CN101228853B - Artificial feeding and culture transfer of monochamus alternatus hope - Google Patents
Artificial feeding and culture transfer of monochamus alternatus hope Download PDFInfo
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- CN101228853B CN101228853B CN2007100629723A CN200710062972A CN101228853B CN 101228853 B CN101228853 B CN 101228853B CN 2007100629723 A CN2007100629723 A CN 2007100629723A CN 200710062972 A CN200710062972 A CN 200710062972A CN 101228853 B CN101228853 B CN 101228853B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an artificial breeding and passage method of pine sawyer and a artificial diet for a larva of the pine sawyer. The method relates to: putting pine sawyer nymphae needing raising under a room temperature for being emerged into adults; then putting the emerged adults in a container provided with pine branches to mate and oviposit; disinfecting the eggs conventionally after the ovoposition; transferring the larva oviposited to a pine sawyer larva raising container provided with the artificial diet for the pine sawyer larva and raising the larva in a healthy larva raising space; in the whole process of larva raising, the foodstuff is prepared for a plurality of times until the larva is raised to be a nymphae. The artificial diet for the larva has the following components: wheat bran, soybean protein, Webster salt, cane sugar, fibrin, formaldehyde of 37 percent, Nipagin A, ascorbic acid, vitamin B12, agar, yeast, choline chloride and water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method and larva artificial feed thereof.
Background technology
Monochamus alternatus Hope claims Monochamus alternatus, ponderous borer again, is distributed in Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet.The main harm masson pine, next endangers weak trees of growths such as black pine, cdear, larch, Chinese pine, Huashan pine, pinus yunnanensis, pinus khasys, fir, dragon spruce, Chinese juniper, oak, Herba Morindae Parvifoliae, apple, premium or new felled tree.
1 year generation of this worm, larva is totally 5 ages, and 1 instar larvae is got food at endothelium, and get food at the sapwood epidermis 2 ages, form irregular flat hole at endothelium and sapwood, cause the trees conducting system to be damaged, larva eats into the about 3-4 of evil age in xylem, and vertical tunnel is eaten into after invading xylem 3-4cm up or down in the oblate hole of giving a farfetched interpretation autumn, vertical hole is about 5-10cm, bend towards outer moth then and eat to sapwood, build the pupa chamber at the tunnel end and pupate, whole tunnel is " U " font.In southern each province, after normal because dendrolimus punctatus harm made the pine tree growth weak, this worm was invaded in a large number, causes pine forest death in blocks.
This worm is the important pests of pine tree still not, and adult still is the vector insect of pine nematode, and the pine tree of Japan is therefore disease and mortality once.In recent years, harm takes place and spreads diffusion in some areas of provinces such as China Jiangsu, Anhui, Guangdong in this disease, makes China pine forest face serious threat.Cause very big threat also for simultaneously the natural landscape of some scenic spots of China.
Pine nematode claims loose fusarium wilt, pine tree wilting nematodosis again.Pine nematode is called as pine tree " cancer " pine nematode as a kind of destructive disease, and pine tree is in a single day susceptible, and the fastest 40 days can be withered, and a slice pine forest only needs the time in 3～5 years from catching an illness to destroying.Monochamus alternatus Hope is middle amboceptor or the carrier that pine wood nematode is carried away and propagated into healthy pine tree by the tree that dies of illness.
Monochamus alternatus Hope extensively distributes in China's north latitude 40 degree areass to the south.Beijing's geographical coordinate is north latitude 39.28～41.5 degree, and Monochamus alternatus Hope is in suitable scope of giving birth to.According to research data, pine wood nematode is higher than 14 ℃ of areas at average temperature of the whole year very easily takes place, and 10～12 ℃ of areas of year-round average temperature can be infected.In recent years, pine wood nematode was progressively strengthened the adaptability of low temperature, and pine nematode has the trend of progressively moving northward and expanding to the high altitude localities.And the average temperature of the whole year in the city is 10～12 ℃, Monochamus alternatus Hope and pine wood nematode are in Beijing municipalization adaptability preferably, pine wood nematode is as pest, grow environment in my municipalization host plant, vector insect and suitable deciding, and from the risk analysis index system, it belongs to the most dangerous forest plants nematode.Therefore, in a single day pine wood nematode grows surely in the Beijing area, certainly will cause crushing harm to city Chinese pine.
