CN101015254A - Method for cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year - Google Patents
Method for cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year Download PDFInfo
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- CN101015254A CN101015254A CNA2007100640506A CN200710064050A CN101015254A CN 101015254 A CN101015254 A CN 101015254A CN A2007100640506 A CNA2007100640506 A CN A2007100640506A CN 200710064050 A CN200710064050 A CN 200710064050A CN 101015254 A CN101015254 A CN 101015254A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum, which enables two times flowering. It comprises following steps: cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum by way of cottage or sowing, spraying B9 of 2000ppm after separate cultivation, spraying again at 30th and 60th day, spraying nitrogen fertilizer of 200ppm every week, spraying KH2PO4 of 200ppm two months after separate cultivation. The method is characterized in that it can reduce culturing process for ground-cover chrysanthemum, and realizes two times breeding in one year; and it also enrich flower in summer. The method can be used for cultivation of ground-cover chrysanthemum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly specifically, to be related to a kind of method of cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year by the chrysanthemum breeding method.
Background technology
1962, professor Chen Junyu of Beijing Forestry University uses early chrysanthemum and several wild or semi-wild chrysanthemum-little red chrysanthemum (Dendranthema chanetii), mother chrysanthemum (D.indicum), sweet mother chrysanthemum D.lavandulifolium) artificial hybridization such as, seed selection a collection of strong stress resistance, anti-low level management, it is dense to bloom, the little chrysanthemum new varieties that are suitable for planting northernly, claim " rock chrysanthemum " (Chen Junyu, 1963,1989) the eighties, the Chen Junyu of Beijing Forestry University professor is with chrysanthemum kind morning (DendranthemaX morifoliumcV.) and strong wild species such as Mao Huaju (D.vestitum), little red chrysanthemum (D.chanetii), sweet mother chrysanthemum (D.lavendulifolium) etc. hybridizes, through selecting repeatedly for many years, obtained a chrysanthemum hybrid new product population-1987 year name into ground by chrysanthemum (Chen Jun pleased 1990) (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvel.Ground-cover ChrysanthemumGroup), ground is by chrysanthemum, be a kind of ground cover plant new product population, belong to the novel chrysanthemum in the world.Ground is cold-resistant by chrysanthemum, drought resisting, disease and insect resistance, antipollution, anti-half is shady, and anti-hemorrhoid are thin, anti-low level management, strong with weed competition power, plant is tight, short, tight bunch of flower group, can bloom half a year continuously, fit and do outdoor cropping, and the energy safe overwintering, be ideal green ground by ornamental flower, thereby be subjected to the great attention of urban afforestation and gardens department.
Summary of the invention
The new method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year.
In order to realize the object of the invention, the method for a kind of cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year of the present invention is adopted the mode of cuttage or sowing to cultivate by chrysanthemum on ground earlier, divides the B that sprays 2000ppm after planting
9Once, respectively sprayed once after 30 days and 60 days, the nitrogenous fertilizer that sprays 200ppm weekly once divides to plant to spray KH after two months weekly
2PO
4200ppm once.
Wherein, cultivation temperature is 12～15 ℃ of temperature at night, 23～25 ℃ of day temperature, relative moisture 80～85%.
In the cuttage incubation of the present invention, select annual late October (ground-cover chrysanthemum after date), get do not bloom branch or angle bud cuttage, cutting medium is the peat of vermiculite, the vermiculite that mixes at 1: 1 and perlite, the peat that mixes at 1: 1 and perlite, the peat that mixes at 2: 1 and perlite or mixing in 2: 1: sand was mixed into good to select vermiculite or peat and sand for use with 2: 1.
Sowing at the beginning of described sowing is cultivated and is chosen in annual 12 months, be seeded in peat and husky with mix at 2: 1 matrix in, begin after ten days to sprout.
Be planted in the mid-February in 1 year to the present invention by the branch of chrysanthemum.After entering April, ground can be transplanted by the chrysanthemum seedling and be entered the land cultivation.
Cuttage seeding of the present invention was buddingged in mid-April, bloomed in 5～June, and tree seedling was buddingged in mid-May, bloomed during summer high temperature in 6～July.
