状物128和/或真空沟槽124还可用加成制造工艺诸如SLA、FDM、或选择性激光烧结来形成。
继续参考图2F,随着第二撒布机机构114的第一盘状件116和第二盘状件118的旋转,第二弹性材料228的中心区域228c沿横向CD被拉伸。由于第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域228a、228b保持在外边沿116b、118b上的适当位置,因此第一边缘区域和第二边缘区域228a、228b的一些部分可在第一盘状件和第二盘状件116、118旋转时保持未沿横向CD被拉伸。现在参考图2A和2E,第二弹性材料228从第二撒布机机构114推进,并且在第二施加区138处被转移到砧102上的第一基底206的第二表面210上。具体地,第二弹性材料228的拉伸的中心区域228c被定位成直接与第一基底206的第二表面210接触。此外,第一加强层212被定位在第一基底206的第二表面210和第二弹性材料228的第二边缘区域228b之间并直接接触它们。第三加强层216被定位在第一基底206的第二表面210和第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a之间并直接接触它们,其中第一基底206的第二纵向边缘220被定位在第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a和第一基底206的第二表面210之间。
如先前所提及的,第一撒布机机构112可相对于第一旋转轴线106成角度地偏离第二撒布机机构114。因此,第二施加区138被定位在第一施加区136的下游。应当理解,在从第二撒布机机构114向砧102转移期间,在第二位置122处或其上游,第二弹性材料218可从第二撒布机机构114被移除。如先前所提及的,砧102的外周向表面104可与真空源105流体连接、并且因此真空气压可施加到砧102上的第一基底206。此外,当第一基底206被配置作为多孔基底诸如非织造布时,真空气压也可施加到砧102上的第二弹性材料228、并且因此可帮助保持第二弹性材料228的中心区域228c在砧102上的拉伸状态。另外,如图2E所示,第二弹性材料228可沿横向CD与第一弹性材料226轴向分开或间隔开,使得在第一弹性材料226和第二弹性材料228之间存在横向间隙。
如图2A、2B和2E所示,弹性层压体200可通过如下方式形成:在砧102上将第二基底230与第一基底206、第一弹性材料226、第二弹性材料228和加强层212、214、216组合在一起。弹性层压体200包括沿横向CD与第二边缘242分开的第一边缘240。第二基底230包括第一表面232和相对的第二表面234以及沿横向CD与第二纵向边缘238分开的第一纵向边缘236。第二基底230推进以将第一表面232定位成与第一弹性材料226、第二弹性材料228、加强层212、214、216和第一基底206的第二表面210接触。具体地,第一弹性材料226的第一边缘区域226a和第二弹性材料228的第二边缘区域228b被定位在第一加强层212和第二基底230的第一表面232之间。此外,位于第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料226、228之间的第一加强层212的中心部分被定位在第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232之间并直接接触它们。第二基底230的第一表面232也被定位成直接与第一弹性材料226的拉伸的中心区域226c和第二弹性材料228的拉伸的中心区域228c接触。此外,第一弹性材料226的第二边缘区域226b被定位在第二加强层214和第二基底230的第一表面232之间并直接接触它们。并且第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a被定位在第三加强层216和第二基底230的第一表面232之间并直接接触它们。
随着砧102的旋转,包括第一基底234、第一弹性材料216、第二弹性材料218、第二基底230和加强层212、214、216的弹性层压体200被推进穿过位于砧102上的粘结表面133和超声变幅杆131之间的辊隙137。继而,超声变幅杆131将第一基底206、第一弹性材料226、第二基底230、第一加强层212和第二加强层214粘结在一起,并且也将第一基底206、第二弹性材料228、第二基底230、第一加强层212和第三加强层216粘结在一起,诸如图4和5所示。
应当理解,弹性层压体200可包括部件的各种部分,所述各种部分用各种方式粘结在一起并且包括具有不同或相同粘结图案的粘结部300。例如,第一弹性材料226的第一边缘区域226a的未拉伸部分可与第一基底206、第一加强层212和/或第二基底230粘结在一起。并且类似地,第二弹性材料228的第二边缘区域228b的未拉伸部分可与第一基底206、第一加强层212和/或第二基底230粘结在一起。第一弹性材料226的第二边缘区域226b的未拉伸部分可与第一基底206、第二加强层214和/或第二基底230粘结在一起。并且类似地,第二弹性材料228的第一边缘区域228a的未拉伸部分可与第一基底206、第三加强层216和/或第二基底230粘结在一起。此外,第一弹性材料226的拉伸的中心区域226c可与第一基底和/或第二基底206、230粘结在一起。此外,第二弹性材料228的拉伸的中心区域228c可与第一基底和/或第二基底206、230粘结在一起。此外,第一基底206可在弹性层压体200的区域中直接粘结到第二基底230。应当理解,设备100可适于产生各种类型的粘结构型,例如美国专利6,572,595中所公开的。
如先前在上文中参考图1HA和1HB所提及的,砧102可包括多个粘结元件132,所述粘结元件可被布置成并被配置成在弹性层压体200中产生多个粘结部300。应当理解,在粘结过程中,赋予到弹性层压体200中的粘结部300可对应于由砧102的所述多个粘结表面133限定的图案和/或形状。因此,粘结部300可具有不同的尺寸和形状。例如,在一些实施方案中,粘结部300可限定圆形形状、正方形形状、矩形形状、椭圆形形状、菱形形状、和各种类型的其它形状。粘结部300还可被布置成在彼此之间带有各种尺寸的间隙或距离。粘结部300还可限定各种不同的区域。粘结部的附加构型和布置结构公开于美国专利公布2014/0377513A1和2014/0377506A1中。