Monochamus alternatus Hope is topmost pine wood nematode disseminator, and 1 adult is carried the pine wood nematode amount and reaches as high as 18445.Propagate all shelters in trunk of insect larvae living environment, medicament is difficult to directly touch the larva body; And the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult eclosion phase reaches 3 wheat harvesting periods, and the adult dispersion, and control is difficulty very.
Has synergy according to expert introduction pine nematode and Monochamus alternatus Hope, infected the weak tree body in back by pine wood nematode Monochamus alternatus Hope is had stronger sucking action, trunk borer such as a large amount of Monochamus alternatus Hopes and pine wood nematode are caused harm simultaneously, cause pine tree dead rapidly, so the control Monochamus alternatus Hope just becomes the key of control pine nematode success.Though through study on prevention for many years, because this damage by disease and insect is lived in the trunk, natural enemy and medicine are difficult to it is damaged, and go back the effective control method of neither one comparative maturity at present both at home and abroad.
The insect technology of alienating oneself is to utilize the male worm of sterile technical finesse insect of the same race physics or chemistry to carry out competition with female worm mating with natural male worm, thereby reaches the purpose that the reproduction potential energy that makes pest population sharply descends.The fertility of most insects is only for overcoming the natural mortality rate that the various factors such as environment cause.Under the normal condition, they can keep the scale of its population, but after sterile individuality progressively imported the nature population, through the several generations time, the reproduction potential energy of its population will descend, and finally reaches nature population " extinction ".
See that with regard to the control strategy that the pine wood nematode diffusion spreads control vector insect, particularly Monochamus alternatus Hope quantity are the major measure that reduces the further diffusive infection of pine nematode and reduce the death of pine forest large tracts of land.
The natural world pest density is higher at present, gathers natural world Monochamus alternatus Hope ratio in a large number and is easier to, and the larva of gathering is carried out artificial feeding and controls its growth, as required it is carried out sterile processing then, more sterile adult is discharged into woodland, forms competition colony.The emergence period of Monochamus alternatus Hope adult reaches more than 3 month, and disperses not concentrate, and it is easy many that this class pest is sought and killed to the success rate that sterile adult seeks similar adult than the mankind with chemical agent and other method.So under the situation that other methods such as chemical pesticide, natural enemy insect, pathogenic microorganism can't effectively play a role, using the insect technology of alienating oneself may be an effective measure.
The alienate oneself selectivity of technology of insect is strong, environmentally safe.Stop the harm of insect and the insect of propagation or elimination part kind effectively, and cost is significantly less than the cost of chemical control.
Need possess the ability of a large amount of artificial feeding Monochamus alternatus Hopes using the insect technical elements of alienating oneself, and key is artificial feed problem and the indoor breeding technology that goes down to posterity of this insect of solution.Existing rearing method generally adopts natural feed to feed, and main feed resource is the branch, dried of natural host plant, and its feed resource can be subjected to the restriction in region and season, and the amount that can not guarantee supply and time, larva is gone through the phase and will reach 320 days.
Summary of the invention
It is high and be suitable for Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and the propagating method and the larva artificial feed thereof of factory farming to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pupa and incubation rate.
Another object of the present invention provides and a kind ofly is beneficial to larva and survives and grow and Monochamus alternatus Hope larva artificial feed that the phase of going through is short.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design:
A kind of Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method, its method step is as follows:
(1) Monochamus alternatus Hope pupa that will be to be raised is placed on the adult that sprouts wings under the room temperature;
(2) container that has pine branch is put in the grouping of the adult after the above-mentioned emergence and carried out mate and oviposit;
(3) with the ovum routine disinfection behind the above-mentioned mate and oviposit;
(4) the larva access of hatching is equipped with in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva artificial feed, puts into healthy supporting between worm and raise, contained component of described larva artificial feed and percentage by weight thereof are as follows: wheat bran 6-10; Legumin 3.9-4.4; Webster salt 1.2-1.5; Sucrose 1.0-1.5; Cellulose 18-25; 37% formaldehyde 0.02-0.05; Nipalgin 0.1-0.15; Ascorbic acid 0.4-0.6; Cobastab
120.0015-0.002; Agar 1.4-2.0; Yeast 1.8-2.5; Choline Chloride 0.1785-0.2980; Water 66-52;
(5) brew 15～20 times in whole larva raising process is raised until larvae pupation.
