CN104350960A - Method for indoor root-grafting cultivating nutrition pot Chinese date seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for indoor root-grafting cultivating nutrition pot Chinese date seedlings and relates to the technical field of plant seedling breeding. The method comprises the following cultivating steps: (1) preparing a seedling growing land: (i) selecting the seedling growing land, (ii) preparing the seedling growing land, (iii) erecting a seedling breeding tent and (iv) dividing compartments for a garden land in the tent; (2) collecting and processing stocks; (3) collecting and processing scions: (i) collecting the scions and (ii) processing the scions; (4) performing nursery stock grafting and nutrition pot planting: (i) preparing nutrient star, (ii) grafting and (iii) filling pots; (5) managing in the tent: (i) entering into the tent, (ii) managing the temperature and humidity, (iii) performing water and fertilizer management, (iv) removing buds, (v) performing pest control, (vi) hardening seedlings and (vii) taking out of a garden. The method has the characteristics that the Chinese date seedlings can be quickly cultivated in batches and the gardening speed is high and the yield is high after the cultivated Chinese date seedlings are planted. The method is fit for cultivation for various Chinese date seedlings and is also used for cultivating other fruit saplings.

Description

A kind of indoor root connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant seedling raising technology field, particularly a kind of indoor root connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling.

Technical background

Jujube (formal name used at school: Ziziphus zizyphus) is Rhamnaceae machaka or dungarunga plant jujube tree, is also the ripening fruits of jujube tree.Originate in China, have distribution in various places, Chinese north and south.Chinese date is nutritious, the invigorating the spleen of pericarp energy, and plant the tranquilizing and allaying excitement of benevolence energy, pulp can extract vitamin C and wine brewing, and nucleocapsid can preparing active carbon, thus, deeply likes by compatriots, thus at home much place have plantation.

For a long time, jujube tree seedling mainly relies on the raw seedling breeding of root, namely utilizes jujube root easily to take root the characteristic of tiller, around jujube tree or jujube stay the raw seedling of foster root in the ranks.But with the raw seedling breeding of root, not only output of seedling is few, and will consume the nutrition of elite stand, causes tree body weak; Be not easy to select excellent strain simultaneously, strain difference is strengthened, type differentiation in kind.In the last few years, occurred the method that jujube tree hardwood cutting is bred, but survival rate was very low, seldom application in production; Root is inserted and is easily survived, but often breeding amount has again its limitation; Epicormic branch cuttage, need manage with delicacy especially, also needs certain facility.Thus, breeding of current jujube seedling, mostly adopts sowing wild jujube stock, the method that then adopts branch to transfer breeds.

Technology contents

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of can in enormous quantities, the method for quickly breeding jujube seedling, and after the jujube seed cultivated plants, become that garden is fast, output is high.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is that a kind of indoor root of invention connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling, and its cultivating process is as follows:

(i), nursery prepares:

1., nursery is selected: select the plot of convenient, sunny, the traffic convenience of irrigation and drainage as with breeding nutritive cube jujube seedling garden used;

2., nursery wholely: then by the end of December before remove garden weeds on the ground, be organized into the railway carriage or compartment that 5-7 rice is wide, and according to railway carriage or compartment ditch depth 30-50 centimetre, enclose the standard of ditch depth 50-70 centimetre, fix railway carriage or compartment ditch and enclose ditch, allowing ground, garden not ponding;

3., seedling growth greenhouse is built: build with green house of vegetables material, canopy wide 6-8 rice, canopy long 20-30 rice, ceiling are high 3 meters, and have covered canopy film, become seedling growth greenhouse;

4., Di Fen railway carriage or compartment, garden in canopy: according to width, garden in canopy is divided into three microscler little railway carriage or compartments, then, according to the standard of wide 30-50 centimetre, dark 20-40 centimetre, fix railway carriage or compartment, little railway carriage or compartment ditch, and according to the standard of an every 8-10 square metre of minitype nozzle, on ground, little railway carriage or compartment, minitype nozzle is installed;

(ii), stock Acquire and process:

Select annual, healthy and strong wild jujube seedling as rootstock seedling, many reservations taproot and lateral root when taking, main root stays 15-25cm long, and seedling is dry stays 8-12 centimeter length, and every 15-25 strain is bundled into a bundle, and is placed in indoor sand bed by its root, and trickle moisturizing is for subsequent use;

(iii), scion Acquire and process:

1., scion collection:

January December to next year then, gather in excellent, healthy and strong bearing-age tree Huo Caisui garden, diameter at 6-8mm, branch is as scion for the first time for maturity is good, sprout is full, 1-2 is raw jujube, for subsequent use;

2., scion process:

The scion of adopting back is sealed with wax immediately, and is stored in Ku Wen and is set in the refrigerated room of 5-8 DEG C, for subsequent use;

