CN105145035A - Propagation technique for American chrysanthemum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient cutting propagation method for an American ground-cover chrysanthemum excellent variety Chrysanthemum morifolium red sun. The method comprises: by taking a middle-upper part of an underyearling robust branch of Chrysanthemum morifolium red sun as a cutting slip, cutting the branch into cutting slips which are 6-10 cm long, wherein the bud number of each cutting slip is 5-7, and a cutting medium is composed of peat soil and perlite (at the volume ratio of 3:1); disinfecting the cutting slips and impregnating the cutting slips with clean water in advance; soaking the bottoms of the cutting slips in an NAA solution of 500ppm for 15-30 seconds; placing the cutting slips in soil at a depth of 1/3 the length of the cutting slips; thereafter, putting the cutting slips in a cool and ventilating place, and spraying water regularly to maintain the medium moist; and disinfecting the cutting slips regularly. According to the cutting method provided by the invention, chrysanthemum can be propagated for 3-4 times every year, so that the problem of quickly improving the propagation coefficient under the condition that the quantity of female parents is limited is solved; on the other hand, the propagation method reduces the damage of field cutting transplanting on the root system while improving the cutting survival rate.

Description

The propagation technique of a kind of U.S. chrysanthemum

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, with being specifically related to the introduction of a kind of U.S. by the cottage method of chrysanthemum new varieties ' red sun '.

Background technology

Ground is the new quality product population of a kind of ground cover plant by chrysanthemum, belongs to the novel chrysanthemum in the world.Ground, strong drought resistance cold-resistant by chrysanthemum, damage by disease and insect is little, and resistance to half shade, cultivation management relative poor, plant is tight, short, and flower clusters round, and can bloom half a year continuously, and applicable outdoor cropping.' red sun ' chrysanthemum is novelly by the one of chrysanthemum, and within 2008, China introduces this kind from the U.S., but domesticly so far breeds seldom.Because price is high, application cost is higher, and domestic breeding amount is very limited, fails extensively to utilize in gardens always.

U.S.'s Dendranthema morifolium Varieties ' red sun ' is composite family perennial herb, belong to by the new quality product kind of in chrysanthemum, light green, the single leaf alternate of leaf, oval is to Long Circle, and capitulum, top is raw or armpit raw, and the red flower of plant is intensive, and as the red sun, sight is high.Compared with other ground-cover chrysanthemum kinds, ' red sun ' chrysanthemum plant type is more compact, and internode is short, and plant is more plentiful.Not only pattern is gorgeous, and the florescence is long, and florescence from summer can open to autumn.Plant in flakes in gardens, flowering period is rather grand, potted plant view and admire and can be used as festival flowerbed flower.

Less to the research of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum at present, only in all a small amount of introduction cultivations of only a few ornamental plant research.Lack the cultivation of scale and breed, limiting the application of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum in gardens.

It is documented, the research of the mode of reproduction of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum is almost blank.Its reproduction speed of ' red sun ' propagation method that conventional method is carried out and survival rate all lower.Visible, adopt certain breeding and culturing technology improve the survival rate of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum and reproduction coefficient and then promote that the expansion of this kind is numerous, significant.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to the needs meeting the breeding of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum batch, the cuttage breeding method that a kind of survival rate is high, reproduction coefficient is higher is provided.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the raw then healthy and strong branch getting ' red sun ' chrysanthemum is cuttings, and be that 6-10cm is cut into several sections by branch by cutting length, the bud number in every section of cuttings is at 5-7.Cuttings with cutting with inserting, should be placed on frescade cuttage, preventing dehydration.Cutting medium is peat, perlite, and the two ratio (volume ratio) is 3: 1.Before cuttage, peat, pearlite interstitial substance are first soaked with clear water drenched, then matrix is loaded cave dish.Cutting medium is squirted with water again during cuttage.Cuttings is taken out need soak 15-30 second in NAA (methyl α-naphthyl acetate) 500ppm solution after and is inserted cave dish immediately, cuttage one strain in each cave.Cuttings embedded depth is probably 1/3rd of spike length, is no more than 1/2nd.

Dish selection standard flower seedling raising dish 32 hole, cuttage cave is coiled, every hole depth 5cm, every bore dia 5cm.Cutting time monthlyly to carry out in May-9, met during the florescence and branch end and axil petal need be cut off, and reduced nutrient consumption.Be placed on shady and cool ventilation.Carrying out disinfection with diluting tpn 500 times or carbendazim 800 times or thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid afterwards every 7-10 days, preventing and treating cuttings and going rotten.Especially at plum rain season, carbendazim is all applied after each rain or tpn solution carries out disinfection.Period attention of taking root keeps the moistening of matrix, waters, prevent matrix dehydration according to weather is irregular.Seedling grows until can transplant in respective miniature cavities, has saved a large amount of root hairs of seedling root from damage, has been very beneficial for the growth of root system.During transplanting, as long as pulled out from cavities by Plug seedling, just it can be transplanted to larger container or open country intactly.

After one month, ' red sun ' chrysanthemum cuttage rooting of cuttage is all right in the process of the present invention, and root growth reaches basin requirement completely, and survival rate is to more than 93%.

The advantage that the present invention has and good effect: adopt cottage method of the present invention, production cost is low, the less expensive of methyl α-naphthyl acetate, because in cave dish cuttage, perlite, peat soil expense are all fewer.And 1 year May-September between can carry out the effective cuttage of continuity of 3-4 time, greatly improve reproduction coefficient, so be simple, lower-cost, the practicable cottage method of a kind of technique.While reduction production cost and labour intensity, substantially increase maternal reproduction coefficient, even if few in maternal quantity, when the time is short, still can carry out continuity cuttage, obtain higher Propagated Plantlets.

Embodiment

The collection of cuttings: cuttings is captured in monthlyly to carry out May-9, when plant strain growth is to certain altitude, the middle and upper part choosing raw healthy and strong branch is then cuttings.This branch stored nutrient enriches, and twig is enriched, and is conducive to taking root.

Cuttings process: cut by the branch of the requirement of cuttings to collection before cuttage and cut, branch is cut into the cutting number section of length 6-10 centimetre, the bud number 5-7 in every section of cuttings.Aliging in cutting cuttage end group portion, is bundled into bundle with rubber band.

For improving rooting rate and cuttage survival rate, to process the cuttings of cuttage:

(1) branch is cut rear being first placed in clear water and is soaked 2-3 hour, makes it absorb moisture, supplements the moisture run off in cuttings.

(2) growth regulator process.In NAA500ppm solution, soak 15-30 second by shearing 5 cuttings for subsequent use, then take out and carry out cuttage.

(3) process of cutting medium.Matrix adopts peat soil and perlite, and the two ratio is 3: 1.First mixed cutting medium clear water is soaked before cuttage to soak and reinstall cave dish, then carry out disinfection with carbendazim or tpn solution dilution.Peat soil and perlite need to keep moistening before cuttage, in cuttage.After cuttage, according to circumstances determine that irrigation times is to keep matrix moisture state, during temperature height, every day sooner or later all will carry out spraying water to keep certain humidity, keeps soil humidity even with thin sprayer water spray, and the water content of matrix is reached capacity the 60%-80% of water content.

(4) carried out the sterilization of cuttage fringe and matrix after cuttage again with the carbendazim 800 times of liquid 500 times of liquid diluted or thiophanate methyl 1000 solution every 7 days, bactericide can be used alternatingly, to alleviate the possibility that cuttings is gone rotten.

(5) the cave dish that cuttage is good should be placed on shady and cool ventilation, has bud to grow, should remove bud timely and carry out pinching, promote branch during managing and protecting.

After (6) one months, U.S.'s chrysanthemum ' red sun ' cuttage rooting of cuttage is in the process of the present invention all right, and root growth meets upper basin requirement completely, and cuttage survival rate is up to more than 93%.