Of the present inventionly by the cultivation method of chrysanthemum, can shorten the breeding process of chrysanthemum on the one hand, the ground that makes short-day can be bred twice by chrysanthemum in 1 year, has enriched the flowers in summer on the other hand.The present invention can be applied to by the cultivation of each different cultivars of chrysanthemum.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Adopt seeding method carry out by the cultivation of chrysanthemum
1. sowing
On December 9th, 2004, (daytime, mean temperature was 22.2 ℃ in low temperature greenhouse, Beijing Forestry University nursery, night, mean temperature was 8.1 ℃, average relative humidity 36.2%) and (daytime, mean temperature was 26.8 ℃ in the high temperature greenhouse, night, mean temperature was 12.4 ℃, average relative humidity 57.3%) sowed ' eastern woods timely snow ', ' U.S. short Huang ', ' medicine is red ', ' Korea's powder ' respectively and ' ground of jade worker's face ' five kind is by the chrysanthemum seed.Seed is available from the big forestry science and technology of Beijing woods limited company.
The sowing container is selected the earthen basin of 6 cun of diameters for use, in contain peat: sand: fertile=2: 2: 1 mixed-matrix, after fully drenching, seed is evenly mixed with a small amount of fine sand and uniform broadcasting (100 of every basin sowings) on matrix, on basin, put plastic sack and get final product to keep certain humidity.Germination rate sees Table 1.
Table 1
| The kind numbering | Germination rate (%) | Per day germination rate (%) | Peak value (%) |
| The U.S. short Huang of Korea powder medicine carbuncle people face | 90.0 95.2 90.7 92.4 | 10.0 10.57 10.07 10.26 | 21 29.67 23.67 24 |
| East woods timely snow | 95.0 | 10.56 | 21.67 |
The ground of cultivating under the hot conditions was sprouted since second day mostly by the chrysanthemum seed, and the sprouting quantity newly-increased since the 6th day every day reduced gradually, until tending towards stability in order to sprout the peak period in the 3rd day to the 5th day; The ground that cryogenic conditions is cultivated was down sprouted since the 3rd day mostly by the chrysanthemum seed, and the sprouting quantity newly-increased since the 7th day every day reduced gradually, until tending towards stability in order to sprout the peak period in the 4th day to the 6th day.Very fast under the hot conditions by chrysanthemum seed germination speed.
In addition, find in the test that each is organized seed and generally also exists a little sprouting peak period in the sprouting later stage, this period, about the 9th day to the tenth day, in these two days, seed germination quantity also can slightly increase greatly.This shows that ground is longer by the chrysanthemum seed germination time, it is not very neat sprouting.
2. branch seedling
Behind the seed sprouting, treating that seedling is long carries out the branch seedling when having 3～4 true leaves, selects the little plastic basin of black for use, every basin one strain.Irrigate water immediately twice after dividing seedling, and seedling is placed the shelter from the sun, prevent to wilt.
3. transplant
Divide seedling behind the seedling through about two months growth, plant is bigger, and need be transplanted in the big basin this moment.Select the earthen basin of 6 cun of diameters for use, be with Tu Tuo to take out from little basin plant, direct transplanting is banketed and compacting in big basin, divides and plants the B that the back sprays 2000ppm at once
9Once, after 30 days and 60 days, respectively spray once.The nitrogenous fertilizer that sprays 200ppm weekly once sprays KH weekly after April
2PO
4200ppm once.
4. vine growth and development rhythm and pace of moving things observation
From sowing, primary part observation seed germination phase, unearthed phase of cotyledon, true leaf launch indexs such as phase, true leaf puberty, squaring period, florescence.Simultaneously, per two weeks of transplanting back are measured the indexs such as plant height, the hat width of cloth, the number of blade, leaf length, branch amount and pin bud number of each kind.Specifically see Table 2～5.
The sowing on December 9th, 2004 of low temperature greenhouse, December 17, beginning was sprouted successively, and December 20, cotyledon was unearthed, and this moment, the growth of seedling after being unearthed was very slow because temperature is low.December 30 began to occur two slight true leaves, on January 12nd, 2005, two true leaves launched but also less, and January 21, two true leaves were bigger and begin to grow the 3rd true leaf, January 28 occurred the 4th true leaf on, after this true leaf quantity increases gradually, and growth of seedling speed is also accelerated gradually.Late May to early June is squaring period, and June, early and middle ten days was the early flowering season.
The sowing on December 9th, 2004 of high temperature greenhouse, December 14, beginning was sprouted successively, and December 16, cotyledon was unearthed, and the back growth rate that comes up is very fast, but excessive growth is arranged slightly.Two slight true leaves appearred December 24, on January 2nd, 2,005 two true leaves grow up gradually, begin to grow the 3rd true leaf simultaneously, January 8 began to occur the 4th true leaf, after this true leaf quantity increases gradually, and the excessive growth situation also takes a turn for the better to some extent, the plant strain growth stalwartness.Mid or late May is squaring period, and early June is the early flowering season, and wherein a strain was the earliest buddingged in late April, and the florescence is in the first tenday period of a month in May.
Table 2
| Time | Kind | Plant height (cm) | The hat width of cloth (cm) | The number of blade | Leaf long (cm) | Branch amount | Pin bud number |
| April 12 | The eastern woods timely snow of the eastern woods timely snow of the U.S. short Huang of Korea's powder (low temperature) Korea's powder (high temperature) medicine red (low temperature) medicine red (high temperature) U.S. short Huang (low temperature) (high temperature) (low temperature) (high temperature) | 4.2 6.3 6.1 9.2 5.2 6 7.1 8.5 | 6.5 8.2 8.8 9.8 7.1 7.8 8.8 9.9 | 8 10 9 15 7 10 11 18 | 2.1 2.7 2.7 3.3 2.2 2.5 2.7 3.3 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 |
Table 3
| Time | Kind | Plant height (cm) | The hat width of cloth (cm) | The number of blade | Leaf long (cm) | Branch amount | Pin bud number |
| April 26 | The eastern woods timely snow of the eastern woods timely snow of the U.S. short Huang of Korea's powder (low temperature) Korea's powder (high temperature) medicine red (low temperature) medicine red (high temperature) U.S. short Huang (low temperature) (high temperature) (low temperature) (high temperature) | 8.1 9.2 11.2 13.3 9.6 10.5 10.5 12.7 | 9.1 10.7 11.4 13.1 9.5 11 12.7 13.5 | 14 17 15 21 12 17 19 27 | 3 3.2 3.4 3.8 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.2 | 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 | 0 1 2 4 0 1 1 4 |
Table 4
| Time | Kind | Plant height (cm) | The hat width of cloth (cm) | The number of blade | Leaf long (cm) | Branch amount | Pin bud number |
| May 10 | The eastern woods timely snow of the eastern woods timely snow of the U.S. short Huang of Korea's powder (low temperature) Korea's powder (high temperature) medicine red (low temperature) medicine red (high temperature) U.S. short Huang (low temperature) (high temperature) (low temperature) (high temperature) | 12.9 13.4 16.5 16.8 14.7 15.3 15.1 14.9 | 13.2 13.9 14.2 15.7 13.1 14.4 16.5 17.1 | 19 26 20 29 18 25 27 38 | 3.6 3.9 4 4.3 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.7 | 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 4 | 1 3 2 5 1 3 3 6 |
Table 5
| Time | Kind | Plant height (cm) | The hat width of cloth (cm) | The number of blade | Leaf long (cm) | Branch amount | Pin bud number |
| May 24 | The eastern woods timely snow of the eastern woods timely snow of the U.S. short Huang of Korea's powder (low temperature) Korea's powder (high temperature) medicine red (low temperature) medicine red (high temperature) U.S. short Huang (low temperature) (high temperature) (low temperature) (high temperature) | 18.4 17.1 23.1 20.2 19.5 18.6 22 18.6 | 17.4 17.6 18.1 18.9 17.2 17.5 20.4 21.3 | 25 34 26 37 24 33 32 49 | 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.2 4.6 5 5.3 | 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 4 | 3 5 3 6 2 4 4 7 |
Embodiment 2
Adopt the cuttage mode carry out by the cultivation of chrysanthemum
Cottage propagation is a kind of propagation method commonly used, advantage such as that this method has is simple to operate, economical with materials, reproduction coefficient are big, economical and practical.In order to promote ground better by the chrysanthemum propagation technique, this research has been carried out ground and has been tested by the chrysanthemum cuttage.