(iv), seedling grafting and nutritive cube are planted:

1., nutritive soil preparation: mix by the part by weight of leaf mould 30-50%, garden mould 40-60%, river sand 8-15%, 20-40 mesh sieve, becomes Nutrition Soil excessively, for subsequent use;

2., grafting:

Next year in first middle of the month to mid-February, carry out grafting; During grafting, the limb of rootstock seedling is all cut off, only leave collar and root system, scion stayed a bud to cut and cut, then cleft graft conveniently carries out grafting, becomes grafting, for subsequent use;

3., alms bowl is filled: select 12 × 12 model nutritive cubes, during plantation, left hand catches the foundation portion of grafting, the right hand is got Nutrition Soil and is put into nutritive cube, cover the foundation of grafting, and limit blinding, limit shake grafting, allow grafting mouth expose native face, then water once permeable, become plantation nutritive cube, for subsequent use;

(v), management in canopy:

1., canopy is entered: moved on the face, little railway carriage or compartment in seedling growth greenhouse by plantation nutritive cube, be arranged in order;

2., temperature and humidity management: before bud seedling is sprouted, in control canopy, temperature is at 30-38 DEG C, and in nutritive cube, soil moisture controls at 55-60%; After bud seedling is sprouted, keep temperature of shed at 25-30 DEG C, in nutritive cube, soil moisture controls at 40-50%;

3., water and fertilizer management: when grafting sprout is expanded, start pouring and execute strengthening seedling and rooting agent, every parcel 30 grams is watered 15 kilograms by 500 times, and every alms bowl is filled with and drenched 0.05-0.15 kilogram, fills with later drench once every 6-8 days; As height of seedling 10-15 centimetre, within every 7-10 days, fill with and drench once; When height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, start spray leaf fertilizer, spray the urea of 0.2% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of 0.2%, the amount of spraying is dripped with blade face and is limited, continuous 3-4 time, every 7-10 days once; When height of seedling 20 centimetres, spray 0.2% nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium multielement foliage fertilizer, add 700-800 times of Tianda-2116 outward again, every 7-10 days once;

4., except sprouting: when stock rudiment, break the rudiment except stock in time;

5., the extermination of disease and insect pest:

For burnt leaf disease: adopt mancozeb 600-700 times of liquid or ceftriaxone 1200-1500 times liquid or dislike mould clever 1200-1500 times of liquid, foliage-spray, sprayed once every 7-10 days;

For jujube cecidomyiia: adopt decis, often prop up one barrel of water and spray, see that worm controls worm later;

6., hardening: when grafting through vegetative period of 25-30 days and jujube head branch reaches 20-25 centimetre time, start to lift film hardening: first day lifts 1/3, within second day, lift 1/3 again, within the 3rd day, all lifted;

7., go out garden: when the grafting after hardening grows to 30-35 centimetre, become nutritive cube jujube seedling, garden can be gone out and transplant.

Indoor root of the present invention connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling, adopts wild jujube seedling as rootstock seedling, and adopts the branch of elite plant to carry out grafting jujube seedling as scion, thus, can in enormous quantities, quickly breeding jujube seedling; Meanwhile, the mode adopting root to connect, can reduce the height of stock, reduces the volume of nursery stock, thus, can cultivate at indoor application nutritive cube; In addition, owing to adopting the wild jujube seedling that grows directly from seeds as stock, and adopt fruit bearing shoot as scion, therefore after institute educates nursery stock transplanting, become garden very fast, output is higher.

Apply indoor root of the present invention and connect the jujube seedling that the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling cultivates, once carried out plantation comparative trial in Qidong County of hengyang, hunan province city, below table 1 be experimental control data:

Comparative trial data planted by table a kind

(note: the test jujube woods in upper table is substantially close with the land occupation condition, soil, liquid manure, blockclimate etc. contrasting jujube woods, seedling is same kind, the jujube seedling of test jujube woods adopts method of the present invention to cultivate, the jujube seedling of contrast jujube woods adopts conventional branch method of transferring to cultivate, and the construction of jujube woods adopts identical conventional method).

Data as can be seen from table 1, after the jujube seed adopting method of the present invention to cultivate is planted, become garden very fast, output is higher.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.Explanation is below the mode exemplified, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

The indoor root of the present embodiment connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling, and its cultivating process is as follows:

(i), nursery prepares:

1., nursery is selected: select the plot of convenient, sunny, the traffic convenience of irrigation and drainage as with breeding nutritive cube jujube seedling garden used;

2., nursery wholely: then by the end of December before remove garden weeds on the ground, be organized into the railway carriage or compartment of 6 meters wide, and according to railway carriage or compartment ditch depth 40 centimetres, the standard of enclosing ditch depth 60 centimetres, fix railway carriage or compartment ditch and enclose ditch, allow ground, garden not ponding;

3., seedling growth greenhouse builds: build with green house of vegetables material, canopy is wide 7 meters, long 30 meters of canopy, ceiling be high 3 meters, and covered canopy film, become seedling growth greenhouse;

4., Di Fen railway carriage or compartment, garden in canopy: according to width, garden in canopy is divided into three microscler little railway carriage or compartments, then, according to wide 40 centimetres, dark 30 centimetres standard, fix railway carriage or compartment, little railway carriage or compartment ditch, and according to the standard of every 9 square metres of minitype nozzles, on ground, little railway carriage or compartment, minitype nozzle is installed;

(ii), stock Acquire and process:

Select annual, healthy and strong wild jujube seedling as rootstock seedling, many reservations taproot and lateral root when taking, main root stays 20cm long, and seedling is dry stays 10 centimeter length, and every 20 strains are bundled into a bundle, and is placed in indoor sand bed by its root, and trickle moisturizing is for subsequent use;

(iii), scion Acquire and process:

1., scion collection:

January December to next year then, gather in excellent, healthy and strong bearing-age tree Huo Caisui garden, diameter at 6-8mm, branch is as scion for the first time for maturity is good, sprout is full, 1-2 is raw jujube, for subsequent use;

2., scion process:

The scion of adopting back is sealed with wax immediately, and is stored in Ku Wen and is set in the refrigerated room of 5-8 DEG C, for subsequent use;

(iv), seedling grafting and nutritive cube are planted:

1., nutritive soil preparation: mix by the part by weight of leaf mould 40%, garden mould 50%, river sand 10%, 30 mesh sieves, become Nutrition Soil excessively, for subsequent use;

2., grafting:

Next year in first middle of the month to mid-February, carry out grafting; During grafting, the limb of rootstock seedling is all cut off, only leave collar and root system, scion stayed a bud to cut and cut, then cleft graft conveniently carries out grafting, becomes grafting, for subsequent use;

3., alms bowl is filled: select 12 × 12 model nutritive cubes, during plantation, left hand catches the foundation portion of grafting, the right hand is got Nutrition Soil and is put into nutritive cube, cover the foundation of grafting, and limit blinding, limit shake grafting, allow grafting mouth expose native face, then water once permeable, become plantation nutritive cube, for subsequent use;

(v), management in canopy:

1., canopy is entered: moved on the face, little railway carriage or compartment in seedling growth greenhouse by plantation nutritive cube, be arranged in order;

2., temperature and humidity management: before bud seedling is sprouted, in control canopy, temperature is at 32-35 DEG C, and relative moisture controls at 56-58%; After bud seedling is sprouted, keep temperature of shed at 28-30 DEG C, relative moisture controls at 45-48%;

3., water and fertilizer management: when grafting sprout is expanded, start pouring and execute vernalization strengthening agent of taking root, every parcel 30 grams is watered 15 kilograms by 500 times, and pouring 0.1 kilogram filled with by every alms bowl, fills with later drench once every 7 days; As height of seedling 10-15 centimetre, within every 8 days, fill with and drench once; When height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, start spray leaf fertilizer, spray the urea of 0.2% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of 0.2%, the amount of spraying is dripped with blade face and is limited, continuous 3 times, every 9 days once; When height of seedling 20 centimetres, spray 0.2% nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium multielement foliage fertilizer, additional 750 times of Tianda-2116s, the amount of spraying is dripped with blade face and is limited, every 7-10 days once.

4., except sprouting: when stock rudiment, break the rudiment except stock in time;

5., the extermination of disease and insect pest:

For burnt leaf disease: adopt mancozeb 650 times of liquid or ceftriaxone 1400 times of liquid or dislike mould clever 1400 times of liquid, foliage-spray, sprayed once every 8 days;

For jujube cecidomyiia: adopt decis, often prop up one barrel of water and spray, see that worm controls worm later;

6., hardening: when grafting through vegetative period of 28 days and jujube head branch reaches 20 centimetres time, start to lift film hardening: first day lifts 1/3, within second day, lift 1/3 again, within the 3rd day, all lifted;

7., go out garden: when the grafting after hardening grows to 30-35 centimetre, become nutritive cube jujube seedling, garden can be gone out and transplant.

Indoor root of the present invention connects the method for cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling, is applicable to the jujube tree seedling cultivating each kind, also can be used for cultivating other fruit sapling.

Claims (1)

1. indoor root connects a method of cultivating nutritive cube jujube seedling, it is characterized in that cultivating process is as follows:

(i), nursery prepares:

1., nursery is selected: select the plot of convenient, sunny, the traffic convenience of irrigation and drainage as with breeding nutritive cube jujube seedling garden used;

2., nursery wholely: then by the end of December before remove garden weeds on the ground, be organized into the railway carriage or compartment that 5-7 rice is wide, and according to railway carriage or compartment ditch depth 30-50 centimetre, enclose the standard of ditch depth 50-70 centimetre, fix railway carriage or compartment ditch and enclose ditch, allowing ground, garden not ponding;

3., seedling growth greenhouse is built: build with green house of vegetables material, canopy wide 6-8 rice, canopy long 20-30 rice, ceiling are high 3 meters, and have covered canopy film, become seedling growth greenhouse;

4., Di Fen railway carriage or compartment, garden in canopy: according to width, garden in canopy is divided into three microscler little railway carriage or compartments, then, according to the standard of wide 30-50 centimetre, dark 20-40 centimetre, fix railway carriage or compartment, little railway carriage or compartment ditch, and according to the standard of an every 8-10 square metre of minitype nozzle, on ground, little railway carriage or compartment, minitype nozzle is installed;

(ii), stock Acquire and process:

Select annual, healthy and strong wild jujube seedling as rootstock seedling, many reservations taproot and lateral root when taking, main root stays 15-25cm long, and seedling is dry stays 8-12 centimeter length, and every 15-25 strain is bundled into a bundle, and is placed in indoor sand bed by its root, and trickle moisturizing is for subsequent use;

(iii), scion Acquire and process:

1., scion collection:

January December to next year then, gather in excellent, healthy and strong bearing-age tree Huo Caisui garden, diameter at 6-8mm, branch is as scion for the first time for maturity is good, sprout is full, 1-2 is raw jujube, for subsequent use;

2., scion process:

The scion of adopting back is sealed with wax immediately, and is stored in Ku Wen and is set in the refrigerated room of 5-8 DEG C, for subsequent use;

(iv), seedling grafting and nutritive cube are planted:

1., nutritive soil preparation: mix by the part by weight of leaf mould 30-50%, garden mould 40-60%, river sand 8-15%, 20-40 mesh sieve, becomes Nutrition Soil excessively, for subsequent use;

2., grafting:

Next year in first middle of the month to mid-February, carry out grafting; During grafting, the limb of rootstock seedling is all cut off, only leave collar and root system, scion stayed a bud to cut and cut, then cleft graft conveniently carries out grafting, becomes grafting, for subsequent use;

3., alms bowl is filled: select 12 × 12 model nutritive cubes, during plantation, left hand catches the foundation portion of grafting, the right hand is got Nutrition Soil and is put into nutritive cube, cover the foundation of grafting, and limit blinding, limit shake grafting, allow grafting mouth expose native face, then water once permeable, become plantation nutritive cube, for subsequent use;

(v), management in canopy:

1., canopy is entered: moved on the face, little railway carriage or compartment in seedling growth greenhouse by plantation nutritive cube, be arranged in order;

2., temperature and humidity management: before bud seedling is sprouted, in control canopy, temperature is at 30-38 DEG C, and in nutritive cube, soil moisture controls at 55-60%; After bud seedling is sprouted, keep temperature of shed at 25-30 DEG C, in nutritive cube, soil moisture controls at 40-50%;

3., water and fertilizer management: when grafting sprout is expanded, start pouring and execute strengthening seedling and rooting agent, every parcel 30 grams is watered 15 kilograms by 500 times, and every alms bowl is filled with and drenched 0.05-0.15 kilogram, fills with later drench once every 6-8 days; As height of seedling 10-15 centimetre, within every 7-10 days, fill with and drench once; When height of seedling more than 15 centimetres, start spray leaf fertilizer, spray the urea of 0.2% and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed liquor of 0.2%, the amount of spraying is dripped with blade face and is limited, continuous 3-4 time, every 7-10 days once; When height of seedling 20 centimetres, spray 0.2% nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium multielement foliage fertilizer, add 700-800 times of Tianda-2116 outward again, every 7-10 days once;

4., except sprouting: when stock rudiment, break the rudiment except stock in time;

5., the extermination of disease and insect pest:

For burnt leaf disease: adopt mancozeb 600-700 times of liquid or ceftriaxone 1200-1500 times liquid or dislike mould clever 1200-1500 times of liquid, foliage-spray, sprayed once every 7-10 days;

For jujube cecidomyiia: adopt decis, often prop up one barrel of water and spray, see that worm controls worm later;

6., hardening: when grafting through vegetative period of 25-30 days and jujube head branch reaches 20-25 centimetre time, start to lift film hardening: first day lifts 1/3, within second day, lift 1/3 again, within the 3rd day, all lifted;

7., go out garden: when the grafting after hardening grows to 30-35 centimetre, become nutritive cube jujube seedling, garden can be gone out and transplant.