CN102318758B - Artificial feedstuff for thyestillagebleri larvae, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Artificial feedstuff for thyestillagebleri larvae, and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102318758B
CN102318758B CN2011102380270A CN201110238027A CN102318758B CN 102318758 B CN102318758 B CN 102318758B CN 2011102380270 A CN2011102380270 A CN 2011102380270A CN 201110238027 A CN201110238027 A CN 201110238027A CN 102318758 B CN102318758 B CN 102318758B
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larva
made feeds
artificial
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CN102318758A (en
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李升�
庞建明
肖方叔
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Tianjin Beilin Xinyuan environmental engineering Limited by Share Ltd
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TIANJIN BEILIN XINYUAN GREENING ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses an artificial breeding and generation method for thyestillagebleri, and an artificial feedstuff for the thyestillagebleri larvae. The method comprises the following steps: placing a single mature thyestillagebleri larva in a test tube at a temperature of 20-30 DEG C and relative humidity of 60-80%; after pupating and emerging, carrying out pairing for the imago, then placing the paired imagoes in a container provided with piemarker stems to carry out copulation and oviposition; carrying out disinfection for eggs; placing the hatched larvae in a container filled with the artificial feedstuff to breed until the larvae mature, wherein the artificial feedstuff in the container is replaced for a plurality of times. A formula of the artificial feedstuff comprises, by weight, 5-20% of corn flour, 5-20% of soybean powder, 3-10% of maggot powder, 3-10% of sugar, 3-7% of agar, 0.1-1% of Vc, 0.1-1% of a preservative and 50-70% of water. According to the present invention, the thyestillagebleri is bred through the method provided by the present invention, the diapause of the larvae is not generated, the developmental duration is substantially shortened; the feedstuff does not contain the host component; the main components are easy to obtain; the production method has characteristics of simple process, low cost and no seasonal restriction, and is applicable for large-scale indoor breeding.

Description

The perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer man-made feeds and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the prescription and the preparation method of the perpendicular hair longicorn artificial feeding of a kind of fiber crops and method that goes down to posterity and larva artificial feed thereof.
Background technology
Cerambycidae (Cerambycidae) insect is under the jurisdiction of coleoptera (Coleoptera), mainly with larva cause harm trees and fiber crops, bamboo and part flowers.Its larva lives in tree limb inside; Disguised strong; Host plant shows when obviously being injured shape often by serious harm, is one of at present serious forestry insect pest of China, just the three Norths shelter-forest project has been caused crushing blow like anoplophora glabripennis; Monochamus alternatus has caused serious harm as the communication media of pine wood nematode to China coniferous forest.
Be difficult to play prevention effect because roundheaded borer, sprays chemical pesticide at inside plants, and have very high environmental risk, use artificial control's cost huge, and because the trees that are injured are often very high, poor operability.A lot of scholars study its method of preventing and treating to the characteristics that longicorn is caused harm in plant with larva, at present, the most environmental protection and effectively preventing method be utilize Guan Shi swell the leg honeybee ( Scleroderma guaniXiao et Wu), Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao ( Scleroderma sichuanensisXiao) and dastarcus helophoroides ( Dastarcus helophoroidesEtc. (Fairmaire)) parasite is prevented and treated longicorn, wherein uses the most generally with the swollen leg honeybee of Guan Shi, and has formulated " swollen leg honeybee artificial breeding of Guan Shi and application technology rules ", and the artificial feeding technology of dastarcus helophoroides is mature on the whole.
The method correlation technique is raised and prevented and treated to the parasite of longicorn class pest; The patent of having applied for at present has: the parasitic control of the swollen leg honeybee of the Guan Shi of longicorn; (200410007192.5), the artificial propagation of mallambyx raddei dastarcus helophoroides and the technology that is applied to prevent and treat mountain longicorn, application number (200810105887.5); The artificial propagation grain is takeed on the longicorn dastarcus helophoroides and is prevented and treated rust grain shoulder longicorn technology; Application number (200810113232.2), artificial propagation informal voucher longicorn dastarcus helophoroides and be used to prevent and treat clouding informal voucher longicorn technology, application number (200810222846.4) or the like.But owing to obtain difficulty as the roundheaded borer of parasite raw materials for production; Cost is too high; Use the first-class conduct of bloom to substitute the host and can cause the filial generation natural enemy to descend, so the large-scale production parasite fails to realize always for search, the parasitic effects of longicorn insect.To this situation, a lot of researchers are studied the artificial feeding of roundheaded borer, and that has applied for a patent at present has: Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method and larva artificial feed thereof, application number (200710062972.3); The artificial cultivating method of eyebrow spot wedge longicorn, application number (200610018277.2); Artificial feed for tubular breeding longhorn beetle larva and method for breeding thereof, application number (200610017862.0); The propagation in scale of semanotus bifasciatus and the application in biological control of insect pests, application number (02125397.8); Be used for feed of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus and preparation method thereof, application number (201010518092.4); The larva artificial feed that mainly comprises in the above patent is:
Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method and larva artificial feed thereof: wheat bran; Legumin; Webster salt; Sucrose; Cellulose; 37% formaldehyde; Nipalgin; Ascorbic acid; Cobalamin; Agar; Yeast; Choline Chloride; Water.
Artificial feed for tubular breeding longhorn beetle larva and method for breeding thereof: agar 3-9 part, edible vegetable oil 2-5 part, 10% acetate 1-3 part; 75% alcohol 2-4 part, food is with anticorrisive agent 1-3 part, cellulose 2-8 part; B B-complex 1-4 part, vitamin C 0.2-0.6 part, wheat bran 40-80 part; Dusty yeast 2-8 part, water 100-300 part.
Be used for feed of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus and preparation method thereof: pine tree wood chip, sucrose, dusty yeast, agar, sodium benzoate, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, H 2SO 4, wheat germ powder, cholesterol, ascorbic acid, casein, Choline Chloride, water.
The man-made feeds of its mesophryon spot wedge longicorn and Monochamus alternatus Hope have bibliographical information; " the man-made feeds Primary Study of eyebrow spot wedge longicorn ", Huang Hua, Lu Wen, farming spring etc., Guangxi plant protection, 2007,20 (1): 9-11; " the man-made feeds Primary Study of Monochamus alternatus Hope ", Chen Minghua, Zhou Zuji, Xiong Qiang etc., Sichuan forestry science and technology, 2008,29 (6): 63-65 or the like.
The perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn ( Thyestillagebleri(Falderman)) another name hemp longicorn beetle, hemo longicorn beetle etc. are widely distributed in each hemp of the whole nation, piemarker cultivation area, and provinces such as North China, northeast, the Inner Mongol, Gansu fiber crops district is injured heavily.Host plant is mainly hemp, piemarker, ramie, cotton etc., pierces in the straw moth food stem or imago feeding fiber crops leaf, tender head with larva, influences numb strain and grows and be prone to and be blown over by the wind, and influences yield and quality.
The morphological feature of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn: the long 13~18mm of female one-tenth polypide, male worm 9~13mm, modest, look darker.All pitchies, close living canescence fine hair.The lateral margin of pronotary both sides and center line, elytrum and seam edge all have white line, and shape is like sunflower seed.The male worm feeler is longer than body slightly, and female worm feeler slightly is shorter than body, every joint base portion canescence.Shirtfront drum shape is stingless.Ovum is about 1.8mm, wide about 0.9mm, long avette, the surface is honeycomb, first milky, after become yellowish-brown or brown.Long 15~the 20mm of larva body, milky, little, the mouthpart bronzing, the shirtfront is big, " protruding " font line that backboard is made up of the brown granule.The body back of the body saves each joint of afterbody from the 4th all has paired circular projection, and dorsal line is obvious.About the long 16mm of pupa, wide 6mm, yellow-white.Belly respectively saves nearly trailing edge has red seta.
The perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn biological characteristics: a generation took place in 1 year in hemo longicorn beetle, survived the winter in killed numb strain root with mature larva.Early April in next year begins to cause harm, and 5-6 is pupated between the month, and pupa turned into adult through 15 days, and mating is laid eggs thereupon, and the ovum fecund is at stem or the tender place of middle part children.Adult stings earlier next splayed scar on stem, produce 1 ovum therein then, whenever femalely produces 40, and ovum is approximately through the hatching of 1 week, and mid or late June gets into ovum and contains and incubate the phase, gets into larva July to harvest time and causes harm the phase.Newly hatched larvae is earlier at the subcutaneous food of getting, and the back moth of casting off a skin is gone into marrow, eats into downwards gradually to root, and larva survives the winter with worm excrement and viscous secretion shutoff channel, also has the part larva in hemp stalk, to survive the winter.
Select the perpendicular hair of a research fiber crops longicorn artificial breeding technology to be based on: at first this kind uses the parasite of its larva breeding as a day bovine insect, can not occur degenerating for the search parasitic ability of open-air longicorn insect.Secondly, this kind belongs to small-sized longicorn, and its mature larva body is about and is 20mm, is suitable for natural enemy parasitisms such as the swollen leg honeybee of Guan Shi.At last, this kind be as the grass kind of dwelling, and it is shorter to compare the wood longicorn kind of dwelling its history of life, is fit to factory farming.After the perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer realizes that mass artificial is bred; Can sufficient amount and stay-in-grade natural host be provided for propagation in scale natural enemy and related science research work; Quickening natural enemy biological industry chain forms; Promote carrying out of trunk borer biological control work, serve China's forestry, agricultural and field, urban look gardens.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to overcome the field and gathers that the perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer output is unstable, quantity is unstable and gather and receive the shortcoming of season limit, and the perpendicular hair of a kind of fiber crops roundheaded borer man-made feeds are provided.
Second purpose of the present invention has been to disclose the preparation method of numb perpendicular hair roundheaded borer man-made feeds.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention has been to disclose the method that numb perpendicular hair roundheaded borer man-made feeds are raised and gone down to posterity.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The perpendicular hair of a kind of fiber crops roundheaded borer man-made feeds is characterized in that it is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage:
Corn flour 5-20%, soy meal 5-20%;
Fly maggot powder 3-10%, sugared 3-10%;
Agar 3-7%, Vc0.1-1%;
Anticorrisive agent 0.1-1%, water 50-70%;
Wherein said soy meal is: soy meal, dregs of beans, soya-bean cake or soybean protein; Fly maggot powder is fly maggot powder, degreasing fly maggot powder or fly-maggot protein; Sugar is glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, wood sugar, lactose or galactolipin; Anticorrisive agent is list or diacetic acid and salt, propionic acid and salt thereof, benzoic acid and salt thereof, sorbic acid and salt thereof, dehydroacetic acid and salt thereof or p-hydroxybenzoate.
The perpendicular hair of fiber crops of the present invention roundheaded borer man-made feeds, Monoacetate wherein is potassium acetate, sodium acetate, calcium acetate; Propionate is potassium propionate, sodium propionate, calcium propionate; Diacetate is diacetic acid potassium, sodium Diacetate, diacetic acid calcium; Benzoate is Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate, calcium benzoate; Sorbate is potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate, calcium sorbate; Dehydroacetic acid salt is dehydroacetic acid potassium, sodium dehydroacetate, dehydroacetic acid calcium; P-hydroxybenzoate is methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate, propylparaben, butyl p-hydroxybenzoate.
The present invention further discloses the preparation method of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer man-made feeds, it is characterized in that: agar is added in the entry boil, dissolve fully to agar; Add fly maggot powder, sugar, Vc and anticorrisive agent, stir; Add corn flour and soy meal, stir; Put into pot and steamed 30-45 minute, divide the raising container of packing into then, it is subsequent use to treat to put into refrigerator after its cooled and solidified.
The present invention also discloses the method that numb perpendicular hair roundheaded borer man-made feeds are raised and gone down to posterity, and it is characterized in that: the perpendicular hair of a fiber crops longicorn mature larva single head is put in the test tube, places 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 20-30 days, it is pupated; Pupa continues to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 10-20 days, makes its emergence; The adult that sprouts wings is continued to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 5-10 days, treat after its sclerosis fully the adult pairing is put into the container that the piemarker anesthesia stem is housed and let its pangamy lay eggs; Strip worm's ovum from the piemarker stalk, working concentration is that 37% formalin carried out disinfection in stifling 30-60 minute; Every ovum is put into container separately, place 20-30 ℃, its hatching of 10-15 angel under the RH 50-80% condition; The larva of hatching is put into the container that man-made feeds are housed separately, place 20-30 ℃, raise under the RH 50-80% condition; Per 2 weeks take out larva from original container, put into the container that fresh feed is housed and continue to raise; Change feed 3-7 time in the whole feeding process, larva can be aging.The perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer feed formula (percetage by weight): corn flour 5-20%, soy meal 5-20%, fly maggot powder 3-10%, sugared 3-10%, agar 3-7%, Vc0.1-1%, anticorrisive agent 0.1-1%, water 50-70%.
The perpendicular hair of fiber crops disclosed by the invention roundheaded borer man-made feeds are compared the good effect that is had with prior art and are:
(1) can realize the numb indoor feeding that erects the hair longicorn, avoid the existing various uncertainties of the open-air raising and the wild stocks of gathering, can guarantee to raise quality and yield.
(2) the perpendicular hair of a fiber crops roundheaded borer that uses this method to raise can pass through duration of diapause, and development duration greatly shortens, and the larvae development of getting anthropophagy worker's feed is gone through the phase and further shortened than the larva of getting the food piemarker, can realize annual raising 2-3 generation.
(3) the present invention is this kind insect unique larva artificial feed prescription at present, and key component all is a natural products, and sale is all arranged on the market; And do not contain host's composition; The restriction that can break away from the seasonal growth of host has been removed from and has been gathered the manufacturing process of pulverizing host plant, and manufacturing process is simple; With low cost, be fit to the indoor use of breeding on a large scale.
(4) the present invention can realize the batch production production of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn, for the batch production production of natural enemy provides necessary raw material, as the foundation stone of trunk borer biological control industrial chain, promotes the formation and development of China's trunk borer biological control industry.
The specific embodiment:
For simple and purpose clearly, the omission that hereinafter is appropriate the description of known technology, in order to avoid those unnecessary details influences are to the description of present technique scheme.Below in conjunction with instance the present invention is done further explanation.Each raw material that is adopted in the composition is by commercially available.Umber wherein both can be a milliliter, rose; Also can be gram or kilogram, still can be weight, the simultaneous situation of volume, specifically selects according to the needs of producing.
Embodiment 1:
(1) man-made feeds component
Corn flour 20%, soy meal 5%, degreasing fly maggot powder 10%, glucose 3%, agar 5%, Vc 1%, potassium sorbate 0.5%, water 55.5%.
(2) concrete compound method:
Agar added in the entry boil, dissolve fully to agar; Add degreasing fly maggot powder, glucose, Vc and potassium sorbate, stir; Add corn flour and soy meal, stir; Put into pot and steamed 30-45 minute, divide the raising container of packing into then, it is subsequent use to put into refrigerator.
(3) method for breeding of feed and result
The method of 1) raising:
The perpendicular hair of a fiber crops longicorn mature larva single head is put in the test tube, places 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 20-30 days, it is pupated; Pupa continues to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 10-20 days, makes its emergence; The adult that sprouts wings continues to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 5-10 days, treats after its sclerosis fully the adult pairing is put into the container that the piemarker anesthesia stem is housed and let its pangamy lay eggs; Strip worm's ovum from the piemarker stalk, working concentration is that the formalin of 10-40% carried out disinfection in stifling 30-60 minute; Every ovum is put into container separately, place 20-30 ℃, its hatching of 10-15 angel under the RH 50-80% condition; The larva of hatching is put into the container that man-made feeds are housed separately, place 20-30 ℃, RH 60-80% condition is raised, and per 2 weeks take out larva from original container, puts into the container that fresh feed is housed and continues to raise; Change feed 3-7 time in the whole feeding process, larva can be aging.
2) raise the result:
With this example formulations preparation man-made feeds, raise 200 of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn newly hatched larvaes, whole larval phase, changed feed 5 times; 138 larvae pupations, percentage of pupation 69.0%, larva is on average gone through 137 days phases; 108 pupas are sprouted wings eclosion rate 91.5%, 51 of wherein female worms; 1978 on common property ovum average every is femalely laid eggs 37.9.
Embodiment 2
(1) man-made feeds component
Corn flour 15%, dregs of beans 10%, fly-maggot protein 10%, sucrose 10%, agar 3%, Vc 1%, Sodium Benzoate 1%, water 50.9%.
(2) concrete compound method:
With embodiment 1.
(3) method for breeding of feed and result
The method of 1) raising:
With embodiment 1.
2) result who raises:
With present embodiment formulated man-made feeds, raise 200 of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn newly hatched larvaes, whole larval phase, changed feed 5 times; 153 larvae pupations, percentage of pupation 76.5%, larva is on average gone through 125 days phases; 125 pupas are sprouted wings eclosion rate 81.5%, 64 of wherein female worms; 2232 on common property ovum average every is femalely laid eggs 34.9.
Embodiment 3
(1) man-made feeds component
Corn flour 10%, soybean protein 5%, full-cream fly maggot powder 7%, maltose 3%, agar 7%, Vc 0.1%, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate 0.1%, water 67.8%.
(2) concrete compound method:
With embodiment 1.
(3) method for breeding of feed and result
The method of 1) raising:
With embodiment 1.
2) result who raises:
With present embodiment formulated man-made feeds, raise 200 of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn newly hatched larvaes, whole larval phase, changed feed 5 times; 142 larvae pupations, percentage of pupation 71.0%, larva is on average gone through 146 days phases; 123 pupas are sprouted wings eclosion rate 86.6%, 68 of wherein female worms; 2272 on common property ovum average every is femalely laid eggs 33.4.
Embodiment 4
(1) man-made feeds component
Corn flour 5%, soya-bean cake 20%, full-cream fly maggot powder 10%, fructose 7%, agar 7%, Vc 0.5%, sodium propionate 0.1%, water 50.4%.
(2) concrete compound method:
With embodiment 1.
(3) method for breeding of feed and result
The method of 1) raising:
With embodiment 1.
2) result who raises:
With present embodiment formulated man-made feeds, raise 200 of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn newly hatched larvaes, whole larval phase, changed feed 5 times; 163 larvae pupations, percentage of pupation 81.5%, larva is on average gone through 113 days phases; 146 pupas are sprouted wings eclosion rate 89.6%, 88 of wherein female worms; 2448 on common property ovum average every is femalely laid eggs 27.8.
Embodiment 5
(1) man-made feeds component
Corn flour 5%, soya-bean cake 15%, degreasing fly maggot powder 3%, lactose 10%, agar 3%, Vc 0.5%, sodium Diacetate 0.5%, water 63%.
(2) concrete compound method:
With embodiment 1.
(3) method for breeding of feed and result
The method of 1) raising:
With embodiment 1.
2) result who raises:
With present embodiment formulated man-made feeds, raise 200 of the perpendicular hair of fiber crops longicorn newly hatched larvaes, whole larval phase, changed feed 5 times; 141 larvae pupations, percentage of pupation 70.5%, larva is on average gone through 134 days phases; 129 pupas are sprouted wings eclosion rate 91.5%, 67 of wherein female worms; 2325 on common property ovum average every is femalely laid eggs 34.7.
The conclusion of embodiment (1-5):
The presentation of results that feed is raised: the perpendicular hair of the fiber crops longicorn of using man-made feeds according to the invention and method for breeding to raise, the percentage of pupation of its larva all is higher than 69%, and development duration all is less than 145 days; Accomplish a generation and shorten 150 days (there is diapause in open-air population, accomplishes a generation generally need 300 days) than open-air population at most, can realize generation raising more than a year; Feeding cost is low; Do not receive season limit, output larva quality has guaranteed to continue the perpendicular hair of a large amount of supply high-quality fiber crops roundheaded borer than homogeneous.

Claims (4)

1. the perpendicular hair of fiber crops roundheaded borer man-made feeds is characterized in that it is made up of the raw material of following weight percentage:
Corn flour 5-20%, soy meal 5-20%;
Fly maggot powder 3-10%, sugared 3-10%;
Agar 3-7%, Vc0.1-1%;
Anticorrisive agent 0.1-1%, water 50-70%;
Wherein said sugar is glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, wood sugar, lactose or galactolipin; Anticorrisive agent is list or diacetic acid and salt, propionic acid and salt thereof, benzoic acid and salt thereof, sorbic acid and salt thereof, dehydroacetic acid and salt thereof or p-hydroxybenzoate.
2. the described fiber crops of claim 1 are erected hair roundheaded borer man-made feeds, and Monoacetate wherein is potassium acetate, sodium acetate or calcium acetate; Propionate is potassium propionate, sodium propionate or calcium propionate; Diacetate is diacetic acid potassium, sodium Diacetate or diacetic acid calcium; Benzoate is Sodium Benzoate, Potassium Benzoate or calcium benzoate; Sorbate is potassium sorbate, sodium sorbate or calcium sorbate; Dehydroacetic acid salt is dehydroacetic acid potassium, sodium dehydroacetate or dehydroacetic acid calcium; P-hydroxybenzoate is methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl-para-hydroxybenzoate, propylparaben or butyl p-hydroxybenzoate.
3. the preparation method of the perpendicular hair of the said fiber crops of claim 1 roundheaded borer man-made feeds is characterized in that: agar is added in the entry boil, dissolve fully to agar; Add fly maggot powder, sugar, Vc and anticorrisive agent, stir; Add corn flour and soy meal, stir; Put into pot and steamed 30-45 minute, divide the raising container of packing into then, it is subsequent use to treat to put into refrigerator after its cooled and solidified.
4. method that adopts the perpendicular hair of the said fiber crops of claim 1 roundheaded borer man-made feeds to raise and go down to posterity is characterized in that: the perpendicular hair of a fiber crops longicorn mature larva single head is put in the test tube, places 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 20-30 days, it is pupated; Pupa continues to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 10-20 days, makes its emergence; The adult that sprouts wings continues to place 20-30 ℃, under the RH 60-80% condition 5-10 days, treats after its sclerosis fully the adult pairing is put into the container that the piemarker anesthesia stem is housed and let its pangamy lay eggs; Strip worm's ovum from the piemarker stalk, working concentration is that the formalin of 10-40% carried out disinfection in stifling 30-60 minute; Every ovum is put into container separately, place 20-30 ℃, its hatching of 10-15 angel under the RH 50-80% condition; The larva of hatching is put into the container that man-made feeds are housed separately, place 20-30 ℃, RH 60-80% condition is raised, and per 2 weeks take out larva from original container, puts into the container that man-made feeds are housed and continues to raise; Change man-made feeds 3-7 time in the whole feeding process, larva can be aging.
CN2011102380270A 2011-08-19 2011-08-19 Artificial feedstuff for thyestillagebleri larvae, and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102318758B (en)

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CN101228853B (en) * 2007-01-23 2011-12-28 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 Artificial feeding and culture transfer of monochamus alternatus hope
CN101983580B (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-10-31 南京林业大学 Forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same

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