Wherein step (1) room temperature 25 is spent, and humidity 65% is advisable.
It is good putting 50 pairs of adults in the container that fills pine branch in the described step (2).
It is for 18 times good allocating (replacing) feed in the described step (5) in whole larva raising process, to keep the sufficient and fresh of forage volume.
Adopt technical solution of the present invention, can raise a large amount of male Monochamus alternatus Hopes as required, so just provide basic guarantee, with the purpose of the rapid decline of reproduction potential energy that realizes making pest population for implementing the alienate oneself plan of technology of insect.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, can realize the artificial feeding of indoor Monochamus alternatus Hope and go down to posterity, overcome the various undesirable elements due to the open-air breed Monochamus alternatus Hope, can effectively guarantee output and the quality of Monochamus alternatus Hope adult.
2, utilize this raising and the technology that goes down to posterity, larva survival rate height, the phase of going through are short, pupa rate height, and finishing a generation shortened greatly than the open-air corresponding cycle.
3, Monochamus alternatus Hope larva artificial feed provided by the invention, its do not contain host plant any branch, leaf, do, flower, fruit and extract, the raw material wide material sources are not subjected to the restriction in region and season, can produce in a large number, guarantee supply.
The method ratio of the existing artificial single feed for nursing of Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding of the present invention and propagating method and larva artificial feed thereof, all done elaborately planned at living environment, feed and the selection of the Monochamus alternatus Hope liquid that has additional nutrients, by result of the test, also verified its outstanding effect.
Embodiment
At first from following table 1 and table 2, can find out the selection reason of feed formula of the present invention:
Wheat bran 6-10; Legumin 3.9-4.4; Webster salt 1.2-1.5; Sucrose 1.0-1.5; Cellulose 18-25; 37% formaldehyde 0.02-0.05; Nipalgin 0.1-0.15; Ascorbic acid 0.4-0.6; Cobastab
120.0015-0.002; Agar 1.4-2.0; Yeast 1.8-2.5; Choline Chloride 0.1785-0.2980; Water 66-52.
The percentage by weight of each material of table 1 Monochamus alternatus Hope larva artificial feed different formulations
| Element (%) | Prescription 1 | Prescription 2 | Prescription 3 | Prescription 4 |
| Wheat bran | 6.0 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 10 |
| Legumin | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.4 |
| Webster salt | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Sucrose | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
| Nipalgin | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.15 | 0.15 |
| Ascorbic acid | 0.4 | 0.45 | 0.55 | 0.6 |
| Cobastab 12 | 0.0015 | 0.0015 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Agar | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
| Choline Chloride | 0.1785 | 0.2185 | 0.2580 | 0.2980 |
| Yeast | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 |
| Cellulose | 18 | 20 | 22 | 25 |
| 37% formaldehyde | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
| Water | 66 | 61 | 57 | 52 |
Table 2: the DIFFERENT FEED prescription is raised the effect of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva
(wheat bran 6-10 when the present invention is used for the prescription of larva artificial feed of Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method and percentage by weight thereof and is selected in this scope; Legumin 3.9-4.4; Webster salt 1.2-1.5; Sucrose 1.0-1.5; Cellulose 18-25; 37% formaldehyde 0.02-0.05; Nipalgin 0.1-0.15; Ascorbic acid 0.4-0.6; Cobastab
120.0015-0.002; Agar 1.4-2.0; Yeast 1.8-2.5; Choline Chloride 0.1785-0.2980; Water 66-52.) can guarantee effectively that the larva survival rate is more than 50% under this raising method and environment; Larva is gone through the phase and is lower than 310 days; The pupa rate is not less than 73%; Finish that the time ratio of a generation is open-air and shorten nearly 60 days at most (common open-air Monochamus alternatus Hope finish a generation approximately need about 320 days), relative cost reduces; Because these raw material are not subjected to the restriction in region and season, the preparation of suiting measures to local conditions at any time seasonal shortage can not occur and has influence on the artificial feeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva, thereby indoor continuous mass rearing Monochamus alternatus Hope larva is fully ensured.
Secondly, on the living environment of Monochamus alternatus Hope, through test of many times, for healthy supporting between worm set up in the nursing of larva, cleanliness factor is thousand grades between the foster worm of this health, have temperature control, functions such as control light application time and air circulation, in Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding of the present invention, answer temperature control to wet at 55-70% at 24～26 ℃, control.
