CN105993497A - Rootstock-use pumpkin mesh room seed production method - Google Patents
Rootstock-use pumpkin mesh room seed production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993497A CN105993497A CN201610361047.XA CN201610361047A CN105993497A CN 105993497 A CN105993497 A CN 105993497A CN 201610361047 A CN201610361047 A CN 201610361047A CN 105993497 A CN105993497 A CN 105993497A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rootstock-use pumpkin mesh room seed production method. With settings in a mesh room, a male and female parent planting mode is improved. With the method, male and female parents are intercropped in different zones on cultivation ridges with a double-concave structure. The male parents do not occupy land additionally and separately, such that a female parent planting number in a seed production land plot total area is improved, and a male and female parent plant growth environment can be improved. With the method, rootstock-use pumpkin hybrid seed yield and quality can be improved. Rootstock-use pumpkin hybrid seed yield can be improved by 25.2-27.3%, and thousand seed weight can be increased by 10.5-11.1g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium producing method for seed, belong to vegetable breeding technical field.
Background technology
Anvil hybrid pumpkin seed production is for the purpose of producing high-quality hybrid seed, and the advantage utilizing anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae male parent maternal is dominant, by producing in yielding ability, disease resistance, resistance the Hybrid significantly more than parents after the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds.The problems such as it is on the low side that anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae exists yield during hybrid seeding, and seed quality and purity are difficult to effectively control, and production cost is high, these problems constrain the development of anvil Semen Cucurbitae industry to a certain extent.
The technological deficiency of the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae tradition conventional hybridization production of hybrid seeds is mainly manifested in:
(1) planting in the male parent of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, maternal the most individually partition set, male parent takies independent land area, reduces plant number maternal on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, causes hybrid seed to yield poorly.
(2) in order to reduce male parent floor space, generally use the method plantation male parent strengthening planting density, cause the disorderly competition between paternal plant, the male flower making plant can not get more preferable nutritional condition, and it is poor that male flower is grown, and pollen quantity reduces, it is unfavorable for carrying out adopting powder, causes hybridization pollination of poor quality.
(3) go hybrid strain opportunity and method can not science, Parent hybrid strain removes thorough, causes the generation of pseudostationary, and hybrid seed purity declines.
(4) must arrange remote isolation area, multiple anvil squash hybridization kinds can not be in same base closely breeding, and breeding cost becomes big.
Therefore, how to improve the systematic seeding technique of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, reduce the generation of pseudostationary, improve hybrid seed yield, reducing breeding cost is the problem demanding prompt solution that the industry is faced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for problem above, it is provided that a kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium producing method for seed, this method increases the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, seed purity and percentage of seedgermination high；Improve Parent planting proportion, reduce male parent planting density, be conducive to improving hybrid seed yield and quality, reduce breeding cost.
For solving above technical problem, the anvil of present invention Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium producing method for seed, comprise the following steps:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc bow member, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net；
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm；
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:6, male parent was than maternal planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by male parent field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, maternal field planting is on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, before field planting, the typical character pair father such as leaf, leaf color, growing way, female parent according to Seedling carry out the 1st time going hybrid strain, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain are removed, no longer field planting；
4) female parent is gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, when maternal 1st female flower is buddingged, carry out the 2nd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair female parent such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, by the 1st female flower pollination self of female parent, sitting melon, maternal 1st female flower is sat after melon 8-10 days, carries out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair female parent such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, female parent sugar-preserved gourd and the 2nd female flower alabastrum are extractd after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time by female parent in time, start hybridization pollination from maternal 3rd female flower；
5) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before should extract the male flower on maternal plant, the 2nd day early morning cleared up one time again, it is ensured that the hybridization pollination male flower that the same day, female parent did not open；
6) bagging: front 1 afternoon of pollinating is by the male flower of the 2nd day male parent to be bloomed and the set paper bag isolation of maternal female flower；
7) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, takes off the maternal female paper bag taken, opens petal and expose stigma, win the male parent male flower of bagging, remove petal and expose flower pesticide, pollen is evenly coated on female chapiter and hybridizes, the most again by female flower bagging, the next day take off paper bag；
8), after all pollination terminates, paternal plant is pulled out；Pluck fruit, flower, alabastrum and the side shoot of having no result do not pollinated on maternal plant, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
9), when hybridization melon length is to 4-5cm size, selects fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, unnecessary melon is removed；Kind melon growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain, the female parent that kind of melon does not meets varietal character is removed in time；Gather in time after planting melon maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
A kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 3) during field planting, female parent strain is away from for 35cm, male parent spacing in the rows 105cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 7), a strain retains 4-5 hybridization flower, and namely a strain female parent ensures there be 4-5 colored hybridization pollination.