(7) transplant the Plug seedling of cuttage root-taking, through the growth of month, plant grew up, and root system is covered with whole cuttage cave, just can be transplanted to the large basin of diameter 15 centimeters or directly be transplanted to land for growing field crops.Can impose the cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed at growing period, carry out in conjunction with when watering, thin fertile duty is executed, and makes plant strain growth vigorous.

(8) table 1 ' red sun ' chrysanthemum cutting plantation statistics.

(9) as can be seen from Table 1, adopt the rooting rate of hormone-treated method ' red sun ' chrysanthemum to be much higher than control group, cuttage rooting number is far away higher than control group.The every strain of experimental group cuttage rooting number is many between 25-35, and the plant ratio of root system more than 25 is more than 75%.And control group plant takes root number mostly between 15-25, seldom there is the plant more than 25.Adopt the method cutting plantation of NAA process to reach 93.75%, average cuttage rooting number 33, plant root is sturdy, and long root system is many.The cutting plantation of clear water control group is 84.38%, and the quantity of average cuttage rooting only 17, significantly lower than experimental group, average root is long is 3.05cm.After the little transplantation of seedlings of experimental group being taken root, growth is neat, and root system enriches, survival rate 100%.

The method is simple to operate, save material, reproduction coefficient is large, production cost is low.Plant strain growth is fast, and take root fast, root is sturdy, and after the little transplantation of seedlings of taking root, plant strain growth is neat, and root system enriches, survival rate more than 93%.The most important thing is can breed 3-4 time in 1 year, substantially increase reproduction coefficient.

Claims (7)

1. U.S. ground is by a cottage method for chrysanthemum kind ' red sun ', and it is characterized in that the ripe stalwartness of clip, the blade current-year branch without damage by disease and insect, be cut into the cuttage branch that length is 6 ~ 10cm, the joint position of cuttings has 5 ~ 7.Cuttage branch bottom intercepts in the bottom near tubercle, cuts the blade of cuttage branch top and the bottom two joint.Cutting medium is peat soil and perlite, by water saturates when peat soil and perlite before cuttage, then cutting medium is loaded cave dish, and dish selection standard flower seedling raising dish 32 hole, cave dish, sterilizes to cutting medium with tpn 500 times of liquid.Soaked 15 ~ 30 seconds in NAA500ppm solution cuttings bottom, cuttings embedded depth is 1/3rd of spike length.Cutting time monthlyly to carry out 5 ~ 10, and after cuttage, perlite and peat soil must keep moistening, and water content reaches capacity 60% ~ 80% of water content.Again cuttings and cutting medium are carried out disinfection every 10 days carbendazim solutions with dilution 500 times after cuttage.

2. the cottage method of ' red sun ' chrysanthemum according to claim 1, is characterized in that can realizing a 3-4 cuttage in.

3. according to claim 1 and cottage method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that getting the cuttage of branch middle and upper part, if bud should be removed between bud stage, have bud to grow in period of taking root, bud should be removed, to reduce nutrient consumption.

4. cutting medium according to claim 1 is peat soil and perlite, and the two ratio (volume ratio) is 3: 1.

5., according to claim 1 and cottage method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that cuttage cave dish should be positioned over shady and cool ventilation management and maintenance, period of taking root is noted keeping humidity.Manage and protect impact and prevention that period should note weather as exceedingly odious in heavy rain, hail etc.Can gradually reduce irrigation amount managing and protecting the later stage, the later stage of especially taking root does not water and excessively causes cuttage survival rate low to reduce because humidity is excessive, the generation of the problem such as rotten.

6. according to claim 1 and cutting medium according to claim 4, peat soil and perlite should first with clear water soak completely drenched after just can load cave dish.

7. according to claim 4 and method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: sterilizing to cuttings and cutting medium is use bactericide week about to carry out disinfection, use tpn 500 times or carbendazim 800 times or thiophanate methyl 1000 times of liquid combinations to water to carry out, alternately use.