如图2A和6所示,弹性层压体200然后可从砧102推进至切割器140。继而,切割器140将弹性层压体200分离成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204。因此,第一弹性层压体202包括沿横向CD与第二边缘241分开的第一边缘240,并且第二弹性层压体204包括沿横向CD与第二边缘242分开的第一边缘243。应当理解,切割器140可用各种方式来配置。例如,在一些实施方案中,切割器140可为裁切器或冲切器,其将弹性层压体200分离成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204。切割器140可按沿纵向MD延伸的直线切口和/或曲线切口切穿第一基底206、第一加强层212和第二基底230。切割器140也可被配置作为穿孔器,所述穿孔器在弹性层压体200中穿孔出弱线,并且其中弹性层压体200在随后的步骤中沿弱线分离。还应当理解,切割器140可被配置成在弹性层压体200被定位在砧104上时将弹性层压体200切割成第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体202、204。
在一些构型中,切割器140可诸如图3所示沿如下线切割弹性层压体200,所述线沿纵向MD延伸穿过弹性层压体200的中心区域或位置200c。因此,弹性层压体200可被分离成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204,诸如图6所示。在裁切了弹性层压体200之后,可让第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204沿横向CD松弛或收缩,其中第一弹性材料226的中心区域226c沿横向CD收缩,并且其中第二弹性材料228的中心区域228c沿横向CD收缩。在一些构型中,可让弹性层压体200在被切割器140分离成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204之前沿横向CD松弛或收缩。
如图3和4所示,弹性层压体200的中心区域或位置200c可被限定在介于第一弹性材料226和第二弹性材料228之间的区域中,第一基底206、第一加强层212和第二基底230在那里彼此直接粘结。因此,用切割器140沿中心区域200c裁切弹性层压体200可无需在产生第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体202、204时也切穿第一弹性材料226和/或第二弹性材料228。因此,第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体202、204的裁切的边缘可不具有暴露的弹性材料226、228,并且因此可相对更美观。
应当理解,各种布置结构的设备可被配置成以各种工艺构型操作以装配弹性层压体200,诸如图4所示,并且其中所述装配操作可按各种顺序并用各种方式来执行。例如,如图4A所示,第一基底206可与第一加强层212组合,并且第一基底206可被折叠以限定第二加强层和第三加强层214、216。图4A的第一基底206和加强层212、214、216可与设有未拉伸的边缘区域226a、226b和拉伸的中心区域226c的第一弹性材料226组合,诸如图4B1所示。此外,图4A的第一基底206和加强层212、214、216还可与设有未拉伸的边缘区域228a、228b和拉伸的中心区域228c的第二弹性材料228组合,诸如图4B1所示。图4B1的第一基底206、弹性材料226、228和加强层212、214、216可与第二基底230组合,诸如图4C所示,从而实现图4所示的弹性层压体。在一些构型中,第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料226、228可在与第一基底206和/或第二基底230组合之后形成。例如,图4A的第一基底206和加强层212、214、216可与设有未拉伸的边缘区域227a、227b和拉伸的中心区域227c的单一弹性材料227组合,诸如图4B2A所示,以实现图4B2B所示的构型。图4B2B的组合的第一基底206和加强层212、214、216和弹性材料227可通过如下方式来修改:沿拉伸的中心区域227c将弹性材料227切割成第一弹性材料226和第二弹性材料228。如图4B2C所示,邻近切口的弹性材料227的区域可沿横向CD回缩以限定第一弹性材料226的未拉伸的第一边缘区域226a和第二弹性材料228的未拉伸的第二边缘区域228b。继而,图4B2C的第一基底206、弹性材料226、228和加强层212、214、216可与第二基底230组合,诸如图4C所示,以实现图4所示的弹性层压体。
还应当理解,本文的弹性层压体200可用各种不同的方式被配置成带有不同构型的第一加强层212、第二加强层214和第三加强层216。例如,虽然第二加强层214和第三加强层216可通过仅折叠第一基底206来形成,诸如上文参考图2C所述,但应当理解,除了折叠第一基底206之外或另选地,邻近第一边缘和第二边缘236、238的第二基底230的部分也可沿横向CD朝彼此侧向向内被折叠。例如,在一些构型中,第二加强层214可通过折叠第一基底206和/或第二基底230的一部分来形成,并且第三加强层216可通过折叠第一基底206和/或第二基底230的一部分来形成。例如,第二加强层214可通过沿第一纵向边缘218折叠第一基底206的一部分来形成,并且第三加强层216可通过沿第二纵向边缘238折叠第二基底230的一部分来形成。
还应当理解、除了折叠第一基底206和/或第二基底230的部分之外或另选地,第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可由离散材料条带形成。例如,第一加强层212可由第一离散材料条带限定,第二加强层214可由第二离散材料条带限定,并且第三加强层216可由第三离散材料条带限定。应当理解,第一加强层212和/或第二加强层214可被定位在第一弹性材料226和第一基底206或第二基底230之间;并且第一加强层212和/或第三加强层216可被定位在第二弹性材料228和第一基底206或第二基底230之间。还应当理解、第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可限定变化的横向宽度,并且可在弹性层压体200内沿横向CD位于各种不同的位置。例如,第二加强层214可不沿横向完全延伸至第一基底和第二基底206、230的第一边缘218、236,并且第三加强层216可不沿横向完全延伸至第一基底和第二基底206、230的第二边缘220、238。此外,第一加强层212还可通过折叠第一基底206和/或第二基底230的一部分和/或结合离散材料条带来形成。例如,第一加强层212可通过在第一基底206和/或第二基底230中产生Z形折叠部来形成。
