CN105993498A - Eggplant sunlight greenhouse seed production method - Google Patents
Eggplant sunlight greenhouse seed production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993498A CN105993498A CN201610361050.1A CN201610361050A CN105993498A CN 105993498 A CN105993498 A CN 105993498A CN 201610361050 A CN201610361050 A CN 201610361050A CN 105993498 A CN105993498 A CN 105993498A
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- eggplant
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- solani melongenae
- flower
- male parent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The invention discloses an eggplant sunlight greenhouse seed production method. With settings in a sunlight greenhouse, a male and female parent planting mode is improved. With the method, male and female parents are intercropped in different zones on cultivation ridges with a double-concave structure. The male parents do not occupy land additionally and separately, such that a female parent planting number in a seed production land plot total area is improved, and a male and female parent plant growth environment can be improved. With the method, eggplant hybrid seed yield and quality can be improved. Eggplant hybrid seed yield can be improved by 29.5-31.9%, and thousand seed weight can be increased by 0.23-0.25g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed, belong to vegetable breeding technical field.
Background technology
Fructus Solani melongenae hybrid seeding is for the purpose of producing high-quality hybrid seed, and the advantage utilizing Fructus Solani melongenae male parent maternal is dominant, by producing in yielding ability, disease resistance, resistance the Hybrid significantly more than parents after the artificial hybridization production of hybrid seeds.The problems such as it is on the low side that Fructus Solani melongenae exists yield during hybrid seeding, and seed quality and purity are difficult to effectively control, and production cost is high, these problems constrain the development of Fructus Solani melongenae kind industry to a certain extent.
The technological deficiency of the Fructus Solani melongenae tradition conventional hybridization production of hybrid seeds is mainly manifested in:
(1) planting in the male parent of Fructus Solani melongenae, maternal the most individually partition set, male parent takies independent land area, reduces plant number maternal on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, causes hybrid seed to yield poorly.
(2) in order to reduce male parent floor space, generally use the method plantation male parent strengthening planting density, cause the disorderly competition between paternal plant, the male flower making plant can not get more preferable nutritional condition, and it is poor that male flower is grown, and pollen quantity reduces, it is unfavorable for carrying out adopting powder, causes hybridization pollination of poor quality.
(3) roguing opportunity and method can not science, hybrid strain removes thorough, causes the generation of pseudostationary, and hybrid seed purity declines.
(4) must arrange remote isolation area, multiple Fructus Solani melongenae cenospecies can not be in same base closely breeding, and breeding cost becomes big.
Therefore, how to improve the systematic seeding technique of Fructus Solani melongenae, reduce the generation of pseudostationary, improve hybrid seed yield, reducing breeding cost is the problem demanding prompt solution that the industry is faced.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for problem above, it is provided that a kind of eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed, this method increases the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, seed purity and percentage of seedgermination high；Improve Parent planting proportion, reduce male parent planting density, be conducive to improving hybrid seed yield and quality, reduce breeding cost.
For solving above technical problem, the eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm；
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:4, male parent was than maternal planting early enough 3-5 days, the seedling age phase is about 30 days, and rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by male parent field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, maternal field planting is on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, before field planting, the typical character pair father such as leaf, leaf color, growing way, female parent according to Seedling carry out the 1st time going hybrid strain, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain are removed, no longer field planting；
3) female parent is carried out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time；When maternal door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud occurs, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, female parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before maternal door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit；When Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred by female parent, carry out the 3rd time according to typical case's character pair female parents such as door eggplant fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal color, sepal shapes and go hybrid strain；Maternal go hybrid strain for 3rd time after to extract maternal door solanberry in time real and to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud；Maternal four female bucket flowers, octahedral wind flower is selected to carry out hybridization pollination；
4) pollen is gathered: the paternal pollen gathering the 2nd day big alabastrum to be opened after when the pollination first flower opened of collection in early morning on the same day or front 1 afternoon 4 is standby；
5) emasculation: selecting the maternal alabastrum emasculation of 2-3 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles isolation immediately；
6) pollination: by light and even for the paternal pollen of collection and be coated onto enough on the alabastrum stigma of maternal emasculation and hybridize during the 3rd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation；
7), after pollination all terminates, pull out male parent, flower, the flower bud of non-for female parent emasculation are all extractd, and extracts unnecessary axillalry bud, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
8), when the young eggplant length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, selects fruit shape 6-8 fruit good, supermature to make kind of an eggplant, unnecessary fruit is removed；Kind eggplant growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain, the female parent that kind of eggplant does not meets varietal character is removed in time；Gather in time after planting eggplant maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15 days, take seed.
A kind of prioritization scheme, described step 2) in field planting time, female parent strain is away from for 40cm, and male parent spacing in the rows is 80cm.
Another kind of prioritization scheme, in described step 6), a strain retains 8-10 hybridization flower, and namely a strain female parent ensures there be 8-10 colored hybridization pollination.
Another prioritization scheme, also hangs climing cultivation, does not prunes male parent in described step 3)；When male parent door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud occurs, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, male parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before male parent door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit；When Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred by male parent, carry out the 3rd time according to typical case's character pair male parents such as door eggplant fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal color, sepal shapes and go hybrid strain；Male parent extracts male parent door solanberry reality and in time to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
Use above technical scheme, compared with prior art, have the advantage that
(1) the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention cultivates ridge structure by innovation in heliogreenhouse, changing nonoculture plantation in Parent independent partitions under tradition normal condition is mixing point band relay interplanting planting, the not extra individually land occupation of male parent, add the planting of maternal strain number on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, improve Fructus Solani melongenae hybrid seed yield.667m of the present invention2The more traditional conventional method of hybrid seed yield improves 29.5%-31.9%.
(2) the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention changes dense planting in male parent partition set is a point band dispersion thin planting, and male parent robust growth, male flower quantity is many, quality good in formation；Meanwhile, be conducive to improving Parent planting proportion, be effectively improved the strain number of male parent, improve quality and the supply of pollen, improve the quality of hybridization pollination.The Fructus Solani melongenae more traditional conventional method of hybrid seed mass of 1000 kernel of the present invention increases 0.23-0.25g, and seed is fuller.
(3) method by staying fruit to identify hybrid strain has been innovated in the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds of the present invention, it is possible to thoroughly removing Parent hybrid strain, substantially increase the purity of hybrid seed, seed purity reaches 100%；Percentage of seedgermination is 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain.
(4) present invention uses the heliogreenhouse production of hybrid seeds, need not arrange remote isolation area, can realize multiple same bases of Fructus Solani melongenae cenospecies closely breeding.
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment is for the ease of understanding the present invention, and limits claim and the core content of the present invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1 ,Field test is in vegetable breeding base, Shouguang City.Eggplant Varieties is the cenospecies section spring long eggplant of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding, and male parent is sgkycqz011, and female parent is sgkycqz063.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Heliogreenhouse producing method for seed step of the present invention:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm.
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out the long eggplant production of hybrid seeds of section's spring, the ratio of Parent is 1:4, and male parent was than maternal planting early enough 3-5 days, the seedling age phase is about 30 days, rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, and by male parent field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, spacing in the rows is 80cm.Maternal field planting is on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, and spacing in the rows is 40cm.Before field planting, the typical character pair father such as leaf, leaf color, growing way, female parent according to Seedling carry out the 1st time going hybrid strain, the young plant of hybrid strain and doubtful hybrid strain are removed, no longer field planting.
