CN101983580B - Forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same - Google Patents
Forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101983580B CN101983580B CN2010105180924A CN201010518092A CN101983580B CN 101983580 B CN101983580 B CN 101983580B CN 2010105180924 A CN2010105180924 A CN 2010105180924A CN 201010518092 A CN201010518092 A CN 201010518092A CN 101983580 B CN101983580 B CN 101983580B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same. The forage comprises 90-110 g of pine wood chip, 18-22 g of cane sugar, 10-15 g of yeast powder, 35-45 g of agar, 1.8-2.1 g of sodium benzoate, 0.9-1.2 g of mythyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10 mL of H2SO4 (0.5 mol/L), 15-25 g of wheat germ powder, 1.2-1.5 g of cholesterol, 3-4.5 g of ascorbic acid, 18-21 g of casein, 0.7-1.1 g of choline and 750-850 mL of water. The forage provided by the invention has the advantages of abundance in resources, convenient manufacture and low cost, and the method for preparing the same is simple and workable. The development time of larvae fed with the above forage is significantly shortened, compared with that of larvae under natural circumstance in the forest. The development period of larvae that develop from egg development to adult emergence lasts for about 100 days. The forage is applicable to the large-scale breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope larvae. Reproduction and breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope at controlled temperatures can be realized to ensure the supplies of experimental populations of different stages, different instars and stable activities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ARTIFICIAL CULTURE technology of Monochamus alternatus, be specifically related to a kind of feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Monochamus alternatus (Monochamus alternatus) is the main trunk borer of harm pine tree, also is the insect vector of propagating destructive disease pine nematode (Bursaphenchus xylophilus), is classified as the international quarantine object.Its larva and pupa are lived in xylem; Adult is mainly in the tree crown top movable; Be difficult to gather the required longicorn of experiment; Even woodland collects Monochamus alternatus owing to receive season, quantity, the length of time and active restriction, can not guarantee to test to supply examination longicorn worm age, the requirement of conditions such as worm attitude, physiological status.Therefore, be necessary to study its indoors artificial method for breeding, so that material is provided for experimental study.
Utilizing man-made feeds to raise longicorn has many reports, about the existing research of the artificial feeding of Monochamus alternatus.The trees that Pershing (1984) will the infect pine nematode back of riving obtains the Monochamus alternatus larva, transfers to the required Monochamus alternatus of man-made feeds raising experiment of preparation voluntarily again.Kosaka (1990) utilizes commercial silkworm moth feed and pine tree endepidermis and the dry ferment feed of processing that is mixed to raise Monochamus alternatus.At Assessment of Artificial Rearing Method for the Pine SawyerBeetle Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) (Ismail Aloo; Kazumasa Katagiri..1994; Bull.Tokyo.Univ.For., 92:153-166) in, the feed that the author has selected 11 kinds of prescriptions respectively at room temperature with constant temperature under (25 ℃) carry out the raising of Monochamus alternatus; But these feeds or complicated component, modulated process is loaded down with trivial details; Longicorn each item index of raising out is relatively poor relatively; It is infeasible to cut down timber in a large number; All can not satisfy instructions for use.At Rearingthe Japanese Pine Sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) on artificial diet (Hajime Kosaka; Nobuo Ogura..1990, Appl.Ent.Zool., 25 (4): 532-534); With the feed of mulberry silkworm is the basis; Dose trees endepidermis, dry ferment, add that distilled water is hybridly prepared into feed, problems such as also existing takes a sample receives season limit, it is loaded down with trivial details to work, feed cost height.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the deficiency to existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus, so that it has raw material sources is wide, easy to make, with low cost, shorten advantages such as feeding time.Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned feed.
Technical scheme: in order to realize the foregoing invention purpose; The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is following: a kind of feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus comprises following component: 90～110g pine tree wood chip, 18～22g sucrose, 10～15g dusty yeast, 35～45g agar, 1.8～2.1g sodium benzoate, 0.9～1.2g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1NH
2SO
4, 15～25g wheat germ powder, 1.2～1.5g cholesterol, 3～4.5g ascorbic acid, 18～21g casein, 0.7～1.1g Choline Chloride and 750～850mL water.
Above-mentioned feed, preferred ingredient is: 100g pine tree wood chip, 20g sucrose, 12.5g dusty yeast, 40g agar, 2g sodium benzoate, 1g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 20g wheat germ powder, 1.5g cholesterol, 4g ascorbic acid, 20g casein, 1g Choline Chloride and 800mL water.
A kind of method for preparing the above-mentioned feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus, may further comprise the steps: (1) adds distilled water in container, and heated and boiled adds agar, treats that agar melts the back fully and adds except that pine tree wood chip and H
2SO
4Outside other each component; (2) abundant heating for dissolving after the dissolving, adds the H of 1N fully
2SO
4Regulate the pH of feed; (3) slowly add the pine tree wood chip, and fully stir, mix; (4) stop heating, cool off naturally, seal with preservative film after waiting to condense into piece, 4 ℃ of preservations are subsequent use.
In the step (3), the pine tree wood chip is crossed 20 mesh sieves earlier, chooses less than 20 purpose pine tree wood chips, carries out the preliminary treatment of 60 ℃ of dry sterilization 8h again.
Beneficial effect: the feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of the present invention, raw material sources are wide, and are easy to make, with low cost, can obviously reduce feeding time, and this preparation method is simple, and step is few, and is workable.The larvae development time that feed is raised is short, and the development duration that egg development to pupa is sprouted wings is about 100d, compares obvious shortening with the development time under the woodland natural environment.Can realize the continuous generation raising under the artificially controlling temperature, guarantee the supply of different worm attitudes, different worm ages and activity stabilized experimental population, help raising on a large scale roundheaded borer, not only cost is low, preparation is convenient, and feeding effect is stable, has very strong practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the larva during feed is raised.
Fig. 2 is the pupa that the feed breeding grub is grown.
Fig. 3 is the pupa institute emergence adult that the feed breeding grub is grown.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further explanation.
1 one kinds of feeds that are used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of embodiment comprise following component: 100g pine tree wood chip, 20g sucrose, 12.5g dusty yeast, 40g agar, 2g sodium benzoate, 1g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 20g wheat germ powder, 1.5g cholesterol, 4g ascorbic acid, 20g casein, 1g Choline Chloride and 800mL water.
Prepare the method for above-mentioned feed, comprising: in the container of cleaning, add 800ml distilled water, the boiling back adds 40g agar, treat agar melt fully the back add take by weighing remove pine tree wood chip and H
2SO
4Outside other each component, fully after the heating, add the H of about 1N
2SO
4Regulate the pH of feed, slowly add 60 ℃ of dry sterilization 8h then, cross the pine tree wood chip of 20 mesh sieves, and fully stir, mix.After stopping heating, the feed of liquid poured in the porcelain dish naturally cool off, seal with preservative film after waiting to condense into piece, put into 4 ℃ of preservations of refrigerator, subsequent use.
The collection of embodiment 2 ovum: the black pine saw that receives pine nematode harm under will cutting down is the long juggle of 2m, puts into outdoor 2.5 * 2.5 * 2.0 the cylinder mould of being processed by stainless (steel) wire, collects the adult that emergence is portalled early 8 o'clock every day; Single head is put into plastic casing; Put into wet cotton balls in the box and keep humidity, and provide 2 years healthy branches of life as foodstuff, 25 ± 2 ℃ of laboratory temperatures; Photoperiod 12:12 raises under the relative humidity 70%-80% condition.Behind the emergence 14d, 5 pairs of male and female adults are put into the dependent insect cage of 30 * 30 * 40cm, put 2 years living branches as foodstuff in central authorities, place long 20cm for four jiaos, diameter 3-5cm juggle is as laying eggs juggle, per 2 days replacing branches and juggle.The juggle of laying eggs of replacing is checked under the binocular anatomical lens strip off bark is chosen the ovum grain with the tweezers after the sterilization; Be placed in 70% alcohol and embathe 30s, change over to then and embathe in the culture dish that fills distilled water 2 times, each 60s; Forward diameter 5cm afterwards to, high 1cm, the bottom is covered with in the culture dish of wet filter paper; Put into 25 ± 2 ℃ of temperature, in the illumination box of photoperiod 12:12.
The feed that embodiment 3 prepares embodiment 1 is cut into the cuboid of 30mm * 20mm * 20mm, and 5mm downcuts thin slice from the top with the knife blade of sterilizing, and does a groove in feed central authorities.After ovum hatching, dip in 1% formalin with soft writing brush and carry out the polypide surface sterilization, afterwards the larva of sterilization is put into groove; Cover thin slice, put into the culture dish of diameter 5cm, high 1cm, change in the illumination box; At 25 ℃, raise under the periodicity of illumination 12L:12D condition, 4d changes a feed at interval; Write down the development duration of different worm attitudes, statistics incubation rate, the death rate, percentage of pupation and eclosion rate.