还应当理解、第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可由与第一基底206和/或第二基底230的材料相同或不同的材料形成。在一些构型中,第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可由切割自第一基底206和/或第二基底230的材料条带形成。应当理解,第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可由各种类型的材料形成。例如,加强层可为单层或多层的聚合物膜层。应当理解,所述聚合物材料可为结晶的、半结晶的或非晶态的。在一些构型中,加强层可由与第一基底和/或第二基底的聚合物相容的聚合物制成。在一些构型中,聚合物可为均聚物、共聚物、或嵌段共聚物。例如,可使用聚烯烃。在一些构型中,聚丙烯均聚物可与常用的聚丙烯非织造基底相容。类似地,如果第一基底和/或第二基底是由聚乙烯制成的,则加强层可由聚乙烯制成。在一些构型中,由聚丙烯芯和聚乙烯皮制成的多层膜将牢固地与聚乙烯非织造布粘结。聚丙烯共聚物和聚乙烯共聚物也可为用于所述加强层的合适的聚合物。可用来制备加强层的其它聚合物为:苯乙烯聚合物、热塑性聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚乳酸、聚酯、或它们的共混物。
应当理解,本文的方法和/或设备100的多方面可被配置成从各种类型的材料和/或部件来装配弹性层压体。例如,应当理解,第一基底206、第二基底230、第一加强层212、第二加强层214和/或第三加强层216可被配置作为相同或不同类型的材料。例如,基底206、230和/或加强层212、214,216可被配置为单层非织造布或多层非织造布。在一些其中弹性层压体202、204可用来制造尿布部件的示例中,基底206可限定呈尿布部件形式的弹性层压体202、204的面向衣服表面,而基底230可限定呈尿布部件形式的弹性层压体202、204的面向身体表面。因此,出于美感目的,诸如柔软感和外观,基底206可被配置为相对较高成本的高级材料。相比之下,基底230可被配置为成本最优化的非织造布、作为对穿着者的皮肤来讲柔软的高级非织造布、或用于改善贴合性的高摩擦系数的非织造布来销售。在一些示例中,基底可被配置为旨在限定面向穿着者表面的相对较低基重的非织造布,其可帮助降低弹性层压体中的波纹在穿着者皮肤上产生压力印记的可能性。相对较低基重的非织造布也可具有相对较低的抗弯刚度,并且因此贴靠穿着者皮肤的任何波纹将在相对较低的力下塌缩。
如先前所提及的,第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料226、228可用各种方式来配置并且可由各种材料构成。例如,弹性材料可通过本领域中的任何合适的方法来形成,例如,通过将熔融热塑性聚合物和/或弹性体聚合物或聚合物共混物挤出通过狭槽模具,随后冷却所挤出的片材。用于制备膜形式的其它非限制性示例包括由含水浇铸分散体、非水浇铸分散体浇铸、吹制、溶液流铸、压延和成形。可将本公开的弹性体组合物制备成基重为约5至约150g/m2的膜。弹性材料也可为由弹性体材料制成的开孔膜以提供透气性。在一些构型中,第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料包括合成纤维的非织造纤维网。所述纤维网可由来自弹性体的纤维制成,或者可为弹性体纤维与塑性纤维的混合物。第一弹性材料和第二弹性材料也可被配置为层压体,该层压体包括与外层和内层连接的和/或插置在外层和内层之间的弹性材料。弹性材料可包括一个或多个弹性元件,诸如股线、带状物、或嵌板。用于制备弹性材料的合适的弹性体组合物包括选自以下的热塑性弹性体:苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚醚酰胺、聚烯烃弹性体、以及它们的组合。
还应当理解,根据本文形成的弹性层压体200可不包括第一加强层212、第二加强层214或第三加强层216。例如,弹性层压体200可包括仅第二加强层和第三加强层214、216,并且可不包括第一加强层212。在另一个示例中,弹性层压体200可包括仅第一加强层212,并且可不包括第二和/或第三加强层214、216。在另一个示例中,诸如图7-9所示,弹性层压体200、202、204可被装配成不带有加强层。
如先前在上文中参考图1HA和1HB所提及的,砧102可包括两个或更多个巷道,例如巷道L1-L9。并且每个巷道可包括多个粘结元件132,该粘结元件可被布置成并被配置成在弹性层压体200中的两个或更多个对应的粘结区域中产生多个粘结部。因此,本文的弹性层压体可被构造成包括两个或更多个粘结区域,所述粘结区域不彼此重叠,其中所述粘结区域可由相对于彼此层合或堆叠的弹性层压体的各种层或部件限定。例如,图4-5和图7-8所示的弹性层压体200包括沿纵向MD延伸的粘结区域Br1-Br9,并且可具有各种横向CD宽度。如上所述,切割器140可沿如下线将弹性层压体200切割成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204,该线沿纵向MD延伸穿过中心区域或位置200c。因此,在一些构型中,弹性层压体200的中心区域或位置200c可限定粘结区域Br5。在如上所述地将弹性层压体200切割成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204之后,第一弹性层压体202可包括粘结区域Br1-B4和粘结区域Br5的一部分,并且第二弹性层压体204可包括粘结区域Br6-B9和粘结区域Br5的一部分。虽然粘结区域B1-B9中的一些可邻接另一个粘结区域,但粘结区域Br1-Br9均不重叠另一个粘结区域,使得每个粘结区域被完全定位在所有其它粘结区域之外。为清楚起见,图4-6和7-9中示出了虚线以表示粘结区域Br1-Br9之间的示例性边界。应当理解,粘结区域Br1-Br9之间的此类边界也可为相对于横向CD弯曲的、成角度的和/或直的。
