CN106035056A - Method for producing seeds of rootstock-used pumpkins in solar greenhouse - Google Patents
Method for producing seeds of rootstock-used pumpkins in solar greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN106035056A CN106035056A CN201610361043.1A CN201610361043A CN106035056A CN 106035056 A CN106035056 A CN 106035056A CN 201610361043 A CN201610361043 A CN 201610361043A CN 106035056 A CN106035056 A CN 106035056A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing seeds of rootstock-used pumpkin in a solar greenhouse. A female parent and male parent planting mode is set and improved in the solar greenhouse, banding relay cropping planting of male parents and female parents on a cultivation ridge with a double-concave structure is realized, male parents do not occupy extra land, the purposes of increasing the planting number of the female parents on the total area of a seed production land parcel and improving a growing environment of male parent and female parent plants are achieved, and yield and quality of the hybrid seeds of the rootstock-used pumpkins are improved. The yield of the hybrid seeds of the rootstock-used pumpkins is improved by 25.4%-28.7%, and the thousand seed weight is increased by 11.2-11.4 g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed, belong to vegetable breeding technical field.
Background technology
Anvil hybrid pumpkin seed production is for the purpose of producing high-quality hybrid seed, and the advantage utilizing male parent maternal shows
Property, by producing in yielding ability, disease resistance, resistance the Hybrid significantly more than parents after the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds.South
The problems such as it is on the low side that melon exists yield during hybrid seeding, and seed quality and purity are difficult to effectively control, and production cost is high,
These problems constrain the development of Semen Cucurbitae industry to a certain extent.
The technological deficiency of the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae tradition conventional hybridization production of hybrid seeds is mainly manifested in:
(1) planting in the male parent of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, maternal the most individually partition set, male parent takies independent land area, reduces
Plant number maternal on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, causes hybrid seed to yield poorly.
(2) in order to reduce male parent floor space, generally use the method plantation male parent strengthening planting density, cause male parent to plant
Disorderly competition between strain, makes the male flower of plant can not get more preferable nutritional condition, and it is poor that male flower is grown, and pollen quantity reduces, unfavorable
Adopt powder in carrying out, cause hybridization pollination of poor quality.
(3) go hybrid strain opportunity and method can not science, Parent hybrid strain is removed thorough, is caused the generation of pseudostationary, miscellaneous
Friendship seed purity declines.
(4) must arrange remote isolation area, multiple anvil squash hybridization kinds can not be in same base closely breeding, breeding
Cost becomes big.
Therefore, how to improve the systematic seeding technique of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, reduce the generation of pseudostationary, improve the production of hybrid seeds and produce
Amount, reducing breeding cost is the problem demanding prompt solution that the industry is faced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for problem above, it is provided that a kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse production of hybrid seeds side
Method, this method increases the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, seed purity and percentage of seedgermination high；Improve father
Planting of maternal ratio, reduces male parent planting density, is conducive to improving hybrid seed yield and quality, reduces breeding cost.
For solving above technical problem, anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, recessed by 3 protrusion bands and 2
Falling into band composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, phase
Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm；
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:6, male parent ratio
Maternal planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by male parent field planting on cultivation ridge
On middle protrusion band, maternal field planting on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, leaf, leaf color, growing way according to Seedling before field planting
Carry out the 1st time going hybrid strain Deng typical case character pair father, female parent, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain is removed, no longer field planting；
3) female parent is gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, when maternal 1st female flower is buddingged, according to beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color etc.
Typical case's character pair female parent carries out the 2nd time and goes hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower pollination self of female parent, sits melon, and maternal 1st female flower sits melon
Latter 8-10 days, carry out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair female parent such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, maternal go hybrid strain 3rd time after and
Time female parent sugar-preserved gourd and the 2nd female flower alabastrum are extractd, start hybridization pollination from maternal 3rd female flower；
4) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before should extract the male flower on maternal plant, clear up one time the 2nd day early morning again, really
Protect the hybridization pollination male flower that the same day, female parent did not open；
5) bagging: front 1 afternoon of pollinating is by the male flower of the 2nd day male parent to be bloomed and the set paper bag isolation of maternal female flower；
6) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, takes off the maternal female paper bag taken, and opens petal and exposes stigma, will set
The male parent male flower petal of bag removes and exposes flower pesticide, is evenly coated in by pollen on female chapiter and hybridizes, the most again by female flower
Bagging, the next day take off paper bag；
7), after all pollination terminates, paternal plant is pulled out；Pluck fruit, flower, alabastrum and the side of having no result do not pollinated on maternal plant
Branch, stays 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
8), when hybridization melon length is to 4-5cm size, selects fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, unnecessary melon is removed；Kind
Melon growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain, the female parent that kind of melon does not meets this varietal character is removed in time；Plant melon to become
Gather in time after ripe, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
A kind of prioritization scheme, described step 2) in field planting time, female parent strain is away from for 35cm, male parent spacing in the rows 105cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 6), a strain retains 4-5 hybridization flower, and namely a strain female parent ensures there is 4-
5 colored hybridization pollinations.