Another important innovations point of the inventive method is: it is right in step (2) the adult male and female of sprouting wings to be mixed into, and puts into container and feeds with pine branch, and only put 50 pairs of adults in every container.So promptly guaranteed the supply of nutrition, avoided many again, can finish mate and oviposit thus a mutual interference.
In Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding of the present invention and propagating method, before dropping into, each larva artificial feed heats mixing earlier, divide again to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container.Help feed of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva and assimilating of various nutrition like this.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
200 of selected Monochamus alternatus Hope pupas, under 25 ℃ of conditions, 189 of emergence adults, in the ratio of male and female than 1: 1, packing into has in the cage of pine needle with the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult, 50 of every cage mounted adults, lay eggs after 15 days, lay eggs 4500,10 days ovum phases, ovum grain routine disinfection (soaked 1 hour with 10% formalin solution earlier, clean with flushing with clean water then, drying in the shade gets final product), under 25 ℃ of conditions, 4050 of hatching larvas, artificial feed divide to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container according to the 1 heating mixing of the prescription in the table 1, newly hatched larvae are inserted (inserting 1 newly hatched larvae in every container), putting into healthy supporting between worm raises, look the every interval of feed situation certain hour and change the interpolation feed, larva survives 2268 after 30 days, and pupa is 1656 after 310 days, pupa continues to be placed on the feed surface, and aftershaft changed into 1474 of worms in 17 days.
Embodiment 2:
180 of selected Monochamus alternatus Hope pupas, under 25 ℃ of conditions, 165 of emergence adults, in the ratio of male and female than 1: 1, packing into has in the cage of pine needle with the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult, 50 of every cage mounted adults, lay eggs after 14 days, lay eggs 4400,8 days ovum phases, ovum grain routine disinfection (soaked 1 hour with 10% formalin solution earlier, clean with flushing with clean water then, drying in the shade gets final product), under 25 ℃ of conditions, 4004 of hatching larvas, artificial feed divide to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container according to the 2 heating mixings of the prescription in the table 1, newly hatched larvae are inserted (inserting 1 newly hatched larvae in every container), putting into healthy supporting between worm raises, look the every interval of feed situation certain hour and change the interpolation feed, larva survives 2522 after 30 days, and pupa is 1992 after 300 days, pupa continues to be placed on the feed surface, and aftershaft changed into 1793 of worms in 15 days.
Embodiment 3:
300 of selected Monochamus alternatus Hope pupas, under 25 ℃ of conditions, 278 of emergence adults, in the ratio of male and female than 1: 1, packing into has in the cage of pine needle with the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult, 50 of every cage mounted adults, lay eggs after 12 days, lay eggs 6880,7 days ovum phases, ovum grain routine disinfection (soaked 1 hour with 10% formalin solution earlier, clean with flushing with clean water then, drying in the shade gets final product), under 25 ℃ of conditions, 6260 of hatching larvas, artificial feed divide to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container according to the 3 heating mixings of the prescription in the table 1, newly hatched larvae are inserted (inserting 1 newly hatched larvae in every container), putting into healthy supporting between worm raises, look the every interval of feed situation certain hour and change the interpolation feed, larva survives 4883 after 30 days, and pupa was 4151 in 270 days, pupa continues to be placed on the feed surface, and aftershaft changed into 3736 of worms in 12 days.
Embodiment 4:
150 of selected Monochamus alternatus Hope pupas, under 25 ℃ of conditions, 136 of emergence adults, in the ratio of male and female than 1: 1, packing into has in the cage of pine needle with the Monochamus alternatus Hope adult, 50 of every cage mounted adults, lay eggs after 15 days, lay eggs 3415,7 days ovum phases, ovum grain routine disinfection (soaked 1 hour with 10% formalin solution earlier, clean with flushing with clean water then, drying in the shade gets final product), under 25 ℃ of conditions, 3142 of hatching larvas, artificial feed divide to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container according to the 4 heating mixings of the prescription in the table 1, newly hatched larvae are inserted (inserting 1 newly hatched larvae in every container), putting into healthy supporting between worm raises, look the every interval of feed situation certain hour and change the interpolation feed, larva survives 2482 after 30 days, and pupa was 2159 in 265 days, pupa continues to be placed on the feed surface, and aftershaft changed into 1943 of worms in 10 days.