应当理解,粘结区域可用各种方式来限定,这取决于弹性层压体是如何构造的。例如,参考图4和7,第一粘结区域Br1可被限定在第一基底206直接与第二基底230接触之处,在第一弹性材料226的第二未拉伸的边缘区域226b和纵向边缘240之间。并且如图4所示,第一粘结区域Br1也可被限定在第二加强层214直接与第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第二粘结区域Br2可被限定在第一弹性材料226的第二未拉伸的边缘区域226b直接与第一基底206或第二基底230接触之处。并且如图4所示,第二粘结区域Br2也可被限定在第一弹性材料226的第二未拉伸的边缘区域226b直接与第二加强层214和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第三粘结区域Br3可被限定在第一弹性材料226的拉伸的中心区域226c直接与第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232中任一者或两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第四粘结区域Br4可被限定在第一弹性材料226的第一未拉伸的边缘区域226a直接与第一基底206或第二基底230接触之处。并且如图4所示,第四粘结区域Br4也可被限定在第一弹性材料226的第一未拉伸的边缘区域226a直接与第一加强层212和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。如图4所示,第五粘结区域Br5可被限定在第一加强层212直接与第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。并且如图7所示,第五粘结区域Br5也可被限定在第一基底206在第一弹性材料226的第一未拉伸的边缘区域226a和第二弹性材料228的第二未拉伸的边缘228b之间直接与第二基底230接触之处。如图4和7所示,第六粘结区域Br6可被限定在第二弹性材料228的第二未拉伸的边缘区域228b直接与第一基底206或第二基底230接触之处。如图4所示,第六粘结区域Br6也可被限定在第二弹性材料228的第二未拉伸的边缘区域228b直接与第一加强层212和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第七粘结区域Br7可被限定在第二弹性材料228的拉伸的中心区域228c直接与第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232中任一者或两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第八粘结区域Br8可被限定在第二弹性材料228的第一未拉伸的边缘区域228a直接与第一基底206或第二基底230接触之处。并且如图4所示,第八粘结区域Br8还可被限定在第二弹性材料228的第一未拉伸的边缘区域228a直接与第三加强层216和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。如图4和7所示,第九粘结区域Br9可被限定在第一基底206在第二弹性材料228的第一未拉伸的边缘区域228a和纵向边缘242之间直接与第二基底230接触之处,。并且如图4所示,第九粘结区域Br9可被限定在第三加强层216直接与第一基底206的第二表面210和第二基底230的第一表面232两者接触之处。
应当理解,本文的弹性层压体可被配置成带有各种数目的粘结区域,它们各自还包括可用各种方式形成的多个粘结部300。例如,粘结部300可包括压力粘结部、热粘结部、超声粘结部和/或粘合剂粘结部。还应当理解,本文的弹性层压体可被配置成带有各种数目的粘结区域,它们各自包括用各种方式配置的多个粘结部300。例如,如图5和8所示,粘结区域Br1至Br9各自内的粘结部300可被配置成带有相同或不同的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结部300之间的距离。还应当理解,粘结区域Br1至Br9可包括相同或不同数量的粘结部300,并且粘结区域中的任一者可包括粘结部300、所述粘结部所带有的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结部之间的距离相同于或不同于其它粘结区域中所包括的粘结部300的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结部之间的距离。
应当理解,弹性层压体的一些或全部粘结区域可具有相同或不同的粘结密度。因此,弹性层压体的一些或全部粘结区域可具有相同或不同的粘结频率。此外,弹性层压体的一些或全部粘结区域可具有相同或不同的合计粘结覆盖率。此外,第一粘结区域中的粘结频率和合计粘结覆盖率可与第二粘结区域中的粘结频率和合计粘结覆盖率相同,同时第一粘结区域中的至少一个粘结部可限定不同于由第二粘结区域中的至少一个粘结部所d限定的形状的形状。
例如参考图4-6和图7-9,在一些构型中,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结密度可小于第二粘结区域Br2和/或第四粘结区域B4的粘结密度。继而,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于第二粘结区域Br2和/或第四粘结区域B4的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。在一些构型中,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结密度可小于第一粘结区域Br1和/或第五粘结区域B5的粘结密度。继而,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于第一粘结区域Br1和/或第五粘结区域B5的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。在一些构型中,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结密度可小于粘结区域Br2和/或Br4的粘结密度,并且粘结区域Br2和Br4的粘结密度可大于或小于粘结区域B1和/或Br5的粘结密度。继而,第三粘结区域Br3的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于粘结区域Br2和/或Br4的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率,并且粘结区域Br2和Br4的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可大于或小于粘结区域B1和/或Br5的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。
在附加示例中,参考图4-6和图7-9,在一些构型中,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结密度可小于第六粘结区域Br6和/或第八粘结区域B8的粘结密度。继而,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于第六粘结区域Br6和/或第八粘结区域B8的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。在一些构型中,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结密度可小于第九粘结区域Br9和/或第五粘结区域B5的粘结密度。继而,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于第九粘结区域Br9和/或第九粘结区域B9的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。在一些构型中,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结密度可小于粘结区域Br6和/或Br8的粘结密度,并且粘结区域Br6和Br8的粘结密度可大于或小于粘结区域B9和/或Br5的粘结密度。继而,第七粘结区域Br7的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可小于粘结区域Br6和/或Br8的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率,并且粘结区域Br6和Br8的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可大于或小于粘结区域B5和/或Br9的粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。还应当理解,粘结区域B1-Br5中任一者的粘结密度、粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可大于、等于、或小于粘结区域B6-Br9中任一者的粘结密度、粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率。在一些构型中,粘结区域Br1-Br6中任一者的粘结密度、粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率可等于粘结区域Br1-Br6中任何另一者的粘结密度、粘结频率和/或合计粘结覆盖率,同时粘结区域Br1-Br6中任一者中的至少一个粘结部的形状可不同于粘结区域Br1-Br6中任何另一者中的至少一个粘结部的形状。
应当理解,本文的设备和方法可被配置成在弹性层压体中产生各种构型的粘结部300。例如,如先前所提及的,砧102可被配置成带有成巷道的粘结元件132,使得粘结元件可沿外周向表面104延伸各种长度,该长度可小于旋转轴线106或完全围绕旋转轴线106。例如,图10A示出了平坦展开的砧102的外周向表面104的视图,示出了相对于旋转轴线106处于各种横向CD位置和从0°至360°的各种角位置的粘结元件132。如图10A所示,带有粘结表面133的多个粘结元件132可被布置在沿外周向表面104延伸的巷道L1-L9中。粘结元件132和粘结表面133也可被布置成沿横向CD延伸的行R,其中行R可沿外周向表面104彼此成角度地分开各种距离。应当理解,砧102可包括多于或少于图10A所示数量的行R。为清楚起见,图10A中示出了虚线400以表示粘结元件132和粘结表面133的第一行Ra和第二行Rb的示例性取向和形状。应当理解,粘结元件132和粘结表面133的行R的此类取向和形状也可为相对于彼此和/或横向CD弯曲的、成角度的和/或直的。
应当理解,砧102可被配置成带有包括相同或不同数量的粘结表面133的行R,该粘结表面具有相同或不同的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离。还应当理解,行R可包括相同或不同数量的粘结元件132,并且行R中的任一行可包括粘结表面133,该粘结表所带有的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离相同于或不同于其它行R中所包括的粘结表面133的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离。因此,任何一个行R中的多个粘结表面可被布置成在对应的行R中以如下粘结密度向弹性层压体200施加粘结部300,所述粘结密度可小于、等于、或大于由另一个行R中的多个粘结表面所产生的粘结部限定的粘结密度。因此,砧102上的成行R的粘结元件132可在推进的弹性层压体200中产生对应的粘结部300的行R,诸如图10B所示。因此,粘结部300的行R可沿弹性层压体200的纵向MD重复。为清楚起见,图10B中示出了虚线401以表示粘结部300的第一行R1和第二行R1的示例性取向和形状。应当理解,粘结部300的行R的此类取向和形状也可为相对于彼此和/或横向CD弯曲的、成角度的和/或直的。继而,粘结部300的行R可沿弹性层压体200的纵向MD重复。
还应当理解,粘结元件132和粘结表面133可被布置成沿砧102的外周向表面104限定重复图案。例如,图11A示出了平坦展开的砧102的外周向表面104的视图,示出了粘结元件132,该粘结元件被布置成限定相对于旋转轴线106处于从0°至360°各种角位置的图案P。带有粘结表面133的所述多个粘结元件132被示出为被布置成限定三个图案Pa、Pb、Pc,它们可沿外周向表面104成角度地延伸各种距离。粘结元件132和粘结表面133也可被布置成沿外周向表面104延伸的巷道L1-L9。应当理解,砧102可包括多于或少于图11A所示数量的图案P。为清楚起见,图11A中示出了虚线402以表示粘结元件132和粘结表面133的图案P的示例性边界和形状。应当理解,粘结元件132和粘结表面133的图案P的此类边界和形状也可为相对于彼此和/或横向CD弯曲的、成角度的和/或直的。
应当理解,砧102可被配置成带有包括相同或不同数量的粘结表面133的图案P,该粘结表面具有相同或不同的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离。还应当理解,图案P可包括相同或不同数量的粘结元件132,并且图案P中的任一个图案可包括粘结表面133,该粘结表面所带有的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离相同于或不同于其它图案P中所包括的粘结表面133的形状、尺寸、取向、面积和/或粘结表面之间的距离。因此,任何一个图案P中的多个粘结表面可被布置成在对应的图案P中以如下粘结密度向弹性层压体200施加粘结部300,该粘结密度可小于、等于或大于由另一个图案P中的多个粘结表面133所产生的粘结部300限定的粘结密度。因此,砧102上的粘结元件132的图案P可在推进的弹性层压体200中产生对应的粘结部300的图案P,诸如图11B所示。因此,粘结部300的图案P可沿弹性层压体200的纵向MD重复。为清楚起见,图11B中示出了虚线403以表示粘结部300的第一图案P1、第二图案P2和第三图案P3的示例性边界和形状。应当理解,粘结部300的图案P的此类边界和形状也可为相对于彼此和/或横向CD弯曲的、成角度的和/或直的。