Along with the worm increase in age, the size of adjustment feed drop-center.Behind the adult that find to sprout wings, change in the triangular flask of 250mL it over to single head and raise, put into the cotton balls that is soaked with distilled water in the bottle, supplies with the fresh black pine branch of life in 1 or 2 year as food, interval 2d changes branch one time.About emergence 14d, the male and female pairing changes in the stainless steel cylinder mould of 300mm * 300mm * 400mm.Get the black pine juggle of long 15cm, diameter 2.5-5.5cm, two ends are real with paraffin envelope, scatter and disappear to prevent that water from dividing, and uprightly are placed on four jiaos of the dependent insect cages, supply female worm to lay eggs.The wide-mouth bottle that fills distilled water is placed by dependent insect cage central authorities, and the inside is inserted fresh 1 or 2a and given birth to the healthy black pine branch as the extra-nutrition foodstuff.2d changes branch and juggle at interval.
The component of embodiment 4 contrast feeds 1 comprises: 100g pine tree wood chip, 20g sucrose, 12.5g dusty yeast, 40g agar, 2g sodium benzoate, 1g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4With 800mL water.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1, and method for breeding comprises with the component of embodiment 3 embodiment 5 contrast feeds 2: 100g pine tree wood chip, 20g sucrose, 12.5g dusty yeast, 40g agar, 2g sodium benzoate, 1g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 1.5g cholesterol, 4g ascorbic acid, 20g casein, 1g Choline Chloride and 800mL water.
The preparation method is with embodiment 1; Method for breeding is with the feed of embodiment 3 embodiment 6 with embodiment 1, and the contrast feed 1 of embodiment 4 and the contrast feed 2 of embodiment 5 carry out the raising contrast of equal conditions; Through record and detection; The average development duration of Monochamus alternatus is seen table 1 under the DIFFERENT FEED, and the larval phase on the feed of contrast feed 1, contrast feed 2, embodiment 1 is distinguished average out to 91 days, 72 days and 73 days; The newly hatched larvae of contrast on the feed 1 grown larvae development on the feed of time ratio contrast feed 2 to pupa, embodiment 1 and gone through the phase and longly be bordering on 20 days, through variance check significant difference (P＞0.05); The development duration of the larva of raising on the feed of contrast feed 2 and embodiment 1 is close, indifference.Be respectively 12 days the pupa time behind the larvae pupation that 3 kinds of feeds are raised, and 13 days and 12 days, is bordering on equal.The larvae development time so that the feed of embodiment 1 is raised is the shortest, and the development duration that egg development to pupa is sprouted wings is about 100 days, compares obvious shortening with the development time under the woodland natural environment.
The average development duration table of Monochamus alternatus under table 1 DIFFERENT FEED
Thevigor of Monochamus alternatus is seen table 2 under the DIFFERENT FEED.Feed with contrast feed 1, contrast feed 2, embodiment 1 is raised Monochamus alternatus, and percentage of pupation is respectively 6.43%, 18.03% and 58.33%.Contrast feed 2 has increased by four kinds of components such as cholesterol, ascorbic acid on the basis of contrast feed 1, improved percentage of pupation, has increased the wheat germ powder in the feed of embodiment 1, and percentage of pupation significantly improves.Eclosion rate is respectively 66.67%, 75.76% and 88.10%, the increase of component, and eclosion rate also progressively improves.Can confirm, best with the larvae development situation of getting the feed of eating embodiment 1.Pupate behind the 7d, female, the male longicorn pupa that contrast feed 1 is raised heavily is respectively 0.37g and 0.30g, and the pupa under contrast feed 2 is raised heavily is respectively 0.33g and 0.27g, and the pupa under the feed of embodiment 1 is raised heavily is respectively 0.63g and 0.4g.Behind the emergence 7d, female, the male longicorn adult that contrast feed 1, contrast feed 2, the feed of embodiment 1 are raised heavily is respectively 0.27g and 0.21g, 0.29g and 0.22 ± 0.03g, 0.53g and 0.43g.Through significance test, the pupa that the feed of embodiment 1 is raised heavily reaches the heavy difference of raising with contrast feed 1, contrast feed 2 of adult obviously (P＞0.05).
| Feed | Ovum number (individual) | The ovum phase (my god) | Larval phase (my god) | Pupa time (my god) |
| Contrast feed 1 | 100 | 7 | 91 | 12 |
| Contrast feed 2 | 100 | 7 | 72 | 13 |
| The feed of embodiment 1 | 100 | 7 | 71. | 11 |
The vigor table of Monochamus alternatus under table 2 DIFFERENT FEED
7 one kinds of feeds that are used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of embodiment comprise following component: 90g pine tree wood chip, 18g sucrose, 10g dusty yeast, 35g agar, 1.8g sodium benzoate, 0.9g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 25g wheat germ powder, 1.5g cholesterol, 4.5g ascorbic acid, 21g casein, 1.1g Choline Chloride and 750mL water.
Feed producing method is with embodiment 1, and the Monochamus alternatus method for breeding, can be realized continuing for artificial feeding under the artificially controlling temperature through test of many times with embodiment 3, guarantees the supply of different worm attitudes, different worm ages and activity stabilized experimental population.As shown in Figure 1, be the larva in the feed raising.As shown in Figure 2, be the pupa of feed breeding grub growth.
8 one kinds of feeds that are used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of embodiment comprise following component: 110g pine tree wood chip, 22g sucrose, 15g dusty yeast, 45g agar, 2.1g sodium benzoate, 1.2g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 15g wheat germ powder, 1.2g cholesterol, 3g ascorbic acid, 18g casein, 0.7g Choline Chloride and 850mL water.
Feed producing method is with embodiment 1, and the Monochamus alternatus method for breeding, can be realized continuing for artificial feeding under the artificially controlling temperature through test of many times with embodiment 3, guarantees the supply of different worm attitudes, different worm ages and activity stabilized experimental population.As shown in Figure 3, be the pupa institute emergence adult of feed breeding grub growth.
Claims (5)
1. feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus; It is characterized in that, composed of the following components: 90 ~ 110g pine tree wood chip, 18 ~ 22g sucrose, 10 ~ 15g dusty yeast, 35 ~ 45g agar, 1.8 ~ 2.1g sodium benzoate, 0.9 ~ 1.2g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 15 ~ 25g wheat germ powder, 1.2 ~ 1.5g cholesterol, 3 ~ 4.5g ascorbic acid, 18 ~ 21g casein, 0.7 ~ 1.1g Choline Chloride and 750 ~ 850mL water.
2. the feed that is used for the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus according to claim 1; It is characterized in that, composed of the following components: 100g pine tree wood chip, 20g sucrose, 12.5g dusty yeast, 40g agar, 2g sodium benzoate, 1g methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 10mL1N H
2SO
4, 20g wheat germ powder, 1.5g cholesterol, 4g ascorbic acid, 20g casein, 1g Choline Chloride and 800mL water.
3. one kind prepares the described method that is used for the feed of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) in container, add distilled water, heated and boiled adds agar, treats that agar melts the back fully and adds except that pine tree wood chip and H
2SO
4Outside other each component;
(2) abundant heating for dissolving after the dissolving, adds the H of 1N fully
2SO
4Regulate the pH of feed;
(3) slowly add the pine tree wood chip, and fully stir, mix;
(4) stop heating, cool off naturally, seal with preservative film after waiting to condense into piece, 4 ℃ of preservations are subsequent use.
4. preparation according to claim 3 is used for the method for the feed of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus, it is characterized in that: in the step (3), the pine tree wood chip is crossed 20 mesh sieves earlier, chooses less than 20 purpose pine tree wood chips, carries out the preliminary treatment of 60 ℃ of dry sterilization 8h again.
5. the described application that is used for the feed of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus at the artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus of claim 1.
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| CN102318758B (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-10-31 | 天津北林新苑绿化工程有限公司 | Artificial feedstuff for thyestillagebleri larvae, and preparation method thereof |
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| KR101222469B1 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-01-15 | 이대암 | Methods of making artificial diet for callipogon relictus, and mass breeding callipogon relictus using thereof |
| CN102715377A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Formula of feed for cultivating monochamus alternatus and preparation process |
| CN103330053A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-10-02 | 无锡市华牧机械有限公司 | Saw dust formula for cultivating worms |
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| CN104623707B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2017-11-28 | 广西大学 | A kind of processes for disinfecting surfaces for keeping root-knot nematode egg hatching activity |
| CN105379683B (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2019-07-02 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of gelechiid rearing method |
| CN106360158A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-02-01 | 天津拓华生物科技有限责任公司 | Feed for breeding Aromia bungii and preparation method thereof |
| CN107156543A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of man-made feeds of Monochamus alternatus low instar larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN107410213A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method for propagating Monochamus alternatus artificially |
| CN108634136A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-10-12 | 徐华潮 | A kind of bucket cadelle feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN113142143B (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2022-08-19 | 福建农林大学 | Method for breaking diapause of Monochamus alternatus diapause larvae |
| CN113693178A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 沈阳农业大学 | Artificial feed for spruce flower-black longicorn larvae and preparation method thereof |
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