3) female parent is carried out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time；When maternal door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud occurs, according to the typicality of beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum color, female parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before maternal door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit；When Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred by female parent, carry out the 3rd time according to typical case's character pair female parents such as door eggplant fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal color, sepal shapes and go hybrid strain；Maternal go hybrid strain for 3rd time after to extract maternal door solanberry in time real and to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud；Maternal four female bucket flowers, octahedral wind flower is selected to carry out hybridization pollination.Male parent carries out hanging climing cultivation, does not prunes；When male parent door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud occurs, according to typicality such as beginning Hua Jiewei, alabastrum colors, male parent is carried out the 2nd time and go hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before male parent door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit；When Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred by male parent, carry out the 3rd time according to typical case's character pair male parents such as door eggplant fruit shapes, fruit colour, sepal color, sepal shapes and go hybrid strain；Male parent extracts male parent door solanberry reality and in time to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time.
4) pollen is gathered: the paternal pollen gathering the 2nd day big alabastrum to be opened after when the pollination first flower opened of collection in early morning on the same day or front 1 afternoon 4 is standby；
5) emasculation: selecting the maternal alabastrum emasculation of 2-3 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles isolation immediately；
6) pollination: by light and even for the paternal pollen of collection and be coated onto enough on the alabastrum stigma of emasculation and hybridize during the 3rd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation；One strain female parent retains 8-10 hybridization flower.
7), after pollination all terminates, pull out male parent, flower, the flower bud of non-for female parent emasculation are all extractd, and extracts unnecessary axillalry bud, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking.
8), when the young eggplant length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, selects fruit shape 6-8 fruit good, supermature to make kind of an eggplant, unnecessary fruit is removed；In kind eggplant growth course, female parent being carried out the 4th and go hybrid strain, the female parent that kind of eggplant does not meets section's spring long eggplant varietal character is removed in time；Gather in time after planting eggplant maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15 days, take seed.
Above-mentioned go hybrid strain process, be intended to pull out the hybrid strain in male parent, planting of maternal row and doubtful hybrid strain.
Result of the test:
Present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Sgkycqz063(is maternal) to increase plant number be 533 strains, section's spring long eggplant hybrid seed 667m2Output increased 31.9%, the single fruit amount of setting seeds increases by 3.5, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 0.25g.
Randomly drawing 2000 seeds from the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed respectively, carry out the test of section's spring long eggplant field planting, production of hybrid seeds section spring of the present invention long eggplant percentage of seedgermination is 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, and seed purity reaches 100%；The conventional production of hybrid seeds section spring long eggplant percentage of seedgermination of tradition is 93.2%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.24% to occur.
Embodiment 2 ,Field test is in vegetable breeding base, Shouguang City.Eggplant Varieties is the cenospecies section spring short eggplant of company of Shouguang City selection-breeding, and male parent is sgkycqz012, and female parent is sgkycqz065.
Test method: test has set 2 contrasts, for the conventional producing method for seed of tradition and producing method for seed of the present invention.
Heliogreenhouse producing method for seed step of the present invention: in addition to kind difference, other measure is with embodiment 1.
Result of the test:
Present invention producing method for seed 667m more conventional than tradition2Sgkycqz063(is maternal) to increase plant number be 535 strains, section's spring short eggplant hybrid seed 667m2Output increased 29.5 %, the single fruit amount of setting seeds increases by 3.3, and mass of 1000 kernel increases 0.23g.
Randomly drawing 2000 seeds from the present invention and the made cenospecies of tradition routine producing method for seed respectively, carry out the test of section's spring short eggplant field planting, production of hybrid seeds section spring of the present invention short eggplant percentage of seedgermination is 100%, and field occurs without false hybrid strain, and seed purity reaches 100%；The conventional production of hybrid seeds section spring short eggplant percentage of seedgermination of tradition is 93.2%, and field has the false hybrid strain of 0.24% to occur.
By the experimental result of above example, it can be seen that take the present invention to carry out the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds, on the gross area of production of hybrid seeds plot, female parent strain number increases, paternal pollen is grown, maternal stalwartness of growing, single melon amount of setting seeds dramatically increases, and mass of 1000 kernel substantially increases, seed is full, germination percentage is high, and seed purity is high, and yield is high.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, and the part addressed the most in detail is the common knowledge of those of ordinary skill in the art.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and the equivalent transformation that any technology based on the present invention is enlightened and carried out, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) cultivation ridge is set: arranging cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, cultivation ridge is double concave type structure, is protruded band by 3 and 2 hollow zones form, article 3, protruding bandwidth and be 20cm, protrude band height 20cm, 2 depression bandwidth are 20cm, the deep 20cm of hollow zone, adjacent 2 cultivation distance between the ridges 150cm；
2) use heliogreenhouse in Shandong be January early and middle ten days carry out the Fructus Solani melongenae production of hybrid seeds, the ratio of Parent is 1:4, male parent was than maternal planting early enough 3-5 days, the seedling age phase is about 30 days, rice shoot reaches to carry out field planting during 3 leaf 1 heart, by on male parent field planting protrusion band in the middle of cultivation ridge, maternal field planting, on 2 protrusion bands of cultivation both sides, ridge, carries out the 1st time go hybrid strain to father, female parent before field planting；
3) female parent carrying out double dry training, hang climing cultivation, extract remaining branch of below two main wooden forks in time, door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud carries out when occurring the 2nd time going hybrid strain；Carry out bagging selfing before door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit, carry out the 3rd time when Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred and go hybrid strain, extract door solanberry after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time in time real and to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud；Maternal four female bucket flowers, octahedral wind flower is selected to carry out hybridization pollination；
4) pollen is gathered: the paternal pollen gathering the 2nd day big alabastrum to be opened after when the pollination first flower opened of collection in early morning on the same day or front 1 afternoon 4 is standby；
5) emasculation: selecting the maternal alabastrum emasculation of 2-3 days before blooming, after emasculation, paper using set entangles immediately；
6) pollination: by light and even for the paternal pollen of collection and be coated onto enough on the alabastrum stigma of emasculation and hybridize during the 3rd day 9-12 in the morning after emasculation；
7), after pollination all terminates, pull out male parent, flower, the flower bud of non-for female parent emasculation are all extractd, and extracts unnecessary axillalry bud, stay 2-3 sheet leaf pinching in last hybridization side of taking；
8), when the young eggplant length of hybridization flower is to 2-3cm size, selects fruit shape 6-8 fruit good, supermature to make kind of an eggplant, unnecessary fruit is removed；Kind eggplant growth course carries out the 4th to female parent and goes hybrid strain；Gather in time after planting eggplant maturation, after carrying out after-ripening in 15 days, take seed.
Eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 2) in field planting time, female parent strain is away from for 40cm, and male parent spacing in the rows is 80cm.
Eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 6), a strain retains 8-10 hybridization flower.
Eggplant solar greenhouse producing method for seed the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: male parent is also hung climing cultivation by step 3), do not prune, carry out male parent the 2nd time when male parent door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud occurs going hybrid strain, carry out bagging selfing before door Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is open, bear fruit, carry out male parent the 3rd time when Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud is occurred going hybrid strain, extract male parent door solanberry reality after going hybrid strain for the 3rd time in time and to Flos Solani Melongenae flower bud.
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| CN201610361050.1A CN105993498A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Eggplant sunlight greenhouse seed production method |
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| CN201610361050.1A CN105993498A (en) | 2016-05-29 | 2016-05-29 | Eggplant sunlight greenhouse seed production method |
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| CN107258531A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-20 | 扬州大学 | A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination |
| CN107494252A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-12-22 | 江西省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | A kind of method for improving eggplant hybrid seeding efficiency |
| CN113597992A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-05 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Method for improving eggplant hybrid seed production quality by using greenhouse |
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| CN113597992A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-05 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Method for improving eggplant hybrid seed production quality by using greenhouse |
| NL2032727A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-08 | Wuhan Acad Agricultural Sciences | Method for improving the quality of solanum melongena hybrid seed production by using greenhouse |
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