CN1035256C - 新的多肽化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN1035256C CN1035256C CN92110868A CN92110868A CN1035256C CN 1035256 C CN1035256 C CN 1035256C CN 92110868 A CN92110868 A CN 92110868A CN 92110868 A CN92110868 A CN 92110868A CN 1035256 C CN1035256 C CN 1035256C
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Abstract
本发明公开了式A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-A5的新肽化合物的制备方法,其中A1、A2、C1、C2、C3和A5的定义详述于说明书中。当将制得的化合物施用于动物时能促进生长激素的释放。这些肽可用于医疗。
Description
本发明涉及新的多肽化合物,当将其施与动物尤其是人时,该多肽能促进生长激素的释放。另一方面,本发明涉及通过施与释放特殊的生长激素的多肽化合物来促进动物体内生长激素的释放并提高其生长激素水平的方法。
当施与能释放生长激素的化合物,则动物,例如包括人在内的哺乳动物的生长激素(GH)水平增高,能使体重增加,并增加母乳量(如果施用后GH水平能升至足够高的话)。并且人们知道可以应用已知的生长激素释放剂,例如天然存在的释放生长激素的激素来提高哺乳动物和人体内的生长激素水平。
也可应用释放生长激素肽来实现哺乳动物体内生长激素水平的提高,这些肽的某些现有技术中已有所描述,例如见美国专利
U.S.4223019,U.S.4223020,U.S.4223021,
U.S.4224316,U.S.4226857,U.S.4228155,
U.S.4228156,U.S.4228157,U.S.4228158,
U.S.4410512,U.S.4410513。
内源生长激素释放抑制剂,生长激素抑制因子(SRIF)的抗体也用来提高GH水平。在后者的例子中,内源GH-释放抑制剂(SRIF)在其到达垂体(在这里它抑制GH释放)之前将其除去,即可提高生长激素的水平。
这些引起生长激素水平提高的方法所使用的材料要合成和/或分离出足够纯度产品以适于施与动物其代价是昂贵的。制备相对便宜且具有促进生长激素释放性能的短链低分子量,相对简单的多肽是人们所期望的,因为它们易于合成且价格便宜,容易进行物理和/或化学修饰,同时易于纯化和配制,并且它们具有极好的传输性能。
尽管人们知道某些能促进血液中生长激素释放和提高其水平的短链多肽,但重要的是为了种种原因要能特制多肽,例如为了传输、生物吸收,增长滞留时间等。然而,某些位置上的氨基酸的改变对于短链肽的引起生长激素释放的能力具有显著的影响。
人们希望有能促进动物尤其是人的血液中生长激素的释放和生长激素水平的提高的不同的短链多肽。能够应用这样的多肽促进动物和人血液中生长激素的释放和/或提高生长激素的水平也是具有实用价值的。
人们也希望提供应用这样的短链多肽来促进动物血液内生长激素的释放和/或生长激素水平提高的方法。
本发明多肽用下式定义:
A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-A5,其中A1是Gly,DAla,β-Ala,His,Ser,Met,Pro,Sar,Ava,Aib,N-低级烷基氨基羧酸,N,N-双低级烷基氨基羧,吡咯羧酸或低级烷基氨基羧酸,其中低级烷基含有2~约10个直链碳原子。A1优选DAla。A2是DTrp,DβNal,D-4-Y-Phe-或5-Y-D-Trp,其中Y是OH,Cl,Br,F或H。A2优选DβNal。A5是A3-A4-A5′,A3-A5′,A4-A5′,或A5′。A5优选A5′。A3是Ala,Gly,DAla,Pro或desAla。A4是Ala,Gly,DAla,Pro,线性低级烷基氨基羧酸,或desAla,A5′是Lys(ξ-R1,R2)-Z,Orn(δ-R1,R2)-Z,NH(CH2)xN(R3,R4)。当A1不代表His时,A5′也可以是Lys-Z,Orn-Z或Arg-Z。R1代表线性低级烷基或氢原子。R2代表线性低级烷基或氢原子。当R1代表H时,R2不代表H;同样当R2代表H时,R1不代表H。R3代表线性低级烷基或氢原子。R4代表线性低级烷基或氢原子。低级烷基含有2~约10直链碳原子。Z代表NH(线性低级烷基),N(线性低级烷基)2,O-(线性低级烷基),NH2或OH,其中线性低级烷基如上定义。X是0~15。C1代表Ala。C2代表Trp,Phe或ChxAla。优选情况是C2代表Trp或Phe。更优选的是C2代表Trp,C3代表DPhe,DPal或DChxAla。C3优选DPhe。
并涉及所述多肽的任何有机或无机加成盐。多肽优选A1-A2-Ala-C2-DPhe-A5,更优选的是A1-A2-Ala-Trp-DPhe-A5。
表1系血清中人生长激素水平对时间的一系列作图。
我们发现几种能促进动物血液中生长激素的释放和生长激素水平提高的新的短链多肽。该多肽用下式定义:
A1-A2-Ala-Trp-DPhe-A5,其中
A1代表Gly,DAla,β-Ala,His,Ser,Met,Pro,Sar,Ava,Aib,咪唑乙酸,N-低级烷基氨基羧酸,N,N-双-低级烷基氨基羧酸,吡咯羧酸或低级烷基氨基羧酸,其中低级烷基含有2~约10个直链碳原子。优选情况是低级烷基含2~6直链碳原子。低级烷基可以是取代或非取代的。优选取代基是O,N或Si。优选情况是低级烷基是非取代的。优选吡咯羧酸是Nα-4-咪唑乙酸(IMA)。优选的是,A1代表Gly,DAla或His。更优选的是A1代表His或DAla。最优选的是A1代表DAla。
A2代表DTrp,DβNal,D-4-Y-Phe-或5-Y-D-Trp,其中Y代表OH,Cl,Br,F或H。优选的是A2代表DβNal,D-4-Y-Phe或5-Y-D-Trp。更优选的是A2代表DβNal。Y优选的是OH或H。
A5代表A3-A4-A5′,A3-A5′,A4-A5′或A5′。优选的是A5代表A5′。A3代表Ala,Gly,DAla,Pro或desAla。A4代表Ala,Gly,DAla,Pro,线性低级烷基氨基羧酸,或desAla,A5′代表Lys(ξ-R1,R2)-Z,Orn(δ-R1,R2)-Z,LArg(g-R5-R6)NH(CH2)xN(R3,R4)。当A1不代表His时A5′也可以是Lys-Z,Orn-Z或Arg-Z。R1代表线性低级烷基或H原子。R2代表线性低级烷基或H原子。当R1代表H时,R2不代表H;同样当R2代表H时,R1不代表H。R3代表线性低级烷基或H原子。R4代表线性低烷基或H原子。R5和R6代表线性低级烷基。低级烷基含有2~约10直链碳原子。优选的是低级烷基是2~6个直链碳原子。低级烷基可以是取代或非取代的。优选的取代基是O,N或Si。优选的低级烷基是非取代的。g代表胍基。Z代表NH(线性低级烷基),N(线性低级烷基)2,O-(线性低级烷基),NH2或OH,其中线性低级烷基如上定义.x代表2至15。x优选2至6。A5′优选的是Lys-NH2。以及有关所述多肽的有机或无机加成盐。使用的氨基酸残基缩写系按标准肽的命名原则给出:
Gly=甘氨酸
Tyr=L-酪氨酸
Ile=L-异亮氨酸
Glu=L-谷氨酸
Thr=L-苏氨酸
Phe=L-苯丙氨酸
Ala=L-丙氨酸
Lys=L-赖氨酸
Asp=L-天冬氨酸
Cys=L-半胱氨酸
Arg=L-精氨酸
Ava=氨基戊酸
Aib=氨基异丁酸
Gln=L-谷氨酰胺
Pro=L-脯氨酸
Leu=L-亮氨酸
Met=L-蛋氨酸
Ser=L-丝氨酸
Asn=L-天冬酰胺
His=L-组氨酸
Trp=L-色氨酸
Val=L-缬氨酸
DOPA=3,4-二羟基苯丙氨酸
Met(O)=蛋氨酸亚砜
Abu=α-氨基丁酸
iLys=Nε-异丙基-L-赖氨酸
4-Abu=4-氨基丁酸
Orn=L-鸟氨酸
DαNal=α-萘基-D-丙氨酸
DβNal=β-萘基-D-丙氨酸
Sar=肌氨酸
LArg=高精氨酸
Chx=环己基
ChxAla=L-环己基丙氨酸
DChxAla=D-环己基丙氨酸
IMA=Nα-咪唑乙酸
Tcc=1,2,3,4-四氢-7-肉灵
(caroline)-3-羧酸
Tic=1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-3-羧酸
Tip=4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-咪唑并
-6-羧酸
α,γABU=α,γ氨基丁酸
DPal=D-3-吡啶基丙氨酸
前面冠有“D”的所有三字母氨基酸缩写是指氨基酸残基的D构型。甘氨酸(glycine)被认为包括于“天然存在的L-氨基酸”一词中。
这些短链多肽中,在对肽促进动物血液中生长激素水平释放和/或提高的性能没有不利影响的情况下,某些位置较之其它的位置具有更大的改变容限。例如,A5位。其它位置具有较小的改变容限,例如分别以C1,C2和C3标记的中间氨基酸残基Ala,Trp DPhe。例如人们以前认为A1和A2应分别是L和D构型,而Trp和DPhe也应是L和D构型组成LDLD系列。然而我们发现LDLD序列可能是DDLD序列。因此意外发现具有式A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-A5的多肽,其中A1,A2,A5如上所定义,而C1代表Ala,C2代表Trp,Phe和ChxAla,C3代表DPhe,DPal或DChxAla的多肽能促进动物生长激素释放和/或提高动物体内生长激素水平。
优选的是C2代表Trp或Phe,更优选的是C2代表Trp。
C3优选DPhe。优选当C2代表ChxAla时,C3代表DPhe。当C3代表DPal时,Z优选OH。
在选择可用于氨基酸A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,C2和C3的碱性,中性或酸性氨基酸残基和L与D构型上增加灵活性,可对所需多肽的生化性质提供很大程度的控制。
尽管DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2和DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2具有相似的GH释放活性,但用Phe取代Trp可以增加DAla-DβNa l-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2的化学稳定性,因为Trp比Phe对氧化作用更敏感。并且用Phe取代Trp使肽更具有疏水性,如下文所述这种物理化学性质有利于口服,透皮(transdermal)和/或鼻腔吸入以及肽的配药。并且DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2和DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2的鼠细胞组胺检测中ED50(50%有效剂量)相近似,即30.5±0.5和30.8±0.3μg/ml,两者都比Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2的组氨活性高,后者是11.0±1.0μg/ml。具有较小组氨释放活性(较高ED50)的肽在临床上更有效,因为在肽注射处可产生较少有害局部反应和/或不大可能产生全身性的抗原性有害临床效果。
这种灵活性有益于制剂和传送所需肽到任何给定对象。这些改变也有利于口服吸收以及肽的新陈代谢和排泄。例如,Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2(GHRP-1)比Ala-His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-Dhe-Lys-NH2具有更有效的人体生长激素释放活性。然而口服时DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2(GHRP-2)比GHRP-1更有效。见图1,它表示药后正常男青年血清内生长激素水平随时间的变化,左图(0)是给40位受验者施用300μg/kg GHRP-1,中图(△)是给39位受验者施用600g/kg GHRP-1,右图(口)是给11位受验者施用100μg/kg GHRP-2。在这些研究中,给正常的平均年令约25的男青年服用于20ml H2O中的GHRP,然后立即服用100ml水。按图表记录取血。用放射免疫测定法检测GH。
人们也予期既然这些多肽以前所认为必须的某些位置上的芳香侧链可以消除,并且D-氨基酸残基比L-构型更具生物保护,那么较大保护作用和较小重量的某些肽可用来进一步特制具有便于鼻腔用药,口服,透皮吸收,体内稳定性等性质的多肽。
R1,R2,R3,R4和Z基团也可以改变进而提供所需化合物生化性质的外加控制。因此,能增进对特别对象和特别受体的肽的传送。
本发明实际采用的优选释放生长激素化合物是:
A1-A2-Ala-Trp-DPhe-A5′
或其任何多肽的有机或无机加成盐;其中A1,A2,和A5′如上所定义。
在一优选实施方案中,本发明实际采用的释放生长激素肽如下式:
DAla-A2-Al a-Trp-DPhe-A5′
及其有机或无机加成盐。这组化合物优选的化学式是:
DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2
DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(ε-iPr)NH2
DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2
DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH(CH2)5NH2,
NH2(CH2)5CO-Dβ-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-NH(CH2)5NH2,及其有机或无机加成盐。
这些化合物目前是最优选的,因为这些短链多肽合成费用低,并且这些特殊化合物具有很高的促进血清中生长激素水平增加的效力。
其它优选释放生长激素肽具有分子式A1-A2-Ala-Phe-DPhe-A5。这组优选化合物包括A1代表NαIMA,αγABU,DAla,His,Ala,His或αγABU,A2代表DβNal,或DPhe,A5代表LysNH2,LysNH2,ArgNH2,NH-Chx-NH2(1,4 Chx diamine),或LysEA。例如NαIMA-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DPhe-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,NαIMA-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-NH-Chx-NH2,α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-NH-Chx-NH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys EA,α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-DArgNH2,及其有机或无机加成盐。
本发明另一具体实例方案包括具有下式的多肽A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-A5,其中C1代表Ala,C2代表Trp,Phe或ChxAla,C3代表DPhe或DChxAla,A1优选DAla。A2优选DβNal。例如,DAla-DβNal-Ala-ChxAla-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DChxAla-LysNH2,和DAla-DβNal-Ala-ChxAla-DChxAla-LysNH2以及其有机或无机加成盐。
这里这些所描述的化合物一般易于合成,具有促进血清中生长激素水平增长的效果,并且适于工业规模生产和应用。另外,由于其灵活性这些化合物可具有有效传送此类化合物到各种动物种类所需的良好的生化性质,可通过于该多肽化合物的多处位点进行不同的取代,通过这些多肽化合物的C末端和中心位置的极性,中性或非极性的选择来形成这些性质,以使它们与口服,鼻腔吸入,利用特殊化学/机械传送方法的连续传送等这些所需传送方法相配伍。
这些肽可用于与生长激素有关的治疗,如医治下丘脑垂体性侏儒症,骨质疏松,烧伤,急性肾衰竭,非愈合性骨折,以及促进伤口愈合。另外可用于促进外科手术及急/慢性体衰治疗病人的恢复。改善与机体脂肪减少并发的老化过程相关的皮肤,肌肉,骨胳的合成代谢作用。还包括用这些肽治疗癌病患者,例如预防和/或减少癌症病人的恶变。通过使用医疗上有效量的肽可达到治疗效果。所需量如下面所讨论的要使人能促进血清生长激素水平释放。
本发明化合物还可用于提高动物血液GH水平,增加奶牛产乳量,促进动物例如哺乳动物(如人,羊,牛和猪)以及鱼类,家禽,其它脊椎动物和甲壳类动物的生长,增加哺乳动物毛和/或毛皮产量。机体生长增加的量与动物种类的年令和性别,所施用释放生长激素化合物的量及性质,施用方式等等有关。本发明化合物增加人体血清GH;促进身高较矮儿童的生长;减少经挑选的儿童体内脂肪并促进蛋白质的代谢;当老年人机体脂肪减少,尤其是GH缺乏时,可促进皮肤,肌肉和骨胳的蛋白代谢。
本发明化合物还可通过减少血清中血清胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白的量和增加血清中高密度脂蛋白的量来用于改善血清脂质模式。
本发明新的多肽化合物可根据常用的溶液和固相肽化学合成方法或本领域公知的经典方法合成。
对于肽酰胺,优选由肽C-末端开始的固相合成法。可制备适当起始物,如将所需的已经保护的α-氨基酸连接到氯甲基化树脂,羟甲基树脂,二苯甲基胺(BHA)树脂,或对-甲基二苯甲基胺(P-Me-BHA)树脂上。氯甲基树脂由Bio Rad实验室(Richmond,California)以商品名BIOBEADS SX-1出售。羟甲基树脂的制备参照Bodansky等人的Chem.Ind.(London)38,1597(1966)。BHA树脂参照Pietta和Marshall的Chem.Comm.,650(1970),并可从Peninsula实验室(Inc.Belmont,California)购买。
初始连接反应结束后,可选择酸化剂包括有机溶剂中的三氟乙酸(TFA)或盐酸(Hcl)溶液在室温下将α-氨基保护基去除。去除α-氨基保护基后,被保护氨基酸可按所需顺序逐步偶合。每个被保护氨基酸一般在大约3倍过量的适当羧基活化剂例如二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)或二异丙基碳化二亚胺(DIC)溶液,例如,二氯甲烷(CH2Cl2)或二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和其混合物中反应。
所需氨基酸序列完成后,用一种试剂处理例如用氟化氢(HF)将所需肽从二苯甲基胺树脂载体上解离下来,该试剂不但将肽从树脂上解离,而且将常用的侧链保护基也解离下来。当用氯甲基树脂或羟甲基树脂时,用HF处理可生成游离的肽酸。而用适当烷基胺,二烷基胺或二氨基烷解离或在高pH值下用醇进行酯化转移反应可容易地从这些肽树脂上制备肽烷基酰胺和酯。
上述讨论的固相方法在该领域是已知的,并已由Stewart和Young在“Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis”第二版(PierceChemical Co,Rockford,IL 1984)一书中所描述。
可用于合成本发明的肽部分 记载于Bodansky等人的“PeptideSynthesis”第二版中(John Wiley&Sons,纽约,N.Y.1976)。我们认为肽的合成优选包括至少两个肽片段缩合反应的液相方法。
这种方法包括肽片段X-A1-y与肽片段U-V-W的缩合,
其中除A1外所有氨基酸侧链是中性或被保护的,并且其中X是保护基。其中保护基是N-末端保护基团;Y代表A2-Q,Ala-A2-Q,A2-Ala-Q,Ala-A2-Ala-Q,A2-Ala-Trp-Q,Ala-A2-Ala-Trp-Q,Ala-Q或Q,其中当Y代表Q时,U代表J-A2-Ala-Trp,或J-Ala-A2-Ala-Trp。当Y代表Ala-Q,U代表J-A2-Ala-Trp。当Y代表A2-Q或Ala-A2-Q时,U代表J-Ala-Trp。当Y代表A2-Ala-Q或Ala-A2-A3-Q,U代表J-Trp。当Y代表A2-Ala-Trp-Q或Ala-A2-Ala-Trp-Q时,U代表J。V代表A5或Z。当V是A5时,W是Z。当V代表Z时,W不存在。A1,A2,A5和Z如本申请所定义。
Q是肽片段羧基末端,是-OR3或-M,其中M是能被含氮的亲核试剂取代的基团,R3代表H、含1至约10个碳原子的烷基,含有6至约12个碳原子的芳基或含7至约12个碳原子的芳烷基;J代表所示肽片段的氨基末端,是H或保护基团,它不阻碍偶合反应,例如苄基。
然后去除保护基。另外,也可用所生成的被保护肽进一步缩合合成更长的肽。
这种优选方法在John C.Hubbs和S.W.Parker 1990年7月24日的美国专利系列申请号558121,题目为“合成肽的方法”中有更详细的描述,该申清已在WO 9201709中公开,引入本文作为参考。
按本发明另一具体实施方案,提供了促进动物血液中生长激素水平的释放和/或提高的方法。这种促进生长激素水平释放和/或提高的方法也可用于医治上述疾病。所说方法包括给动物施用有效量的至少一种上述多肽。在一实施方案中,这种方法用于动物而不是人。
本发明化合物可口服,非肠道(肌内(i.m.),腹膜内(i.p.),静脉内(i.v.)或皮下(s.c.),注射),鼻腔,阴道,直肠或舌下施药,也可用肺内吸入法,并可按每种施药方式配制成适当的剂量形式。非肠道施药是优选的。
口服施药固体剂形包括胶囊,药片,药丸,粉末和颗粒。在这样的固态剂形中,活性化合物与至少一种惰性载体例如蔗糖,乳糖或淀粉混合。按一般情况,这种固态剂形还可包括除惰性稀释剂以外的附加物质,例如硬酯酸镁这类润滑剂。对于胶囊,片剂和药丸,该剂形还可含有缓冲剂。药片和药丸还可包有肠溶衣。
口服的液体剂形包括乳状液,溶液,悬浮液,糖浆,含有本领域常用惰性稀释剂如水的酏剂。除含惰性稀释剂外,组合物还可含有助剂例如湿润剂,乳化剂和悬浮剂,甜味剂,调味剂及香味剂。
用于非肠道施药的本发明组合物的剂包括无菌水溶液,非水溶液,悬浮液或乳状液。非水溶剂或赋形剂的例子有丙二醇,聚乙二醇,植物油例如橄榄油和玉米油,明胶,和可注射用的有机酯例如油酸乙酯。这种剂形还可含有助剂例如防腐剂,湿润剂,乳化剂和分散剂。可将其进行无菌处理,如用阻隔细菌的滤器过滤,组合物中加入灭菌剂,辐照组合物,或加热组合物。也可以使用前以无菌水介质或其它无菌可注射介质直接配制。
本发明的新化合物也可与释放生长激素激素(即天然存在的释放生长激素激素及其类似物和功能等同物)结合施用,也可与其它促进生长激素释放的化合物例如释放生长激素肽(见本申请引为参考的美国专利No.4880778)结合施用。此结合代表施用本发明释放生长激素肽的特别优选的方法,因为这种结合使用促进生长激素释放的程度大于预期的结合物中每个成分单独使用的应答相加的结果,即这种结合相对于单一成份来说提供了一种协同效应。在上文提及的专利中进一步详细描述了释放生长激素肽的结合施药。这些协同化合物优选的是那些对释放生长激素激素受体有激发作用或对释放生长激素的抑制因子有抑制作用的化合物。协同体系可以是二元的,即本发明化合物和其中一种协同化合物,或含有两种以上协同化合物。
引起动物例如人的血液中生长激素水平释放和提高的有效结合包括有效量的选自本发明权利要求中的多肽及至少一种下组物质:组1中多肽,或组2中多肽,其中组1中的多肽选自天然存在的释放生长激素激素及其功能等同物,其中所述多肽作用于哺乳动物和其它脊椎动物,甲壳类动物的释放生长激素激素受体。
组2多肽选自具有下式结构的任何多肽: Tyr-DArg-Phe-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-NH2;Tyr-DArg(NO2)-Phe-NH2;Tyr-DMet(O)-Phe-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-NH2Tyr-DArg-Phe-Gly-NH2;Tyr-DThr-Phe-Gly-NH2;Phe-DArg-Phe-Gly-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Gly-Phe-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Gly-Trp-NH2;Tyr-DArg(NO2)-Phe-Gly-NH2;Tyr-DMet(O)-Phe-Gly-NH2(NMe)Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Gly-ol;Tyr-DArg-Gly-(NMe)Phe-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-olTyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-olTyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-Tyr-NH2;Tyr-DAla-(NMe)Phe-Gly-Met(O)-ol;Tyr-DArg-(NMe)Phe-Gly-Met(O)-ol;Gly-Tyr-DArg-Phe-Gly-NH2;Tyr-DThr-Gly-Phe-Thz-NH2;Gly-Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-ol;Tyr-DAla-Gly-(NMe)Phe-Gly-ol;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Gly-(NMe)Phe-NH2;Sar-Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-NH2;Tyr-DCys-Phe-Gly-DCys-NH2(环二硫化物);Tyr-DCys-Phe-Gly-DCys-NH2(游离二硫醇);Tyr-DCys-Gly-Pha-DCys-NH2(环二硫化物);Tyr-DCys-Gly-Phe-DCys-NH2(游离二硫醇);Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-Phe-Pro-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Hyp-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-Tyr-Hyp-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DAla-Phe-Sar-Phe-Hyp-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Hyp-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Sar-Tyr-Hyp-Ser-NH2;Tyr-DArg-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH2;以及
组2所述多肽的有机或无机加成盐;所述结合施药的比例要使得该结合物能有效地引起动物血液中生长激素释放和提高的协同效果。
在一优选实施方案中,结合施用本发明肽和组1、组2中的化合物。
施用本发明多肽或多肽结合物的量取决于诸多因素,例如所治疗的具体动物,其年令及性别,所期望的医疗效果,施药途径及所使用的多肽或多肽结合物本身。然而在所有的例子中,均采用能促进接受实验的动物血液中生长激素水平释放和提高的剂量有效量(医疗上的有效量)。一般其剂量范围为每kg体重总的多肽的量为约0.1μg至10mg之间。根据本发明公开的内容,本领域熟练技术人员可根据经验确定优选剂量。
例如,对于人来说,当施药方式是静脉内注射时,优选剂量范围是每kg体重总的多肽量为约0.1μg至10μg,更优选的是每kg体重总的多肽量约为0.5μg至5μg,最优选的是每Kg体重约0.7μg至约3.0μg。当使用释放生长激素肽结合物时,可使用本申请叙述的肽的较低剂量。例如将本发明肽与例如组1中美国专利4880778中的GHRH协同化合物结合使用,本发明化合物优选剂量范围为每kg体重约0.1μg至约5μg,而协同化合物(如GHRH)约0.5μg至约15.0μg,更优选范围是每kg体重约0.1μg至约3μg本发明化合物结合约1.0μg至约3.0μg协同化合物。
当口服施药时,一般需较大剂量。例如给人口服,一般为每kg体重约30μg至约1200μg多肽,较优选为每kg体重约70μg至约600μg多肽,更进一步优选的是每Kg体重总的多肽量为约200μg至约600μg。奶牛和猪所需剂量与人大约相似,而小鼠则需要较大剂量。根据本发明公开的内容准确剂量可容易地根据经验确定。
通常如上文所述,由于结合物的协同效果,为达到相似效果施用释放生长激素肽结合物时,所述采用的各个释放生长激素化合物的剂量相对于单独使用各个释放生长激素化合物时需要的剂量水平要低。
本发明还包括含有一种上述多肽的有机或无机加成盐及其结合物作为活性成份,并任意结合载体,稀释剂,缓释基质或肠衣的组合物。
本发明范围内精心考虑的释放生长激素化合物及其结合物的有机或无机加成盐包括如下有机基团的盐:醋酸盐,三氟乙酸盐,草酸盐,戊酸盐,油酸盐,月桂酸盐,苯甲酸盐,乳酸盐,甲苯磺酸盐,柠檬酸盐,马来酸盐,富马酸盐,琥珀酸盐,酒石酸盐,萘二甲酸盐等等;含以下无机基团的盐:第一族(即碱金属盐),第二族(即碱土金属盐),铵盐和鱼精蛋白盐,锌,铁等等,其反离子为氯,溴,硫酸限,磷酸根等等,以及如上所述的有机基团。
对人施用时,精心优选的是药物上可接受的盐。这些盐包括医药工业通用的无毒碱金属,碱土金属和铵盐,包括钠,钾,锂,钙,镁,钡,铵和鱼精蛋白盐,由本领域公知方法制备。该术语也包括通常将本发明的化合物与适当的有机或无机酸反应制备的无毒酸加成盐。有代表性的盐包括盐酸盐,氢溴酸盐,硫酸盐,硫酸氢盐,醋酸盐,草酸盐,戊酸盐,油酸盐,月桂酸盐,硼酸盐,苯甲酸盐,乳酸盐,磷酸盐,甲苯磺酸盐,柠檬酸盐,马来酸盐,富马酸盐,琥珀酸盐,酒石酸盐,萘二甲酸盐等等。
本发明将由下面非限定性实施例进一步描述。实施例1释放生长激素多肽的合成
将对甲基二苯甲基胺盐酸盐(-pMe-BHA·Hcl)树脂置于商业上出售的自动肽合成仪上的反应容器中。用游离胺取代树脂使其装载量多至每克约5mmoles。用适当活化剂,例如N,N′-二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC),由肽序列的羧基末端开始将单个氨基酸联接起来制备所需化合物。单个氨基酸的α氨基被保护,例如以叔丁氧羰基(t-Boc)所保护,活性支链功能基的保护如表1所概括。表1固相肽合成中适当的支链保护基团
精氨酸: N8-甲苯磺酰基
天冬氨酸: O-苄基
半胱氨酸: S-对-甲基苄基
谷氨酸: O-苄基
组氨酸: N1m-甲苯磺酰基
赖氨酸: Nε-2,4-二氯苄氧羰基
蛋氨酸: S-亚砜
丝氨酸: O-苄基
苏氨酸: O-苄基
色氨酸: Nin-甲酰基
酪氨酸: O-2,6-二氯苄基
在初始氨基酸结合之前,用二氯甲烷(CH2Cl2;约每gm树脂10ml)搅拌树脂三次(每次大约一分钟),用二氯甲烷中的N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)(10∶90;每gm树脂约10ml)搅拌三次(每次约2分钟)中和,并且再用二氯甲烷(每gm树脂约10ml)搅拌三次(每次约一分钟)。在适量二氯甲烷中,用预制的对称酐将起始氨基酸和随后的各个氨基酸连接到树脂上,所用树脂的反应能力是适当放保护氨基酸的6.0倍,所用树脂链合能力是DIC的2.0倍。对于在二氯甲烷中溶解性低的氨基酸,可加入二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)以形成均匀溶液。一般情况下,在室温或更低温度下,在加入反应器前约30分钟制备对称酐。通过将溶液滤入反应器的重力过滤作用,将制备对称酐中形成的二环己基脲去除。氨基酸与树脂偶合反应的进程一般通过试剂的显色试验例如茚三酮 (与伯胺和仲胺反应)进行监测。被保护氨基酸与树脂的偶合反应完全后(>99%),用酸性试剂处理去除α氨基保护基。常用试剂由三氟乙酸(TFA)的二氯甲烷溶液(33∶66)组成。
当所需的氨基酸序列完成后,用例如氟化氢(HF)这类试剂处理将所需肽从树脂载体上解离下来,氟化氢不仅从树脂上切下肽同时也去除常用支链保护基。使用BHA或P-Me-BHA树脂时,HF处理的结果直接得到游离的肽酰胺。当使用氨基酸-Merrifield树脂时,用适当胺处理,可解离得到游离的肽烷基酰胺(在这种情况下,使用Boc-Nε-FMOC-Lys,可同时去除FMOC基团)。
各单个氨基酸残基固载到树脂上的整个程序列于表2。
表2单个氨基酸固载到树脂上的方法试剂 搅拌次数 搅拌时间1.二氯甲烷 3 1分钟2.TFA-二氯甲烷 1 2分钟
(33∶66)3.TFA-二氯甲烷 1 20分钟
(33∶66)4.二氯甲烷 3 1分钟5.DIEA,DMF 2 2分钟
(10∶90)6.二氯甲烷 3 1分钟7.Boc氨基酸/DIC 1 15~120分钟8.二氯甲烷 3 1分钟
10.监测偶联反应进程 **
11.每个氨基酸重复1~12步骤* 偶联时间视每种氨基酸而定。** 偶联程度通常用显色试验监测,如果偶联不完全,相同的氨基酸可用不同的方法再偶合,例如用HOBt活性酯。如果偶联完全,下一个氨基酸再被偶合。
用这种方法制备表3,4,5和6中的化合物。
实施例2鼠体内GH释放试验
由查尔斯河实验室(Charles River Laboratories,Wilmington,MA)得到Sprague-Dawley雌性幼鼠。买到后将其置于25℃的室中适应,光照∶黑暗为14∶10小时循环。水和Purina鼠食随意喂给。幼鼠要与母鼠生活至21天龄。
26天龄的小鼠每六只分作一组,静脉注射肽之前20分钟用50mg/kg戊巴比妥进行腹膜内麻醉。含有0.1%明胶的普通生理盐水作为多肽静脉注射(i.v.)的赋形剂。按表3所示量给重55~65克的经麻醉小鼠静脉注射释放生长激素化合物。颈静脉注射以0.1ml溶液进行。
最后注射试验后(见表3)十分钟,用手术刀杀死所有动物,杀死后收集躯干血测定血液GH水平。血液凝固后,离心分离将血清从凝块中分离出。在按下述程序用放射免疫测定法(RIA)测定生长激素水平之前一直将血清样品保持冷冻,所用方法是关节炎,糖尿病和消化与肾疾病国家研究所(NIADDK)加以改进的方法。
在冷藏箱温度下(约4℃)一般按下列顺序将各试剂一份份加入RIA分析管中:
(a)缓冲剂,
(b)欲分析的冷(即非放射性的)标准或未知血清样品,
(c)放射性碘标记的生长激素抗原,
(d)生长激素抗血清
通常加入试剂按这样的标准,以便最后得到约1∶30000(抗血清比总的液体体积,Vol∶Vol)的RIA试管稀释物。
在加入能链合并引起复合生长激素抗血清沉淀的第二种抗体(如山羊或兔的抗猿γ球蛋白血清)之前,一般在室温下(约25℃)将混合试剂保温24小时。RIA试管沉淀含量用γ闪烁计数器在一特定时间范围内分析计数。将放射性计数对生长激素(GH)水平作图制得标准曲线。参照标准曲线可测出未知的GH水平。
血清GH用RIA测定,所用试剂由National Hormone andPituitary项目提供。
表3中血清水平的单位记为ng/ml,按照0.61国际单位/mg(IU/mg)的鼠GH标准。数据以平均值+/-平均标准误差记录(SEN)。统计分析是用Student′s t-实验进行。表3是六只小鼠研究的平均值。
表3经戊巴比妥麻醉的鼠体内由释放生长激素化合物促进的GH释放
(最后注射后10分钟杀死动物)A栏 总剂量α 对照血清 释放GH血清释放GH肽 GH ng/ml GH ng/ml
(μg/iv) ±SEM(N=6) +SEM(N=6)Ala-His-DβNal- .1 337±51 610±90Ala-rrp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 b.3 337±51 1140±187
1.0 337±51 2909±257
3.0 337±51 3686±436His-DTrp-Ala-Trp- .1 131±43 540±148DPhe-Lys-NH2 b .3 131±43 751±88
1.0 131±43 1790±252
3.0 131±43 2481±209DAla-DβNal-Ala- .1 337±51 1381±222Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .3 337±51 2831±304
1.0 337±51 2886±179
3.0 337±51 3678±287Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 167±46 363±73
1.0 167±46 1450±294
3.0 167±46 2072±208
10.0 167±46 2698±369DAla-LβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 263±45
.3 160±151 315±85
1.0 160±151 426±41DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 111±24 526±86
.3 111±24 1608±204
1.0 111±24 2820±346
3.0 111±24 2437±214Ala-DβNal-Ala-NMeTrP-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 167±46 144±20
0.3 167±46 258±28
1.0 167±46 261±24
3.0 167±46 277±85D-Leu-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 160±51 256±94
.3 160±51 452±49
1.0 160±51 355±94D-Trp-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 160±51 226±61
.3 160±51 245±27
1.0 150±51 437±62Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 b .3 160±51 1418±302
1.0 160±51 2201±269His-DTrp-Ala-TrpDphe-Lys-NH2 b .1 140±10 200±40
.3 140±10 505±50
1.0 140±10 1640±215DAsn-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 228±23 122±38
.3 228±23 195±21
1.0 228±23 197±47DHis-DβNal-Ala-rrp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 228±23 386±81
.3 228±23 605±82
1.0 228±23 930±96DLys-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 228±23 262±31
.3 228±23 340±86
1.0 228±23 335±56DSer-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .1 228±23 226±11
.3 228±23 171±48
1.0 228±23 212±43Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 b .3 228±23 1746±318
1.0 228±23 2610±176Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .3 160±36 1237±249
1.0 160±36 2325±46
3.0 160±36 2694±370
10.0 160±36 3454±159Ser-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .3 160±36 227±39
1.0 160±36 595±112
3.0 150±36 1303±281
10.0 160±36 2919±320Met-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .3 160±36 181±48
1.0 160±36 226±58
3.0 160±36 316±66
10.0 160±36 1010±236Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2b 0.1 160±36 822±243
0.3 160±36 1594±292
1.0 160±36 2180±284Gln-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 131±43 124±15
1.0 131±43 340± 66
3.0 131±43 476±109
10.0 131±43 673±228Pro-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 135±32 264±31
1.0 135±32 513±123
3.0 135±32 1690±103Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 215±33 1301±260
1.0 215±33 2211±146
3.0 215±33 2364±365NβAcetyl-Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 262±53* 268±21*
1.0 262±53* 599±219*
3.0 262±53* 626±210*Sar-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 262±53* 908±264*
1.0 262±53* 1681±262*
3.0 262±53* 2600±316*DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 215±33 436±98
1.0 215±33 660±151
3.0 215±33 726±274NαAcetyl-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 262±53* 339±17*
1.0 262±53* 430±136*
3.0 262±53* 634±118*NαIsopropyl-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 262±53* 541±179*
1.0 262±53* 972±247*
3.0 262±53* 1636±371*Nαdiethyl-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 127±32* 462±132*
1.0 127±32* 899±160*
3.0 127±32* 1786±373*Nαe hyl-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 135±32 531±80
1.0 135±32 1156±250
3.0 135±32 2664±225Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 135±32 1387±352
1.0 135±32 1958±353
3.0 135±32 2605±97βAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 135±32 1937±343
1.0 135±32 3603±645
3.0 135±32 4000±500Ava-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.3 135±32 2469±185
1.0 135±32 4034±680
3.0 135±32 3142±392Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NHCH2CH2NH2 0.3 208±148* 211±27*
1.0 208±148* 468±127*
3.0 208±148* 877±325*
30.0 208±148* 2325±477*Ala-LβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 0.3 208±148* 284±132*
1.0 208±148* 527±166*
3.0 208±148* 816±289*
30.0 208±148* 3650±772*D-Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NHCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2NH2 0.3 111±24 180±37
1.0 111±24 686±135
3.0 111±24 1490±179
10.0 111±24 2248±70Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-OMe 0.3 208±148* 211±48*
1.0 208±148* 157±35*
3.0 208±148* 492±147*
30.0 208±148* 554±127*D-Ala-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.1 111±24 526±36
0.3 111±24 1608±204
1.0 111±24 2820±346
3.0 111±24 2437±214Aib-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.1 208±148* 269±58*
0.3 208±148* 331±108*
1.0 208±148* 368±133*
3.0 208±148* 1090±176*D-Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(iPr)-NH2 0.1 215±49 608±115
0.3 215±49 1753±419
1.0 215±49 1817±297
3.0 215±49 2336±196* 溶解于DMSO** 溶解于氨基戊酸(Ava)a 这样标识的剂量施与29天龄的雌性小鼠。b 对照GHRP′S
在表3中,将本发明化合物与本发明通式以外的化合物相比较,可看出以最好形式服用本发明化合物的鼠促进血液中释放和提高了生长激素水平。本发明优选化合物出人意料的生长激素释放活性是非常有价值的,因为其链短,分子量低并具相当稳定性且在其氨基末端为价格便宜的氨基酸D-丙氨酸,同时用戊二胺取代C-末端的Lys也证明是提高动物和人生长激素水平的一种低成本方法。
实施例3口服施药后小鼠体内GH释放
重复实施例2的方法,只不过用胃管给小鼠施用指定剂量化合物。表4列出给小鼠施用的化合物,剂量及结果。
表4戊巴比妥麻醉的鼠体内由释放生长激素化合物促进的GH释放(胃管施用肽后在不同时间将鼠杀死)
血清GH ng/ml
±SEM(N=6 at:)A栏 总剂量 血清GH ng/ml 15′
±SEM (20′)释放GH肽 (mg/kg) (N=6) (30′)Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 a 10 247±32 786±244
30 247±32 1914±294DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 10* 247±32 116±298
30** 247±32 2038±444Ava-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 30 322±145* 2135±586*Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 30 247±32 1072±137His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 a 30 247±32 1810±437Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 a 10 196±49(15′) 1421±363
147±30(20) 1605±621(20′)
133±18(30′) 752±81(30′)DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 10 196±49(15′) 706±133(15′)
147±30(20′) 1062±254(20′)Gly-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 10 196±49(15′) 957±188(15′)
147±30(20′) 1685±524(20′)His-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lysa 10 196±49(15′) 1131±189(15′)
147±30(20′) 686±149(20′)βAla-DβNal-AlaTrp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 10 196*49(15′) 1202±429(15′)
147±30(20′) 1217±239(20′)Ava-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 10 196±49(15′) 1407±204(15′)
147±30(20′) 1251±351(20′)* 悬浮液(稀*或稠**)-加乙酸a对照多肽
给小鼠口服施药后,本发明化合物保持有益的GH释放活性水平。因为这种施药方法加强了该肽的医疗用途,这是很有价值的。实施例4小鼠体内GH释放实验重复实施例2的方法,施用化合物,剂量和结果列于表5和表6。
表5戊巴比妥麻醉后的鼠体内由释放生长激素合成肽促进的GH释放(最后注射后10分钟杀死动物)A栏 总剂量 对照血清 释放GH血清
GH ng/ml GH ng/ml释放GH肽 (μg/iv) ±SEM(N=6) +SEM(N=6)DAla-DβNal- 0.30 216±27 340±38AlaTrp-DPhe-NH2 1.00 216±27 1205±335
3.00 216±27 1703±182
10.00 216±27 2741±484DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-NH2 0.30 216±27 611±68
1.00 216±27 929±209
3.00 216±27 1765±320′
10.00 216±27 2644±358Lys-DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 216±27 216±40
0.30 216±27 269±31
1.00 216±27 432±143
3.00 216±27 771±134DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH-Chx-NH2 0.03 216±27 517±135
0.10 216±27 1078±174
0.30 216±27 1831±436
1.00 216±27 3120±761DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DAla-Lys-NH2 0.10 187±36 220±34
0.30 187±36 167±48
1.00 187±36 339±61
3.00 187±36 778±174
10.00 187±36 1676±470
30.00 187±36 1791±384DAla-DβNal-Ala- 0.03 153±27 409±97Trp-DPhe-LysNH2 0.10 153±27 1469±152
0.30 153±27 2322±265
1.00 153±27 2765±352DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-NH(CH2)5NH2 0.03 177±45 542±98
0.10 177±45 932±84
0.30 177±45 1121±212
1.00 177±45 2599±144NαIMA-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2 0.03 192±41 696±108
0.10 192±41 1049±198
0.30 192±41 2567±419
1.00 192±41 2001±341DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-Dphe-NH-Chx-NH2 0.10 192±41 846±105
0.30 192r41 1886±493
1.00 192±41 2209±187
3.00 192±41 3359±433DAla-Tcc-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.30 93±22 149±20
3.00 93±22 142±35DAla-Gly-Gly-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.30 93±22 107±14
3.00 93±22 89±15DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 93±22 230±23
0.10 93±22 1006±204
0.30 93±22 2110±260
1.00 93±22 1825±328DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DTic-Lys-NH2 0.03 93±22 141±26
0.10 93±22 156±62
0.30 93±22 124±31
1.00 93±22 151±24DAla-DβNal-Ala-Tr7-DPhe-Lys-OH 0.10 93±22 558±162
0.30 93±22 1730±306DAla-DβNal-Ala-Tcc-DPhe-Lys-NH2 3.00 145±17 537±43
10.00 145±17 746±92DβNa l-Gly-Gly-Trp-Dphe-Lys-NH2 3.00 145±17 417±37
10.00 145±17 397±114DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPal-Lys-NH2 0.10 145±17 365±42
0.30 145±17 584±148DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPal-Lys-OH 0.10 145±17 928±184
0.30 145±17 1782±2413Me-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 87±11 122±11
0.10 87±11 185±27
0.30 87±11 101±12
0.10 87±11 112±133Me-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 87±11 134±28
0.10 87±11 159±30
0.30 87±11 78±19
1.00 87±11 134±27Tip-Ala-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 87±11 168±27
0.30 87±11 167±28
1.00 87±11 152±74
3.00 87±11 272±63DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 247±53 870±136
0.10 247±53 1440±267
0.30 247±53 2420±456
1.00 247±53 2855±347
3.00 247±53 3421±377DAla-DTcc-A1a-Trp-Dphe-Lys-NH2 0.10 247±53 165±26
0.30 247±53 183±9
1.00 247±53 207±38
3.00 247±53 153±22
10.00 247±53 269±47Ava-Trp-DTrp-Lys-NH2 0.10 247±53 153±30
0.30 247±53 144±14
1.00 247±53 117±9
3.00 247±53 205±59
10.00 247±53 214±48DALa-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPal-Lys-NH2 0.03 228±48 203±20
0.10 228±48 772±142
0.30 228±48 979±182
1.00 228±48 1691±139
3.00 228±48 3249±526Tyr-DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 228±48 164±52
0.10 228±48 247±51
0.30 228±48 196±39
1.00 228±48 329±57
3.00 228±48 878±170Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 228±48 894±112
0.30 228±48 1128±274
1.00 228±48 1362±198DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-OH 0.03 228±48 300±82
0.10 228±48 585±141
0.30 228±48 1202±236
1.00 228±48 2610±355DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-NMe-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 167±29 123±17
0.10 167±29 132±30
0.30 167±29 232±49
1.00 167±29 233±41His-Trp-ALa-Trp-Phe-Lys-NH2 1.00 167±29 125±24
3.00 167±29 201±19
10.00 167±29 130±25
30.00 167±29 182±36Ava-DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 167±29 209±33
0.10 167±29 144±42
0.30 167±29 185±47
1.00 167±29 499±110βAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 167±29 489±71
0.10 167±29 1112±194
0.30 167±29 1993±259
1.00 167±29 3061±238DAla-DβNal-Gly-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 121±14 226±26
0.30 121±14 170±31
1.00 121±14 414±101
3.00 121±14 713±126DAla-DβNal-G1y-Gly-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 121±14 95±15
0.30 121±14 82±16
1.00 121±14 177±43
3.00 121±14 223±58Asp-DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 121±14 210±53
0.10 121±14 322±48
0.30 121±14 557±181
1.00 121±14 821±173DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-Dphe-NH-Chx-NH2 0.03 121±14 335±106
0.10 121±14 652±129
0.30 121±14 1528±252
1.00 121±14 2410±370DAla-DβNal-DAla-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 200±45 166±36
0.30 200±45 197±33
1.00 200±45 343±73
3.00 200±45 531±121DAla-DβNaI-Ala-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.10 200±45 147±21
0.30 200±45 184±45
1.00 200±45 206±66
3.00 200±45 143±9DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH-Chx-NH2 0.10 200±45 1246±189
0.30 200±45 1616±250
1.00 200±45 2574±467
3.00 200±45 2789±130DAla-DβNal-Ala- 0.03 200±45 608±140Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.30 200±45 920±225
1.00 200±45 1755±291
3.00 200±45 2527±196DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-Pr0-Lys-NH2 0.03 157±40 113±14
1.00 157±40 136±40
3.00 157±40 195±35
10.00 157±40 226±42DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPro-Lys-NH2 0.30 157±40 234±36
1.00 157±40 358±48
3.00 157±40 576±77
10.00 157±40 1624±241DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DLeu-Lys-NH2 0.30 157±40 202±27
1.00 157±40 165±12
3.00 157±40 307±51
10.00 157±40 1591±568Ava-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2 0.03 157±40 768±191
0.10 157±40 1277±61
0.30 157±40 1733±254
1.00 157±40 2418±162
表6戊巴比妥麻醉后鼠体内由释放生长激素合成肽促进的GH释放
(最后注射10分钟后杀死动物)
A栏 总剂量 对照血清 释放GH血清
GH ng/ml GH ng/ml释放GH肽 (μg/iv) ±SEM(N=6) +SEM(N=6)DAla-DβNal-Ala- 0.03 186±34 412±84Trp-DPhe-iLysNH2 0.10 186±34 630±124
0.30 186±34 1877±195
1.00 186±34 3008±417DAla-DβNal-Ala-homoPhe-DPhe-LysNH2 0.03 93±13 214±71
0.10 93±13 214±58
0.30 93±13 406±121
1.00 93±13 1189±120DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-1,3-diaminopropane 0.03 93±13 444±60
0.10 93±13 517±109
0.30 93±13 2341±479
1.00 93±13 2468±276DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2 0.03 93±13 362±64
0.10 93±13 800±192
0.30 93±13 2674±486
1.00 93±13 3658±610DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-1,6, 0.03 85±16 395±91hexyldiamine 0.10 85±16 905±113
0.30 85±16 735±166
1.00 85±16 2708±310IMA-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-1,3, 0.03 85±16 566±157diaminoPropane 0.10 85±16 645±167
0.30 85±16 1428±271
1.00 85±16 2972±365DA1a-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-ArgNH2 0.03 125±12 252±29
0.10 125±12 645±90
0.30 125±12 1180±318
1.00 125±12 2197±285Arg-DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-ArgNH2 0.10 125±12 155±43
0.30 125±12 247±70
1.00 125±12 276±16IMA-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-1,6 0.03 125±12 332±59hexyldiamine 0.10 125±12 609±165
0.30 125±12 1939±232
1.00 125±12 1996±372DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-LysNH2 0.30 160±33 187±44
1.00 160±33 257±18
3.00 160±33 198±31
10.00 160±33 193±33
30.00 160±33 236±23DAla-DβNal-Ala-TrpNH2 0.30 160±33 115±22
1.00 160±33 107±23
3.00 160±33 101±13
10.00 160±33 199±40
30.00 160±33 232±69DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-NH(CH2)5NH2 0.03 160±33 517±89
0 10 160±33 1164±255
0.30 160±33 2023±242
1.00 160±33 3441±435DAla-DβNal-Ala-TrpPro-LysNH2 0.30 157±40 113±14
1.00 157±40 136±40
3.00 157±40 195±35
10.00 157±40 226±42DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPro-LysNH2 0.30 157±40 234±36
1.00 157±40 358±48
3.00 157±40 576±77
10.00 157±40 1624±241DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DLeu-LysNH2 0.30 157±40 202±27
1.00 117±165 165±12
3.00 157±40 307±51
10.00 157±40 1591±568Ava-DβNal-Ala-TrPDPhe-LysNH2 0.03 157±40 768±191
0.10 157±40 1277±61
0.30 157±40 1733±254
1.00 157±40 2418±162α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2 0.03 108±20 621±85
0.10 108±20 1230±317
0.30 108±20 2385±182
1.00 108±20 3011±380DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-HisNH2 0.03 108±20 246±22
0.10 108±20 199±34
0.30 108±20 370±67
1.00 108±20 1419±230DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2 0.03 108±20 366±81
0.10 108±20 1011±175
0.30 108±20 2361±233
1.00 108±20 3057±472DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-NH-Chx-NH2 0.10 108±20 151±35
0.30 108±20 251±43
1.00 108±20 227±55
3.00 108±20 349±72DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-0rnNH2 0.03 200±33 515±92
0.10 200±33 787±71
0.30 200±33 1288±365
1.00 200±33 1888±615DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DHis-LysNH2 0.03 200±33 287±48
0.10 200±33 131±37
0.30 200±33 337±78
1.00 200±33 457±124
表5和表6表明具有本发明化学式的化合物与该化学式以外的化合物相比能大幅度促进血液中生长激素的释放和提高生长激素水平。
实施例5
人体内GH释放
给平均年龄25岁的正常男性试验者口服肽Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2(GHRP-1)或DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys-NH2(GHRP-2)。40例先服用20ml水的300μg/kg GHRP-1,再只服100ml水,39例服用20ml水中的600μg/kg GHRP-1,再服用100ml水,11例服用20ml水中的100μg/kg GHRP-2,再服用100ml水。按图1所示时间间隔取血样,按实施例2中的方法用放射免疫测定法测定样品的生长激素水平。结果列于图1。口服100μg/kg GHRP-2的生长激素水平高于口服300μg/kg GHRP-1。
实施例6
鼠体内GH释放
重复实施例2的方法,只不过用皮下注射肽代替静脉注射,杀鼠时间是+15分钟而不是+10分钟。所施与的化合物,剂量水平和结果见表7。
表7A栏 总剂量 对照血清 释放GH血清
GH ng/ml GH ng/ml释放GH肽 (μg/sc) ±SEM(N=6) +SEM(N=6)IMA-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .03 147±21 181±36
.10 147±21 399±40
.30 147±21 808±187
1.00 147±21 2394±475αγABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .03 147±21 192±29
.10 147±21 288±62
.30 147±21 461±90
1.00 147±21 1441±203IMA-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Ala-1,5-Penradiamine .03 147±21 475±96
.10 147±21 916±169
.30 147±21 1118±243
1.00 14±721 2660±599His-DβNal-Ala-PheDPhe-Lys-NH2 .03 217±33 317±55
.10 217±33 348±65
.30 217±33 1283±258
1.00 217±33 1374±107Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .03 217±33 341±35
.10 217±33 516±118
.30 217±33 1060±151
1.00 217±33 1467±208γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys-NH2 .03 217±33 197±31
.10 217±33 182±20
.30 217±33 524±116
1.00 217±33 1127±110DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys- .03 217±33 287±62NH2 .10 217±33 1084±162
.30 217±33 1982±345
1.00 217±33 2887±275
实施例7
肽片段缩合反应生成肽一般方法
用Thomas Hoover毛细管熔点测定器测定熔点。用Perkin-Elmer Model 137或Nicolet Model 5 DX分光光度计记录红外光谱(IR),并报告波数(cm-1)。用VG Analytical Ltd.Mode1ZAB-lF质谱仪以EI(电子碰撞),FD(场解吸)或FAB(快速原子轰击)模式测定质谱(MS)。用氦作载气,装有30m DB5毛细柱(J& W Scientific)的Finnigan 4023 GCMS测得GCMS数据。用Rudolph研究所制备的Autopol III旋光仪测定旋光度。
用JEOL GX-400NMR仪在400MHz处或用JEOL GX-270NMR仪在270MHz处测定1H NMR谱。这些仪器常规数字分辨能力小于0.7Hz。化学位移参比内标物3-(三甲基甲硅烷基)-四氘丙酸钠(TSP)以百万分之几表示。
用由L-5000梯度控制器,655A泵并连接Vydac 201 TP1010或218 TP1010半制备柱组成的Hitachi系统进行高效液相色谱分析(HPLC)。含有0.2%三氟乙酸的水溶液与甲醇的混合物可作洗脱溶剂。一般情况下,有用的化合物洗脱速度是每分钟6ml,有机成份梯度增长为大约每分钟1~2%。在适当波长下用LKB 2140二极管阵列U.V.检测仪检测化合物。用Nelson Analytical软件(Version 3.6)积分。
除特别指明外,反应在氮气或氩气的情性环境下进行。由Burdick和Jackson购得无水四氢呋喃(THF,U.V.级)和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),直接开瓶使用。
A.三肽片段的制备一NH2-Trp-DPhe-Lys(Boc)-NH2N-苄氧羰基-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸酰胺,4.
向10℃的羰基二咪唑(CDI,2,88.24g,0.544mol)和无水四氢呋喃(TMF,1500ml)溶液中缓慢加入Nα-苄氧羰基-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸(1,180g,0.474mol)加入过程中观察有气体放出。当生成Nξ-苄氧羰基-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸咪唑酰胺(imidazolide)中间体3时,配制氨和THF(2000ml)饱和溶液(在5~10℃下,无水NH3气通入THF)。当中间体3生成反应完全后(当气体不再逸出,大约2小时),将含有3的THF溶液的一半加至氨溶液中。30分钟后再加入剩余的含有3的溶液。加入过程中一直通入氨气,加完后再持续通气45分钟。两次加入含3溶液时生成白色沉淀。将反应升至室温并搅拌15小时。真空去除浆状物中的溶剂。残留物于水中形成浆液,真空抽滤得固体产品。Nξ-t-丁氧羰基-赖氨酸酰胺,5
氩气氛中将赖氨酸酰胺4(181.48g,0.479mol)甲醇(MeOH,1000ml)溶液加至250ml甲醇中5%Pd/C(5g)的催化剂浆状物中。向反应混合物中以气泡方式通入氢气(约15分钟),在氢气氛下搅拌反应体系,直至HPLC分析表明反应完全为止(36小时)。然后将氢气换为氩气。通过Celite_垫澄清反应溶液,真空除去溶剂得固体产物。Nα-苄氧羰基-D-苯基丙氨酰-(Nξ-t -丁氧羰基)赖氨酸-酰胺、8
向10℃的CDI(2,66.03g,0.409mol)的THF(500ml)溶液中缓慢加入Nα-苄氧羰基-D-苯基丙氨酸(6,126.39g,0.423mol)。加入时有气体逸出。当气体不再逸出时,加入赖氨酸酰胺5(110.75g,0.452mol)的THF(500ml)溶液。大约48小时后,过滤混合物去除固体,真空浓缩滤液。
所得残余物溶于乙酸乙酯(EtOAc,500ml),然后按如下步骤在分液漏斗中洗涤:
1.用Hcl水溶液(1N3×500ml)洗一次pH约为8,随后洗至pH为1,
2.水(500ml),
3,Na2CO3水溶液(1/2饱和,2×500ml),过滤收集生成的晶体(8),
4.水(3×500ml)。
用MgSO4干燥有机层。澄清后真空除去溶剂。所得残余物用热乙酸乙酯重结晶得到第二个样品8。D-苯基丙氨酰-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸-酰胺、9
将酰胺8(120.53g,0.229mol),的甲醇(1500ml)溶液加至200ml甲醇中5%Pd/C(50g)的催化剂浆状物中。用氢气代替氩气氛,当HPLC分析表明反应完全时(约4小时),用氩气代替氢气。通过Celite_垫澄清反应溶液,滤液真空蒸发得残留物。该二肽产物可直接用于制备三肽12。Nα-苄氧羰基-色氨酰-D-苯基丙氨酰-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸酰胺12
将10℃的Nα-苄氧羰基-色氨酰(10,67.60g,0.200mol),THF(500ml),和CDI(2,33.05g,0.204mol)溶液搅拌至气体不再逸出。然后向反应混合物加入9(40.8g,0.103mol)的TMF(约200ml)溶液。继续反应15小时同时升至室温。真空抽滤收集生成的固体,滤液经真空浓缩得残留物。将所得残留物和固体在微热下溶于EtOAc(4000ml)中。将溶液冷却至室温,生成固体。真空抽滤收集固体。固体用热甲醇重结晶得纯三肽12。在分液漏斗中按如下步骤洗涤EtOAc滤液(由第一次结晶得到的):
1.盐酸水溶液(1N,2×500ml),
2.水(1×500ml),
3.Na2CO3水溶液(1/2饱和,2×500ml),
4.NaCl水溶液(1×500ml)。
用MgSO4干燥有机层,然后真空抽滤将之澄清。真空去除滤液中的溶剂。所得残留物再次溶于EtOAc,得到干燥固体。该固体可用热甲醇重结晶得12第二茬产品为白色固体。色氨酰-D-苯基丙氨酰-(Nξ-t-丁氧羰基)赖氨酸酰胺13.
在氩气氛下,向250ml甲醇中5%Pd/c(5g)催化剂淤浆中加入三肽12(64.59g,0.091mol)的甲醇(1500ml)溶液。再加入另外2250ml甲醇。用氢气代替氩气进行反应(大约24小时)。反应完全后,用氩气代替氢气。通过Celite_垫过滤溶液使澄清滤液,真空浓缩得到白色固体三肽13。B.三肽片段-K-DAla-Dβ-Nal-Ala-OMe的制备N α-苄氧羰基-D-丙氨酰-D-β-萘基丙氨酸甲酯,25
用饱和碳酸钠(400ml)和0.8N氢氧化纳水溶液(大约500ml)洗涤盐酸D-β-萘基丙氨酸甲酯(22,0.62mol)和EtOAC(400ml)的溶液。除去得到的水相(pH8.5),有机相依次用半饱和Na2CO3水溶液(150ml)和水(50ml)洗涤。真空浓缩乙酸乙酯层后,22的游离碱析出。
将二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC,约95克,0.46mol)加至-5℃(冰乙醇浴)的Nα-苄氧羰基-D-丙氨酸(19,143.5g,0.50mol),N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(HONSu,23,0.62mol)和新制22游离碱形式(约0.52mol)的DMF(约3L)的溶液中。将所得反应液搅拌24小时同时升至室温。用HPLC分析监测反应是否完全。如果未反应完,则将反应溶液降至约-5℃,再向反应体系加入一份二环己基碳化二亚胺(约0.17mol)。将反应混合物再搅拌24小时同时升至室温。将反应混合物过滤去除二环己基脲(DCU)。向滤液中加入1L水,真空浓缩所得溶液。将残留物溶于1N盐酸水溶液中(约1L,直至水溶液相pH达到1)。水相用乙酸乙酯萃取两次(每次1L)。去除乙酸乙酯层。加入冷的2N氢氧化钠(500ml)和氢氧化钠固体以调节水相的pH值。中和过程中,加入冷的乙酸乙酯(1L)使溶液保持低温。当水相pH大约达到7时,产生大量白色固体沉淀或油状物。真空抽滤或倾析收集沉淀物,并依次用半饱和碳酸钠(2×1500ml),水(6×1500ml)和乙酸乙酯(3×1500ml)洗涤。高真空下于燥所得产物至恒重,这种产物可不用进一步纯化而直接水解。Nα-苄氧羰基-D-丙氨酰-β-萘基-D-丙氨酸,26.
向二肽25(约0.38mol),水(360ml)和MeOH(约6L)溶液中加入氢氧化钠水溶液(192ml,0.08g/ml溶液,0.38mol)。室温下搅拌溶液至水解完全(约24小时)。用HPLC分析确认初始肽消失。真空浓缩溶液,所得残余物溶于水(约1L)中。在分液漏斗中用EtOAC(2×500ml)萃取水相(pH约10)。弃去乙酸乙酯层。用浓盐酸将所得水相的pH值调至大约5,此时通常出现白色固体沉淀或油状物。收集并真空干燥产品。Nα-苄氧羰基-D-丙氨酰-D-β-萘基丙氨酰-丙氨酸甲酯,20.
氩气氛下,向HONSu(23,0.505mol)的DMF(800ml)溶液中加入二肽Nα-苄氧羰基-D-丙氨酰-D-β-萘基丙氨酸(26,0.253mol)。向此溶液中加入盐酸丙氨酸甲酯(15,0.303mol),N-甲基吗啉(16,0.303mo l)和DMF(200ml)的混合物。将此溶液冷却至10℃,此时加入273ml二氯甲烷中的二环己基碳化二亚胺(24,0.265mol)。反应保持在10℃,用HPLC监测至反应完全。如果几天后(约4天),反应仍未完全,则再加入24(0.080mol),继续在10℃下将反应混合物搅拌一天。反应再用HPLC监测至反应完全(一般约5天)。真空抽滤收集反应中生成的固体。真空浓缩滤液得残留物。所得残留物溶于乙酸乙酯,并用半饱和的Na2CO3水溶液萃取(2×500ml)。乙酸乙酯相用MgSO4干燥,澄清所得溶液并真空浓缩得残余物。
将2N氢氧化钠水溶液(7.5ml,15mol)加至含有Nα-苄氧羰基-DAla-DβNal-Ala-OMe(13.7mmol)的甲醇(500ml)和水(200ml)的溶液中。室温下搅拌反应过夜后,HPLC分析表示初始原料的保留量。当反应基本完全后(约过夜),真空浓缩所得溶液至约200ml体积。加入100ml水并用2N氢氧化钠(1ml)将pH调至约12。用乙酸乙酯萃取(2×500ml)所得溶液。弃去乙酸乙酯层。用HCl水溶液将水相pH值调至约5,通常产生产物沉淀。将水相体积减至最小以促进沉淀生成是重要的。将水相从产物中倾析出,并用水洗涤(2×50ml)产物。分离出的产品真空干燥至恒重。C.由肽片段生成六肽的缩合反应
将两种肽DAla-DβNal-Ala-OH(33,2.6mmol)和Trp-D-Phe-Lys(Boc)-NH2(13,2.8mmol)溶于无水DMF中,真空浓缩此溶液。这种初步浓缩是为了去除可能存在的痕量甲醇。然后将肽混合物再溶于DMF中,并加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺(5.1mmol)。将此溶液冷却至-2℃,并加入二环己基碳化二亚胺(3.4mmol)的二氯甲烷(3.5ml)溶液。将反应混合物在-2℃搅拌三天。用HPLC分析监测反应是否基本完全。反应这段时间后如果未反应完,则再加入二环己基碳化二亚胺,并在-2℃下再搅拌反应混合物一天。如果再过一天(共四天)HPLC分析显示反应仍未完全,则停止冷却反应物。将反应溶液温度在数小时内缓慢升至室温(25℃)(大约用8小时)。在室温下将反应混合物搅拌过夜。重复这一操作直至反应完全。然后向反应混合物中加入水(50ml),并将生成的混合物再搅拌一天。过滤反应液去除二环己基脲,得到的滤液真空浓缩得粘稠油状物。向残余物中加入乙酸乙酯和半饱和碳酸钠水溶液(200ml)。用旋转蒸发器将两相混合物剧烈振荡约1小时。用Scintered玻璃漏斗过滤收集生成的固体物质而得到产物。用水洗涤有机相并真空干燥至恒重得产品。DAla-D-βNal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2,35,
向具有室温的三氟乙酸(30ml),二甲硫(14ml),1,2乙硫二醇(7ml),苯甲醚(22ml)的二氯甲烷(15ml)溶液中加入六肽化合物苄氧羰基-DAla-D-βNal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-(Boc)-NH2(34,1.02mmol)。将均匀的反应混合物搅拌15分钟。然后加入无水乙醚(450ml)得到具有生物活性的肽产物35的粗产品沉淀。在Scintered玻璃漏斗中过滤或倾析分离产物。将产品溶于水中并冷冻干燥。冷冻干燥产品可进一步用装有LichroprepTM RP-18柱填料(C-18,25~40nm,不规则目)的26×460mm玻璃柱中压色谱纯化。当注射肽的水溶液后,用0~25%甲醇浅梯度以每分钟9ml的洗脱速度洗脱5~20小时。然后用25~55%甲醇梯度洗脱约48小时。然后甲醇浓度梯度以每小时2%的速度增加。洗脱时,溶剂混合物的其余部分是含0.2%三氟乙酸的水。用HPLC鉴定产品(35),浓缩适当的洗脱体积而分离出产物。
至此用优选的实施例已具体描述了本发明的细节,而对本领域熟练技术人员来说,在本发明精神和范围内考虑本发明公开的内容作出各种改变和修饰是有价值的。
Claims (17)
1.制备式A1-A2-C1-C2-C3-A5化合物或其有机或无机加成盐的方法,其中
A1代表Gly,DAla,β-Ala,His,Ser,Met,Pro,Sar,Ava,Aib,-N-低级烷基氨基羧基,N-N-双-低级烷基氨基羧酸,吡咯羧酸或低级烷基氨基羧酸,其中低级烷基含有2-约10个直链碳原子;
A2代表DTrp或DβNal;
A5代表A4-A5′或A5′,其中
A4代表Ala,Gly,DAla,Pro,线性低级烷基氨基羧酸,或desAla;而
A5′代表Lys(ξ-R1,R2)-Z,Om(δ-R1,R2)-Z,NH(CH2)XN(R3,R4),并当A1不代表His时,A5′还可代表Lys-Z,Om-Z或Arg-Z;其中R1是线性低级烷基或H原子;R2代表线性低级烷基或H原子;但当R1代表H时R2不为H;而当R2代表H时,R1不为H;R3代表线性低线烷基或H原子,R4代表线性低级烷基或H原子;Z代表NH(线性低级烷基),N(线性低级烷基)2,O-(线性低级烷基),NH2或OH,其中线性低级烷基的定义同低级烷基基团烷基;X是2~15;
C1代表Ala;
C2代表Trp,Phe或ChxAla;
C3代表DPhe,DPal或DchxAla,该方法包括将上述氨基酸或氨基酸衍生物偶合成该化合物。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A1代表Gly,DAla,或His。
3.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A1代表DAla。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A2代表DTrp。
5.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A2代表DβNal。
6.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A5代表A4-A5′。
7.根据权利要求1,2,3,4或5的方法,其中制得的化合物中的A5代表A5′。
8.根据权利要求1,2,3,4或5的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C2代表Trp或Phe。
9.根据权利要求1,2,3,4或5的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C3代表DPhe。
10.根据权利要求7的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C3代表DPhe。
11.根据权利要求8的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C3代表DPhe。
12.根据权利要求8的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C2代表Trp。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其中制得的化合物中的C3代表DPhe。
14.根据权利要求1的方法,其中制得的化合物是如下分子式所示的化合物:DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(ε-iPr)NH2,DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(ε-iPr)NH2,DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH(CH2)5NH2,NH2(CH2)5CO-Dβ-Nal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH(CH2)5NH2,NαIMA-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,Ala-His-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-Lys EA,α,γABU-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DPhe-DArgNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-ChxAla-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Phe-DChxAla-LysNH2,或DAla-DβNal-Ala-ChxAla-DChxAlA-LysNH2以及有机或无机加成盐。
15.根据权利要求7的方法,其中制得的化合物是如下分子式所示的化合物:DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(εiPr)NH2,DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-Lys(εiPr)NH2,DAla-DTrp-Ala-Trp-DPhe-LysNH2,DAla-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH(CH2)5NH2,或NH2(CH2)5CO-DβNal-Ala-Trp-DPhe-NH(CH2)5NH2
16.根据权利要求1的化合物制备方法,其中包括肽片段缩合反应生成该化合物。
17.根据权利要求1的化合物制备方法,其中包括所述氨基酸或氨基酸衍生物的固相合成。
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US07/748,350 US5663146A (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1991-08-22 | Polypeptide analogues having growth hormone releasing activity |
US07/932,494 US5776901A (en) | 1991-08-22 | 1992-08-20 | Polypeptide analogues having growth hormone releasing activity |
US932,494 | 1992-08-20 |
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