Another prioritization scheme, also hangs climing cultivation to male parent in described step 3), plant is plucked after there is the 1st female flower alabastrum
The heart, and carry out the 2nd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair male parent such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, the 1st female flower selfing is awarded
Powder, sitting melon, the 1st female flower of male parent is sat after melon 8-10 days, carries out the 3rd time according to typical case's character pair male parent such as curcumbitate, melon skin color
Go hybrid strain, in time melon is extractd after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
Use above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the advantage that
(1) the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention is by innovation cultivation ridge structure in heliogreenhouse, changes father and mother under tradition normal condition
This independent partitions nonoculture plantation is mixing point band relay interplanting planting, the not extra individually land occupation of male parent, adds production of hybrid seeds plot total
Planting of maternal strain number on area, improves anvil squash hybridization seed production.667m of the present invention2Hybrid seed yield is more traditional
Conventional method improves 25.4%-28.7%.
(2) the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention changes dense planting in male parent partition set is a point band dispersion thin planting, male parent robust growth, shape
Male flower quantity is many, quality good for one-tenth；Meanwhile, be conducive to improving Parent planting proportion, be effectively improved the strain number of male parent, improve
The quality of pollen and supply, improve the quality of hybridization pollination.Anvil squash hybridization thousand grain weigth of the present invention is more traditional often
Rule method increases 11.2-11.4g, and seed is fuller.
(3) method by staying fruit to identify hybrid strain has been innovated in the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention, it is possible to thoroughly remove Parent
Hybrid strain, substantially increases the purity of hybrid seed, and seed purity reaches 100%；Percentage of seedgermination is 98.9%-100%, and field is without vacation
Hybrid strain occurs.
(4) present invention uses the heliogreenhouse production of hybrid seeds, need not arrange remote isolation area, can realize multiple anvil squash hybridization
Plant same base closely breeding.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City of Shandong Province.Anvil pumpkin variety is the miscellaneous of certain company's selection-breeding
Handing over kind of a holy anvil 2, male parent is ysng43, and female parent is ysng16.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Heliogreenhouse producing method for seed step of the present invention:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, recessed by 3 protrusion bands and 2
Falling into band composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, phase
Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm.
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out holy No. 2 production of hybrid seeds of anvil, ysng43, ysng16 planting proportion
For 1:6, ysng43 than ysng16 planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, will
On ysng43 field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, spacing in the rows is 105cm.Ysng16 field planting is at 2 protrusions of cultivation both sides, ridge
On band, spacing in the rows is 35cm.Before field planting, typical character pair ysng43, the ysng16 such as leaf, leaf color, growing way according to Seedling carry out the 1st
Secondary go hybrid strain, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain is removed, no longer field planting.
3) ysng16 is gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, when the 1st female flower of ysng16 is buddingged, according to beginning Hua Jiewei, flower
The typical case character pair ysng16 such as flower bud color carries out the 2nd time going hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower pollination self of ysng16, sits melon, ysng16
1st female flower is sat after melon 8-10 days, carries out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng16 such as curcumbitate, melon skin color,
Ysng16 sugar-preserved gourd and the 2nd female flower alabastrum are extractd, from the beginning of the 3rd female flower of ysng16 after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time by ysng16 in time
Hybridization pollination.Ysng43 hangs climing cultivation, and pinching after the 1st female flower alabastrum occurs in plant, and according to beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color etc.
Typical case character pair ysng43 carries out the 2nd time and goes hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower pollination self, sits melon, and the 1st female flower of ysng43 sits melon
Latter 8-10 days, carry out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng43 such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, timely after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time
Melon is extractd.
4) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before should extract the male flower on ysng16 plant, the 2nd day early morning cleared up one again
Time, it is ensured that the male flower that hybridization pollination ysng16 on same day plant does not open；
5) bagging: pollinate front 1 afternoon by the female flower set paper bag of the male flower of the 2nd day ysng43 plant to be bloomed and ysng16 every
From；
6) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, taken off by female for the ysng16 paper bag taken, open petal and expose stigma, will
The ysng43 male flower petal of bagging removes and exposes flower pesticide, is evenly coated in by pollen on female chapiter and hybridizes, and the most again will
Female flower bagging, the next day take off paper bag；One strain ysng16 plant retains 4-5 hybridization flower.
7), after all pollination terminates, ysng43 plant is pulled out；Pluck do not pollinate on ysng16 plant fruit, flower, alabastrum
And side shoot of having no result, 2-3 sheet leaf pinching is stayed in last hybridization side of taking；
8), when hybridization melon length is to 4-5cm size, selects fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, unnecessary melon is removed, plants
Melon growth course carries out the 4th to ysng16 and goes hybrid strain, kind of melon is not met holy No. 2 varietal characters of anvil ysng16 plant and
Time remove；Gather in time after planting melon maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
Above-mentioned go hybrid strain process, be intended to pull out ysng43, ysng16 kind and plant the hybrid strain in row and doubtful hybrid strain.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysng16(is maternal) to increase plant number be 430
Strain, holy No. 2 hybrid seed 667m of anvil2Output increased 28.7 %, single melon amount of setting seeds increases by 1.8, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 11.4g.
From the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed, randomly draw 3000 seeds respectively, carry out holy anvil
No. 2 field planting tests, No. 2 percentages of seedgermination of production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil of the present invention are 98.9%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, seed purity
Reach 100%；Conventional No. 2 percentages of seedgermination of production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil of tradition are 91.6%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.25% to occur.
Embodiment 2, field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City.Anvil pumpkin variety is the miscellaneous of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding
Handing over kind of a holy anvil 5, male parent is ysng65, and female parent is ysng18.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Heliogreenhouse producing method for seed step of the present invention: in addition to kind difference, other measure is with embodiment 1.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysng18(is maternal) to increase plant number be 430
Strain, holy No. 5 hybrid seed 667m of anvil2Output increased 25.4%, single melon amount of setting seeds increases by 1.7, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 11.2g.
From the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed, randomly draw 3000 seeds respectively, carry out holy anvil
No. 5 field planting tests, production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil fifth-seeded germination percentage of the present invention is 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, and seed purity reaches
100%；The conventional production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil fifth-seeded germination percentage of tradition is 91.9%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.19% to occur.
By the experimental result of above example, it can be seen that take the present invention to carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, production of hybrid seeds plot
On the gross area, female parent strain number increases, and paternal pollen is grown, maternal stalwartness of growing, and single melon amount of setting seeds dramatically increases, and mass of 1000 kernel is bright
Aobvious increase, seed is full, and germination percentage is high, and seed purity is high, and yield is high.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and it is common that the part addressed the most in detail is this area
The common knowledge of technical staff.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, any technology based on the present invention
The equivalent transformation enlightened and carry out, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, recessed by 3 protrusion bands and 2
Falling into band composition, 3 protrude bandwidth and are 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, and 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, phase
Adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm；
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:6, male parent ratio
Maternal planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by male parent field planting on cultivation ridge
On middle protrusion band, maternal field planting, on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, carries out the 1st roguing to father, female parent before field planting
Strain；
3) female parent being gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, the 1st female flower carries out the 2nd time when buddingging and goes hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower
Pollination self, seat melon, the 1st female flower carries out the 3rd time for 8-10 days after sitting melon and goes hybrid strain, timely by female parent melon after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time
Article and the 2nd female flower alabastrum extract, start hybridization pollination from the 3rd female flower；
4) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before extract the male flower on maternal plant, clear up one time again the 2nd day early morning, it is ensured that
The hybridization pollination male flower that the same day, female parent did not open；
5) bagging: front 1 afternoon of pollinating is by the male flower of the 2nd day male parent to be bloomed and maternal female flower set paper bag；
6) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, takes off the maternal female paper bag taken, and opens petal and exposes stigma, will set
The male parent male flower petal of bag removes and exposes flower pesticide, is evenly coated in by pollen on female chapiter and hybridizes, the most again by female flower
Bagging；
7), after all pollination terminates, paternal plant is pulled out；Pluck fruit, flower, alabastrum and the side of having no result do not pollinated on maternal plant
Branch, stays 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
8), when hybridization melon length is to 4-5cm size, selects fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, unnecessary melon is removed；Kind
Melon growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain；Gather in time after planting melon maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2) in field planting
Time, female parent strain is away from for 35cm, and male parent spacing in the rows is 105cm.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: a strain in step 6)
Retain 4-5 hybridization flower.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae heliogreenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the most right in step 3)
Male parent hangs climing cultivation, and pinching after the 1st female flower alabastrum occurs in plant, and male parent carries out the 2nd time goes hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower
Pollination self, seat melon, the 1st female flower carries out the 3rd time to male parent in 8-10 days after sitting melon and goes hybrid strain, in time will after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time
Melon is extractd.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610361043.1A CN106035056A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Method for producing seeds of rootstock-used pumpkins in solar greenhouse |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610361043.1A CN106035056A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Method for producing seeds of rootstock-used pumpkins in solar greenhouse |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110402811A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | A kind of method of Rapid identification pumpkin seed production purity |
| CN114916439A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Method for temperature-controlled cultivation of hybrid seed production of Indian pumpkin |
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| CN104429536A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司 | Cultivation method capable of controlling tomato root knot nematode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110402811A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | A kind of method of Rapid identification pumpkin seed production purity |
| CN114916439A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Method for temperature-controlled cultivation of hybrid seed production of Indian pumpkin |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |