CN107258531A - A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination - Google Patents
A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258531A CN107258531A CN201710640170.XA CN201710640170A CN107258531A CN 107258531 A CN107258531 A CN 107258531A CN 201710640170 A CN201710640170 A CN 201710640170A CN 107258531 A CN107258531 A CN 107258531A
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- pull
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of simple isolation method of pollination of eggplant florescence, belong to plant crossing techniques field.The inventive method comprises the following steps：(1) choose the cotton thread that a diameter of 0.7 1.0mm, length are 8 10cm, by cotton thread break into can pull back and forth knot that can be undone by a pull；(2) to the complete emasculation of maternal bud, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is tied up on bud top；(3) male parent flower pesticide is gathered, it is standby after drying process；(4) cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is removed, pollinates, ties up cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull on maternal bud top again.The flower that the present invention is hybridized eggplant has more preferable ventilation and penetrating light power, it is to avoid shedding, decayed fruit phenomenon, substantially increases the percentage of fertile fruit of hybridization flower.Meanwhile, cotton thread is easy to operate, cost is relatively low, can effectively improve the time of the producer, increase economic efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simple isolation method of pollination of eggplant florescence, and in particular to a kind of side of crop field eggplant hybrid seeding
Method, belongs to plant crossing techniques field.
Background technology
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cultivation extensively in most parts of the world, the United Nations's grain and agriculture group
Knit and eggplant is classified as the fourth-largest vegetable crop.China is eggplant producing country maximum in the world, be also eggplant secondary origin in
The heart, its cultivated area accounts for the 50% of the world.2013, the cultivated area of China's eggplant was 80.1 ten thousand hectares, and total output reaches
2845.58 ten thousand tons.Eggplant is of high nutritive value, also containing a variety of alkaloids, with medical value.During current eggplant is solanaceous crops
The third-largest crop of potato and tomato is only second to, is a kind of popular vegetables, the market demand is quite vigorous.Production at present
Most of Eggplant Varieties of upper popularization belong to cenospecies, and cenospecies is using the maternal advantage of eggplant male parent, after artificial hybridization
Produce the Hybrid of high yield, disease resistance and strong stress resistance.In traditional crossover process, breeder uses the side of bagging
Method avoids interference of other pollen to the flower.But bagging processing exist it is stuffy, light tight, the drawbacks of take time and effort, simultaneously
Financial cost is higher.
《The reproduction technique of eggplant self-mating system seed》(Chen Huabin etc., 2007.6) discloses eggplant during self-pollination
The isolating tool applied to --- cotton thread.The program is that cotton thread is placed at cotton bud end 1-2mm, is used cotton thread with hand
Power is tightened, and plays a part of bundling bud.But this method is the drawbacks of have serious：1. cotton thread is reached at all by the method tightened
Less than the effect of binding bud, as bursting forth for bud can strut its cotton thread tightened rapidly, the now effect of cotton thread can be complete
Disappear, flower is highly susceptible to the pollution of other pollen.2. the method for tightening cotton thread used herein has extremely high to cotton thread
It is required that, cotton thread surface must have many fine hair that two cotton threads can just wound mutually, and cotton thread is not iron wire after all, wants to twist
Tightly, difficulty is very big.3. to take more time to complete to twist line this work, to breeder and the vast farmerses masses
Speech, is a time-consuming and laborious job.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of side that is simple, quick, improving eggplant flower hybridization percentage of fertile fruit
Method, the method can improve eggplant percentage of fertile fruit authentic and validly, be conducive to improving the economic benefit of the producer.
Knot that can be undone by a pull need to be only nested into flower by the present invention by the way of cotton thread to be broken into knot that can be undone by a pull binding bud in crossover process
The end of flower bud, the effect of binding bud is just can reach with one end of hand gently pull cotton thread.Expanding and bursting forth with bud, cotton
Line firmly can all bundle bud, will not fall off the pollution for causing other pollen, reach the most basic goal of hybridization.And
Cotton thread required in the present invention to width and length in addition to having certain requirement, and the frictional force to cotton thread surface is not any
It is required that, choose the isolation effect that the cotton thread of any material can reach.Efficiently solve the deficiency of prior art presence.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：Knot that can be undone by a pull is broken into the cotton thread of suitable dimension, bud is bundled, reaches and blocks other
The effect that pollen enters.Cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is bound after the completion of hybridization again, after eggplant Fruit after one week, cotton cord can be with corolla one
Rise and come off.
The present invention relates to a kind of simple isolation method of pollination of eggplant florescence, comprise the following steps：
Step one：Choose the suitable eggplant of diameter, length and tie up colored cotton thread, broken into knot that can be undone by a pull.
Step 2：To the complete emasculation of maternal bud, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is tied up on bud top.
Step 3：Male parent flower pesticide is gathered, it is standby after drying process.
Step 4：Cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is removed, pollinates, ties up cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull on maternal bud top again.
In step one, prepare the cotton thread that a diameter of 0.7-1.0mm, length are 8-10cm, as shown in Figure 1, cotton thread is broken into
Can pull back and forth knot that can be undone by a pull, to facilitate the size buckled in crossover process according to the size adjustment cotton thread that eggplant is spent.
In step 2, bloomed a few days ago in hybridization female parent, open maternal unopened corolla, carefully removed with tweezers all
Stamen, it is to avoid hurt maternal column cap.After the completion of emasculation, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is set to the top of eggplant corolla, left hand corolla in tow,
The right hand gently tightens up knot that can be undone by a pull, it is to avoid corolla is mechanically damaged, while noting protection maternal column cap.
In step 3, the bud that male parent will be opened is chosen, bud is gently opened, flower pesticide is gently pulled up with tweezers, will be same
The flower pesticide of one male parent is mounted in same bottle, labelled on bottle, to prevent confusion.The flower pesticide adopted is put into 25 DEG C of bakings
In case after 24h, flower pesticide is gently shaken with tweezers, pollen is ejected.
In step 4,1 day before female parent is bloomed, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is gently removed with hand, bud is opened, dips 2mmol/L Mongolian oaks
Pi Su smears column cap, the interaction between enhancing column cap and pollen.The pollen that male parent is dipped with cotton swab is applied to maternal column cap
On, then cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull put, gently tighten up knot that can be undone by a pull with hand, it is to avoid the entrance (Fig. 2) of other pollen.On the day of female parent is bloomed
The pollination of operation more than repeating again and again, is bloomed and pollinated again once one day after, pollinate 3 times altogether.Cotton thread is tied up in last time pollination
During knot that can be undone by a pull, notice that cotton thread should not be bonded on sepal, if sepal is larger, sepal can be pushed aside and bind knot that can be undone by a pull.Label is hung up after pollination, is marked
Note Parent title and pollination date.
The present invention has the following advantages：
(1) cotton thread is as knot that can be undone by a pull, and cost closely be can be neglected, and the economic benefit of the producer can be improved to a certain extent.
(2) cotton thread makes knot that can be undone by a pull, clasp can pull back and forth, according to the size of the size adjustment button of flower, while can follow
Ring is utilized, and has reached convenient environmentally friendly effect.
(3) cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull ties up colored method, easy to operate, time saving and energy saving, and the used time is fast, and the average every flower hybridization used time is 40s, and
Hybridize flower percentage of fertile fruit high, up to 98%.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull knot schematic diagrames.
Schematic diagram after the hybridization of Fig. 2 eggplants.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with concrete operations, the method that the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1：
(1) prepare before hybridizing：Prepare the cotton thread that a diameter of 0.7-1.0mm, length are 8-10cm, as shown in Figure 1, by cotton thread
Break into can pull back and forth knot that can be undone by a pull, to facilitate the size buckled in crossover process according to the size adjustment cotton thread that eggplant is spent.
(2) emasculation is hybridized：Bloomed a few days ago in hybridization female parent, open maternal unopened corolla, carefully removed with tweezers
All stamens, it is to avoid hurt maternal column cap.After the completion of emasculation, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is set to the top of eggplant corolla, left hand is in tow
Corolla, the right hand gently tightens up knot that can be undone by a pull, it is to avoid corolla is mechanically damaged, while noting protection maternal column cap.
(3) powder collecting：The bud that male parent will be opened is chosen, bud is gently opened, flower pesticide is gently pulled up with tweezers, will be same
The flower pesticide of male parent is mounted in same bottle, labelled on bottle, to prevent confusion.The flower pesticide adopted is put into 25 DEG C of baking ovens
After middle 24h, flower pesticide is gently shaken with tweezers, pollen is ejected.
(4) pollinate：1 day before female parent is bloomed, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is gently removed with hand, bud is opened, dips 2mmol/L quercitrins
Element smears column cap, the interaction between enhancing column cap and pollen.Dipped with cotton swab male parent pollen be applied to maternal column cap it
On, then cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull put, gently tighten up knot that can be undone by a pull with hand, it is to avoid the entrance (Fig. 2) of other pollen.The weight on the day of female parent is bloomed
The pollination of operation more than multiple again and again, is bloomed and pollinated again once one day after, pollinate 3 times altogether.Cotton thread work is tied up in last time pollination
During button, notice that cotton thread should not be bonded on sepal, if sepal is larger, sepal can be pushed aside and bind knot that can be undone by a pull.Label is hung up after pollination, is marked
Parent title and pollination date.
(5) after after pollination one week, it was observed that maternal ovary increasing, corolla, which is wilted, gradually to come off, and cotton cord knot that can be undone by a pull is with corolla
Come off and come off.In the method that eggplant cotton thread ties up flower hybridization, every flower hybridization completes average used time 40s, eggplant percentage of fertile fruit
Reach 98%.Saved money and the high method of percentage of fertile fruit it follows that the present invention is that a kind of eggplant hybridization is time saving and energy saving.
It is exactly the detailed description to the specific embodiment of the invention above, the above results can bring many facilities to the producer,
Show that a kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination is advantageous for eggplant successful cross with secondary.
Claims (5)
- The simple isolation method 1. a kind of eggplant florescence pollinates, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Step one：Choose diameter, length and be adapted to eggplant and tie up colored cotton thread, broken into can pull back and forth knot that can be undone by a pull；Step 2：To the complete emasculation of maternal bud, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is tied up on bud top；Step 3：Male parent flower pesticide is gathered, it is standby after drying process；Step 4：Cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is removed, pollinates, ties up cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull on maternal bud top again.
- The simple isolation method 2. a kind of eggplant florescence as claimed in claim 1 pollinates, it is characterised in that in step one, the cotton Linear diameter is that 0.7-1.0mm, length are 8-10cm.
- The simple isolation method 3. a kind of eggplant florescence as claimed in claim 1 pollinates, it is characterised in that female in hybridization in step 2 Originally bloom a few days ago, open maternal unopened corolla, all stamens are carefully removed with tweezers, it is to avoid hurt maternal column cap.
- The simple isolation method 4. a kind of eggplant florescence as claimed in claim 1 pollinates, it is characterised in that in step 3, choose male parent The bud that will be opened, gently opens bud, and flower pesticide is gently pulled up with tweezers, and the flower pesticide of same male parent is mounted in into same bottle In, it is labelled on bottle, to prevent confusion；The flower pesticide adopted is put into 25 DEG C of baking ovens after 24h, flower is gently shaken with tweezers Medicine, ejects pollen.
- The simple isolation method 5. a kind of eggplant florescence as claimed in claim 1 pollinates, it is characterised in that in step 4, opened in female parent First 1 day is spent, cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is gently removed with hand, bud is opened, 2mmol/L Quercetins is dipped and smears column cap, enhancing column cap and flower Interaction between powder；The pollen that male parent is dipped with cotton swab is applied on maternal column cap, then cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is put, and uses hand Gently tighten up knot that can be undone by a pull, it is to avoid the entrance of other pollen；Operation pollination once, is bloomed one day after more than being repeated on the day of female parent is bloomed Pollinate once, pollinate 3 times altogether again；When cotton thread knot that can be undone by a pull is tied up in last time pollination, notice that cotton thread should not be bonded on sepal, if sepal It is larger, sepal can be pushed aside and bind knot that can be undone by a pull；Label, mark Parent title and pollination date are hung up after pollination.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710640170.XA CN107258531A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination |
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| CN201710640170.XA CN107258531A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination |
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| CN107258531A true CN107258531A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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| CN201710640170.XA Pending CN107258531A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108271684A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-13 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | Cotton hybrid breeding artificial pollination method |
| CN112806256A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Simple method for selfing and pollinating eggplants |
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| CN103004577A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2013-04-03 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for increasing yield and improving quality of eggplant hybrid seeds |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108271684A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-07-13 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | Cotton hybrid breeding artificial pollination method |
| CN108271684B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2021-08-20 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | Artificial pollination method for cotton crossbreeding |
| CN112806256A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-05-18 | 杭州市农业科学研究院 | Simple method for selfing and pollinating eggplants |
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Application publication date: 20171020 |
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