CN104521484B - A kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521484B CN104521484B CN201410745392.4A CN201410745392A CN104521484B CN 104521484 B CN104521484 B CN 104521484B CN 201410745392 A CN201410745392 A CN 201410745392A CN 104521484 B CN104521484 B CN 104521484B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm, by innovating double concave type cultivation ridge, Tomato in Greenhouse special type cropping pattern is set, it is achieved biology is walked quickly and kept away, biology lures collection and Biofumigation three organically combines, reaches to control the purpose of root-knot nematode harm。The present invention does not use chemical pesticide completely, it is possible to effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematode, is substantially reduced the root knot index of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, improves the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, consumes energy low, meet low-carbon (LC) theory。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm, belong to growing vegetables technical field。
Background technology
Root-knot nematode harm is one of main harm in Fructus Lycopersici esculenti crop production process, can cause the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti underproduction more than 30%, even have no harvest。In recent years, the cultivated area of the vegetable at protected field such as China's heliogreenhouse constantly expands, and heliogreenhouse is warm and humid suitable, adds long-term continuous cropping, causes root-knot nematode to increase the weight of year by year。And conventional prevention and controls is substantially using of chemical pesticide, for instance: chloroform, dichlorvos, avilamycin etc., due to problems such as cost accounting are high, seriously polluted, the demand of modern agricultural development can not be met。The theories such as environmental protection, energy-conservation, low-carbon (LC) deepen continuously the popular feeling big situation under, biology is walked quickly and kept away, biology lures collection and the Biological control means such as Biofumigation are increasingly subject to people in recent years and pay attention to, after being limited the use of particularly in multiple chemical pesticide or disable。
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for problem above, a kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm is provided, the method is by rationally arranging cropping pattern, realize biology walk quickly and keep away, biology lure collection and Biofumigation three organically combine, do not use chemical pesticide completely, can effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematode, consume energy low, meet low-carbon (LC) theory。
For solving above technical problem, the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, wide 120cm, middle protrusion bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 15cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；
By arranging double concave type cultivation ridge, create the main good environment planting crop Fructus Lycopersici esculenti and lure collection root-knot nematode plant or Biofumigation plant to do symbiosis mutually, while can obtaining enough Biofumigation materials, do not affect Fructus Lycopersici esculenti normal growth and grow, the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti will not be reduced。
2) field planting stubble in early spring Fructus Lycopersici esculenti: Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is the double; two strain field planting in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenti spacing 5-8cm with cave, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；
Owing to adopting double concave type cultivation ridge plantation Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, virtually increase the line-spacing of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, in order to not reduce the field planting strain number of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, innovate with cave 2 strain V-type symmetry training pattern, increase planting density, and mutually will not shelter from heat or light because density increases between branch and leaf, between plant, ventilation and penetrating light is good, and effective photosynthetic area is big, and accumulation of photosynthate is many, plant strain growth is healthy and strong, thus increasing tomato yield。
3) plant is walked quickly and kept away in sowing: while Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting, on middle protrusion band, around tomatidine plant hole, sows 4 strains from this planting pit 2-4cm place and walks quickly and keeps away plant, and 4 strains are walked quickly and kept away plant and are symmetric。
4) sowing lures and collects root-knot nematode plant: on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, drilling lures collection root-knot nematode plant, and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, collection root-knot nematode plant will be lured to extract with root, remove root, and root is concentrated destruction, and overground part dries。
5) sowing Biofumigation plant: after luring collection root-knot nematode plant to pull out, drilling Biofumigation plant on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge。
6) after 6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, by Biofumigation plant, walk quickly and keep away plant together with step 3) in lure collection root-knot nematode aboveground vegetation part to be crushed to 10-20mm and spread fertilizer over the fields ground, plough deeply with rotary cultivator and mix to 30-40cm plough horizon, water saturates arable layer is watered after leveling, covering with plastic film afterwards, take off film, plowed soils dry in the sun 2-3 days after airtight 20-30 days, after adding microbial-bacterial fertilizer in soil, lower stubble can be arranged to plant。
A kind of prioritization scheme, described in walk quickly and keep away Plant choosing Herba Allii Schoenoprasi。Herba Allii Schoenoprasi (Alliumascalonicum) is Liliaceae, allium, and bulb contains the volatile matter such as crotonic aldehyde and multiple sulfide, and root-knot nematode is had avoidance effect, walks quickly and keeps away root-knot nematode away from Tomato Root System。
Another kind of prioritization scheme, described in lure collection root-knot nematode Plant choosing Herba Spinaciae (SpinaciaoleraceaL.)。Herba Spinaciae easy infection root-knot nematode, and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti closely catch cropping, lure line concentration worm, after root forms a large amount of root knot, pull out Herba Spinaciae, as far as possible root is all extracted, destroy root, reduce insect density。
Another prioritization scheme, described Biofumigation Plant choosing leafy mustard (Brassicajuncea (Linnaeus) Czernajewvar.foliosaL.H.Bailey)。Leafy mustard is Cruciferae brassica plant, containing substantial amounts of sulfur glycosides (thioglycoside) class material in its tissue, the myrosin that can be produced by self plant tissue in putrefaction process is hydrolyzed and forms the isothiocyanic acid lipid material that volatility is very strong with killing livestock property。The action principle of isothiocyanic acid lipid material is mainly destruction cell membrane and genome, it is suppressed that breathe, thus suppressing or killing biology, root-knot nematode has good preventive effect。
Another prioritization scheme, described cultivation ridge hollow zone arranges drip irrigation zone and waters for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti。Watered by hollow zone, compared with the mode of watering of traditional broad irrigation, the root-knot nematode locally occurred can be controlled within the specific limits, it is prevented that spread in greenhouse。
Adopt above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the advantage that
(1) method of the present invention is by innovating cultivation ridge, ridge shape and intercropping pattern, with natural plants for raw material, walks quickly and keeps away with biology, biology lures collection and Biofumigation to combine, and does not use chemical pesticide completely, consumes energy low, meets low-carbon (LC) theory。
(2) present invention not only this batch of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is not endangered by root-knot nematode, and later continuous many batches of Fructus Lycopersici esculenties are not also endangered by root-knot nematode when general planting。
(3) suitable application region of the present invention is wide, and simple to operate, use cost is low, and comprehensive benefit is notable, can not only effectively prevent and treat root-knot nematode, it is also possible to increase soil fertility, and improves Soil structure, improves the yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, has bigger economy, society and ecological benefits。
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described。
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to protection scope of the present invention。
Embodiment
In a certain heliogreenhouse in Shouguang City, the plantable area of this heliogreenhouse is 2.4 mu, is divided into six parts, 0.4 mu every part, and is denoted as experimental plot 1, experimental plot 2, experimental plot 3, experimental plot 4, experimental plot 5 and experimental plot 6 successively, continuously plantation 3 batches。Field planting on January 5 in 2013 first batch, carries out stubble production in early spring。Wherein,
Experimental plot 1 is cultivated by the method processing 1；
Experimental plot 2 is cultivated by the method processing 2；
Experimental plot 3 is cultivated by the method processing 3；
Experimental plot 4 is cultivated by the method processing 4；
Experimental plot 5 is cultivated by the method processing 5；
Experimental plot 6 is cultivated by the method processing 6。
Field planting on October 1 in 2013 second batch, carries out a batch tomato production of surviving the winter。Wherein,
Experimental plot 1 is cultivated by the method processing 7；
Experimental plot 2 is cultivated by the method processing 8；
Experimental plot 3 is cultivated by the method processing 9；
Experimental plot 4 is cultivated by the method processing 10；
Experimental plot 5 is cultivated by the method processing 11；
Experimental plot 6 is cultivated by the method processing 12。
Field planting on May 5 in 2014 the 3rd batch, carries out more summer stubble tomato production。Wherein,
Experimental plot 1 is cultivated by the method processing 13；
Experimental plot 2 is cultivated by the method processing 14；
Experimental plot 3 is cultivated by the method processing 15；
Experimental plot 4 is cultivated by the method processing 16；
Experimental plot 5 is cultivated by the method processing 17；
Experimental plot 6 is cultivated by the method processing 18。
One, first batch: tomato variety is Beethovan, for sense root-knot nematode type kind。
Process 1: by the inventive method cultivated tomato。
Cultivation ridge is set before field planting, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, cultivate row spacing 120cm, wherein, middle 1 protrudes bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, and 3 protrude band height and are 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, article 2, hollow zone is 15cm deeply, arranges 1 drip irrigation zone and water for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in every hollow zone；Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；The double; two strain field planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；While Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting, on middle protrusion band, sowing 4 strains from tomatidine plant hole 2-4cm place around this planting pit and walk quickly and keep away plant Herba Allii Schoenoprasi, 4 strain Herba Allii Schoenoprasis are symmetric；After Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting 1-2 days, on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, drilling lures collection root-knot nematode plant Herba Spinaciae, spacing 8-10cm final singling is pressed during Herba Spinaciae rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, Herba Spinaciae is extracted with root, old complaint is all dug out, remove root, old complaint is concentrated and destroys, Herba Spinaciae overground part is dried simultaneously；Herba Spinaciae is pulled out latter 1-2 days, drilling Biofumigation plant leafy mustard again on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, presses spacing 5-8cm final singling during leafy mustard rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart；After 6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, leafy mustard, Herba Allii Schoenoprasi together with the aerial parts that Herba Spinaciae is dried, are crushed to 10-20mm and spread fertilizer over the fields ground, plough deeply with rotary cultivator and mix to 30-40cm plough horizon, water saturates arable layer is watered after leveling, covering with plastic film afterwards, by mulch film periphery compacting, takes off film after airtight 20-30 days, plowed soils dry in the sun 2-3 days, adds microbial-bacterial fertilizer in soil。
Process 2: do not plant and walk quickly and keep away root-knot nematode plant, the same present invention of other measures
Cultivation ridge is set before field planting, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, cultivate row spacing 120cm, wherein, middle 1 protrudes bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, and 3 protrude band height and are 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, article 2, hollow zone is 15cm deeply, arranges 1 drip irrigation zone and water for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in every hollow zone；Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；The double; two strain field planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；After Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting 1-2 days, on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, drilling lures collection root-knot nematode plant Herba Spinaciae, spacing 8-10cm final singling is pressed during Herba Spinaciae rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, Herba Spinaciae is extracted with root, old complaint is all dug out, remove root, old complaint is concentrated and destroys, Herba Spinaciae overground part is dried simultaneously；Herba Spinaciae is pulled out latter 1-2 days, drilling Biofumigation plant leafy mustard again on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, presses spacing 5-8cm final singling during leafy mustard rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart；After 6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, leafy mustard is crushed to 10-20mm together with the aerial parts that Herba Spinaciae is dried and spreads fertilizer over the fields ground, plough deeply with rotary cultivator and mix to 30-40cm plough horizon, water saturates arable layer is watered after leveling, covering with plastic film afterwards, by mulch film periphery compacting, takes off film after airtight 20-30 days, plowed soils dry in the sun 2-3 days, adds microbial-bacterial fertilizer in soil。
Process 3: do not plant and lure collection root-knot nematode plant, the same present invention of other measures
Cultivation ridge is set before field planting, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, cultivate row spacing 120cm, wherein, middle 1 protrudes bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, and 3 protrude band height and are 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, article 2, hollow zone is 15cm deeply, arranges 1 drip irrigation zone and water for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in every hollow zone；Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；The double; two strain field planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；While Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting, on middle protrusion band, sowing 4 strains from tomatidine plant hole 2-4cm place around this planting pit and walk quickly and keep away plant Herba Allii Schoenoprasi, 4 strain Herba Allii Schoenoprasis are symmetric；Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, drilling Biofumigation plant leafy mustard on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, presses spacing 5-8cm final singling during leafy mustard rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart；After 6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, leafy mustard, Herba Allii Schoenoprasi are crushed to 10-20mm and spread fertilizer over the fields ground, plough deeply with rotary cultivator and mix to 30-40cm plough horizon, water saturates arable layer is watered after leveling, covering with plastic film afterwards, by mulch film periphery compacting, takes off film after airtight 20-30 days, plowed soils dry in the sun 2-3 days, adds microbial-bacterial fertilizer in soil。
Process 4: not planting Biofumigation plant, not fumigating soil, other measure is identical with the present invention。
Cultivation ridge is set before field planting, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, cultivate row spacing 120cm, wherein, middle 1 protrudes bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, and 3 protrude band height and are 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, article 2, hollow zone is 15cm deeply, arranges 1 drip irrigation zone and water for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in every hollow zone；Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；The double; two strain field planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；While Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting, on middle protrusion band, sowing 4 strains from tomatidine plant hole 2-4cm place around this planting pit and walk quickly and keep away plant Herba Allii Schoenoprasi, 4 strain Herba Allii Schoenoprasis are symmetric；After Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting 1-2 days, on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, drilling lured collection root-knot nematode plant Herba Spinaciae, presses spacing 8-10cm final singling during Herba Spinaciae rice shoot 3 leaf 1 heart, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, is extracted with root by Herba Spinaciae, old complaint is all dug out, remove root, old complaint is concentrated and destroys；6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti ploughs deeply mixing to 30-40cm plough horizon with rotary cultivator after gathering in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, and adds microbial-bacterial fertilizer in soil。
Processing 5: arrange double concave type cultivation ridge, neither plantation lures collection root-knot nematode plant, does not also plant Biofumigation plant and walks quickly and keeps away root-knot nematode plant, and not fumigating soil, other method is identical with the present invention。
Cultivation ridge is set before field planting, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, cultivate row spacing 120cm, wherein, middle 1 protrudes bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, and 3 protrude band height and are 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, article 2, hollow zone is 15cm deeply, arranges 1 drip irrigation zone and water for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in every hollow zone；Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；The double; two strain field planting Fructus Lycopersici esculenti in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, cave is from 30cm, go alone training, fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge, and the axis on cultivation ridge is vertical with the plane at the fruitful branch place of the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in same cave；After 6-9 month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, plough deeply mixing to 30-40cm plough horizon with rotary cultivator, in soil, add microbial-bacterial fertilizer。
Process 6: general planting method (comparison)
By local vegetable grower's habituation implantation methods plantation。
Test method and data:
Before uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, each process takes 20 strain plant at random and grubs out out, and the root knot of root carries out after cleaning with clear water classification respectively, calculates root knot index。
Result: process 1, process 2, process 3, process 4, process 5 and process 6 root knot indexes respectively 5.42,16.13,15.91,56.45,69.57 and 81.29。Analysis of variance, significant difference between process 1 and process 2, process 3, process difference between 1 and process 4, process 5, process 6 and extremely significantly, process significant difference between 5 and process 6。
Additionally, after Fructus Lycopersici esculenti results, calculate the yield in each experimental plot, process 1, process 2, process 3, process 4, process 5 and process 6 tomato yield respectively 9805.5kg/ mu, 8823.8kg/ mu, 8917.3kg/ mu, 8379.9kg/ mu, 8219.1kg/ mu and 8117.6kg/ mu, process and 1 relatively process 2, process 3, process 4, process 5, process 6 and be respectively increased 11.1%, 10.0%, 17.0%, 19.3% and 20.8%。
Two, second batch: tomato variety is Beethovan, for sense root-knot nematode type kind。
Process 7: on the experimental plot 1 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 8: on the experimental plot 2 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 9: on the experimental plot 3 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 10: on the experimental plot 4 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 11: on the plot, experimental plot 5 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 12: on the experimental plot 6 after gathering in the crops at first batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Test method and data:
Before uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, each process takes 20 strain plant at random and grubs out out, and the root knot of root carries out after cleaning with clear water classification respectively, calculates root knot index。
Result: process 7, process 8, process 9, process 10, process 11 and process 12 root knot indexes respectively 0,3.35,2.97,71.23,75.81 and 84.75。Variance analysis, significant difference between process 7 and process 8, process 9, process difference between 1 and process 9, process 10, process 11 and extremely significantly, process difference between 11 and process 12 not notable。
After Fructus Lycopersici esculenti results, calculate the yield in each experimental plot, process 7, process 8, process 9, process 10, process 11 and process 12 tomato yields respectively 12105.5kg/ mu, 11572.9kg/ mu, 11813.7kg/ mu, 8635.8kg/ mu, 8514.3kg/ mu and 8421.8kg/ mu, process and 7 relatively process 8, process 9, process 10, process 11, process 12 and be respectively increased 4.6%, 2.5%, 40.2%, 42.2%, 43.7%。
Three, the 3rd batch: tomato variety is hundred profits, for sense root-knot nematode type kind。
Process 13: on the experimental plot 1 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 14: on the experimental plot 2 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 15: on the experimental plot 3 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 16: on the experimental plot 4 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 17: on the experimental plot 5 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Process 18: on the experimental plot 6 after gathering in the crops at second batch, implantation methods plants Fructus Lycopersici esculenti routinely。
Test method and data:
Before uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, each process takes 20 strain plant at random and grubs out out, and the root knot of root carries out after cleaning with clear water classification respectively, calculates root knot index。
Result: process 13, process 14, process 15, process 16, process 17 and process 18 root knot indexes respectively 1.41,5.57,5.12,81.53,84.18 and 89.66。Variance analysis, significant difference between process 13 and process 14, process 15, between process 13 and process 16, process 17, process 18, difference is extremely significantly, and between process 16, process 17, process 18, difference is not notable。
Additionally, after Fructus Lycopersici esculenti results, calculate the yield in each experimental plot, process 13, process 14, process 15, process 16, process 17 and process 18 tomato yields respectively 7515.3kg/ mu, 7121.8kg/ mu, 7179.4kg/ mu, 5017.9kg/ mu, 4937.1kg/ mu and 4826.5kg/ mu, process and 13 relatively process 14, process 15, process 16, process 17, process 18 and be respectively increased 5.5%, 4.7%, 49.8%, 52.2% and 55.7%。
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, whole cultivation row spacing 120cm, middle protrusion bandwidth 40cm, 2 of both sides are protruded bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 15cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 160cm；
2) field planting stubble in early spring Fructus Lycopersici esculenti: Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is the double; two strain field planting in single file list cave on cultivation ridge, field planting is on middle protrusion band, and training, from 30cm, is gone alone in cave, and the fruitful branch with the 2 strain Fructus Lycopersici esculenties in cave is V-shaped symmetrical for axis with the protrusion band cultivating ridge；
3) plant is walked quickly and kept away in sowing: while Fructus Lycopersici esculenti field planting, and on middle protrusion band, around each tomatidine plant hole, plant is walked quickly and kept away in sowing 4 strains of 2-4cm place, and 4 strains are walked quickly and kept away plant and are symmetric；
4) sowing lures and collects root-knot nematode plant: on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge, drilling lures collection root-knot nematode plant, and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is pulled up seedlings first 60 days, collection root-knot nematode plant will be lured to extract with root, remove root, and root is concentrated destruction, and overground part dries；
5) sowing Biofumigation plant: after luring collection root-knot nematode plant to pull out, drilling Biofumigation plant on the protrusion band of cultivation both sides, ridge；
6) after 6-9 megathermal period in month Fructus Lycopersici esculenti gathers in the crops complete pulling up seedlings, by Biofumigation plant, walk quickly and keep away plant together with step 4) luring collection root-knot nematode aboveground vegetation part be crushed to 10-20mm and spread fertilizer over the fields ground, plough deeply with rotary cultivator and mix to 30-40cm plough horizon, water saturates arable layer is watered after leveling, covering with plastic film afterwards, taking off film after airtight 20-30 days, plowed soils dry in the sun arranges lower stubble tomato planting after 2-3 days；
This batch of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is not endangered by root-knot nematode, and later continuous many batches of Fructus Lycopersici esculenties are not also endangered by root-knot nematode when general planting。
2. the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in walk quickly and keep away plant be Herba Allii Schoenoprasi。
3. the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described in lure and integrate root-knot nematode plant as Herba Spinaciae。
4. the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Biofumigation plant is leafy mustard。
5. the cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described cultivation ridge hollow zone arranges drip irrigation zone for watering to Fructus Lycopersici esculenti。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410745392.4A CN104521484B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | A kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410745392.4A CN104521484B (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | A kind of cultural method preventing tomato root-knot eelworm |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104521484A CN104521484A (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| CN104521484B true CN104521484B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN107996306A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-08 | 寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司 | A kind of control method of Tomato in Greenhouse thrips |
| CN108076925A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-05-29 | 寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司 | A kind of method for preventing tomato Bemisia tabaci |
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| CN110432095A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-12 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of crop |
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