Can be found out by above each embodiment: adopt Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding of the present invention and propagating method and larva artificial feed, larva survival rate height, the phase of going through are lacked pupa rate height; Because the batching in the feed is the health material prescription, not only makes the Monochamus alternatus Hope larval growth fast, can also guarantee to use worm for steriliation by irradiation provides reliable quality production.
Claims (6)
1. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding and propagating method is characterized in that method step is as follows:
(1) Monochamus alternatus Hope pupa that will be to be raised is placed on the adult that sprouts wings under the room temperature;
(2) container that has pine branch is put in the grouping of the adult after the above-mentioned emergence and carried out mate and oviposit;
(3) with the ovum routine disinfection behind the above-mentioned mate and oviposit;
(4) the larva access of hatching is equipped with in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container of Monochamus alternatus Hope larva artificial feed, puts into healthy supporting between worm and raise, contained component of described larva artificial feed and percentage by weight thereof are as follows: wheat bran 6-10; Legumin 3.9-4.4; Webster salt 1.2-1.5; Sucrose 1.0-1.5; Cellulose 18-25; 37% formaldehyde 0.02-0.05; Nipalgin 0.1-0.15; Ascorbic acid 0.4-0.6; Cobastab
120.0015-0.002; Agar 1.4-2.0; Yeast 1.8-2.5; Choline Chloride 0.1785-0.2980; Water 66-52;
(5) brew 15～20 times in whole larva raising process is raised until larvae pupation.
2. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding according to claim 1 and propagating method is characterized in that: heat mixing before each larva artificial feed drops into earlier, divide to install in the Monochamus alternatus Hope larva raising container again.
3. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding according to claim 1 and propagating method is characterized in that: wherein the room temperature described in the method step (1) is 25 degree, humidity 65%.
4. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding according to claim 1 and propagating method is characterized in that: wherein each group of grouping is 50 pairs of adults described in the method step (2).
5. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding according to claim 1 and propagating method is characterized in that: described health supports that cleanliness factor is thousand grades between worm, and temperature control wets at 55-70% at 24～26 ℃, control.
6. Monochamus alternatus Hope artificial feeding according to claim 1 and propagating method is characterized in that: in the described step (5) in whole larva raising process brew 18 times.
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| CN101584420B (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-11-23 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Brontispa longissima larva artificial feed and preparation method |
| CN101816384B (en) * | 2010-05-07 | 2013-08-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Formula of artificial feed for cotton bollworms |
| CN101983580B (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-10-31 | 南京林业大学 | Forage for artificial breeding of Monochamus alternatus Hope and method for preparing the same |
| CN102090377A (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2011-06-15 | 金陵科技学院 | Simple method for breeding Apriona germari based on field infestation |
| CN102318758B (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2012-10-31 | 天津北林新苑绿化工程有限公司 | Artificial feedstuff for thyestillagebleri larvae, and preparation method thereof |
| CN102613141B (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-08-14 | 天津师范大学 | Artificial feeding method for chlorophorus diadema motschulsky |
| KR101222469B1 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-01-15 | 이대암 | Methods of making artificial diet for callipogon relictus, and mass breeding callipogon relictus using thereof |
| CN102715377A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 浙江农林大学 | Formula of feed for cultivating monochamus alternatus and preparation process |
| CN105075995B (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-10-31 | 叶军江 | One kind bucket cadelle breeding method |
| CN107410213A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-12-01 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of method for propagating Monochamus alternatus artificially |
| CN107156543A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-15 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of man-made feeds of Monochamus alternatus low instar larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN110692600B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2022-04-19 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | Artificial feed for anoplophora chinensis larvae and subculturing method of anoplophora chinensis |
| CN109122596A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-04 | 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所 | A method of roundheaded borer is cultivated using agricultural crop straw |
| CN109392846A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-01 | 江西省林业科学院 | The method for breeding of Monochamus alternatus Adults feed, preparation method and Monochamus alternatus Hope |
| CN113693178A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-26 | 沈阳农业大学 | Artificial feed for spruce flower-black longicorn larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN115251252A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所 | Artificial feed for anoplophora glabripennis larvae and passage feeding method |
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