The factor that influences the cuttage effect is a lot, but depends primarily on draw materials position and cutting medium.This two aspects factor is based in this test, the ground of, Korea powder red from eastern woods timely snow, U.S. short Huang, medicine and five kinds of jade worker's face is taken off stem apex separately on the chrysanthemum maternal plant and the stem section (is about 5cm as plugged ear, be with 2-3 piece of blade), respectively cuttage is in 5 kinds of matrix: 1. 2. vermiculite of vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 is peat 3.: perlite=1: 1 is peat 4.: perlite=2: 1 is peat 5.: husky=2: 1, and 5 of each cuttages of position of drawing materials of every kind of matrix difference.Avoid Exposure to Sunlight after the cuttage, keep matrix moistening.Observe the thickness degree of rootage duration, the position of taking root, the color of root, the quantity of taking root, average root length and root.Test by this and to contrast different cutting mediums and different plugged ears position over the ground by the influence of chrysanthemum cuttage rooting.Concrete test result sees Table 6.
Table 6
| Kind | Matrix | Stem apex | The stem section | ||||
| The number of on average taking root | The long mm of average root | The thickness degree of root | The number of on average taking root | The long mm of average root | The thickness degree of root | ||
| East woods timely snow | Vermiculite | 19 | 13.7 | Slightly | 7 | 15.4 | Slightly |
| Vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 | 20 | 11.2 | Carefully | 11 | 14.7 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=1: 1 | 17 | 9.8 | Slightly | 5 | 8.5 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=2: 1 | 10 | 7.6 | Slightly | 6 | 10.4 | Slightly | |
| Peat: husky=2: 1 | 15 | 11.4 | Slightly | 5 | 17.9 | Slightly | |
| U.S. short Huang | Vermiculite | 24 | 12.4 | Slightly | 8 | 17.6 | Slightly |
| Vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 | 30 | 10.2 | Carefully | 11 | 16 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=1: 1 | 22 | 8.6 | Slightly | 3 | 10.7 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=2: 1 | 9 | 7.7 | Slightly | 6 | 15.1 | Phase | |
| Peat: husky=2: 1 | 19 | 9.7 | Slightly | 8 | 9.5 | Slightly | |
| Medicine is red | Vermiculite | 17 | 11.5 | Slightly | 6 | 15.2 | Slightly |
| Vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 | 15 | 10.3 | Carefully | 9 | 13.4 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=1: 1 | 12 | 8.5 | Slightly | 5 | 9.1 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=2: 1 | 8 | 7.2 | Slightly | 7 | 12.8 | Slightly | |
| Peat: husky=2: 1 | 13 | 9.6 | Slightly | 8 | 10.6 | Slightly | |
| Korea's powder | Vermiculite | 16 | 14.5 | Slightly | 7 | 16.8 | Slightly |
| Vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 | 15 | 11.4 | Carefully | 8 | 12.6 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=1: 1 | 15 | 10 | Slightly | 6 | 7.5 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=2: 1 | 12 | 8.2 | Slightly | 8 | 14.2 | Slightly | |
| Peat: husky=2: 1 | 12 | 12.7 | Slightly | 9 | 11.3 | Slightly | |
| Jade worker's face | Vermiculite | 15 | 14 | Slightly | 5 | 14.7 | Slightly |
| Vermiculite: perlite=1: 1 | 18 | 12.9 | Carefully | 12 | 16.1 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=1: 1 | 18 | 10.8 | Slightly | 7 | 9.8 | Slightly | |
| Peat: perlite=2: 1 | 14 | 9.2 | Slightly | 8 | 14.3 | Slightly | |
| Peat: husky=2: 1 | 24 | 13.4 | Slightly | 10 | 11.8 | Slightly | |
By the comprehensive comparison to every index, cutting medium is to select for use the vermiculite effect best, and peat takes second place with 2: 1 mixed effects with husky.
Cuttage seeding is divided in mid-February and is planted, and divides and plants the B that the back sprays 2000ppm at once
9Once, after 30 days and 60 days, respectively spray once.The nitrogenous fertilizer that sprays 200ppm weekly once sprays KH weekly after April
2PO
4200ppm once.Cultivation temperature is 12～25 ℃ of (day temperature is at 25 ℃, and night, temperature was 13 ± 1 ℃) relative moisture 80～85%.After entering April, transplantation of seedlings is entered the land cultivation.
Embodiment 3
Cuttage seeding was buddingged in mid-April, and tree seedling was buddingged in mid-May, bloomed during summer high temperature in 5～June.The results are shown in Table 7.
The situation of being bloomed by chrysanthemum in table 7 ground
| Numbering | Strain (cm) | The hat width of cloth (cm) | Pattern | Hua Jing (cm) | Florescence |
| The red Korea of jade worker's face medicine powder | 46 30 29 | 40×44 27×29 25×22 | The red light powder of white | 2.5～3.0 5.0～5.5 2.5 | May; 10 below the moon 5 below the moon-10 month on 6 months; The middle of the month |
| U.S. short Huang | 36 | 20×30 | Yellow | 5.1 | At the beginning of 6 months; At the beginning of 10 months |
Conclusion: same kind summer compares with fall flowering, and the ground of forcing culture in summer is by the length of chrysanthemum internode than fall flowering, and the aspect ratio of blade is less than autumn, and blade is obviously thin, and degree of lignification is low, and the bottom fallen leaves obviously are less than autumn.There is not leaflet in the bud bottom, and there is the leaflet that does not almost have division in the ground-cover chrysanthemum flower bud bottom of fall flowering.
If do not spray B
9, then spring, plant highly was higher than 20～30cm in autumn when blooming.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a cultivating ground-cover chrysanthemum blossoming twice in one year is characterized in that, is adopted the mode of cuttage or sowing to cultivate by chrysanthemum on ground earlier, divides the B that sprays 2000ppm after planting
9Once, after 30 days and 60 days, respectively spray once more then; The nitrogenous fertilizer that sprays 200ppm weekly once divides to plant to spray KH after two months weekly
2PO
4200ppm once.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that cultivation temperature is 12～15 ℃ of temperature at night, 23～25 ℃ of day temperature, relative moisture 80～85%.
3. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, in the described cuttage incubation, select annual late October, get do not bloom branch or angle bud cuttage, cutting medium is the peat of vermiculite, the vermiculite that mixes at 1: 1 and perlite, the peat that mixes at 1: 1 and perlite, the peat that mixes at 2: 1 and perlite or mixing in 2: 1: sand.
4. cultivation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described cutting medium is vermiculite matrix or peat and husky matrix to mix at 2: 1.
5. cultivation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described sowing media is peat and husky matrix with mixing in 2: 1.
6. according to any described cultivation method of claim 1～5, it is characterized in that, be planted in the mid-February in 1 year describedly by the branch of chrysanthemum.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103404359A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation method for northern early blooming-seasoned ground-over chrysanthemums for drinking |
| CN103733867A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemums by applying B9 |
| CN104304023A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-28 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Special culture medium for ground-cover chrysanthemum |
| CN104304021A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-28 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Special culture medium for ise-chrysanthemum |
| CN105145035A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-12-16 | 南京大学 | Propagation technique for American chrysanthemum |
| CN110521412A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-03 | 新疆生产建设兵团第四师农业科学研究所 | A kind ofly by chrysanthemum shoot cutting mating system |
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2007
- 2007-02-16 CN CNB2007100640506A patent/CN100521913C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103404359A (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2013-11-27 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | Cultivation method for northern early blooming-seasoned ground-over chrysanthemums for drinking |
| CN103404359B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-08-12 | 北京林大林业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of north jasmine tea land used morning is by the breeding method of chrysanthemum |
| CN103733867A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemums by applying B9 |
| CN104304023A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-28 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Special culture medium for ground-cover chrysanthemum |
| CN104304021A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-28 | 柳州市天姿园艺有限公司 | Special culture medium for ise-chrysanthemum |
| CN105145035A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-12-16 | 南京大学 | Propagation technique for American chrysanthemum |
| CN110521412A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-03 | 新疆生产建设兵团第四师农业科学研究所 | A kind ofly by chrysanthemum shoot cutting mating system |
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| CN100521913C (en) | 2009-08-05 |
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