Another prioritization scheme, male parent is also hung climing cultivation by described step 4), there is pinching after the 1st female flower alabastrum in plant, and carry out the 2nd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair male parent such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, by the 1st female flower pollination self, sit melon, the 1st female flower of male parent is sat after melon 8-10 days, carries out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to typical case's character pair male parent such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, is extractd by melon in time after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
Use above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the advantage that
(1) the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention cultivates ridge structure by innovation in solarium, changing nonoculture plantation in Parent independent partitions under tradition normal condition is mixing point band relay interplanting planting, the not extra individually land occupation of male parent, add the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, improve anvil squash hybridization seed production.667m of the present invention2The more traditional conventional method of hybrid seed yield improves 25.2%-27.3%.
(2) the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention changes dense planting in male parent partition set is a point band dispersion thin planting, and male parent robust growth, male flower quantity is many, quality good in formation；Meanwhile, be conducive to improving Parent planting proportion, be effectively improved the strain number of male parent, improve quality and the supply of pollen, improve the quality of hybridization pollination.The anvil more traditional conventional method of squash hybridization thousand grain weigth of the present invention increases 10.5-11.1g, and seed is fuller.
(3) method by staying fruit to identify hybrid strain has been innovated in the stock pumpkin production of hybrid seeds of the present invention, it is possible to thoroughly removing Parent hybrid strain, substantially increase the purity of hybrid seed, seed purity reaches 100%；Percentage of seedgermination is that 99.5%-100% field occurs without false hybrid strain.
(4) present invention uses solarium's production of hybrid seeds, need not arrange remote isolation area, can realize the same base of multiple anvil squash hybridization kind closely breeding.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 ,Field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City of Shandong Province.Anvil pumpkin variety is cenospecies sage's anvil 2 of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding, and male parent is ysng43, and female parent is ysng16.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Solarium of the present invention producing method for seed step:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc bow member, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net.
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm.
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, ysng43, ysng16 planting proportion is 1:6, ysng43 was than ysng16 planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by on ysng43 field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, spacing in the rows is 105cm.Ysng16 field planting is on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, and spacing in the rows is 35cm.Before field planting, typical character pair ysng43, the ysng16 such as leaf, leaf color, growing way according to Seedling carry out the 1st time going hybrid strain, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain are removed, no longer field planting.
4) ysng16 is gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, when the 1st female flower of ysng16 is buddingged, carry out the 2nd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng16 such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, by the 1st female flower pollination self of ysng16, sit melon, the 1st female flower of ysng16 is sat after melon 8-10 days, carry out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng16 such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, ysng16 sugar-preserved gourd and the 2nd female flower alabastrum are extractd after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time by ysng16 in time, start hybridization pollination from the 3rd female flower of ysng16.Ysng43 hangs climing cultivation, there is pinching after the 1st female flower alabastrum in plant, and carry out the 2nd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng43 such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, by the 1st female flower pollination self, sit melon, the 1st female flower of ysng43 is sat after melon 8-10 days, carry out the 3rd time going hybrid strain according to the typical case character pair ysng43 such as curcumbitate, melon skin color, in time melon is extractd after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
5) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before should extract the male flower on ysng16 plant, the 2nd day early morning cleared up one time again, it is ensured that the male flower that hybridization pollination ysng16 on same day plant does not open；
6) bagging: pollinate front 1 afternoon male flower by the 2nd day ysng43 plant to be bloomed and the female flower set paper bag isolation of ysng16；
7) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, female for the ysng16 paper bag taken is taken off, opens petal and expose stigma, the ysng43 male flower petal of bagging is removed and exposes flower pesticide, pollen is evenly coated on female chapiter and hybridizes, the most again by female flower bagging, the next day take off paper bag；One strain ysng16 plant retains 4-5 hybridization flower.
8), after all pollination terminates, ysng43 plant is pulled out；Pluck fruit, flower, alabastrum and the side shoot of having no result do not pollinated on ysng16 plant, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
9) when hybridizing melon length to 4-5cm size, selecting fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, removed by unnecessary melon, in kind melon growth course, ysng16 is carried out the 4th and go hybrid strain, the ysng16 plant that kind of melon does not meets holy No. 2 varietal characters of anvil is removed in time；Gather in time after planting melon maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
Above-mentioned go hybrid strain process, be intended to pull out ysng43, ysng16 kind and plant the hybrid strain in row and doubtful hybrid strain.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysng16(is maternal) to increase plant number be 440 strains, holy No. 2 hybrid seed 667m of anvil2Output increased 25.2%, single melon amount of setting seeds increases by 1.4, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 10.5g.
Randomly drawing 3000 seeds from the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed respectively, carry out No. 2 field planting tests of holy anvil, No. 2 percentages of seedgermination of sage's anvil of the present invention are 99.5%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, and seed purity reaches 100%；Conventional No. 2 percentages of seedgermination of production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil of tradition are 93.8%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.21% to occur.