粘结部300的图案P可沿弹性层压体200的纵向MD重复。继而,图案P可为有节距的,使得切割自弹性层压体200的各个部件或块可包括一个或多个图案P。例如,如图11B所示,图案P1、P2、P3被示出为具有相同的形状和尺寸。因此,图案P被示出为沿纵向MD以重复长度RL重复的。如先前所提及的,装配的弹性层压体200可随后沿纵向MD被裁切成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204,诸如图11C所示。因此,弹性层压体200的图案P也可被划分,其中第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204可包括每个图案P的全部或一部分。例如,第一弹性层压体202被示出为包括图案P1a、P2a、P3a,并且第二弹性层压体204s被示出为包括图案P1b、P2b、P3b,它们各自分别表示出自图11B的图案P1、P2、P3的部分。此外,第一弹性层压体202和/或第二弹性层压体204也可沿横向CD被切割并分离成离散部分或离散块244,诸如图2A和11D所示。每个离散块244可被切割成具有节线长度PL,并且可各自包括粘结部300的图案P。还应当理解,本文的设备和方法也可被配置成带有配准系统。因此,应当理解,图2A所示的弹性层压体200、202、204和/或切割器144的速度可受到控制以将弹性层压体切割成具有节线长度PL的块,所述节线长度是根据相应的重复长度RL与粘结部300的图案P配准的。
如先前所提及的,本文的设备100可被配置成以具有各种形状和尺寸的图案P来施加粘结部300。例如,图12A示出了具有变化形状的粘结部图案P的示例。为清楚起见,图12A中示出了虚线404以表示粘结部300的第一图案P1、第二图案P2、第三图案P3和第四图案P4的示例性边界和形状。如前所述,粘结部300的图案P可沿弹性层压体200的纵向MD重复。并且图案P可为有节距的,使得切割自弹性层压体200的各个部件或块可包括一个或多个图案P。例如,如图12A所示,图案P1、P3被示出为具有相同的形状和尺寸,并且图案P2、P4被示出为具有相同的形状和尺寸。此外,图案P1、P3的形状不同于图案P2、P4的形状。图案P被示出为沿纵向MD以重复长度RL重复。如先前所提及的,装配的弹性层压体200可沿纵向MD被裁切成第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204,诸如图12B所示。因此,弹性层压体200的图案P也可被划分,其中第一弹性层压体202和第二弹性层压体204可包括每个图案P的全部或一部分。例如,第一弹性层压体202被示出为包括图案P1a、P2a、P3a、P4a,并且第二弹性层压体204被示出为包括图案P1b、P2b、P3b、P4b,它们各自分别表示自图12A的图案P1、P2、P3、P4的部分。此外,第一弹性层压体202和/或第二弹性层压体204也可沿横向CD被切割并分离成离散部分或离散块244,诸如图2A和12C所示。每个离散块244可被切割成具有节线长度PL,并且可各自包括粘结部300的图案P。
应当理解,本文的设备100可被配置成包括各种类型的附件以帮助降低资本成本和/或确保所制造的产品的一致的品质。例如,应当理解,本文所述的可用来装配弹性层压体的部件,诸如弹性膜和非织造基底可具有高颈缩模量,从而导致针对小张力变化的不同的条带宽度。在装配期间,瞬时颈缩可导致铺展在所述层压体中的膜发生损失或者因需要附加基底宽度而增加产品成本。因此,本文的设备100可利用各种附件以帮助减小此类宽度变化。例如,所述设备可包括线性或旋转式浮动辊系统,诸如欧洲专利公布EP 2 841 364A1中所公开的。这种浮动辊系统可操作性地与以扭矩模式操作的伺服马达和驱动控制器连接,并且可基本上改善对弹性膜和非织造基底的张力控制,这继而可帮助减小宽度变化。可使用各种类型的伺服马达和驱动控制器,例如,出自Rockwell Automation的Kinetix 5700系统和MPL-B540K-SJ72AA马达。弹性膜或非织造基底的计量流动速率可由伺服张紧辊下游的伺服从动辊来控制l。
在一些构型中,本文的设备100可包括附加飞轮,诸如大直径的滑轮,其可添加到用于非织造基底或弹性膜心轴驱动器的马达。这种飞轮可帮助增大马达侧惯性,并且可减小马达惯性对心轴驱动器负荷惯性的比率。所述带驱动器的驱动侧和从动侧之间的较低惯性比率可改善所述商业伺服驱动器中的位置环路的调谐。继而,可因此通过使用相对较小的马达来降低资本成本。
在一些构型中,砧102上的粘结元件132可被布置成平衡图案。这种平衡图案可减小粘结图案的量的变化,所述粘结图案可随着砧102的旋转被操作性地抵靠超声焊极接合。在一些构型中,连续的粘结图案可标称地被平衡。相比之下,当布置粘结表面以限定区域性粘结图案时,随着砧102的旋转,暴露于焊极的粘结面积的变化可为显著的。在一些构型中,平衡图案可被定位在弹性层压体的非功能性区域中,例如,在修剪区域中使用这种粘结图案以减小随着砧的旋转而发生的粘结图案面积的变化。
在一些构型中,可沿横向CD相对于所述区域性粘结图案跟踪弹性膜和/或非织造基底。例如,弹性膜可被跟踪至裁切器,其中该跟踪可由诸如可商购得自Erhardt+Leimer或Maxcess Corporation的商业偏移枢转引导装置来提供。该枢转引导装置可处于中心引导模式。通过将一个膜裁切成两个膜,对于所裁切的膜中的每个来讲,该传入辊的宽度误差可为初始膜宽度误差的二分之一或更少。通过再次中心引导到撒布装置(其可为带有单行瘤状物的斜置的真空轮)上,每个边缘位置处的初始基底宽度变化可被减小至初始宽度变化的四分之一或更少。中心引导可通过单一传感器诸如E+L FR6001传感器来实现。该传感器可为光帘类型,诸如购自Wenglor Sensor LLC。设定点位置可经由通过Ethernet/IP进行的通信针对不同的产品来配置。此类技术可允许沿CD的最小膜宽度,这可减小产品成本。精确跟踪,诸如在2mm、1mm、0.5mm、或更少以内的精确跟踪可允许所述膜基底的边处的未拉伸的膜宽度相对更小,诸如3mm或更小。可能需要精确跟踪以将膜边缘与砧102中的真空图案对准。该膜或基底各自可被单独地跟踪,并且该膜或基底各自可靠近工艺流程中的层压部被跟踪。对于膜,该跟踪可直接在一组斜置的撒布机盘状件之前进行。并且基底可被递送作为宽材料,并被裁切成两个或更多个基底。窄基底可沿横向由反馈控制偏移枢转引导装置、一组平行的斜置惰辊、纤维网加捻器、转杆和/或有沟道的惰辊重新定位。传感器可测量并向操作者显示装置输出对横向CD跟踪位置或膜宽度,波纹区、非织造基底、或分区图案的误差测量值。操作者可具有对手动设置调节值进行微调的能力。靠近层压单元的纤维网引导装置或光学传感器可检测基底的边缘位置、宽度或中心位置。此类商业装置的输出可触发一个或多个衬垫从转换加工生产线上被剔除。
砧上的分区图案也可沿纵向MD被定相,并且沿横向CD相对于电子定时位置、最终刀具、后耳片冲切器、后耳片施加单元、带施加单元、带粘结单元、基底中的一个基底或另一个产品特征结构上的标志被跟踪。此外,还可使用下游机器视觉系统来检视弹性层压体的品质。此类品质检视可包括波纹宽度、粘结图案和/或标志的边缘和/或外观、区域性粘结图案的纵向MD放置情况、分区图案的横向CD放置情况。此类检视可包括以下的边缘位置:基底206、230;第一膜226、第二膜228;未拉伸的膜区域226a、226b、228a、228b;以及波纹区域;折叠的边缘;或加强层212、214、216。此类检视可包括检测膜中的翻转的或折叠的边缘。下游系统可检视是否发生了分层。下游系统可检测膜撕裂部和/或分区图案中的放大的粘结部位。可使用背光照明来突显超声粘结部位。视觉系统也可用来识别和剔除基底中的交接部。本文的设备也可包括操作性地连接到操作者显示器或品质监测系统的跟踪传感器和/或视觉系统,从而监测基底宽度,包括整个材料卷中膜基底的宽度,包括作为材料卷直径的函数的基底宽度、和介于辊之间的基底宽度,这包括从材料跟踪系统记录材料的批号,材料卷识别号、供应线、供应厂家和/或供应渠道。
在一些构型中,该超声系统的输出可用来识别不合格产品。此类输出可为传感器值、超声发生器中的计算值、或超声发生器中的故障信号。可监测超声频率、功率消耗、金属对金属收缩和/或压缩力。超声发生器可为商业单元,诸如带有Ultrabond数字发生器和微隙控制器的Herrmann Ultrasonic VE20 Micrond CSI。故障状态可在经由网络诸如CANbus或Ethernet/IP连接到超声商业部件的可编程逻辑控制器或计算机中进行计算。极值可基于超声控制器的相位置来调节。压缩力可随线速度、基底基重、基底宽度或基底类型被改变。可使用原始位置传感器来识别分区粘结图案的位置。
应当理解,本文的设备100的方面可用各种方式来配置,并且可用来从各种类型的材料和/或部件装配弹性层压体200、202。例如,应当理解,在一些构型中,弹性层压体装配操作可独立于最终装配过程进行,例如,脱机装配弹性层压体其中弹性层压体可被存储起来,直到需要用于生产。例如,弹性层压体装配操作可独立于转换加工生产线而在离散的装配生产线上完成,所述转换加工生产线可专用于制造一次性吸收制品。在所述离散的生产线上进行了装配之后,弹性层压体可被递送至吸收制品转换加工生产线,诸如以连续弹性层压体卷材的形式递送。应当理解,此类连续弹性层压体卷材可为行星式卷绕的或横贯地卷绕的。还应当理解,弹性层压体装配过程可在制品装配过程中联机进行。
如上所述,本公开的设备和方法可用来装配用于制造吸收制品的各种形式的弹性层压体。此类弹性层压体可用于例如以下吸收制品部件:底片、顶片、吸收芯、前耳片和/或后耳片、紧固件部件和各种类型的弹性纤维网和部件诸如腿弹性部件、阻隔腿箍弹性部件、和腰弹性部件。为了具体地说明,图13A和13B示出了呈尿布252形式的一次性吸收制品250的一个示例,该尿布可由在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法操纵的此类弹性层压体构成。具体地,图13A为呈胶粘尿布形式的吸收制品在部分切除之后的平面图,该胶粘尿布可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法装配的一个或多个弹性层压体,其中背向穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。图13B为图13A的吸收制品的平面图,该吸收制品可包括在制造期间根据本文所公开的设备和方法装配的一个或多个弹性层压体,其中面朝穿着者的尿布的部分朝观察者取向。
如图13A-13B所示,尿布252包括基础结构254,所述基础结构具有第一耳片256、第二耳片258、第三耳片260和第四耳片262。为了给本讨论提供参照系,将基础结构显示为具有纵向轴线264和横向轴线266。基础结构254被显示为具有第一腰区268、第二腰区270和设置在第一腰区与第二腰区中间的裆区272。尿布的周边由以下部分限定:一对纵向延伸的侧边274、276;与第一腰区268相邻的横向延伸的第一外边缘278;和与第二腰区270相邻的横向延伸的第二外边缘280限定。如图13A-13B所示,基础结构254包括内表面即面向身体的表面282和外表面即面向衣服的表面284。基础结构的一部分在图13A中被切除以更清楚地示出尿布的构造和尿布中可包括的各种特征结构。如图13A-13B所示,尿布252的基础结构254可包括限定内表面即面向身体的表面282的顶片288和限定外表面即面向衣服的表面284的底片290。吸收芯292可设置在顶片288的一部分和底片290之间。如下文更详细地讨论,所述区域中的任何一个或多个区域可为可拉伸的,并且可包括如本文所述的弹性体材料或层压体。因此,尿布252能够在穿用时适形于具体穿着者的身体结构,并且在穿着期间保持与穿着者身体结构的配合。
吸收制品250也可包括图13B所示的呈腰带形式的弹性腰部结构299,并且可提供改善的贴合性和对排泄物的约束性。弹性腰部结构299可被配置成弹性地伸展和收缩以动态地贴合穿着者的腰部。弹性腰部结构299可并入到尿布中并可至少从吸收芯292纵向向外延伸,并且一般形成尿布252的第一外边缘和/或第二外边缘278、280的至少一部分。此外,弹性腰部结构可侧向延伸以包括耳片。尽管弹性腰部结构299或其任何组分元件可包括附连到尿布的一个或多个独立元件,但弹性腰部结构可被构造为尿布的其它元件诸如底片290、顶片288、或底片和顶片两者的伸出部。此外,弹性腰部结构299还可设置在基础结构254的外表面即面向衣服的表面284上;内部的面向身体的表面282;或面向内的表面和面向外的表面之间。弹性腰部结构299可被构造成若干不同的构型,包括以下专利中所述的那些:美国专利公布2007/0142806A1;2007/0142798A1;和2007/0287983A1,这些专利均据此以引用方式并入本文。
如图13A-13B所示,尿布252可包括可改善对液体和其它身体流出物的约束性的腿箍296。具体地,弹性衬圈腿箍可提供围绕穿着者大腿的密封效果以防止渗漏。应当理解,当尿布被穿着时,腿箍可被放置成与穿着者的大腿接触,并且该接触的程度和接触压力可部分地由尿布在穿着者的身体上的取向来确定。腿箍296可用各种方式设置在尿布252上。
尿布252可以裤型尿布的形式提供,或作为另外一种选择可具有可重新闭合的扣紧系统,该系统可包括各种位置中的扣紧元件以帮助将尿布固定在穿着者身上的适当位置。例如,紧固件元件298可被定位在耳片上,并且可适于可释放地与位于第一腰区或第二腰区中的一个或多个对应的紧固元件连接。例如,如图13A所示,尿布252可包括第一腰区268中的连接区282,有时候称作着陆区。应当理解,各种类型的扣紧元件均可用于尿布。
测试方法
粘结尺度测试方法
“粘结尺度测试”用来测量各种粘结区域中的层压体的粘结密度。出于该方法的目的,粘结部为两个或更多个层的有意接合,并且该粘结部为在粘结过程中所导致的变形区域(例如,粘结部位处的减小的厚度)。应当认识到,在一些情况下,该变形区域可包括一个或多个孔。
样本收集
1.均匀图案区域:为了测量具有均匀图案的粘结区域的粘结密度,从层压体的图案化粘结区域切出1cm2面积的正方形样本。应当注意避免从相邻区域(如果其为不同的)收集样本。如果1cm2的正方形样本收集尺寸大于粘结区域,则以矩形形状收集样本,该矩形具有1cm2的面积:粘结区域的较短尺度形成矩形的一个侧边,并且另一个尺度被选择成使得矩形面积为1cm2
2.其它区域:为了测量无均匀图案的粘结区域的粘结密度,识别出感兴趣的所述多个粘结部并且轮廓化所得周边。通过沿周边进行切割来收集样本。
粘结频率:以粘结频率表示的粘结密度通过计数样本上的粘结部数目并将粘结部数目除以样本面积来计算。如果样本收集在样本区域内产生了局部粘结,则将该局部粘结计数为分数,该分数等于样本内所包括的粘结部的面积相对于完整粘结部(即,在切割样本之前的粘结部)面积的分数。使用显微镜和/或成像软件来测量粘结尺度,精确至0.01mm。根据数学面积公式,使用每个粘结部的尺度来计算所述形状的粘结部的粘结面积。使用总共五个样本,并且计算以粘结频率表示的平均粘结密度。
合计粘结覆盖率:通过累加样本中的每个粘结部的粘结面积并将所述粘结面积的总和除以样本面积来计算以合计粘结覆盖率表示的粘结密度。使用显微镜和/或成像软件来测量粘结尺度,精确至0.01mm。根据数学面积公式,使用每个粘结部的尺度来计算所述形状的粘结部的粘结面积。还测量样本内局部粘结部的面积。累加样本内的所有粘结面积以计算样本的合计粘结面积,并且将所述合计粘结面积除以样本面积以确定合计粘结覆盖率。使用总共五个样本,并且计算以合计粘结覆盖率表示的平均粘结密度。
本专利申请要求以下专利申请的权益:2016年8月12日提交的美国临时专利申请62/374,010;2016年10月10日提交的62/406,025;2016年11月9日提交的和62/419,515,这些专利申请均全文以引用方式并入本文。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值的功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制,本文中引用的每一篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利,均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。此外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多个其它变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于装配弹性层压体的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
提供第一基底和第二基底,所述第一基底和所述第二基底各自包括第一表面和相对的第二表面、第一纵向边缘和第二纵向边缘,所述第二纵向边缘与所述第一纵向边缘分开以限定沿横向的宽度;
提供包括拉伸的中心区域的弹性膜;
将所述拉伸的中心区域定位成与所述第一基底的所述第二表面接触;
通过沿纵向推进所述第二基底以将所述第二基底的所述第一表面定位成与所述拉伸的中心区域接触来形成弹性层压体,
其中所述弹性层压体包括第一粘结区域和第二粘结区域,其中所述第一粘结区域被限定在所述拉伸的中心区域直接与所述第一基底的所述第二表面和所述第二基底的所述第一表面接触之处,并且其中所述第二粘结区域被完全定位在所述第一粘结区域之外;
向所述弹性层压体施加第一多个超声粘结部以限定所述第一粘结区域中的第一粘结密度;
向所述弹性层压体施加第二多个超声粘结部以限定所述第二粘结区域中的第二粘结密度,其中所述第一粘结密度不等于所述第二粘结密度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一粘结密度小于所述第二粘结密度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:沿纵向切割弹性层压体以穿过所述第二粘结区域。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第二粘结区域至少部分地与所述弹性膜的未拉伸的边缘区域相重叠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中提供弹性膜的步骤还包括在横向上拉伸所述弹性膜的中心区域。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:沿纵向将所述弹性膜的拉伸的中心区域切割为第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,还包括以下步骤:沿纵向在第一弹性膜和第二弹性膜之间将所述弹性层压体切割成第一弹性层压体和第二弹性层压体。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述弹性膜包括开孔膜。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中第一粘结密度由第一粘结频率限定,并且第二粘结密度由第二粘结频率限定。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中第一粘结密度由第一合计粘结覆盖率限定,并且第二粘结密度由第二合计粘结覆盖率限定。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中形成弹性层压体的步骤进一步包括将所述第一基底定位成直接与所述第二基底接触,并且其中所述第二粘结区域被限定在所述第一基底直接与所述第二基底接触之处。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一粘结区域和所述第二粘结区域各自沿纵向延伸。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一粘结区域和所述第二粘结区域各自沿横向延伸。
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