KR101222469B1 - Methods of making artificial diet for callipogon relictus, and mass breeding callipogon relictus using thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A breeding method for a long-horned beetle is provided to realize the mass propagation for a long-horned beetle by enhancing the hatching rate of a larva and the emergence rate of the imago. CONSTITUTION: A manufacturing method of an artificial feed comprises the following steps. Irradiate the microwave at 50-60°C to submerged oaks, dry the oaks until the water content becomes 1-5%, and make sawdust of the oaks by pulverizing it. Mix the sawdust with a pulverulent mixture. A 95-97 wt% of the oak sawdust is mixed with 100 wt% of an artificial feed. The puverulent mixture comprises minerals for breeding long-horned beetles. The minerals are to be selected from one or more from calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper. The submerged oak is submerged in a mixed solution with vitamins. The mixed solution with vitamins comprises 300 wt% of water, 0.05-0.1 wt% of ascorbic acid, 0.05-0.1 wt% of urine, 0.0005-0.0015 wt% of folic acid, 0.003-0.007 wt% of pantothenic acid, 0.0003-0.0007 wt% of biotin, 0.0003-0.0007 wt% of vitamin B1, 0.0005-0.0009 wt% of vitamin B2, 0.0006-0.001 wt% of vitamin B6, and 0.1-0.3 wt% of inositol. Supply the artificial feed to the hatching larva of the long-horned beetle, and prepare for the last instar larva to pass through the matured larva by breeding the first larva. Pupate the last instar larva to chrysalis. Each of the hatching larva is bred separately in a glass when they are first an instar larva. The pupation is performed at 20°C with 60% humidity. The pupation is performed at 0L and 24D of periodic illumination. [Reference numerals] (A1) Egg stage at 25°C for 14 days; (A2) Hatching larva stage at 18-22°C for 1,350 days; (A3) Pupation stage at 20°C for 14 days; (A4) Imaginal stage 25°C for 20-30 days; (B1) Imago(F1); (B2,B9) Oviposition; (B3,B10) Hatching; (B4) Last instar larva; (B5) Pupation; (B6) Eclosion(F2); (B7) Adult feeding; (B8) Copulation; (C1) Matching; (C2,C9) Egg collection; (C3,C10) Larva collection; (C4) Separating from an insectary and moisturization(60%); (C5) Measuring pupa weight; (C6) Investigating enclosed imago; (C7) Feeding artificial feeds; (C8) Introducing oviposition wood; (D1) Moving to an insectary with the artificial feeds; (D2) Moisturization(60%)/light shielding; (D3) Moisturization(60%); (EE) Individual breeding

Description

Methods of Making Artificial Diet for Callipogon relictus, and Mass Breeding Callipogon relictus using approx}

The present invention relates to an artificial feed, a method of manufacturing artificial feed, and a method of breeding a longevity sky cow using the same for the multiplication of longevity sky cattle.

The species of insects inhabiting the earth has not been accurately identified, but it is estimated that there are about 5 to 10 million species. Among them, about 15,000 species are directly or indirectly related to humans. Insects are attracting attention as the largest undeveloped biomass in the 21st century with such abundant species diversity. Attention is focused on the application.

Currently, the domestic insect industry can be divided into natural insects, pollen-mediated insects, learning and pet insects, food and insect insects, and festival insect insects. Recently, the Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries announced 'Vision 2020'. In 2020, the company plans to foster the insect industry to more than 700 billion won, and the insect industry is expected to grow in the future in line with government policy directions.

On the other hand, one of the most popular insects due to its elegant appearance and rarity, Callipogon relictus is an insect belonging to the coleopteran celestial family, inhabiting the forests where old and large trees, such as acer, scorpion and ash, grow. . The body length is about 12cm for males and 7 ~ 8cm for females. The body is black or blackish brown. The luster is strong and the back has dense brownish brown hairs.

The longevity sky cow is a rare insect with a high biological classification and distribution value, and is protected as a natural monument. The demand for pets is gradually increasing.

In order to raise rare insects such as longevity sky cows, it is necessary to develop the technology related to the development of feed that can breed large quantities because it is not enough to feed insects existing in nature, and to establish a breeding method optimized for the target insect. It is also an important issue.

However, there are no independent national or research institutes for conducting insect resource research in Korea, and some universities, public and private research institutes are conducting research on insect commercialization, but useful insect resources are developed by bees and slugs. Some results have been shown mainly on scarabs, scarabs, butterflies, narcissus insects, and nemesis insects, but the indoor physiology and ecological studies of longevity sky cows are inadequate and mass breeding of longevity sky cows is difficult.

Therefore, the present inventors have made intensive research to overcome the problems associated with mass breeding of longevity sky cows, and have developed artificial feeds optimized for breeding longevity sky cows, and in the case of breeding longevity sky cows by feeding them, mass production of longevity sky cows It was confirmed that this can be done, and this invention was completed.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an artificial feed capable of indoor mass growth of longevity sky cow.

Another object of the present invention is to significantly shorten the larvae, which take 5 to 6 years in the natural state to 3.8 years, and to increase the hatching rate of the larvae and the adult allegory, by setting the proper breeding environment of the longevity sky cow, It has the effect of propagation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a powdered oak sawdust and powder mixture of immersed oak irradiated with microwave at 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. and dried and pulverized to have a water content of 1% to 5%. Provide artificial feed for longevity sky cow breeding.

The oak of the present invention is crushed through the process of irradiating the microwave after immersion, moisture absorbed by the oak tissue during the immersion process is activated in the process of irradiating microwave to cause fine damage to the oak tissue structure tissue structure This process changes the oak tree so that it can be consumed by longevity sky cows. The microwave irradiation process also plays an additional role in removing eggs or larvae of ants or other predatory insects that may be competitors of bacteria, fungi, or potentially long-lived larvae in idle oaks. do.

The microwave may be used at any frequency suitable for the activation of moisture, but preferably microwaves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz, which are generally well absorbed by water and resistant to sterilization, and more preferably, resonant frequency of water. It is recommended that you use a microwave in the same 2540MHz band.

As the oak used in the present invention, any oak can be used, but it is preferable to use an oak that is moderately decayed, and most preferably, oak oak that is not completely decayed in consideration of the feeding characteristics of the longevity sky cow is most preferred. At this time, it is good to remove the outer bark of oak completely. 'Fallwood' refers to a rotten tree that is corrupted by microorganisms such as mushrooms.

Considering the convenience, fine damage efficiency of oak tissues through the activation of moisture, and feeding characteristics of longevity cattle in the process of microwave irradiation, it is preferable to use oak having a length of 10 cm x 10-12 cm in diameter. .

Oak soaked in the process of irradiating the microwave is naturally dried, the oak or oak powder is removed from this moisture is not easily decay has the advantage of improved storage.

Drying of the oak is preferably 1% to 5% moisture content, when the moisture content is less than 1% has the disadvantage of increasing the drying time and cost, if more than 5% there is a risk that the oak will rot.

The dried and powdered oak sawdust is fed to the cellulose source of longevity larvae. The crushed size of the oak sawdust is not particularly limited, but is preferably a size of 50 to 60 mesh for feeding convenience of longevity sky cattle.

In the artificial feed for longevity sky cow growth of the present invention, the oak sawdust is preferably 95 to 97 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of the artificial feed considering the nutritional balance and feeding characteristics of the longevity sky cow.

In the artificial feed for longevity sky cow growth of the present invention, the powder mixture contains a mineral component necessary for longevity sky cow growth, the mineral component is calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper It is preferable to contain the minerals necessary for the raising of the sky cow.

In addition, the oak may be used by immersing in a vitamin mixed solution, wherein the vitamins used are ascorbic acid, traumatic acid, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and inositol. In this case, when the vitamin mixture solution is immersed, the vitamins that penetrate the oak microstructure, such as moisture, are dispersed and absorbed evenly by the activating action of moisture during the irradiation of microwaves. Even if powdered, the vitamin components are evenly distributed in oak powder, thereby improving nutrition. In addition, ascorbic acid added as the vitamin component may serve as a preservative to prevent the artificial feed from being rot due to low acidity.

At this time, the vitamin mixed solution is 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight, folic acid 0.0005 to 0.0015 parts by weight, pantothenic acid 0.003 to 0.007 parts by weight, biotin 0.0003 to 0.0007 parts by weight, based on 300 parts by weight of water, Vitamin mixed solution diluted by adding 0.0003 to 0.0007 parts by weight of vitamin B1, 0.0005 to 0.0009 parts by weight of vitamin B2, 0.0006 to 0.001 parts by weight of vitamin B6, and 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of inositol may be used.

In this way, long-lived sky cow artificial feed prepared by mixing microwave powder with dry oak can improve the early development of larvae, shorten larvae and days from hatching larvae to homeless larvae, and increase resistance to pathogens. It has the effect of improving the survival rate of the larva.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a seed larva through the homeless larvae by feeding and breeding artificial feed at 20 ℃, 60% humidity conditions of hatched larvae of longevity; And it provides a method for artificial proliferation of longevity sky cattle comprising the step of soluble in the pupal larvae stored.

Specifically, the longevity sky cow artificial propagation method of the present invention first prepares hatching larvae of longevity sky cows, and supplies the artificial feed of the present invention to prepare a seed larvae after homeless larvae. The hatching larvae of the longevity sky cow are not particularly limited, but may be hatched in a medium using the artificial feed of the present invention by collecting eggs of longevity sky cows from oak trees. The period of preparing the larval larvae from the hatched larvae through the homeless larvae is about 1350 days. At this time, the breeding temperature of the larvae is preferably maintained at 18 ° C. to 22 ° C. suitable for growth, and maintains a constant temperature of 20 ° C. Most preferably.

In addition, the hatching larvae are preferably one by one when the first larvae to breed in glass bottles to promote the feeding activity of longevity sky cattle. The glass bottle is preferably cleaned, disinfected and exchanged for a certain period of time so as to keep the larvae free of disease.

Specimated larvae prepared in this way are released through the process of pupation and become pupa. The solubilizing step is preferably performed at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60%. When breeding under the above conditions, the breeding period of the long-term larvae can be significantly shortened by breaking the dormant period of the larvae.

The humidity of the preparation and the solubilizing step of the seed larvae is preferably maintained at 60%, when the larvae are raised at a humidity of more than 60% or less than 60%, so the larvae It is most desirable to breed at 60% humidity.

At this time, the humidity control step of preparing the larval larvae is carried out by directly spraying on the artificial feed, the humidity control step of the solubilization is sprayed directly on the body of the pupa water to remove the cause of the stress caused by floral foam It is preferable to carry out by supplying.

In addition, when supplying moisture for the humidity control, a small amount of antifungal agent (Antifungal agent) can be mixed and administered in order to prevent the infection of harmful fungi in longevity sky cow, wherein the mixed antifungal agent butoconazole nitrate, clotri Mazole, ketoconazole nitrate, myconazole, antifungal polyene, nystatin, amphotericin B, fimaricin, oxyconazole nitrate, terconazole nitrate, thioconazole, flutrimazole, intraconazole, allyl Amines, terbenafine, butenapin, amorolpin, naphthypine, gluconazole, azole, echonasol, voriconazole, fluconazole, posaconazole, sulfonazole, dict bis-benzimidazole, glucan synthesis inhibitor, eki Nacandine, anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, diaphenylsulfone, circleropyroxolamine, haloprozin, tolnantane, undecylenate, and the like.

The solubilizing step may be performed in a photoperiod environment of 0L (description), 24D (memorization).

When the larva stored in accordance with the present invention in the photoperiod environment of the temperature 20 ℃, humidity 60%, 0L (memory), 24D (memorization) while feeding the artificial feed of the present invention, artificially longevity larvae indoors Solubilize and allegorize.

According to the growth method of the longevity sky cow according to the present invention, the survival rate of the larvae is significantly higher than the survival rate of the natural state, thereby increasing the solubilization rate and allegorization rate, shortening the larvae and days from hatching larvae to homeless larvae You can do it. In other words, according to the present invention, not only the long-lived sky cow, which is conventionally impossible to breed artificially, can be grown throughout the year, but also the long-lived sky cow can be grown in large quantities throughout the year by increasing the survival rate and allegory rate of the larvae.

As described above, the longevity sky cow artificial feed according to the present invention includes oak powder irradiated with microwaves to improve the initial development of the larvae, shortening the larva diameter and days from hatching larvae to homeless larvae, and resistance to pathogens. Raising the effect of improving the survival rate of the larvae.

In addition, according to the present invention, not only can the breeding season of longevity sky cows be breached, they can be grown throughout the year, and the longevity sky cows can be grown in large quantities throughout the year by increasing the survival rate and allegory rate of the larvae.

1 is a flow chart illustrating a breeding method of a longevity sky cow according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by these examples.

[ Manufacturing example  1] Vitamin Aqueous Solution Immersion  Preparation of artificial feed using oak powder

10cm x 10 ~ 12cm in diameter oak, whose core is not completely decayed, is completely removed from the bark, soaked in a vitamin solution for 2 hours, and then microwaved using a microwave until it reaches 3% moisture at 60 ° C. The oak was irradiated with heat by drying and then crushed with a shredder to prepare oak powder.

The aqueous vitamin solution is used by mixing 85.8 mg of ascorbic acid, 75.3 mg of folic acid, folic acid 0.95 mg, pantothenic acid 4.6 mg, biotin 0.61 mg, vitamin B1 0.4 mg, vitamin B2 0.67 mg, vitamin B6 0.84 mg, and inositol 186 mg in 300 ml of water. It was.

444 g of powder mixture was prepared by mixing 290 g of calcium, 70 g of magnesium, 150 g of phosphorus, 610 g of potassium, 20 g of sodium, 0.3 g of iron, 1.6 g of manganese, 2.34 g of zinc, and 0.2 g of copper.

35 kg of oak powder and 1444.44 g of the powder mixture were mixed to prepare artificial feed for raising longevity sky cattle.

[ Manufacturing example  2] Preparation of artificial feed by using vitamin by simple addition method

Oak powder was prepared using oaks soaked with water instead of an aqueous vitamin solution, and vitamins were simply added to oak powders of the same type of vitamins used in Preparation Example 1 above. Except for the two points above, the artificial feed for longevity sky cattle was prepared using the same method as Preparation Example 1.

[ Comparative example ] Preparation of Microwave-Free Artificial Feeds

Instead of heating and drying the oak tree through microwave irradiation, it was sterilized for 15 minutes using steam and dried using a dryer. Except for the above heat drying step, using the same method as in Preparation Example 1 was prepared artificial feed for longevity sky cattle.

[ Experimental Example  1] Development of Longevity Sky Cow by Addition of Vitamin and Microwave Irradiation

Hatching larvae were selected and used in the test to examine the developmental characteristics of longevity sky cows after vitamin addition and microwave irradiation treatment.

The hatching larvae initially secured 6 adults (3 females and 3 males), and then mated and spawned them to receive eggs on oak sub-trees, and then harvested long-lived larvae (82). Was carried out.

The larvae survival rate was measured at 200 days of the long-lived sky larvae by feeding the artificial feed prepared by Preparation Example 1, Preparation Example 2, and Comparative Example to the hatching larva selected as described above. Table 1 shows.

[Table 1] Development of Longevity Sky Cattle

Referring to Table 1, Experimental Groups 1-1 and 1-2, which fed artificial feeds of Preparation Example 1 and Preparation Example 2, prepared through microwave irradiation, were fed artificial feeds of Comparative Example, which did not process microwaves. Larval survival rates increased 11% and 8%, respectively, after 200 days compared to experimental groups 1-3.

These results show that the microfeeds improved the feed efficiency compared to the artificial feeds using the oak powder without the micro-irradiated oak powder. .

And, when comparing the growth characteristics according to the type of the aqueous solution used to immerse the oak, the artificial feed of Preparation Example 2 simply added vitamins in the experimental group 1-1 of the artificial feed of Preparation Example 1 using the aqueous vitamin solution It can be seen that the developmental characteristics are improved as compared with the experimental group 1-2, which is rapidly fed.

These results indicate that vitamins, such as moisture, penetrated into oak microstructures are dispersed and absorbed evenly by oaks through the activation of water during the irradiation of microwaves. This is because the nutrition is improved because it is evenly distributed in oak powder.

In addition, when looking at the larvae progression according to the rapid feed type, the shortest larval elapsed period was observed in the experimental group 1-1 using the vitamin aqueous solution and fed the artificial feed of Preparation Example 1 subjected to the microwave irradiation treatment, The longest larval elapsed time was observed in experimental groups 1-3, which fed the feed of the comparative example without microwave irradiation treatment.

As a result of comprehensive analysis, it was found that the presence or absence of microwave irradiation treatment and oak solution of vitamin A of oak groves were important factors affecting the feed characteristics of long-haul cattle artificial feed and the development of long-haul cattle larvae.

[ Experimental Example  2] Establishment of proper environmental conditions for raising longevity cattle larvae

2-1 From hatching larvae To Yonghua  Proper breeding environment

Experimental Example 1 was carried out using the artificial feed of Preparation Example 1 showing the best feed efficiency in order to find the optimal environmental conditions for the breeding of longevity sky larvae.

In order to establish proper environmental conditions, five hatching larvae of longevity larvae were set as one set, and artificial feeds of Preparation Example 1 were fed to breed according to the temperature and humidity conditions of Table 2 to observe the larval solubility and allegory rate. .

[Table 2] Changes in the solubilization rate and allegory rate of species larvae according to breeding conditions

As shown in Table 2, when the humidity was the same as 60%, and the experimental group 2-1 to 2-5 with a change in temperature, the larvae raised at 18 ℃ and 20 ℃ were all dissolved, the breeding temperature is When the temperature was lowered to 15 ℃, the solubility rate (40%) decreased, and when the raising temperature increased to 22 ℃, the solubility rate (80%) decreased slightly, but when the temperature was further increased to 25 ℃, the solubility rate rapidly increased to 20%. It tended to decrease.

In addition, when the temperature is the same as 20 ℃, and the experimental group 2-3, and 2-6 to 2-9 with a change in humidity, the degree of solubility is continuously decreased as the humidity increases or decreases based on 60% humidity. Showed.

Based on these results, in order to improve the solubilization rate of long-lived sky larvae, it was found that breeding is preferably maintained at 50 to 70% humidity conditions at a temperature of 18 ℃ to 22 ℃, 60 at a temperature of 20 ℃ Breeding while maintaining humidity conditions has been shown to be most desirable. In addition, in the results of Table 2, the long-lived sky larvae once dissolved, was found to be almost 100% allegory.

2-2 From a species of larva To Yonghua  Proper breeding environment

The following experiment was conducted to find the optimal breeding environment in the stage of larvae in the larval larvae, the most important stage in the breeding of longevity sky cattle.

Five larvae of longevity larvae were fed with one set of artificial feed of Preparation Example 1, and were bred according to the temperature and humidity conditions of Table 3 to observe the larvae dissolution rate, lease duration, and allegory rate.

[Table 3] according to breeding conditions Species of larva Dissolution rate , Duration, and Allegory  change

As shown in Table 3, the solubilization rate and allegorization rate of the seedling larvae according to the breeding conditions were the same as the change rate of the hatching larvae and the allegory rate of the hatching larva of Experimental Example 2-1, but the difference was found in the dedicated period. there was.

In other words, when the larvae were soluble, the lease period was the shortest at 13.4 days under the conditions of 20 ° C and 60% humidity, and the lease period increased with increasing temperature and humidity conditions. Based on these results, it was found that the larvae responded sensitively to changes in the breeding conditions. The breeding conditions optimized for the larvae of larvae that could break the dormant of long-lived sky cows were 20 ° C and 60% humidity. I could see that.

[ Experimental Example  3] Establish photoperiod condition suitable for breeding larvae

Photoperiod condition suitable for breeding longevity Skylarva larvae was investigated under conditions (20 ° C., 60%) showing the highest solubility rate and allegory rate.

In order to establish proper photoperiod condition, five hatching larvae of longevity sky cow were set as 1 set, and artificial feed of Preparation Example 1 was supplied to breed according to photoperiod conditions of Table 4 to change the larval solubility and allegory rate. Observed.

[Table 4] Under conditions  According Dissolution rate  And Allegory  change

As shown in Table 4, in experimental groups 4-1 to 4-3, which are long-term conditions in which light was administered for 12 hours or more per day, all larvae died, and mortality rate of larvae was reduced even under a single condition in which light was administered for 6 hours per day. Very high tendency was observed. All experimental larvae were lysed in experimental group 4-5, which had been reared for 24 hours a day, and all larvae were allegorized.

In conclusion, it was found that it is most desirable to solubilize longevity sky cow under photoperiod condition of 0L · 24D.

Claims (11)

As a manufacturing method of artificial feed for longevity sky cow growth comprising oak sawdust and powder mixture,
Irradiated microwaves at 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ to immersed oak, dried to hydrate 1% to 5% and then pulverized to produce oak sawdust,
The method of producing artificial feed for longevity sky cow, characterized in that the powder mixture is mixed with the oak sawdust.
The method of claim 1,
The oak sawdust is a method for producing artificial feed for longevity sky cow, characterized in that the mixing so as to 95 to 97 parts by weight compared to 100 parts by weight of the artificial feed.
The method of claim 1,
The powder mixture includes a mineral component necessary for longevity sky cow growth, wherein the mineral ingredient is at least one selected from calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, iron, manganese, zinc, and copper artificial proliferation Method of making feed.
The method of claim 1,
The impregnated oak is a method of producing artificial feed for longevity sky cattle, characterized in that the solution is immersed in a vitamin mixed solution.
The method of claim 4, wherein
The vitamin mixed solution is ascorbic acid, euolin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and method for producing artificial feed for longevity sky cow, characterized in that it comprises at least one vitamin selected from inositol.
The method of claim 5, wherein
The vitamin mixed solution is 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 to 0.1 parts by weight, folic acid 0.0005 to 0.0015 parts by weight, pantothenic acid 0.003 to 0.007 parts by weight, biotin 0.0003 to 0.0007 parts by weight, vitamin B1 based on 300 parts by weight of water Method for producing artificial feed for longevity sky cow, characterized in that the vitamin mixed solution diluted by adding 0.0003 to 0.0007 parts by weight, vitamin B2 0.0005 to 0.0009 parts by weight, vitamin B6 0.0006 to 0.001 parts by weight, and 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of inositol. .
The breeding larvae of livestock larvae fed and bred the artificial larvae grown in the place of any one of claims 1 to 6 at 18 ° C. to 22 ° C. and humidity of 50 to 70%. Preparing the larvae; And
Long-lived sky cow artificial propagation method comprising the;
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the hatching larvae are separated from each other when the first larvae are bred in a glass bottle.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the solubilizing is performed at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60%.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the humidity control step of preparing the larval larvae is carried out by spraying the artificial feed, the humidity control step of the solubilization of the longevity sky cow, characterized in that is performed by supplying moisture to the floral foam Artificial propagation method.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the soluble step is carried out in a photoperiod environment of 0L, 24D.

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