Embodiment 2 ,Field test is in breeding base, Shouguang City of Shandong Province.Anvil pumpkin variety is cenospecies sage's anvil 5 of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding, and male parent is ysng65, and female parent is ysng18.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Solarium of the present invention producing method for seed step: in addition to kind difference, other measure is with embodiment 1.
Result of the test: present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Ysng18(is maternal) to increase plant number be 430 strains, holy No. 5 hybrid seed 667m of anvil2Output increased 27.3%, single melon amount of setting seeds increases by 1.7, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 11.1g.
Randomly drawing 3000 seeds from the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed respectively, carry out No. 5 field planting tests of holy anvil, production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil fifth-seeded germination percentage of the present invention is 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, and seed purity reaches 100%；The conventional production of hybrid seeds sage's anvil fifth-seeded germination percentage of tradition is 91.3%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.20% to occur.
By the experimental result of above example, it can be seen that take the present invention to carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, female parent strain number increases, paternal pollen is grown, maternal stalwartness of growing, single melon amount of setting seeds dramatically increases, and mass of 1000 kernel substantially increases, seed is full, germination percentage is high, and seed purity is high, and yield is high.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part addressed the most in detail is the common knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and the equivalent transformation that any technology based on the present invention is enlightened and carried out, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium producing method for seed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) solarium is set: select the rich soil that high-land, irrigation and drainage are good, and the plot without quarantine disease sets up arc bow member, span 6-8m, rise 2.5-3.0m, long 60-80m, arc bow member overlying lid 40-50 mesh fly net；
2) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in solarium, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 140cm；
3) use solarium in Shandong be April early and middle ten days carry out the anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:6, male parent was than maternal planting early enough 7-10 days, the seedling age phase is about 25 days, rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by on male parent field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, maternal field planting, on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, carries out the 1st time go hybrid strain to father, female parent before field planting；
4) female parent is gone alone training, hang climing cultivation, 1st female flower carries out the 2nd time when buddingging and goes hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower pollination self, sit melon, 1st female flower carries out the 3rd time for 8-10 days after sitting melon and goes hybrid strain, in time female parent sugar-preserved gourd and the 2nd female flower alabastrum are extractd after going hybrid strain for 3rd time, start hybridization pollination from the 3rd female flower；
5) except male flower: during pollination during every day 16 before extract the male flower on maternal plant, clear up one time again the 2nd day early morning, it is ensured that the hybridization pollination male flower that the same day, female parent did not open；
6) bagging: front 1 afternoon of pollinating is by the male flower of the 2nd day male parent to be bloomed and maternal female flower set paper bag；
7) pollination: after bagging during the 2nd day 5-8 in the morning, takes off the maternal female paper bag taken, opens petal and expose stigma, win the male parent male flower of bagging, remove petal and expose flower pesticide, be evenly coated in by pollen on female chapiter and hybridize, the most again by female flower bagging；
8), after all pollination terminates, paternal plant is pulled out；Pluck fruit, flower, alabastrum and the side shoot of having no result do not pollinated on maternal plant, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
9), when hybridization melon length is to 4-5cm size, selects fruit shape 3 melons good, supermature to make kind of a melon, unnecessary melon is removed；Kind melon growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain；Gather in time after planting melon maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15-20 days, take seed.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterised in that: in step 3) during field planting, female parent strain is away from for 35cm, and male parent spacing in the rows is 105cm.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterised in that: in step 7), a strain retains 4-5 hybridization flower.
A kind of anvil Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae solarium the most according to claim 1 producing method for seed, it is characterized in that: male parent is also hung climing cultivation by step 4), there is pinching after the 1st female flower alabastrum in plant, and male parent is carried out the 2nd time go hybrid strain, by the 1st female flower pollination self, sit melon, 1st female flower carries out the 3rd time to male parent in 8-10 days after sitting melon and goes hybrid strain, is extractd by melon in time after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114916439A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Method for temperature-controlled cultivation of hybrid seed production of Indian pumpkin |
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| CN102511376A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-27 | 宁波蓝鼎电子科技有限公司 | Hybrid pumpkin seed production method |
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| CN102511376A (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-06-27 | 宁波蓝鼎电子科技有限公司 | Hybrid pumpkin seed production method |
| CN103461101A (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2013-12-25 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Stemless cucurbita maxima breeding method |
| CN104429536A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-03-25 | 寿光市新世纪种苗有限公司 | Cultivation method capable of controlling tomato root knot nematode |
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| CN114916439A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-19 | 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 | Method for temperature-controlled cultivation of hybrid seed production of Indian pumpkin |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |