CN106035058A - Method for producing seeds of chili in net room - Google Patents
Method for producing seeds of chili in net room Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035058A CN106035058A CN201610361049.9A CN201610361049A CN106035058A CN 106035058 A CN106035058 A CN 106035058A CN 201610361049 A CN201610361049 A CN 201610361049A CN 106035058 A CN106035058 A CN 106035058A
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- green pepper
- alabastrum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing seeds of chili in a net room. A female parent and male parent planting mode is set and improved in the net room, banding relay cropping planting of male parents and female parents on a cultivation ridge with a double-concave structure is realized, the male parents do not occupy extra land, the purposes of increasing the planting number of the female parents on the total area of a seed production land parcel and improving a growing environment of male parent and female parent plants are achieved, and yield and quality of the hybrid seeds of the chili are improved. The yield of the hybrid seeds of the chili is improved by 28.6%-31.9%, and the thousand seed weight is increased by 0.25-0.29 g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fructus Capsici solarium producing method for seed, belong to vegetable breeding technical field.
Background technology
Fructus Capsici hybrid seeding is for the purpose of producing high-quality hybrid seed, and the advantage utilizing Fructus Capsici male parent maternal shows
Property, by producing in yielding ability, disease resistance, resistance the Hybrid significantly more than parents after the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds.Peppery
The problems such as it is on the low side that green pepper exists yield during hybrid seeding, and seed quality and purity are difficult to effectively control, and production cost is high,
These problems constrain the development of Capsicum seed industry to a certain extent.
The technological deficiency of the Fructus Capsici tradition conventional hybridization production of hybrid seeds is mainly manifested in:
(1) planting in the male parent of Fructus Capsici, maternal the most individually partition set, male parent takies independent land area, reduces the production of hybrid seeds
Plant number maternal on the gross area of plot, causes hybrid seed to yield poorly.
(2) in order to reduce male parent floor space, generally use the method plantation male parent strengthening planting density, cause male parent to plant
Disorderly competition between strain, makes the male flower of plant can not get more preferable nutritional condition, and it is poor that male flower is grown, and pollen quantity reduces, unfavorable
Adopt powder in carrying out, cause hybridization pollination of poor quality.
(3) roguing opportunity and method can not science, hybrid strain removes thorough, causes the generation of pseudostationary, and hybrid seed is pure
Degree declines.
(4) must arrange remote isolation area, multiple Fructus Capsici cenospecies can not be at same base closely breeding, breeding cost
Become big.
Therefore, how to improve the systematic seeding technique of Fructus Capsici, reduce the generation of pseudostationary, improve hybrid seed yield, fall
Low breeding cost is the problem demanding prompt solution that the industry is faced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for problem above, it is provided that a kind of Fructus Capsici solarium producing method for seed, the party
It is high that method adds the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, seed purity and percentage of seedgermination；Improve Parent kind
Plant ratio, reduce male parent planting density, be conducive to improving hybrid seed yield and quality, reduce breeding cost.
For solving above technical problem, the Fructus Capsici solarium producing method for seed of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc
Frame, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net；
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band and 2 hollow zones by 3
Composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, and adjacent 2
Bar cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm；
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:4, and male parent is than maternal early sowing
Kind 3-5 days, the seedling age phase is about 30 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, and male parent field planting is being cultivated the convex of centre, ridge
Go out on band, maternal field planting on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, the typicality such as leaf, leaf color, growing way according to Seedling before field planting
Shape carries out the 1st time go hybrid strain to father, female parent, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain is removed, no longer field planting；
4) female parent is carried out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time；Maternal door green pepper alabastrum
During appearance, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, female parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Before maternal door green pepper alabastrum is open
Carry out bagging selfing, bear fruit；When green pepper alabastrum is occurred by female parent, according to typical cases such as door green pepper fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal shapes
Character pair female parent carries out the 3rd time and goes hybrid strain；Female parent extracts maternal door green pepper fruit and in time to green pepper alabastrum after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time；Choosing
Hybridization pollination is carried out with maternal four female bucket flowers, octahedral wind flower；
5) pollen is gathered: front 1 afternoon of pollinating gathers standby for the pollen of the big alabastrum open next day in male parent strain；
6) emasculation: selecting the maternal alabastrum emasculation of 1-2 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles immediately；
7) pollination: by light and even for the paternal pollen of collection and be coated onto female parent emasculation enough during the 2nd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation
Alabastrum stigma on hybridize；
8) after pollination all terminates, pull out male parent, flower, the flower bud of non-for female parent emasculation are all extractd, and extracts unnecessary axillalry bud,
3-4 sheet leaf pinching is stayed by a rear hybridization side of taking；
9), when the young green pepper length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, fruit shape 8-10 fruit good, supermature is selected to make kind of a green pepper, by unnecessary
Fruit remove；Kind green pepper growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain, kind of green pepper is not met the maternal timely of varietal character
Remove；Gather in time after planting green pepper maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 5-7 days, take seed.
A kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 3) during field planting, female parent strain is away from for 40cm, and male parent spacing in the rows is 80cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 7), a strain retains 10-12 hybridization flower, and namely a strain female parent ensures have
10-12 colored hybridization pollination.
Another prioritization scheme, also hangs climing cultivation, does not prunes male parent in described step 4)；Male parent door green pepper alabastrum goes out
Now, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, male parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Male parent door green pepper alabastrum is open to advance
Row bagging selfing, bear fruit；When green pepper alabastrum is occurred by male parent, according to typicality such as door green pepper fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal shapes
Male parent is carried out the 3rd time going hybrid strain by shape；Male parent extracts male parent door green pepper fruit and in time to green pepper alabastrum after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
Use above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the advantage that
(1) the Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds of the present invention is by innovation cultivation ridge structure in solarium, changes Parent under tradition normal condition and independently divides
District's nonoculture plantation is mixing point band relay interplanting planting, the not extra individually land occupation of male parent, adds on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot
Planting of maternal strain number, improves Fructus Capsici hybrid seed yield.667m of the present invention2The more traditional conventional method of hybrid seed yield improves
28.6%-31.9%。
(2) the Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds of the present invention changes dense planting in male parent partition set is a point band dispersion thin planting, male parent robust growth, forms hero
Quantity is many, quality good for flower；Meanwhile, be conducive to improving Parent planting proportion, be effectively improved the strain number of male parent, improve flower
The quality of powder and supply, improve the quality of hybridization pollination.The Fructus Capsici more traditional conventional method of hybrid seed mass of 1000 kernel of the present invention increases
Adding 0.25-0.29g, seed is fuller.
(3) present invention has innovated the method by staying fruit to identify hybrid strain, it is possible to thoroughly removes Parent hybrid strain, is greatly improved
The purity of hybrid seed, seed purity reaches 100%；Percentage of seedgermination is 99.2%-100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain.
(4) present invention uses solarium's production of hybrid seeds, need not arrange remote isolation area, can realize multiple same base of Fructus Capsici cenospecies
Ground closely breeding.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment is for the ease of understanding the present invention, and limits claim and the core of the present invention never in any form
Content.
Embodiment 1, field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City.Capsicum variety is the cenospecies of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding
Many No. 2 of gold, male parent is yslj06, and female parent is ysji25.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Solarium of the present invention producing method for seed step:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc
Frame, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net.
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, recessed by 3 protrusion bands and 2
Falling into band composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, phase
Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm.
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the many No. 2 Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds of gold, the ratio of father yslj25 is 1:4,
Yslj06 was than yslj25 planting early enough 3-5 days, and the seedling age phase is about 30 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting, by yslj06 during 3 leaf 1 heart
On field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, spacing in the rows is 80cm.The yslj25 field planting 2 protrusions in cultivation both sides, ridge carry, strain
Away from for 40cm.Before field planting, typical character pair yslj06, the yslj25 such as leaf, leaf color, growing way according to Seedling carry out the 1st roguing
Strain, removes the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain, no longer field planting.
4) yslj25 is carried out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time；yslj25
When door green pepper alabastrum occurs, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, yslj25 is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Yslj25 door
Carry out bagging selfing before green pepper alabastrum is open, bear fruit；When green pepper alabastrum is occurred by yslj25, according to door green pepper fruit shapes, fruit colour,
The typical case character pair yslj25 such as sepal shape carries out the 3rd time and goes hybrid strain；Yslj25 extracts yslj25 door after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time in time
Green pepper fruit and to green pepper alabastrum；Yslj25 tetra-female bucket flower, octahedral wind flower is selected to carry out hybridization pollination.Yslj06 carries out hanging climing cultivation,
Do not prune；When yslj06 door green pepper alabastrum occurs, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, yslj06 is carried out the 2nd time
Hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before yslj06 door green pepper alabastrum is open, bear fruit；When green pepper alabastrum is occurred by yslj06, according to door green pepper fruit
The typical case character pair yslj06 such as shape, fruit colour, sepal shape carries out the 3rd time and goes hybrid strain；After yslj06 goes hybrid strain the 3rd time and
Time extract yslj06 door green pepper fruit and to green pepper alabastrum.
5) pollen is gathered: front 1 afternoon of pollinating gathers standby for the pollen of the big alabastrum open next day on yslj06 plant；
6) emasculation: selecting the yslj25 alabastrum emasculation of 1-2 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles immediately；
7) pollination: by light and even for the yslj06 pollen of collection and be coated onto emasculation enough during the 2nd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation
Hybridize on alabastrum stigma；One strain yslj25 retains 10-12 hybridization flower.
8) pollination all terminate after, pull out yslj06, flower, the flower bud of non-for yslj25 emasculation all extractd, and extract unnecessary
Axillalry bud, stays 3-4 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking.
9), when the young green pepper length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, fruit shape 8-10 fruit good, supermature is selected to make kind of a green pepper, will
Unnecessary fruit removes；Kind green pepper growth course carries out the 4th to yslj25 and goes hybrid strain, kind of a green pepper is not inconsistent many No. 2 kinds of alloy
The yslj25 of character removes in time；Gather in time after planting green pepper maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 5-7 days, take seed.
Above-mentioned go hybrid strain process, be intended to pull out yslj06, yslj25 kind and plant the hybrid strain in row and doubtful hybrid strain.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysji25(is maternal) to increase plant number be 540
Strain, the many No. 2 Fructus Capsici hybrid seed 667m of gold2Output increased 31.9%, the single fruit amount of setting seeds increases by 1.7, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 0.29g.
From the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed, randomly draw 2500 seeds respectively, carry out gold many
No. 2 Fructus Capsici field planting tests, the many No. 2 pepper seed germination rates of production of hybrid seeds gold of the present invention are 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, plants
Sub-purity reaches 100%；The conventional many No. 2 pepper seed germination rates of production of hybrid seeds gold of tradition are 92.4%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.22% to go out
Existing.
Embodiment 2, field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City.Capsicum variety is the cenospecies of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding
Many No. 4 of gold, male parent is yslj08, and female parent is ysji27.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Solarium of the present invention producing method for seed step: in addition to kind difference, other measure is with embodiment 1.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysji27(is maternal) to increase plant number be 540
Strain, the many No. 4 Fructus Capsici hybrid seed 667m of gold2Output increased 28.6 %, the single fruit amount of setting seeds increases by 1.6, and mass of 1000 kernel increases
0.25g。
From the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed, randomly draw 2500 seeds respectively, carry out gold many
No. 4 Fructus Capsici field planting tests, the many No. 4 pepper seed germination rates of production of hybrid seeds gold of the present invention are 99.2%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain,
Seed purity reaches 100%；The conventional many No. 4 pepper seed germination rates of production of hybrid seeds gold of tradition are 92.7%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.25% to go out
Existing.
By the experimental result of above example, it can be seen that take the present invention to carry out the Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds, total face, production of hybrid seeds plot
Long-pending upper female parent strain number increases, and paternal pollen is grown, maternal stalwartness of growing, and single melon amount of setting seeds dramatically increases, and mass of 1000 kernel substantially increases
Adding, seed is full, and germination percentage is high, and seed purity is high, and yield is high.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and it is common that the part addressed the most in detail is this area
The common knowledge of technical staff.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, any technology based on the present invention
The equivalent transformation enlightened and carry out, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a Fructus Capsici solarium producing method for seed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc
Frame, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net；
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band and 2 hollow zones by 3
Composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, and adjacent 2
Bar cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm；
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the Fructus Capsici production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:4, and male parent is than maternal early sowing
Kind 3-5 days, the seedling age phase is about 30 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, and male parent field planting is being cultivated the convex of centre, ridge
Going out on band, maternal field planting, on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, carries out the 1st time go hybrid strain to father, female parent before field planting；
4) female parent carrying out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time, door green pepper alabastrum occurs
Shi Jinhang goes hybrid strain the 2nd time；Carry out bagging selfing before door green pepper alabastrum is open, bear fruit, when green pepper alabastrum is occurred, carry out the 3rd roguing
Strain, extracts door green pepper fruit and in time to green pepper alabastrum after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time；Maternal four female bucket flowers, octahedral wind flower is selected to hybridize
Pollination；
5) pollen is gathered: front 1 afternoon of pollinating gathers standby for the pollen of the big alabastrum open next day in male parent strain；
6) emasculation: selecting the maternal alabastrum emasculation of 1-2 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles immediately；
7) pollination: by light and even for the paternal pollen of collection and be coated onto the flower of emasculation enough during the 2nd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation
Hybridize on flower bud stigma；
8) after pollination all terminates, pull out male parent, flower, the flower bud of non-for female parent emasculation are all extractd, and extracts unnecessary axillalry bud,
3-4 sheet leaf pinching is stayed by a rear hybridization side of taking；
9), when the young green pepper length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, fruit shape 8-10 fruit good, supermature is selected to make kind of a green pepper, by unnecessary
Fruit remove；Kind green pepper growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain；Gather in time, after carrying out 5-7 days after planting green pepper maturation
Seed is taken after ripe.
Fructus Capsici solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterised in that: in step 3) during field planting, female parent strain away from
For 40cm, male parent spacing in the rows is 80cm.
Fructus Capsici solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterised in that: in step 7), a strain retains 10-12
Hybridization flower.
Fructus Capsici solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterised in that: male parent is also hung by step 4) climing
Cultivation, does not prunes, and male parent carries out the 2nd time going when male parent door green pepper alabastrum occurs hybrid strain, carries out bagging certainly before door green pepper alabastrum is open
Hand over, bear fruit, carry out male parent the 3rd time when green pepper alabastrum is occurred going hybrid strain, after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time, extract male parent door green pepper fruit in time
And to green pepper alabastrum.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610361049.9A CN106035058A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Method for producing seeds of chili in net room |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610361049.9A CN106035058A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Method for producing seeds of chili in net room |
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| CN106035058A true CN106035058A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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ID=57174964
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812103A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏苏润种业有限公司 | A kind of novel method for breeding hot pepper of same day emasculation next day pollination |
| CN109122303A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A method of improving capsicum hybrid seeding efficiency and yield |
| CN113785741A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2021-12-14 | 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 | Seed production method for pepper breeding |
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| CN104521484A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-04-22 | 寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司 | Cultivation method for preventing tomato root-knot nematode worms |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812103A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-11-16 | 江苏苏润种业有限公司 | A kind of novel method for breeding hot pepper of same day emasculation next day pollination |
| CN109122303A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A method of improving capsicum hybrid seeding efficiency and yield |
| CN113785741A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2021-12-14 | 山东寿光蔬菜种业集团有限公司 | Seed production method for pepper breeding |
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